ABSTRACT This study examines customers’ behavioral intention (BI) to use online food ordering (OFO) systems in Saudi Arabia as an emerging tourism destination. Integrating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and Perceived Risk Theory (PRT), the research analyzes how functional, affective, and risk-related factors influence adoption. Specifically, the study investigates the effects of time-saving orientation (TSO), convenience motivation (CM), and privacy and security (PS) on BI, with hedonic motivation (HM) as a mediating mechanism. Data from 657 experienced Saudi OFO users were analyzed using PLS-SEM. Results indicate that TSO, CM, and PS significantly influence BI. Furthermore, HM partially mediates these relationships, suggesting emotional enjoyment complements functional and risk-based evaluations. Theoretically, this research clarifies HM’s mediating role within the Saudi socio-cultural context. Practically, the findings highlight the necessity of operational efficiency, culturally appropriate convenience, trust-enhancing privacy measures, and engaging platform design for sustained usage. The study’s implications are crucial in enriching hospitality research, theory, and practices as stakeholders, marketers, and managers with knowledge and insights by delineating the benefits of implementing an online ordering system. The results also drive future behavioral research in online community business, tourism, hospitality, and services.

ABSTRACT This paper examines the adaptation of Russia's international air transport network during the first year following its invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Using data from the Official Airline Guide (OAG), the article explores the response of the Russian international air transport network to airspace restrictions imposed on Russian airlines. Despite an initial 41% decline in international capacity, Russia's air connectivity rebounded to near pre-invasion levels by January 2023, with only a 4% overall decrease, suggesting that sanctions were largely ineffective. The geographical reconfiguration was substantial, with country connections, primarily European, dropping from 64 to 34. Simultaneously, Türkiye and the UAE emerged as the top two international markets for Russia, with Istanbul (IST) and Dubai (DBX) airports benefiting strategically. Former Soviet republics in Central Asia, especially Armenia, experienced air seat capacity growth. Within Russia, Moscow's airports remained the main international gateways, while Sochi airport (AER) emerged as a new entry point. Aeroflot maintained its position as the leading international Russian airline, despite capacity reduction, while other Russian airlines showed significant growth. This research contributes to understanding how geopolitical events can reshape international air transport networks, providing empirical evidence of the Russian air transport sector's resilience and adaptability in the face of significant international sanctions.

ABSTRACT Objectives Toxicity color codes on pesticide containers communicate the risk between manufacturers and farmers; however, their effectiveness in developing countries, like Nepal, remains understudied. This study thus aimed to identify factors influencing farmers’ understanding and their correct interpretation of the toxicity color codes. Methods Survey data from 270 households in Kavrepalanchok district, Nepal, was used, where respondents were primary pesticide applicators. Probit regression was run separately to identify the factors influencing (1) the understanding of the meaning of toxicity color codes for the whole sample and (2) correct interpretation of the least toxic color code as green for the sub-sample who responded “YES” to the first question. Finally, ordered probit regression identified factors influencing (3) toxicity color code literacy: illiteracy, partial literacy, or full literacy. Results Of the total respondents, only 49% stated they understood the meaning of toxicity color codes, yet only half of them correctly interpreted the least toxic color code as green. Farmers’ understanding was significantly influenced by location, higher education, when males purchase pesticides, participation in integrated pest management-farmer’s field school training, and prior experience of health effects associated with pesticide use (p < .05). All these factors also significantly influenced toxicity color code literacy. However, females (p = .023) and educated farmers (p = .005) correctly interpreted the least toxic color code as green, highlighting the need for inclusive education-based interventions in risk communication. Conclusion The results show a distinction between self-reported farmers’ understanding of toxicity color codes on pesticide containers and their correct interpretation. We suggest that risk communication interventions be redesigned to improve visual literacy and that gender-sensitive training be included to enhance literacy.

ABSTRACT This paper examines the tensions that inform the curriculum development in Cyprus and Australia, with a focus on the extent to which these include all students. The diachronic analysis of the historical development of tensions entailed a mapping exercise using archival materials linked with curriculum development in each country, leading to their comparison. Curriculum development and tensions are presented separate for each country, and are discussed in the context of existing studies referring to each context. Despite the geographical, historical, cultural and sociopolitical differences of Cyprus and Australia, similar competing tensions are evident. From the analysis five themes emerged: policy borrowing and international policy influences; persistence of special education arrangements; continuing tensions between separate and inclusive curriculum; ‘annexing’ of curriculum for students with disability; and, individualised approach to planning. The paper concludes that ableist thinking is dominant in the wider education policies and curriculum development, despite the inclusive education rhetoric. There is need to keep theorising and researching the curriculum and comparative research adds unique dimensions in this process.

ABSTRACT Integrating the multi-dimensional values of geoheritage landscapes into planning and decision-making is essential for sustainable conservation and development. This article develops a hierarchical and relational geoheritage value framework distinguishing intrinsic geological values, geo-environmental functions, and derived socio-cultural and economic meanings. Focusing on Göreme in Cappadocia, Türkiye, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the study examines its unique landscape of rock formations, valleys, cave dwellings, and monastic complexes. Based on qualitative research combining literature review, archival sources, field observations, stakeholder workshops, and semi-structured interviews, the study systematically identifies and interprets multi-layered geoheritage values through a value typology and relational value matrix. The findings show that Göreme’s significance lies in the functional coherence among geological formations, ecological processes, vernacular architecture, cultural practices, and tourism economies, while revealing tensions between economic valorisation and the preservation of ecological integrity, cultural authenticity, and landscape sustainability, highlighting governance challenges and trade-offs in achieving sustainable conservation and development.

ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of this research is to provide an overview of farmers’ competency needs and their perceptions of the importance of these competencies for innovation. Design/Methodology/Approach In Study 1, a competency model is developed, based on interviews with German farmers and agricultural experts (N = 34), to assess farmers’ competency needs. In Study 2, an online survey (N = 211) examined farmers’ perceptions of the importance of competencies in the model for innovation. Findings The findings indicate that sixteen competencies, categorized into four facets of professional, methodological, social, and personal competence, are perceived as important for innovation processes. The facets of personal, methodological, and professional competence were rated as significantly more important than social competence. Practical Implication The competency model developed in this study provides practical guidance for identifying, developing, and applying innovation competencies among farmers, supporting education, training, recruitment, and succession planning to strengthen innovation capacity in the agricultural sector. Theoretical Implication This study advances the theoretical understanding of innovation competencies in agriculture by contextualizing the FINCODA model, highlighting the need to consider sector-specific factors when modeling individual innovation competence. Originality/Value This paper is the first to identify and model innovation competencies specific to farmers.

SARS-CoV-2 infection disrupts iron homeostasis in organs such as the lung. Emerging evidence suggests similar dysregulation in the placenta may impair function and fetal growth. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, is driven by the accumulation of labile ferrous iron, catalyzing the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the absence of sufficient iron storage or antioxidant defenses. This pathway has been implicated in SARS-CoV-2-related tissue damage in other organs and may contribute to placental dysfunction during pregnancy. However, the influence of infection timing, symptom severity, and fetal sex on placental iron regulation remains unexamined. We analyzed placental samples from a cohort of SARS-CoV-2-exposed pregnancies in the first (n=6), second (n=14), or third trimester (n=30), classified by symptom severity (asymptomatic n=23, symptomatic n=27) and fetal sex, alongside unexposed controls (n=47). We assessed placental iron deposition, lipid peroxidation, and mRNA and protein expression of ferroptosis markers. Publicly available RNA-sequencing datasets from human placenta tissue, exposed or not to SARS-CoV-2, were analyzed to assess ferroptosis-related gene expression. SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in symptomatic cases, was associated with reduced placental weight and birth weight. Asymptomatic cases showed increased placental iron deposition, which correlated with lower birthweight and was accompanied by elevated expression of nuclear receptor coactivator 4, a cytosolic adaptor protein that mediates the selective autophagic degradation of ferritin (ferritinophagy) and iron release. Placentas from symptomatic patients exhibited evidence of altered iron transport and sex-specific down-regulation of antioxidant defenses. Transcriptomic analyses further suggested widespread disruption of ferroptosis pathways in placentas from infected patients. Our findings reveal that SARS-CoV-2 infection alters placental iron homeostasis and is associated with ferroptosis-related changes, with distinct molecular responses based on timing of infection, symptom severity, and fetal sex.

ABSTRACT Can collectively caring for others by engaging in community kitchen contribute to transforming the lived citizenship experiences of women in Mexico City’s peripheries? While collectivizing care work does not necessarily expand formal citizenship rights for women whom traditional citizenship regimes have excluded, we argue that engaging in collective kitchens contributes to redefining their daily experiences, agency, and subjective meanings and feelings about citizenship in both public and private spheres. This transforms their everyday experiences of citizenship. Drawing from research on lived citizenship, we have examined the experiences of three women, using qualitative narratives to illustrate how cooking for others is an act of collective care. In doing so, they assume new social roles within their community, fostering an interpersonal understanding of citizenship as caregivers, intermediaries, and community builders. Second, through action, interactions and the emotions they bring them, those women develop feelings of empowerment, agency, and a sense of belonging to their community.

ABSTRACT AI is transforming design education, yet its role in packaging redesign remains underexplored. This study investigates three questions: how AI-driven tools influence creative ideation and prototyping; what ethical and sustainability dimensions arise; and to what extent Kolb’s experiential learning cycle and Cross’s designerly ways of knowing enhance student outcomes. Grounded in these frameworks, a qualitative study was conducted with 21 undergraduate design students. Through a three-phase process – problem identification, AI-assisted ideation, and physical prototyping – six representative projects were selected via maximum-variation sampling. Data from expert review sessions, ethnographic observations, and reflective journals show that AI accelerates iterative prototyping, improves structural integrity and aesthetics, and promotes sustainability and digital literacy, while surfacing concerns about algorithmic bias and data privacy. These results offer practitioners actionable guidelines for integrating AI into packaging design curricula, bridging theory and practice and preparing students to address real-world design challenges. They inform future curriculum development fostering responsible, innovative designers.

ABSTRACT The content creator industry is growing and evolving, with creators assuming increasingly prominent roles in society through the generation and circulation of content that impacts audiences’ online and offline lives. This expansion is occurring regardless of the precarious and uncertain nature of content creation. Against this backdrop, this study explores creators’ sensemaking approaches and their characteristics. In this paper we focus on two aspects of creators’ sensemaking: the non-rational and non-utilitarian sources of understanding that we term enchanted sensemaking. Our conceptualization incorporates three theoretical perspectives on enchantment: Weber's (2004) (dis)enchantment of modernity, Gell’s (1994) enchantment of technology, and Huizinga’s (1943) enchantment of play to examine creator cultures. It considers previous research exploring aspects of enchantment towards digital and algorithmic media. Through 30 semi-structured interviews in two countries (Spain and Switzerland), complemented by a visual elicitation method, this paper contributes to the field of creator studies by: (1) conceptualizing creators’ enchanted sensemaking and its types; (2) identifying the instances and modes of enchanted sensemaking and (3) illustrating how these sensemaking approaches influence content creation decisions and impact overall ecosystem dynamics.