Tissue Culture Laboratory Research Articles

In Vitro Conservation of Medicinal Plant St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) Through Dilution of Basic Medium

In vitro techniques could be applied for plant conservation through minimal growth. Growth reduction is generally attained by modifying the culture medium and/or the environmental condition. Conservation of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) in vitro through dilution of basic medium was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMCRI) in 2018. Sterile shoots were cultured into Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium by reducing macronutrients. The treatments used were full-MS + 0.1 mg L-1 N6 - benzyladenine (BA) as control; ¾ MS + 0.1 mg L-1 BA; ½ MS + 0.1 mgL-1 BA and ¼ MS + 0.1 mg L-1 BA. Observation of the culture growth was conducted three months after the treatments. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with ten replications. The result showed that the use of a dilution of basic medium affected the growth of St. John’s wort. The use of ¼ MS + 0.1 mg L-1 BA composition could suppress culture growth (number of shoots, shoots length and number of leaves), without showing necrotic symptom until three months of conservation. This treatment could be used as an alternative to minimize the culture of St. John’s wort for in vitro conservation.

Effect of Added PPM on Murashige and Skoog Media for Shallot Meristematic Proliferation

Shallot (Allium ascolonicum L) are plants that belong to genus Allium sp that were propagated vegetatively through bulbs. In the developed countries, shallot seed production can be produced through in vitro/micropropagation. The activity observed the effect of explant source and added of PPM ( Plant Preservative Mixture) on Murashige and Skoog media in the growth and development of explants (Shoot tip, meristematic). The activity has been conducted in the tissue culture laboratory of IVEGRI from January to April 2019. As an explant bulb of shallot cv. Bima Brebes were infected OYDV or SYSV that has been tested by serology DAS ELISA. Media composition was MS (1962) with supplement sucrose 30 g L-1+ IAA 2 mg L−1 + Kinetin 2 mg L−1 + GA3 0.01 mg L−1 + Myo inositol 100 mg L−1 + gel rite 2 g L−1, pH 5.7. The treatment were PPM concentration (0;0.25;0.50;0.75; 1 mL L−1) and the explant : shoot tip (A), meristematic (B). Results of the experiment on visual observation were carried out randomly on growth and development, serology test of OYDV, and SYSV of the plantlets. On visual observation obtained MS media composition with 1 ml L−1 PPM the percentage of proliferation, there were no different from other concentrations of PPM and proliferation ≥ 60% for all media composition. DAS ELISA test for plantlet infected OYDV and SYSV for both explants was 47.37% - 69.33%.

The Effect of GA3 Concentration, Micro Tubers Size, and Dark or Light Storage on Breaking Potato Dormancy

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L) are included in priority crops considering their function as a source of carbohydrates in food diversification. One of the techniques in producing quality seed is through tissue culture continued within in vitro tuber production that is micro tubers. The aim of this research was to observe the effect of GA3 concentration, storage, and size of micro tubers on breaking dormancy. The activities were carried out in the tissue culture laboratory of IVEGRI from April to July 2018. The treatments were to determine the effect of GA3 (10,15,20 ppm) and the size of micro tubers cv. Granola i.e. large (>4 g); small (<1 g); medium (>1 g - <4 g), and storage system dark (G), light (T). The experimental design was a complete randomized block design with 3 replications, each treatment consists of 20 micro tubers. Results of experiment micro tubers size and storage were significantly different, GA3 concentration does not affect the percentage shoot growth which initializes the breaking dormancy of tubers at 8 to 10 WAS (Weeks After Storage). Average shoot number 0.3 – 1.25 per tuber and shoot length 0.30 – 0.80 cm. In general, each micro tuber only grows one shoot. On visual observation, the large size of micro tubers will have quality and length of shoot better than small size micro tubers.

Embryogenic Callus Induction of Todolo Toraja Coffee Leaf Cells (Coffea arabica Var. Typica) with the Addition of 2, 4-DichlorophenoxyaceticAcid (2, 4-D) and Furfurylaminopurine (Kinetin) in Vitro

Somatic embryogenesis is a way to produce large numbers of seeds according to the parent, so it is very profitable in the effort to conserve Arabica coffee, which has reduced number of trees and is not productive. This study uses Todolo arabica coffee (Coffea arabica Var. Typica) which is the oldest commercial coffee found in Toraja, South Sulawesi and is threatened with extinction. This study aims to obtain the best composition in administering zpt 2,4-D and kinetin in forming embryogenic callus from explants of arabica coffee leaves. This research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University. The experimental range used was a completely randomized design with 2 factorials, namely the concentration of 2,4-D 1 ppm, 2 ppm, and 3 ppm and kinetin concentration of 0.1 ppm, 0.5 ppm and 1.0 ppm so that there were 9 treatments with 3 replications. The parameters observed were callus formation time, callus structure, and callus color. The results showed that the fastest time for callus appearance was 17.00 HSK with 1 ppm 2,4-D and 0.5 ppm kinetin. The callus texture formed is a crumb-textured callus with several color variations that are formed.

Production of Salt Tolerant Thevetia peruviana Schum. Plants by Tissue Culture

Salt stress is a serious problem plant production and one of the main causes of damage on growth crops in the world. The plants are different in their ability to grow under salt stress. There are many studies to determine the plants salt tolerantce. This study was carried out in the tissue culture laboratory, Faculty of Agric., Saba Basha, Alex. Univ. to find a reliable protocol for in vitro propagation of Thevetia peruviana Schum. during the period from 2019 to 2020 was developed. Moreover, nodal explants were used during in vitro culture study for indication of multiple shoots and were inculated on various media with different combinations of NAA and KIN to study the effect on proliferation and development of multiple shoots, and the elongation of the newly formed on medium. The best medium for multiplication was a medium supplemented with3.00 and 4.00mg/l KIN and 0.50 mg/l NAA. Furthermore, the in vitro shoots showed healthy root development when the tested medium was supplemented with combination of 1.00 or 2.00mg/l IBA and0.50mg/l NAA. The newly formed shoot plantlets are selected for resistance to salt, and laboratory in vitro techniques proved very useful for this prupose. The plants showed good tolerance under low salt concentration at 2and 4gL-1 NaCl on multiplication of explants shootlets of thevetia plants with good survival. At the the salt concentration of 6gL-1, showed inhibitory effect on growth of plants with reduced the shootlets length, number of shoots, number of leaflets and number of roots/shootlets. Moreover, the proportion of carbohydrate content increased with the increasing salt concentration.

Study on Total Phenolic, Flavonoid and Antioxidant Capacity of Fish Singgang Extracts

Aim: To evaluate the ash and moisture contents, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant potential of Terengganu singgang extracts.&#x0D; Study Design: Experimental study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Central Laboratory, Tissue Culture Laboratory, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu between April 2019 and July 2019.&#x0D; Methodology: Samples comprised three types of singgang dishes, which were prepared, cooked, and then extracted with distilled water and ethanol (EtOH) in different strengths, 50%, 70%, and 100%. These singgang samples were chub mackerel (ST), Indian mackerel (SK), and a control sample with no fish(SC). Extracts were analyzed for their moisture and ash content. Also, the total phenolic content (TPC) was assayed using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, while total flavonoid content (TFC) using AlCl3 colorimetric assay, and antioxidant activity using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was also evaluated.&#x0D; Results: Experimental assays showed that the SC sample extracted in 100% EtOH produced the highest yield (3.7%). SK samples were lower than SC and ST in moisture content and ash content with 94.21%, 96.37% and 93.03% moisture content and 0.85%, 0.71%, and 0.96% ash content. Meanwhile, the extract of ST in 100% EtOH yielded the highest TPC (315.0 mg GAE/100g) and T-AC (8.8 U/mL) but the lowest in DPPH scavenging activity (12.2%). On the other hand, the extract of SK in 70% EtOH gave the highest TFC with 6485.3 mg QE/100g. The correlation of TFC and TPC with DPPH and T-AOC assays was positively significant.&#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion, the ST extract yielded the best antioxidant capacity.

Potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum L.) formation due to the application of different concentrations of coconut water in in-vitro

This study apply coconut water to support the process of formation of potato tubers in vitro. The study was conducted at the laboratory of tissue culture, Experimental Garden of Vegetable Research Center, Berastagi, North Sumatera. The experiment used Completely Randomized Design with single treatment factor, the coconut water concentration of 0; 75; 150 and 225 ml L−1. The results show that the application of coconut water provides a significant effect on the number, diameter and fresh weight of potato micro tubers, but the effect is not significant at the time of potato micro tuber formation. The application concentration of coconut water 225 mL L−1 affected the potato micro tuber formation in in vitro.

Morphological characterization of soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) in drought stress condition and P fertilizer application

Drought stress in plants can occur due to an imbalance between the availability of water with the water needs of plants. Drought stress can cause morphological changes. This study aims to identify changes in the morphological character of soybean plants in drought stress conditions and P fertilizer application. This research was carried out at the screen house and laboratory of tissue culture of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatment factors. The first factor is the variety consists of 2 types, namely Devon 1 and Dering. The second factor is the field capacity of water content which consists of 3 levels, namely 80, 60 and 40% field capacity. The third factor is the application of P fertilizer consists of 5 levels, namely without P application, 1 recommended dosage of Rock phosphate, ½ recommended dosage of Rock phosphate, 1 recommended dosage of TSP and ½ recommended dosage of TSP. The results showed that drought stress treatment significantly reduced total leaf area (18.99%), root length (23.43%), root dry weight (16.67%) and crown dry weight (30.91%) when the available soil water content was reduced from 80% to 40% KL. Application of 1 dose of TSP resulted in the highest increase in root length, root dry weight and shoot dry weight compared to other treatments.

Shoots multiplication of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) with benzyl amino purine and kinetin modification

Micro propagation techniques for vegetative propagation of vanilla have been developed to overcome limited planting material and the attack of Fusarium disease. The ability of vanilla explants to regenerate and differentiate to form multiplication of shoots is still limited. Therefore it is necessary to regulate the addition of Benzyl Amino Purine and Kinetin into the media for optimal shoot multiplication so that the quality of the vanilla culture seedlings can be improved. The study was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory of Politeknik Negeri Jember using a factorial Complete Randomized Design. Factor 1 is BAP concentration which is 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/liter and factor 2 is Kinetin concentration which is 0.0, 1.0, 2.0 mg/liter. Further data analysis used Duncan’s average difference test. The research result show that The addition of BAP affected the shoots growth rate of vanilla explants with the fastest mean rate of 9 days after inoculation with the addition of 2.5 mgL-1 and 67-100% sprouting ability 14 days after inoculation. The average number of shoots was highest in the addition of 0.5 mg L-1 BAP and 2.0 mgL-1 Kinetin at 56 days after inoculation with a mean of 6.00 shoots / explant.

UTILIZATION OF ALOE VERA GEL AS GROWTH ENHANCER ON MICROPROPAGATION OF EUCALYPTUS CITRIODORA HOOK PLANT

This study aimed to examine the influence ofAloe vera gel at different concentrations as growth enhancer on Eucalyptus citriodora, Hook micropropagation. The experiments were conducted from April 1st 2019 until January 15th, 2020 at Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of Prof. Dr. Abd El-Fatah H. Belal, Fac. Environ. Agric. Sci., Arish Univ. The obtained results presented that, soaking Eucalyptus citriodora explants on (Clorox)® solution at 20% (v/v) for 20 minutes recorded the highest survival percentage of explants (87.33%) on establishment stage. Furthermore, addition of BA at 1 mg l-1 in combination with NAA at 0.1 mg l-1 recorded the highest shoot number/explant, shoot length (cm) and leaf number/shoot (7.33, 4.66 and 9.50, respectively) on multiplication. Also, the maximum shoot number/explant, shoot length (cm) and leaf number/shoot (9.33, 7.00 and 11.50, respectively) were achieved with addition of Aloe vera gel at 20 m l-1. Moreover, Murashige Skoog (MS) medium with IBA addition at 1.0 mg l-1 recorded the maximum growth of Eucalyptus citriodora during rooting stage. i.e., shoot number/explant, shoot length (cm), leaf number/shoot, rooting percentage, root number/explant and root length (cm) (3.44, 8.13, 12.86, 99, 3.27 and 5.07, respectively). Finally, rooted shoots were highly successful (above 80%) on soil mixture contains peatmoss and sand at a rate of (1:1, v:v).

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Jus Lidah Buaya (Aloe cbinensis Baker) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Planlet Anggrek Hasil Silangan Dendrobium Morning Sun X Dendrobium Samarai

This experiment aims was to study the effect of the concentration of aloe vera juice and to get the concentration of aloe vera juice which shows better growth of the number of leaves and the number of roots on the Dendrobium orchid plantlet in Hybrid-vitro results. This experiment was carried out at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Winaya Mukti University, which began in May to August 2019. The experimental design was used a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments in 5 replications and the treatments namely: A (0 g L-1 solution), B (25 g L-1 solution), C (50 g L-1 solution), D (75 g L-1 solution), E (100 g L-1 solution). The results showed that consentration of B (25 g L-1 solution), C (50 g L-1 solution), D (75 g L-1 solution) gave plantlet height, number of shoots, number of roots, and root length better than another treatments.

Principales ácaros encontrados en laboratorios comerciales de cultivo de tejidos vegetales y su asociación con hongos en el Valle Central de Costa Rica

Introducción. Los laboratorios dedicados a la producción in vitro de plantas ven afectado su trabajo, debido a la aparición de contaminantes fúngicos o bacterias en los explantes, situa- ción asociada a la presencia de plagas artrópodas como los ácaros. Objetivo. Identificar las principales especies de ácaros y la asociación de estos organismos con contaminantes, como los hongos en diferentes laboratorios comerciales de cultivo de tejidos vegetales en el Valle Central de Costa Rica. Materiales y métodos. Muestras de vitro plantas, provenientes de diversos laboratorios, con problemas de contaminación, causados por ácaros fueron llevados al Laboratorio de Acarología de la Universidad de Costa Rica para la respectiva identificación de los ácaros y los hongos asociados a estos artrópodos. Se comprobó la presencia de los ácaros en los explantes y se identificaron con la ayuda de las claves taxonómicas respectivas. Los hongos asociados con los ácaros se aislaron en medio de cultivo PDA y se identificaron con ayuda de claves taxonómicas especializadas. Resultados. Los ácaros encontrados fueron identificados como Siteroptes reniformis, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Tarsonemus bilobatus y T. fusarii. Se encontró como principal especie a T. putrescentiae (76% de las muestras analizadas). Los hongos Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Leptosphaerulina sp. y Cladosporium sp. se hallaron asociados con el ácaro T. putrescentiae, mientras que Nigrospora oryzae fue el único hongo relacionado con el ácaro S. reniformis. Conclusiones. Los ácaros están asociados con uno o varios hongos según la especie encontrada. Todas las especies de ácaros tienen la capacidad de diseminar las hifas o esporas de los hongos, ya sea acarreándolas sobre la superficie de su cuerpo o por medio de estructuras especializadas. Un aumento en los niveles de contaminación de los explantes cultivados in vitro, podría estar asociado con la presencia de ácaros.

Indonesian sugarcane seed system performance: an assessment from the perspective of institutional and technological innovation support

Provision of plant seeds involves various stakeholders in a relatively complex supply chain, starting from tracing the source of superior seeds, producing, storing, and distributing to the end user. Research on the performance of the Indonesian sugarcane seed system from the perspective of institutional and technological innovation was conducted from March to October 2018. The survey method with snowball sampling and the multidimensional scaling analysis was used in this study. The results showed that the performance of the Indonesian sugarcane seed system was categorized as “pretty good” with a range of performance indexes in each dimension 54.23 - 73.13 and an average index of 65.89. The highest performance is achieved in the organizational dimension, while the lowest is in the dissemination dimension. The lever for improving the performance of seed institutions is the regulation of tariffs and the carrying capacity of tissue culture laboratory infrastructure, while technology licensing partnerships and training for seed producers are levers from the perspective of supporting technological innovation.

Photoautotrophic micropropagation system (PAM): a novel approach deserving increased uptake for commercial plant production

Most commercial plant tissue culture laboratories still use conventional micropropagation systems, requiring air-tight vessels and gelled medium supplemented with sugar. There is, however, a more efficient and economic system available, called “photoautotrophic micropropagation system” (PAM). Application of sugar-free medium and ventilated vessels are the key features of this system, which significantly improves plant physiological processes including photosynthesis and transpiration. The genetic basis for this has become more clear with a recent transcriptomic analysis of potato plantlets cultured on sugar-free medium showing the upregulation of more than 2000 genes, many of which are associated with photosynthesis efficiency and leaf cell development. The cultured plants from PAM exhibit improved vigour and health enabling a faster and smoother acclimatisation stage. Moreover, PAM is amenable to automation and scaling up by using large culture vessels/rooms. Here, we reviewed the recent studies on PAM and the issues/barriers to its commercialisation have also been discussed. Optimal culture conditions as well as different types of culture vessels are also explained.

Terminalia arjuna Leaf Gall: The Possible Treatment for Sickle Cell Anaemia

Objective: To check the presence of various secondary metabolites produced in the plant under study Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight and Arn. post insect attack and gall formation.&#x0D; Study Design: Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight and Arn, a well known plant involved in treating heart ailments in the Ayurvedic system of medicine for centuries. The plant’s astringent bark exhibits cardioprotective properties and is commonly used in the treatment of hypertension, angina and coronary artery disease. T. arjuna plant suffers from gall development in its leaves due to the attack of an hemipteran insect Trioza fletcheri minor. Insect attack acts as a stress stimulus for the plant to produce various bio-active compounds as a part of their defence mechanism. The present study was intended for the identification of various compounds present in the crude extract obtained from the healthy and galled leaves of Terminalia arjuna.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Experiments performed in the Plant pathology and tissue culture laboratory, Department of Botany University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, between April 2018 to March 2019.&#x0D; Methodology: Various methods are employed for the identification of possible bio-active compounds present in the plant crude extract, GC-MS (Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectroscopy) is one such method. To check the presence of phytochemicals produced post insect attack and infection in T. arjuna normal and galled leaves, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) of the methanolic extract was conducted. The normal healthy leaves and the galled leaves were collected, shade dried, pulverized and then soxhlet extracted for GC-MS analysis.&#x0D; Results: GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna leaves and galls confess the presence of 57 compounds in the gall extract while 21 compounds in normal (uninfected) leaf extract. The gall extract revealed the presence of various novel and medicinally important bio-active compounds, one of them was 5-Hydroxy Methyl Furfural (5-HMF). &#x0D; Conclusion: 5-HMF, an aromatic aldehyde is an economically important chemical compound and well-known for its wide application in various fields. It is an efficient anti-sickling agent and has undergone pre-clinical testing as a potential treatment for the fatal sickle cell disease. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various bio-active compounds both in leaf and gall methanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna, thus proving the plant’s pharmaceutical importance. This study result will make a way for further research in plant’s pharmacological research.

Animal Biomedicine Controls Root Knot Disease in Lentil Callus Culture: Enriched Advanced Clinical Toxicology Socio Economy Science Technology Communication by Preventing 21st Century COVID-19 Like Pandemic Diseases

The economic pulse seeds, Lens esculentum L. Cv. ‘Asha’ root callus develop on Murashige and Skoog (MS)-media supplemented with 2 mg/1, 2,4-D (2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid) and inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita larvae (65 ± 2 J2) in the culture tube to study their multiplication rate under sterilized condition in the tissue culture laboratory, and biomedicine-nematode extract (NE) prepared from M. incognita females, when applied at 1.3mg/culture tube to root callus of lentil, reduced nematode infestation of callus and improved callus growth. This animal biomedicine-NE is thought to induce defense-resistance in lentil root callus and may prevent 21st –century pandemics like virus diseases by boosting immunity, resisting toxic effects, and improved biomedicine, advanced in clinical toxicology, green-socio-economy, science technology, and communication application. The biomedicine-NE not only increase agriculture and crop production but also enable the development of a new-generation of nanotechnology-agrochemicals reducing negative-environmental-impacts and maintaining-crop-yields. And both; biomedicine-NE and pulses may itself focus on nanoformulation of agrochemicals and other nanotechnological interdisciplinary future nanotoxicology research and applications in agriculture, and interaction nanomaterials-NE with plants, their environment, and other organisms also.

Influence of explant size, heat treatment, and variety on garlic (Allium sativum L) meristematic tissue growth

Garlic (Allium sativum L) is one of genus Allium sp which propagated vegetatively. In vegetative propagation, virus is one of the major diseases. However, it has been approved that OYDV (Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus) can be eliminated through unconventional propagation techniques. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of explant, variety and heat treatment on the growth and development of explants dealing with virus elimination. The research was conducted on the IVEGRI tissue culture laboratory from May to September 2018. The research was designed using combination between explant types e.g. meristem (E1) and shoot tip (E2), heat treatment (370C) for 1 month, and varieties e.g. Lumbu Hijau (V1); Tawang Mangu (V2); Lumbu Putih (V3). The composition of media consisted of MS + MS vitamine + Sucrose 30 g L-1+ IAA 2 mg L-1 + Kinetin 2 mgL-1 + GA30.01 mgL-1 + Gel gro 2 gL-1, pH 5.7 were used as media growth. The results concluded that explant size, heat treatment and varieties affected percentage of proliferation. The bigger the explant size used, the higher growth percentage resulted. From the average number of shoots, leaves and roots, it also suggested that explant type and varieties affected the explant growth and development. Moreover, it was shown that the culture contamination on 10 WAP ranged from 20% to 55% which generally caused by bacteria. The results of virus testing OYDV on plantlets using DAS ELISA Serology technique showed that the infected cultures ranged from 22.22% to 60 %.

Current State and Development of Micro Propagation of Selected High Value Crops in Ethiopia: A Review

Rapid and mass propagation of clean and quality seedlings in horticulture industry becomes a priority for many countries to supply increasing demand of planting materials. Attempt of exploiting the benefit of heterosis from F1 hybrid and overcoming the shortage of planting materials associated with it needs proper intervention. Tissue culture techniques offer disease free, uniform, and large amount of planting materials. The technique is playing a significant role in advancing agriculture in many developing countries in which the current production has to be doubled by 2050. Specially, countries like Ethiopia in which population growth is very high and food insecurity persist, the need for improved production and productivity through the use of modern technologies become apparent. To feed the tremendously growing population, utilization of biotechnology tools such as micro-propagation in agriculture is helpful. Currently, in Ethiopia, somehow there is a fertile ground to exploit the possible advantage which may be acquired from biotechnology as in the case of sugarcane, banana, pineapple etc. micropropagation that boosted the production. This review is therefore to bold out the development of mass-propagation of selected crops and present the current status of protocol optimization of high value horticultural and spice crops. In the meantime, the development of private tissue culture laboratories makes an encouraging advancement where it has to be largely consolidated and highly linked with innovating laboratories to take over the responsibility of multiplying improved varieties. Thus, it can be concluded that despite the development of biotechnology remains at its early stage, promising results were obtained from micro propagation work and if adequate attention given to rapid development of protocol for mass propagation of high value cash crops, there exist untapped potential of biotechnology in Ethiopia.

KARDELENİN (Galanthus Woronowoii ) İN VİTRO REJENERASYONU

The study was conducted in Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Field Crops Department of Agricultural Faculty of the Ege University in 2019. In the study, the bulbs of Snowdrop (Galanthus woronowii), is one of the geophytes of Turkey, were used as genetic material and were investigated for&nbsp;in vitro&nbsp;regeneration. The effects of different levels of MS+BAP (0.1; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 mg/l) and MS (control) were cultured&nbsp;in vitro. When the results were evaluated; the highest mean for bulb regeneration was obtained MS+4.0 mg/l BAP medium for shoot number (3.3) and shoot length (1.3 cm). Shoots of growing were sub cultured in media containing MS+0.5 mg/l IBA and MS+1.0 mg/l IBA. Medium of MS+ 1.0 IBA had the highest mean for root number (6.0) and root length (4.5 cm). As a result,&nbsp;Galanthus woronowii&nbsp;is to be suitable for&nbsp;in vitro&nbsp;production and can be evaluated for commercial production.

Inisiasi Akar Secara In Vitro pada Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) dengan Modifikasi Media Murashige and Skoog (MS) dan Beberapa Tipe Auksin

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui inisiasi akar stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) pada beberapa tipe auksin: IAA (Indole Acetic Acid), NAA (Napthalene Acetic Acid) dan IBA (Indole-3-Butyric Acid) dengan konsentrasi media Murashige and Skoog (MS): Full MS, 1/2 MS dan 1/4 MS secara in vitro. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai November 2020 di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Jurusan Produksi Pertanian Politeknik Negeri Jember. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah 3 kepekatan media MS : ¼ MS; ½ MS; dan MS Full. Faktor kedua adalah tipe auksin: Tanpa Auksin, IAA, NAA dan IBA. Ketiga auksin tersebut menggunakan konsentrasi 0,2 ppm. Sehingga total ada 12 kombinasi perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Sehingga didapatkan 60 unit percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi MS memberi pengaruh nyata terhadap kemunculan akar sedangkan pada beberapa tipe auksin tidak terlihat perbedaan yang nyata terhadap kemunculan akar. Data hasil pengamatan juga menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara konsentrasi Media MS dan hormon auksin tidak berbeda nyata dalam memacu kemunculan akar. Pada ahir pengamatan (30 HST) jumlah akar tertinggi dengan rata - rata 4,23 terdapat pada perlakuan NAA dengan modifikasi media 1/2 MS.