Three-dimensional Transformation Research Articles

Three-dimensional matter wave soliton transformation between different optical lattices in a cold Rydberg atomic system

We present a novel approach to realize three-dimensional (3D) matter wave solitons (MWSs) transformation between different optical potential wells by manipulating their depths and centers. The 3D MWSs are obtained by the square operator method, and transformed to other types (elliptical/ring/necklace) by performing time evolution with the split-step Fourier method. The effectiveness and reliability of our approach is demonstrated by comparing the transformed solitons with those obtained iteratively using the square operator method. Redistribution of MWSs are observed due to the modulation of potentials. In certain complex optical potential wells, we demonstrate the generation of exotic MWSs, such as double gyration modes, through this transformation approach. Overall, the controllable soliton transformation provides an excellent opportunity for all-optical switching, optical information processing, and various other applications.

DiffFit: Visually-Guided Differentiable Fitting of Molecule Structures to a Cryo-EM Map.

We introduce DiffFit, a differentiable algorithm for fitting protein atomistic structures into an experimental reconstructed Cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) volume map. In structural biology, this process is necessary to semi-automatically composite large mesoscale models of complex protein assemblies and complete cellular structures that are based on measured cryo-EM data. The current approaches require manual fitting in three dimensions to start, resulting in approximately aligned structures followed by an automated fine-tuning of the alignment. The DiffFit approach enables domain scientists to fit new structures automatically and visualize the results for inspection and interactive revision. The fitting begins with differentiable three-dimensional (3D) rigid transformations of the protein atom coordinates followed by sampling the density values at the atom coordinates from the target cryo-EM volume. To ensure a meaningful correlation between the sampled densities and the protein structure, we proposed a novel loss function based on a multi-resolution volume-array approach and the exploitation of the negative space. This loss function serves as a critical metric for assessing the fitting quality, ensuring the fitting accuracy and an improved visualization of the results. We assessed the placement quality of DiffFit with several large, realistic datasets and found it to be superior to that of previous methods. We further evaluated our method in two use cases: automating the integration of known composite structures into larger protein complexes and facilitating the fitting of predicted protein domains into volume densities to aid researchers in identifying unknown proteins. We implemented our algorithm as an open-source plugin (github.com/nanovis/DiffFit) in ChimeraX, a leading visualization software in the field. All supplemental materials are available at osf.io/5tx4q.

Explainable early detection of Alzheimer’s disease using ROIs and an ensemble of 138 3D vision transformers

Early detection and accurate diagnosis of brain morphological abnormalities are essential for the effective management and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful support tool to aid in disease diagnosis and prediction. In this research study, we present an innovative approach to predict Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using MRI data, which integrates regional interest (ROI)-based methodology and deep learning within a comprehensible framework. The proposed method involves dividing the brain into 138 predetermined sections based on anatomical information. Next, we apply three-dimensional vision transformers (3D-ViTs) to each ROI individually, harnessing the power of deep learning. To improve prediction accuracy, we employ a deep belief network (DBN) as an ensemble learning model. Evaluating our approach on the baseline structural MRI dataset obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort, and comparing it against five other competing models, we demonstrate its performance across four binary classification tasks and a three-class classification test (AD vs MCI vs CN (Cognitively Normal)). The proposed system outperforms existing models and provides interpretable insights into the brain regions that significantly contribute to solving each classification problem. Our findings align with the existing body of literature and hold promise for guiding future research directions in this domain.

An Eco-Translatological Study of the English Version of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China IV

With the rapid development of China’s foreign relations, the effective dissemination of external publicity texts through high-quality translations has become a pivotal task in enhancing communication between China and the world. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China IV compiles President Xi Jinping’s speeches, talks, addresses, instructions, and congratulatory letters during his presidency, offering significant insights into Chinese political culture. This paper employs Eco-translatology to identify representative cases from the book and analyze the application of translation principles, strategies, and techniques in translating Chinese political texts. Specifically, the study examines translators’ adaptation and selection practices. It investigates the three-dimensional transformations of language, culture, and communication within the English rendition of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China IV.

Research on Subtitle Translation from the Perspective of Eco-Translatology’s Three-Dimensional Transformation Theory:

As a comprehensive medium that integrates visual, auditory, and narrative arts, film serves as a carrier for cultural transmission. In the context of rapid economic development and accelerated globalization, movies have become important vehicles for showcasing the cultural and historical richness of different countries. In recent years, Chinese films have emerged prolifically, gaining attention worldwide and not only providing entertainment for foreign audiences but also actively promoting the dissemination of Chinese culture and values globally (Fan Xiaodi, 2020). To help foreign viewers better understand Chinese films and foster cultural exchange and development among nations, this paper analyzes the subtitle translation of the film "The Wandering Earth" through the lens of ecological translation studies, applying the three-dimensional transformation theory. Additionally, the study explores potential issues in subtitle translation, such as free translation and cultural conflicts. By analyzing the subtitle translation of "The Wandering Earth," this paper underscores the importance of ecological translation perspectives in subtitle studies, which can enhance the international competitiveness and cultural recognition of Chinese films, while also providing insights into future directions for subtitle translation research.

Research on Publicity Translation of International Sports Events Based on Eco-Translatology—A Case Study of Hangzhou Asian Games

The paper takes the perspective of Eco-translatology and focuses on the translation of publicity materials in international sports events. The official website of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou was selected as the research object and “three-dimensional transformations” were adopted as the research methods. The study analyses the causes of the strategies used in the translation and provides corresponding translation methods such as combination, transliteration, recreation and omission based on the linguistic, cultural and communicative dimensions. The research aims to provide references and reflections for the future publicity translation of international sports events when telling Chinese stories and promoting Chinese culture going abroad.

A Study on ChatGPT Film and Television Subtitle Translation from the Perspective of Three-Dimensional Transformation---Take The Story of Minglan for example

Based on the theory of Eco-translatology, this article conducts a study on the subtitle translation of the overseas version of the TV drama The Story of Minglan from the perspective of “three-dimensional transformation,” focusing on the translation generated by ChatGPT, and comparing them with Google Translation, Baidu Translation, and DeepL Translation, aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT in subtitle translation for films and television shows. Firstly, this research employs a quantitative analysis method by using two automatic assessment metrics, BLEU and TER, in order to quantify translation quality. Furthermore, case study and qualitative analysis methods are used to compare and analyze the differences in accuracy, linguistic fluency, and cultural adaptability between the YouTube subtitles of the overseas version of The Story of Minglan and the translation generated by ChatGPT from the perspectives of language, culture, and communication. The results indicate that while ChatGPT translations exhibit some readability, the model still shows limitations in handling ideological issues, cultural transmission, emotional capture, and translation accuracy.

Technology and Research on Improving Oil Recovery by Volume Fracturing with Phase Change Permeability in Ultra-low Permeability Reservoirs

Abstract The conventional water injection development production wells in ultra-low permeability reservoirs have low efficiency, low production and low liquid content, and poor economic benefits. Traditional water drive development techniques are difficult to adapt to the requirements of economically effective development in ultra-low permeability reservoirs. Therefore, it is urgent to adjust development ideas and transform water injection development methods. A major development experiment was carried out in the Y284 area of Huaqing Oilfield to transform the water injection development method. Based on the mechanism of reverse osmosis flooding in oil recovery wells, this article uses dynamic monitoring technologies such as downhole microseismic to achieve three-dimensional reservoir transformation, and establishes a large-scale fracturing technology of “collaborative permeability flooding, volume fracturing, and multi-stage temporary plugging” for reverse osmosis wells in ultra-low permeability reservoirs. Research has shown that large-scale fracturing technology for water injection wells can improve single well oil recovery speed by increasing the complexity of fracture networks. The important factors affecting the effectiveness of water injection wells include reservoir properties, fracturing transformation scale, cumulative water injection volume, remaining oil distribution, and heterogeneity of aquifers. At the same time, the construction parameters of large-scale volume fracturing for water injection wells, namely 140-170m, are quantitatively determined based on the actual situation of the mining field ³ The amount of sand added, a sand ratio of 17-22%, and a large displacement of 8-10m3/min, 1400-2000m ³ The amount of liquid entering the ground can most effectively achieve the conditions for reservoir transformation. The conclusion is that large-scale fracturing technology for conversion wells provides technical support for volume fracturing and optimization design of fracturing parameters for low production wells in ultra-low permeability reservoirs, and can provide guidance and reference for the efficient development of other similar ultra-low permeability reservoirs.

CryoTEN: Efficiently Enhancing Cryo-EM Density Maps Using Transformers.

Cryogenic Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) is a core experimental technique used to determine the structure of macromolecules such as proteins. However, the effectiveness of cryo-EM is often hindered by the noise and missing density values in cryo-EM density maps caused by experimental conditions such as low contrast and conformational heterogeneity. Although various global and local map sharpening techniques are widely employed to improve cryo-EM density maps, it is still challenging to efficiently improve their quality for building better protein structures from them. In this study, we introduce CryoTEN - a three-dimensional U-Net style transformer to improve cryo-EM maps effectively. CryoTEN is trained using a diverse set of 1,295 cryo-EM maps as inputs and their corresponding simulated maps generated from known protein structures as targets. An independent test set containing 150 maps is used to evaluate CryoTEN, and the results demonstrate that it can robustly enhance the quality of cryo-EM density maps. In addition, the automatic de novo protein structure modeling shows that the protein structures built from the density maps processed by CryoTEN have substantially better quality than those built from the original maps. Compared to the existing state-of-the-art deep learning methods for enhancing cryo-EM density maps, CryoTEN ranks second in improving the quality of density maps, while running > 10 times faster and requiring much less GPU memory than them. The source code and data is freely available at https://github.com/jianlin-cheng/cryoten.

Three-Dimensional Lorentz-Invariant Velocities

Lorentz invariance underlies special relativity, and the energy formula and relative velocity formula are well known to be invariant under a Lorentz transformation. Here, we determine the functional forms in terms of four arbitrary functions for those three dimensional velocity fields that are automatically invariant under the most general fully three-dimensional Lorentz transformation. For general three-dimensional motion, using rectangular Cartesian coordinates (x,y,z), we determine the first-order partial differential equations for the three velocity components u(x,y,z,t), v(x,y,z,t) and w(x,y,z,t) in the x−, y− and z−directions respectively. These partial differential equations and the associated partial differential relations connecting energy and momentum are fully compatible with the Lorentz-invariant energy–momentum relations and appear not to have been given previously in the literature. We determine the spatial and temporal dependence of the functional forms for those three-dimensional velocity fields that are automatically invariant under three-dimensional Lorentz transformations. An interesting special case gives rise to families of particle paths for which the magnitude of the velocity is the speed of light. This is indicative of the abundant possibilities existing in the “fast lane”.

Three-dimensional Transformation and Information Reorganization in Chinese-English Translation of Press Conference

Three-dimensional Transformation and Information Reorganization in Chinese-English Translation of Press Conference

Drama Costumes and Character Shaping: Visual Narrative from Desk Design to Stage Costume

Outstanding theatrical costume is not only the crystallization of the designer's efforts, but also plays a vital role in the process of characterization. It not only reveals the identity of the character, but also adds color to the actor's performance and makes the character image more layered and beautiful. From the desktop design to the production and presentation of stage costumes is a two-dimensional to three-dimensional transformation process, this process not only involves how the designer through the conception, design and production of clothing to interpret the role of the era in which the background of the regional environment, personality traits, inner feelings, future destiny, etc.; also involves the costume and other departments is how to communicate and collaborate with the audience to present a vivid stage Performance. Throughout the process, the costume design department has to go through the process of conceptualizing the character image, drawing the costume rendering, communicating and negotiating with other departments, and then determining the style, color and fabric of the costume, and then starting the production and finally presenting it to the audience on the stage, so as to complete the shaping of the character's image and the role of its visual narrative.

A Comparative Study on the English Translation of The Travel Dairies of Xu Xiake from the Perspective of Eco-translatology

Chinese classics are one of the representatives of traditional Chinese culture, and translating excellent classics is a way to inherit and spread brilliant Chinese culture. The Travel Dairies of Xu Xiake is of great value, and its two latest English translations, namely The Travels of Xu Xiake translated by Lu Changhuai and Jia Xiuhai and The Travel Dairies of Xu Xiake by Li Weirong et al. (i.e. the version of “Library of Chinese Classics”), are selected. The two translations of its first diary entitled “A Visit to the Tiantai Mountain” and “Tiantai SHAN” respectively are selected as main research objects. Based on the three-dimensional transformations of eco-translatology, the two translations are compared and analyzed in linguistic, cultural and communicative dimensions, and the reasons why the latter is superior to the former are concluded in hopes of providing certain references for the translation of similar Chinese classics, helping more Chinese classics enter the world, and further promoting the improvement of Chinese cultural soft power.

Strain to shine: stretching-induced three-dimensional symmetries in nanoparticle-assembled photonic crystals

Stretching elastic materials containing nanoparticle lattices is common in research and industrial settings, yet our knowledge of the deformation process remains limited. Understanding how such lattices reconfigure is critically important, as changes in microstructure lead to significant alterations in their performance. This understanding has been extremely difficult to achieve due to a lack of fundamental rules governing the rearrangements. Our study elucidates the physical processes and underlying mechanisms of three-dimensional lattice transformations in a polymeric photonic crystal from 0% to over 200% strain during uniaxial stretching. Corroborated by comprehensive experimental characterizations, we present analytical models that precisely predict both the three-dimensional lattice structures and the macroscale deformations throughout the stretching process. These models reveal how the nanoparticle lattice and matrix polymer jointly determine the resultant structures, which breaks the original structural symmetry and profoundly changes the dispersion of photonic bandgaps. Stretching induces shifting of the main pseudogap structure out from the 1st Brillouin zone and the merging of different symmetry points. Evolutions of multiple photonic bandgaps reveal potential optical singularities shifting with strain. This work sets a new benchmark for the reconfiguration of soft material structures and may lay the groundwork for the study of stretchable three-dimensional topological photonic crystals.

A Study on the Subtitle Translation of Moon Man from the Perspective of Eco-Translatology

With the deepening of cultural exchanges among countries, film subtitle translation plays an increasingly important role in cultural exchanges. The quality of subtitle translation will also directly affect the speed of international transmission of Chinese films. The science fiction comedy, Moon Man, contains many humorous language, superb sets and stunning effects to make the film stand out. This paper intends to study Moon Man's subtitle from the perspective of Eco-Translatology, analyze the ecological environment of film translation, and illustrate how the translator adapts and selects translation to adapt to the translation ecological environment from the perspective of three-dimensional transformation, and achieve the maximum multi-dimensional selective adaptation and adaptive selection.

Formation mechanism and elimination method of joint defects in lattice structures printed by metal droplet deposition manufacturing

Benefiting from the dense inner microstructure and smooth bead-like surface morphology, metal droplet deposition manufacturing (MDDM) is advantageous in manufacturing small metallic lattice structures, which have great potential in advanced aerospace, energy, and robotics applications. However, the improper top-layer droplet distance leads to joint defects in the printed lattices and deteriorates the forming accuracy. Moreover, if the substrate temperature and inclined angle increase, joint defects may occur even if the top-layer droplets are at an ideal distance due to droplet oscillation. This work proposes a novel method to eliminate joint defects by re-placing the joint region droplets to an ideal center distance. To this end, the dynamics of top-layer droplets (impact, spread, recoil, and oscillation) were investigated by combining morphology analysis and high-speed photography (Ts = 673 K, θ = 45°). A theoretical model was established to obtain the parameter range of defect-free joints through a series of bifurcate lattice printing experiments. Then, the morphology and generation mechanism of cumulative joint defects in the lattices at higher temperatures and angles (Ts = 773 K, θ = 60°) were analyzed. A parameter window of joint morphology with different values of inclined angle, substrate temperature, and top-layer droplet distance was established for predicting potential defects in the printing trace. Next, a novel method was proposed to remove redundant droplets and re-place top-layer droplet coordinates into the ideal center distance. Furthermore, the printing strategy was expanded to multi-truss lattices using three-dimensional transformation matrixes. Finally, multiple cells bifurcate, triangular, and pyramid lattices were successfully printed with perfect joints. The height deviation of joint regions is <5 % of the droplet diameter, verifying the feasibility of the proposed strategy. This work represents a further step towards MDDM printing of high-quality truss lattice structures and other complex 3D architectures.

Modern approaches to compression and noise resistant encoding of photo and video information in radio channels of complexes with unmanned aerial vehicle

Modern complexes with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) of long flight duration (heavy class) are in practice equipped with a wide range of target loads, which leads to the need to transmit a large amount of useful information in real time with the required quality to a remote ground control station (GCS). The large volume of transmitted information imposes serious technical requirements on the capacity of communication channels, which, on the one hand, when designing communication systems within UAVs, is ensured by the use of directional antenna systems, multi-position signal-code structures, noise-resistant coding, high energy in the communication channel, etc. On the other hand, developers simultaneously solve the problem of minimizing the amount of information from target loads supplied to the input of the communication system while maintaining the required quality after compression. This article discusses the main information compression standards used by CUAVs developers, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as video codecs based on three-dimensional orthogonal transformations.

A study on the Translation of Taglines of the Real Housewives of Atlanta under the Perspective of Ecological Translatology

With the acceleration of globalization, film and television subtitle translation, as a new form of translation, is developing rapidly. After translating the American reality show The Real Housewives of Atlanta, this paper focuses on the analysis of the tagline translation at the beginning of each episode to find the most suitable translation. Guided by the theory of ecological translation, this paper analyzes the case of original subtitle translation from the perspective of “three-dimensional transformation” of ecological translation to provide feasible translation strategies for future subtitle translation from the perspective of ecological translatology. As the tagline of each guest at the beginning of the show, it is very distinctive. How to translate it reasonably is a problem worth thinking about. Based on the ecological translation theory, the translator analyzes and summarizes the Declaration from three aspects: linguistic dimension, cultural dimension and communicative dimension.

Study on the Application of Eco-translatology in Legal Translation

This paper aims to analyze the application of Eco-translatology theory in legal translation. Eco-translatology theory emphasizes achieving adaptability through multidimensional transformation, including linguistic, cultural, and communicative dimensions. Taking the common high-frequency term in legal texts as an example, this paper explores its specific application methods in legal translation using three-dimensional transformation theory. By analyzing some translation examples of relevant laws in the People's Republic of China, the paper demonstrates adaptive transformations in language, culture, and communication dimensions. It argues that the application of Eco-translatology theory in legal translation facilitates the accurate conveyance of legal concepts, promotes cross-cultural communication, enhances the comprehensibility and applicability of legal documents, thereby realizing the efficacy and justice of the law.

生态翻译学视角下的电影字幕翻译

Eco-translatology holds that, under the constraints of language, culture, and communication in the interactive context, translators should adapt to the translation ecological environment and choose translation strategies reasonably, in order to achieve translation ecological balance. As one of the genres of literary translation, film subtitle translation is also an effective way to promote Chinese culture to go global. Taking the film Chang An as an example, this paper discusses the application of the “three-dimensional transformation” of Ecotranslatology in subtitle translation. It points out that translators should not only consider the commonalities between translation of subtitle and general literature, but also adapt to its specificities, and pay attention to the transformation of the two languages in terms of linguistic, cultural and communicative dimensions, so as to facilitate cross-cultural communication.