Translation Of Text Research Articles

Analisis Metode Penerjemahan dalam Novel “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland”

Comparing the translation of literary works and the translation of scientific texts shows the differences in terms of complexity and challenges. One example of a literary work is a novel. Novels with figurative language and idiomatic expressions certainly need to be translated accurately for the target readers. This study aims to explain the translation methods used in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The data sources in this study are taken from the original English novel published by D. Appleton and Co in 1866 and the Indonesian translation translated by Inkraian in 2015 published through wattpad. The research was conducted using the translation method proposed by Newmark (1998). The results show that there are seven translation methods used in translating Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, namely 6 data for literal translation, 6 data for free translation, 5 data for faithful translation, 4 data for communicative translation, 4 data for adaptation translation, 3 data for semantic translation, and 2 data for idiomatic translation.

Adaptive multi-task learning for speech to text translation

End-to-end speech to text translation aims to directly translate speech from one language into text in another, posing a challenging cross-modal task particularly in scenarios of limited data. Multi-task learning serves as an effective strategy for knowledge sharing between speech translation and machine translation, which allows models to leverage extensive machine translation data to learn the mapping between source and target languages, thereby improving the performance of speech translation. However, in multi-task learning, finding a set of weights that balances various tasks is challenging and computationally expensive. We proposed an adaptive multi-task learning method to dynamically adjust multi-task weights based on the proportional losses incurred during training, enabling adaptive balance in multi-task learning for speech to text translation. Moreover, inherent representation disparities across different modalities impede speech translation models from harnessing textual data effectively. To bridge the gap across different modalities, we proposed to apply optimal transport in the input of end-to-end model to find the alignment between speech and text sequences and learn the shared representations between them. Experimental results show that our method effectively improved the performance on the Tibetan-Chinese, English-German, and English-French speech translation datasets.

Teknik Penerjemahan Google Translate dan Subtitle YouTube Indonesia Arab; Serial Nussa “Rarra Sakit”

This research analyzes translation techniques in the official YouTube subtitles for the "Rarra Pain" episode and Google Translate results. With a descriptive qualitative approach, the main data is Indonesian text and Arabic translation from Google Translate and YouTube subtitles. Data collection techniques include documentation, observation, and analysis using content analysis to identify translation techniques. The results of the analysis show that Google Translate uses literal and automatic techniques that are less contextual and sometimes rigid. In contrast, YouTube subtitles exhibit a variety of more adaptive techniques such as literal, modulation, amplification, and reduction. YouTube subtitles more effectively convey messages with appropriate cultural and idiomatic nuances. For series like Nussa, which contain cultural nuances and colloquial language, YouTube subtitles effectively convey the message to Arabic-speaking viewers. This research provides important insights for the development of better translation techniques, especially for children's content.

METAPHOR AS A MEANS OF THE LINGUO-CULTURAL CONCEPT “AMERICAN DREAM” VERBALIZATION – TRANSLATION ASPECT

The purpose of the article is to consider the problem of verbalization of the linguistic and cultural concept AMERICAN DREAM through metaphor in the works of F. S. Fitzgerald and in translations by M. Pinchevsky. The theoretical and methodological basis of our research isthe scientific works of O. Borysova, A. Bondarenko, O. Vorobiova, O. Ladyka, A. Ogar and others. The research methodology is comprehensive, using various methods and techniques, including the translation-comparative method of analyzing original and translated texts with the use of elements of contextual and quantitative analysis.The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the functions of F. S. Fitzgerald’s linguistic and stylistic devices were identified and investigated, namely, the construction of the figurative and conceptual structure of the work. The article reveals the concept, paying special attention to metaphors, their classification, use, and translation. The results of the study of the problem of verbalization of the linguistic and cultural concept AMERICAN DREAM through metaphor in F. S. Fitzgerald’s works and in M. Pinchevsky’s translations reveal the conceptual, syntactic and semantic components of the considered expressive means in the translation aspect, as well as show the differences in the language norms of English and Ukrainian, which is of great importance for improving the methods translation of texts loaded with linguistic and stylistic techniques.

التناوب اللغوي والهوية المشتتة في ترجمة عابد إسماعيل لرواية فادية فقير اسمي سلمى

ode-switching is a sociolinguistic phenomenon that refers to the shift between various languages in speaking or writing and it is employed by speakers or authors for different linguistic, social and political reasons. This study examines the significance of code-switching in the formulation of diasporic identity in the Syrian poet and translator Abed Ismael's translation of the Jordanian-British author Fadia Faqir's My Name Is Salma (2007). The researchers propose that authors in diaspora use code-switching so as to return home linguistically/textually. However, we argue that the use of code-switching poses problems in the translation of the source text. -The methodology in this study follows a descriptive approach to analyze data concerning code-switching that Faqir employs in the original novel and their translations by Ismael. The researchers classify and list the codes used by both writers and study the connections between them. Faqir’s usage of code switching is based on her construction of Arab culture as a culture of shame, which is foreign to the English culture. Via the employment of code switching, Ismael also shows that everything is foreign for Salma in England. Exoticism and fragmentation lead to a state of indecisiveness and in-betweenness that demands sacrificing identity, language, and even home.

『시진핑 국정운영을 말하다』에 관한 번역수사학적 연구

As interaction between countries becomes increasingly frequent, the importance of foreign publicity becomes evident. Among them, the role of translation is very crucial in foreign publicity. This study aimed to analyze how political texts were translated into Korean based on the perspective of rhetoric, with Xi Jinping: The Governance of China as the research subject. Through this, it was found that the rhetorical methods used in Xi Jinping: The Governance of China are divided into quotation, metaphor, parallelism, and antithesis, and as a result of based on these analyses, it was found that the translator mainly used methods such as literal translation, free translation, adaptation, Chinese character notation, addition, semantic interpretation, omission, etc. Also, inappropriate expressions were found while analyzing the Korean translation. At the same time, opinions were also presented to correct these. Through this study, it is hoped that it will help in conducting translation or foreign publicity projects of other political texts including “Xi Jinping: The Governance of China” in the future.

An experimental study of the impact of machine translation on translation quality

The article is devoted to the study of the impact of machine translation (MT) engines (Onlinedoctranslator and DeepLTranslate) on the quality of target text in the field of psychiatry. The translation quality was determined by the number of errors and quality of rendering psychiatric terminology. The modern translation market offers many online engines designed to help with and accelerate the translation of texts in the field of psychiatry, which is in a state of constant developing, evolution and changes. It is important to determine whether there is a difference in the efficiency of different MT engines. In conducting our research, we formulated a hypothesis, selected a psychiatric text rich in psychiatric terminology, compiled a bilingual dictionary based on the selected text, selected MT engines and the procedure of evaluating errors, analyzed target texts in terms of general quality and psychiatric terminology, processed the experimental data and represented the results in tables providing an expert assessment of the empirical data and formulated conclusions. In conducting the experiment, the hypothesis was confirmed: different MT engines provide different quality of translation. According to the results of the study, DeepL Translate was found to be more efficient. However, errors of all types still occur, so a thorough post-editing of the target texts is required. It was also found that there is an important area in the field of psychiatry, which the researched MT systems cannot cope with. This area is a matter of tact, which requires an understanding of the nuances of the source text and appropriate subject knowledge.

Analyzing Translation Errors of Trainee Translators: A Case Study on Tourism Promotional Material

The present study aims to scrutinize the trainee translators’ errors in their translations of tourism promotional material, a brochure, from Turkish into English. Thus, this study is designed as a descriptive qualitative research and corroborated with quantitative analysis, presenting a thorough analysis of the translated texts based on the American Translation Association (ATA) translation error taxonomy. The framework of this study employs Corder’s taxonomy of phases for error analysis, namely, selection of a text, identification of errors, classification of errors, and explanation of possible reasons for those errors. The data discussed in this paper derive from the translated texts of fifteen trainee translators i.e., third- and fourth-year T&I students at a private university enrolled in the Cultural Aspects of Translation and Interpretation course. The results revealed a statistical difference between the main error categories. According to the findings, trainee translators made most errors in the form of the language, i.e. target language mechanics, followed by errors in meaning and errors in writing quality. In acting as a “cultural mediator” in tourism text translations, trainees have also been found to be not so effective as they are supposed to be. With the results unfolded, it is hoped to benefit to both translation professors and trainees themselves.

Tibetan Buddhism: artistic, literary, and social legacy

Since the 7th century, Tibetan culture and society have been profoundly influenced by Buddhism. This paper aims to explore how Buddhism has shaped Tibetan aesthetics, music, literature, and social structures and to understand its enduring role in Tibetan identity and history. Employing a qualitative research methodology that includes historical analysis, textual interpretation, and ethnographic studies, the paper investigates the development of a unique Tibetan aesthetic tradition, the establishment of monasteries and the monastic system, and the translation and creation of Buddhist texts. Findings reveal that Buddhism has significantly impacted Tibetan art by fostering the creation of intricate religious art forms like thangkas and mandalas, which are central to Tibetan Buddhist practice and reflect a profound spiritual connection between art and religion. The influence of Buddhism on Tibetan literature is evident in the rich body of original, translated, and adapted texts that have shaped Tibetan literary culture and transmitted Buddhist values and philosophies. Furthermore, Buddhism's centrality in Tibetan society is underscored by the establishment of monasteries and the monastic system, which have been pivotal in preserving Tibetan heritage and culture, providing essential services, and acting as beacons of learning and compassion within the community. The paper recommends further research into the specific ways Buddhist philosophy has influenced Tibetan art and music, the impact of various Buddhist canonical texts on Tibetan literature, and the continuing influence of Buddhism on modern Tibetan society.

The Ten Commandments in Old Frisian: Their Form and Content

Abstract This study discusses the relationship amongst the five surviving versions of the Ten Commandments in Old Frisian, which are collectively preserved in eight manuscripts and in one incunable. These versions do not follow the Vulgate text verbatim, but rather include interferences from other texts. As the author intends to show, the compiler of the version of the Ten Commandments in the First Rüstring Manuscript aimed to produce a comprehensive list of precepts by including the Great Commandment, and had a source close to Honorius’s De decem plagis Aegypti spiritualiter at their disposal. The text in Haet is Riocht? may have influenced the vernacular rendition of the Mosaic Law preserved in Codex Aysma. Lastly, the versions preserved in the First and Second Hunsingo Manuscripts and one of the two versions attested by Codex Unia seem to be independent translations of a single Latin text, which survives in Unia.

Revolutionising Translation Technology: A Comparative Study of Variant Transformer Models - BERT, GPT, and T5

Recently, transformer-based models have reshaped the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly in the domain of Machine Translation (MT). this study explores three revolutionary transformer models: Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT), and Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer (T5). The study delves into their architecture, capabilities, and applications in the context of translation technology. The study begins by discussing the evolution of machine translation from rule-based to statistical machine translation and finally to transformer models. The models have distinct architectures and purposes which pushed the limits of MT and have been instrumental in revolutionising the field. The study found significant contributions of the models in the advancement of NLP tasks including translation technology. Using comparative approach, the study further elaborates on each model’s design and utility. BERT is strong in excelling in tasks requiring a deep understanding of the context. GPT is excellent for tasks such as text generation, translation and creative writing. While the strengths of T5 is text-to-text framework by simplifying the taskspecific architectures, making it easy to perform different NLP tasks. Recognising these models’ unique features allows translators to select the best one for particular translation tasks and adjust them for better accuracy, fluency, and cultural relevance in translations. The study concludes that the models bridge language barriers, improve cross-cultural communication and pave way for more accurate and natural translations in the future. The study also points out that language processing models are continually evolving but understanding BERT, GPT, and T5’s specific features is key for ongoing development in translation technology.

Kültürel Geçmişin İzini Sürme Aracı Olarak Dil İçi Çeviri: Şair Nigâr’ın Günlükleri Üzerinden Geliştirilen Saptamalar

Transferring texts from the past to the present can be achieved thanks to intralingual translation. Intralingual analysis of ancient language usages is important to bring to light the data that will be evaluated especially in terms of social history. As a current intralingual translation product, Nigâr Hanım's diaries attract attention in many ways: They should be considered as texts that will provide data for multifaceted discussions, both in terms of reflecting the cultural characteristics of the past and in the context of the diversity of methods applied by the translator. The texts that reflect Nigâr Hanım's inner world presented to today's readers have a multifaceted content that cannot be considered as purely subjective monologues: Through the diaries written as the expression of personal thoughts, the target text recipient could expand his cultural knowledge of the period. Translator Zeynep Berktaş has been able to preserve this feature of the text by choosing to present a translation text that remains faithful to the original to the target text reader. The professional intralingual translation demonstrates the possibilities of presenting an understandable text to today's target audience, while adhering to the original, thanks to the selection of methods applied. Key words: intralingual translation, translation methods, Poet Nigâr Hanım, diary, culture

PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATION OF PROFESSIONALLY ORIENTED SPEECH

The article analyzes the concept of translation of professionally oriented speech in the scientific studies of foreign and domestic researchers. In the modern world, the development of social sciences, technology, culture, and social relations is impossible without knowledge of what has been done and what achievements there are in these fields in other countries. Globalization, combined with advances in communication technologies and social media, has led to a noticeable increase in professionals capable of professional communication in an intercultural space, possessing translation competence, which allows, in particular, the use of international experience reflected in foreign language professional literature. In this regard, the relevance of adequate translation of professionally oriented texts in any field is increasing. The purpose of the research is to study and analyze the main features of the translation of special texts. The basis of the research is formed by such methods as theoretical analysis of domestic and foreign sources, generalization, systematization, lexical and component analysis. The result of the study is the selection and analysis of the most frequent features that arise during the translation of specialized texts. The obtained data allow us to speak about the predominance of word combinations, most of which are translated literally, namely by tracing, that is, have a specific analogue in the translated language, which allows us to draw a conclusion about the development and further development of the terminological system of special texts. The obtained results can be applied in teaching practice and be used in foreign language classes in higher educational institutions to solve the problem of students’ translation problems.

An Analysis of College Students’ Morphological Error in Translating Recount Text from Indonesia to English Using Surface Strategy Taxonomy

This study aims to determine what morphological level errors appear in college students' translation of recount texts from Indonesian to English based on Dulay's theory of surface strategy taxonomy. Referring on this theory, errors are divided into omission, addition, mis-formation and mis-ordering. This study was conducted in a descriptive qualitative method. The population was the members of UKM Bahasa Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung with the sample used in this study were 15 members of UKM Bahasa taken with random sampling technique by sharing the Google Form link to all the population and only collected 15 participants. The data of this study were participants' translation results in translating recount text from Indonesian to English, which they sent in the Google Form link. The result of this study shows that there are 130 morphological errors made by students in translating recount text. The most common morphological error is inflectional error, which appears 37 times; the least common is pronoun error, and the auxiliary error, which appears 6 times. Meanwhile, the most common error in the surface level of taxonomy strategy is mis-formation error which appears 58 times, followed by omission error 42 times and addition error 30 times. In this study, researchers did not find any mis-ordering errors that appeared.

O nowym przekładzie legendy "Рамадан-бегови сараи" Antona Straszimirowa (uwagi tłumaczki)

The author is a professor of Slavic studies and a translator of Bulgarian literature. In her article, she deals with the problem of new translations of such Bulgarian texts, which have already been translated into Polish once. So, she tries to get answers to the following questions: 1) Is there a need to prepare new translations of those texts that have already appeared in Polish? 2) What should be the scope of modernizing the language of these texts? She illustrates her considerations with examples taken from her own work. The article contains thoughts that emerged while working on the translation of Anton Strashimirov’s short story Рамадан-бегови сараи. They concern both the need to update vocabulary and modernize syntax, i.e. problems related to the linguistic competences of contemporary readers, as well as changes in their sensitivity to issues of cultural distinctiveness.

AN ERROR ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURES IN TRANSLATING NARRATIVE TEXT

This research aims to discover the errors in students’ narrative text translation based on the Surface Strategy Taxonomy. The descriptive qualitative method was used in this research. The populations were the ninth-grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Ambarawa in the academic year 2022/2023. Specifically, 10 students from the IX A class were randomly chosen as the subject. The instrument used was a translation task entitled Kancil dan Buaya. The data was collected by administering the translation test in 90 minutes. Surface Strategy Taxonomy was used to identify the errors in analyzing the data. The results showed that the most frequent error made by students was misformation, while the least common error was misordering. In addition, the component of misformation in which the students made errors the most was the alternating form. Hence, this indicates that the student’s English proficiency, mainly in grammar, is still poor. Further researches are suggested to investigate more the causes of errors that occur in students’ translation through interviews or questionnaires in order to achieve more in-depth data.

The potential impact of intralingual translation of Persian everyday legal texts on average citizens

ABSTRACT The everyday life of citizens involves dealing with legal documents. In Iran, the special features of Persian legal language make this particularly challenging and time-consuming. The study presented in this article investigates the effectiveness of intralingual translation in simplifying Persian legal language, to (a) reduce the time required to read, (b) increase understanding and (c) increase confidence in signing legal documents. Three prevalent Persian legal texts were selected and an intralingual translation of the texts was carried out. Then, a questionnaire was designed, piloted and administered to a sample of 20 participants, to determine the time needed to read and understand the three texts and their intralingual translations, as well as their confidence to sign the documents. To control the variable of repeated reading, a control group of 20 participants was asked to read the original twice, without reading the simplified version. The findings support the hypothesis that intralingual translations of legal texts used by citizens in their daily life reduces the time required to read and understand them and increases the degree of confidence to sign them. This study encourages the use of intralingual translations to simplify legal texts for the benefit of regular citizens.

Strategi Meningkatkan Keakuratan Hasil Terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia ke Bahasa Inggris Menggunakan Google Translate

This study aims to find ways or strategies that can be used to get much more accurate Google Translate translation results, especially translations from Indonesian to English. This study uses qualitative research methods because it is carried out to provide an explanation of a phenomenon which will later build a theory related to this phenomenon. This study can be categorized as an experimental research study; because it uses two research objects and then compares the results. The two objects are Chapter 1 of the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata which was directly translated using Google Translate and Chapter 1 of the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata which underwent adjustments (in the form of strategy implementation) before being translated using Google Translate. These two translations were then compared to see which version was most similar to the translation of professional translator Angie Killbane who had translated the novel into English. This study only focuses on the similarity of Google Translate translation results for texts that have not undergone adjustments and Google Translate translation results for texts that have undergone adjustments with the translation results of professional translators. The results of this study found that text translations that underwent adjustments were more similar to the results of translations by professional translators. The adjustment in question is to clarify the meaning of the sentence by adding time information and adapting the language so that Google Translate can understand the meaning of the sentence correctly so that it can produce a translation that is much more accurate, acceptable and reasonable, in accordance with translation rules.

Interpreting Confucianism in Chinese Philosophical Context with Qualia Structure

Chinese philosophy understood through the key philosophical terms has been made familiar to Western readers by first “Christianizing” it, and then by “Orientalizing” it. Many of new translations of these canonical texts are uncritically perpetuating the same formula for rendering key philosophical terms proffered in the earlier efforts at cultural translation. Those who are working with the Master of Confucianism in China reconsider the Confucian values and attempt to interpret Confucianism in Chinese philosophical context. This paper employs the qualia structure (Pustejovsky 1991) to verify the validation of three important Confucian concepts, rén (仁), lǐ(礼) and dé (德), of the total 92 Confucian conceptual terms from The Analects (Lúnyǚ,《论语》) and Tao-Te Ching (Dàodéjīng,《道德经》) as the case studies. The qualia structure investigates the semantic information of the core characters in both source and target text which can effectively clarify the correspondence in Chinese-English translation in that the equivalent semantic information can be regarded as the equivalent translation. Furthermore, through this research, misunderstandings can be avoided and foreigners will find it easy to understand Chinese culture.

A szóbeliségtől az írásbeliségig – és vissza? Jegyzetek Albert Wesselski korai munkássága kapcsán

This paper attempts to present the intellectual legacy of Albert Wesselski (Vienna, 1871–Prague, 1939), a partly forgotten great figure of literary and textual folkloristic comparatistics of the first half of the 20th century, and argues for his timeliness. While he also played an important role as a literary mediator and translator (e.g. translations and interpretations of Boccaccio and Dante, translations of medieval Italian, French and Flemish folklore texts), he was primarily concerned with questions of the origins of European and Asian fairy tales, the problem of the processes of transmission and genre theory. He presented the transnational and transcontinental connections between individual (fairy-tale) texts in his reflections, which were based on his exceptional erudition and knowledge of the material. His views on the essentially literary origins of fairy-tale material were disputed by many in his day, but at least some of them now seem to be confirmed. His comparative method can be an inspiration for those working with folklore and literary texts, both here and now. The present paper attempts to provide a sketchy overview of the early stages of Wesselski’s oeuvre and to inspire further reflection.