Subject Of Research Research Articles

Pembelajaran Qs. An – Naas dengan Metode Drill di SDN 1 Slaharwotan Ngimbang Lamongan

The learning of the Qur'an and Hadith plays an important role in shaping the character and morals of the younger generation, especially at the Elementary School level. The learning of the Qur'an and Hadith is expected to instill values of faith, diversity, as well as foster attitudes of tolerance and social concern among students. This study aims to describe the learning of Surah An-Nas using the drill method, the steps of its implementation, and its execution at SDN 1 Slaharwotan Ngimbang Lamongan. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving Islamic Education teachers and students as research subjects. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that learning through the drill method is effective in improving students' ability to read and memorize the Qur'an, especially Surah An-Nas, with correct pronunciation (tartil) and fluency. The learning model is technology-based or a multimedia learning model, where teaching takes place using tools and media such as LCD projectors, active speakers, notebooks, and interactive learning CDs, demonstrating the application of technology to support the teaching and learning process, as well as increasing interactivity and effectiveness. The learning method uses repetition (drill), so it is hoped that the material being taught will be retained in students' memory. This study provides insights into the importance of teacher competence in developing teaching materials that suit the developmental needs of students, as well as the importance of adjusting teaching methods to the curriculum and the characteristics of children in Elementary Schools.

Making Space for Students’ Learning

The implementation of Sámi teacher education is based on the values ​​of Sámi education. The starting point of this education is the changing needs of the Sámi community. The Sámi concepts of learning, teaching methods and traditional education have developed in the Sámi community over the centuries and have been the subject of active research in recent decades. Pre-service teachers are guided as part of the expertise of Sámi pedagogy by using methods that they are supported to employ in their own work. However, little research has been conducted on the implementation of Sámi teacher education. In this article, we, three Sámi teacher educators, discuss how we perceive Sámi education and educational values. We use examples from our experiences with our families and the schools we have attended and incorporate these into our work as Sámi teacher educators. We also present teacher educators’ perceptions of the university pedagogical approach in Sámi teacher education. The discussion focuses on the work of creating and developing a dynamic learning environment. As a starting point, we present pedagogical approaches in Sámi teacher education, developed over the years at Sámi allaskuvla.

Chenopodium Quinoa's Ingredients Contribute to the Gut Microbiota's Metabolic Adaptations on Carbohydrate Metabolism.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis significantly contributes either to metabolic or immune diseases. Modulating the gut microbiome is the subject of intense research, but how immunonutritional ingredients from Chenopodium quinoa contribute to shaping the commensal microbiome and its metabolic capacities has not been determined. Sixty healthy volunteers participated in a double-blind, randomized parallel pilot study with two study arms: high fat-containing cookie and a C. quinoa-based cookie. The composition of the colonic microbiota was quantified by real time qPCR and bacterial metabolism to use carbohydrates was monitored using metabolic strips. Regardless of the order in which the volunteers receive the cookies, the administration of the C. quinoa-based cookie allows establishing and maintaining significant differences in the diversity of the microbiota. C. quinoa-based cookie prevented imbalances in the gut microbiota composition derived from the administration of the high fat-containing cookie. These findings provide new insights into how immunonutritional foods can help to establish steady-state commensalism.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ АЛГОРИТМОВ РАЗРАБОТКИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РЕШЕНИЙ В СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ДОКУМЕНТАЦИИ ДЛЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО КАЧЕСТВА ОБЪЕКТОВ

The indicators of the functional efficiency for construction projects are largely characterized by the quality at design (organizational and technological) solutions as part in the COP sections (construction organization project) and “WPP” (work production project), as well as technical and technological perfection methods for the practical implementation in construction processes in the construction residential facilities. The subject of research in the article is an algorithm for the development at organizational and technological solutions in the format for sections "COP (POS) → WPP (PPR)" in documentation for construction. Design activity in the construction industry is considered as a necessary tool and the most important means for achieving the planned results, bearing in mind, first of all, the quality of organizational and technological solutions, a systematic approach to solving the problems forming the functional quality in residential formations. Conclusions and recommendations. It has been established that the modern practice in developing organizational and technological solutions does not correctly take into account the consequences the effects of various factors at the external and internal environment on the indicators the functional quality at construction products. The modern design algorithm requires improving the methodological foundations for the development and automation design procedures, a systematic approach to the analysis factors influencing the parameters at the state construction products, the formation conditions for reducing the consequences at the negative influence the human factor.

Latent profile analysis of anticipatory grief in family caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure and its influencing factors

BackgroundAnticipatory grief has been shown to be highly prevalent among family caregivers of patients with advanced illness. However, there is less research on the anticipatory grief of family caregivers with chronic heart failure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the profile of anticipatory grief among family caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure and to analyze the influencing factors of different profiles.MethodsA convenience sampling method was adopted to select 205 family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients hospitalized in a tertiary general hospital in Nanchong, China as the research subjects. A general information questionnaire, Anticipatory Grief Scale (AGS), and Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) were used for the survey. Latent profile analysis was conducted on the anticipatory grief of family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients, and univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of anticipatory grief in each subgroup.ResultsThe anticipatory grief of family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients has been divided into three latent classes: low anticipatory grief class (16.4%), moderate anticipatory grief class (58.7%), and high anticipatory grief and loss class (24.8%). Gender, education, relationship with the patient, course of disease, and fear of progression were the influencing factors of the latent profile of anticipatory grief among family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients (all P < 0.05).ConclusionThere were differences in the level of anticipatory grief among different subgroups of family caregivers of chronic heart failure patients. Medical staff can develop personalized intervention measures on the basis of the influencing factors of different categories to alleviate anticipatory grief of family caregivers and promote physical and mental health of caregivers in chronic heart failure patients.

Pemanfaatan Augmented Reality sebagai Media Inovatif dalam Pembelajaran IPAS untuk Melestarian Sumber Daya Alam

The aim of this research is to explore the effectiveness of using Augmented Reality (AR) technology as an innovative medium in learning Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) to increase elementary school students' awareness and understanding of preserving natural resources. This research uses a quasi-experimental research method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research subjects were fifth grade students at an elementary school in Indonesia, who were divided into an experimental group that used AR media and a control group that used conventional learning media. The research results show that the use of AR media significantly increases students' understanding of the concept of preserving natural resources compared to traditional learning methods. In addition, students in the experimental group showed higher levels of learning motivation as well as active participation in class discussions. The implication of this research is that AR technology can be an effective and interesting learning tool in teaching complex environmental topics. The use of AR not only helps students understand concepts visually and interactively, but also motivates them to be more actively involved in efforts to conserve natural resources. The results of this research provide a basis for the development of technology-based learning media that can be applied in various educational contexts, especially to support sustainable education at the elementary school level.

The role of technology in implementing effective education for children with learning difficulties

With the advancement of technology, inclusive education for kids with learning difficulties is now greatly enhanced. This essay investigates how technology promotes inclusivity by offering customised solutions. It draws attention to the ways in which digital technologies might improve academic performance, engagement, and cognitive capacities in kids with learning difficulties even those with high IQs. The purpose of this research is to investigate how technology may be used to develop educational interventions that help students who have learning difficulties, including dyslexia, ADHD, and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The potential for various digital tools to enhance engagement, cognitive abilities, and academic performance is the subject of ongoing research. These technologies include adaptive learning platforms, assistive software, and interactive applications. In order to promote inclusion and equitable learning experiences for students, the study also highlights the importance of incorporating personalised technology into educational environments. This research advocates for a more technologically sophisticated inclusive education system that identifies critical concerns and effective practices. Students with learning difficulties and disabilities would have a better chance of succeeding in this technologically enhanced set up and approach.

The Role of Parenting Styles in Treatment Stunting in Selengen Village, Kayangan District

The role of parenting style plays an important role in dealing with the problem of stunting. Stunting can be influenced by low access to food and the quality of balanced nutrition which is not consumed by children regularly, and often does not have a variety. Therefore, improving diet, parenting patterns, as well as improving and accessing clean water are things that must be considered in handling stunting. Poor parenting patterns in caring for children, including feeding babies and toddlers, are also influenced by the understanding of parents, especially mothers. Therefore, there is a need for education about reproductive health and nutrition so that prospective mothers understand the importance of meeting nutritional needs during pregnancy and for the fetus, which is also important in managing stunting. The role of parents in caring for children must also be based on good and appropriate understanding so that parents know what is good or bad for their children. This research aims to describe the role of parenting styles in dealing with the problem of stunting in Selengen village, Kayangan sub-district. The research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques from interviews and observations. The research subjects involved Health Midwives, Nutrition Midwives, Gynecology Midwives, Posyandu cadres and children experiencing stunting in Selengen village, Kayangan sub-district. The scope of activities such as socializing the provision of additional food (PMT) and immunization.

The Role of Science in Handling Stunting in Selengen Village, Kayangan District

The role of science is the main focus discussed in this paper. Knowledge is something that ordinary people must have, such as knowledge about how to care for children in terms of parenting, food, and things that must be paid attention to in terms of a child's health. The aim is so that parents understand how to deal with stunting through science. The reason we took this topic because we brought the theme from the STKIP Hamzar campus with the theme "Making North Lombok Free from Child Marriage and Zero Stunting. This research aims to describe the role of science in handling stunting in Selengen village. The research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques from interviews and observations. The research subjects involved Health Midwives, Nutrition Midwives, Gynecology Midwives, and cadres in the local village. The scope of activities such as outreach on the provision of supplementary food (PMT) and immunization.

Increasing Students' Learning Concentration Through The PBL Learning Model

Student learning concentration is an important factor in the learning process that can influence learning outcomes. However, it is often found that students have difficulty maintaining concentration during the learning process. This research aims to describe how the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model can increase the learning concentration of fifth grade elementary school students. The background to this research is based on the importance of concentration in the learning process which can influence student learning outcomes. However, many students experience difficulty in maintaining concentration during learning. This research uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method which is carried out in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation and reflection stages. The research subjects were fifth grade students in elementary schools, with research instruments including interview sheets, observations and documentation. Then analyzed using the Milles &amp; Huberman technique. The results showed a significant increase in students' learning concentration. In the initial pre-cycle conditions, only 2 students (12.5%) met the four learning concentration indicators. After being given action using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model in cycle I, the number of students' learning concentration increased to 8 students (50%). Then in cycle II, after reflecting on the actions in cycle I, there was a further increase to 14 students (87.5%). Implementing PBL not only increases concentration but also students' motivation and involvement in the learning process. Students become more active, motivated and focused when working on group assignments that are based on real problems.

Pair-Soil-Spectra: An Approach for NIRS-Based Soil Total Nitrogen Content Detection with Feature Metrics in Cases of Small Sample Sizes.

Soil total nitrogen (STN) plays an important role in plant growth, and rapid and nondestructive detection of STN content is essential for agricultural production. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) takes advantage of the fast detection speed, low cost, and nondestructiveness, and it can be used for STN content detection. Typically, NIRS-based approaches require a large number of samples for detection model training. However, it is difficult to collect sufficient samples due to various causes (e.g., time-varying state, high assay costs, etc.) in practical application. To tackle this problem, a feature metric approach is introduced to detect the STN content based on NIRS in this work, and a new approach (named Pair-Soil-Spectra) is proposed to mine fine-grained features by contrasting different soil sample pairs, which takes full advantage of soil particle heterogeneity and NIRS penetration. For the validation of this study, three different soil datasets with various collection sources are selected as research subjects, and the performance of Pair-Soil-Spectra is analyzed from different perspectives. According to the results, Pair-Soil-Spectra has significantly improved the performance of STN content detection models (e.g., partial least-squares (PLS), Cubist, extreme learning machine (ELM), and random forest (RF)) in small sample cases. Of these, the coefficient of determination of RF has improved by 0.13, 0.42, and 0.10, and the root-mean-square of prediction has decreased by 0.15, 0.52, and 0.01 g/kg with different datasets, which has gained the greatest improvement. Meanwhile, this approach can be easily expanded to cover other domains.

Teacher Strategies in Developing Student Identity Through A Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) Approach in Primary Schools

Indonesia as a nation has various ethnicities and cultures, which are characterized by unique languages, traditions and values. However, in the rapidly growing dynamics of globalization, this diversity is often faced with challenges in maintaining its authenticity. The erosion of identity is a serious concern today. Identity is not only about how individuals or groups recognize themselves, but also how they are recognized and accepted in society. In Indonesia, the educational process has an important role in forming and strengthening students' identities, especially at the elementary school level. This research aims to describe teachers' strategies in developing student identity through the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach in elementary schools. This research uses a qualitative research approach and a phenomenological type. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. The research subjects were the homeroom teacher and fourth grade elementary school students. This research is explained in several steps, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that teachers integrated local culture in open materials by including folklore, local history, and traditional crafts. teachers also connect lesson material with students' daily lives to make learning more relevant and meaningful, using examples that come from students' daily experiences; Use of language relevant to students' cultural background; Teachers also use a variety of learning methods. The strategies used by teachers using the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach have proven to be effective in helping students understand and appreciate their cultural identity.

IMPACTOS DA GOVERNANÇA DIGITAL NA EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA NO SCIELO

Digital governance in education is a recent subject in scientific research and political discussions in Brazil. In expansion, this theme is related to the use of technological systems in educational systems, in school management and pedagogical practices in the classroom, with effective participation of school actors. The article aims to identify in the literature which education departments in the Brazilian federation have applied digital governance systems and practices, seeking to unveil the effectiveness and challenges for this materialization in education in these spaces. With a qualitative approach, the methodology is anchored in bibliographic research using content analysis. The data, consisting of scientific articles, were selected from the Scielo database. The research allowed the identification of 15 articles selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria between the years 2010 and 2023. For the search, we used terms that are mobilized to express the integration of digital governance in education and point to effective digital transformation and to challenges of materializing digital governance in education. The results indicate that the practices and systems materialized in the researched scenarios, although they have faced challenges for their effective implementation, are essential to ensure a more effective, democratic administration for the transformation of society, contributing to the promotion of a more inclusive and quality education.

Tindak Pidana Sodomi Terhadap Anak

This article or paper aims to analyze the factors that cause deviant behavior in the form of sodomy crimes, as well as identify the impact of sexual deviation on victims, especially children. This study uses a normative juridical method with a doctrinal legal approach combined with empirical juridical. The research subjects include secondary legal materials such as laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and related literature, as well as primary data obtained through interviews with law enforcement officials, victims, or victims' families. The instruments used include interview guides, questionnaires, and official documents to support data collection. The results of the study show that sodomy crimes against children are influenced by past trauma factors, socio-economic conditions, environment, and lack of moral values. The impact includes physical injuries, emotional trauma, and severe social stigma for victims. Legal protections such as prevention, therapy, and rehabilitation require the support of family, community, and government. Preventive measures such as early sex education and environmental surveillance are necessary to protect children. A holistic approach is expected to be able to recover victims and prevent similar incidents in the future.

Use of Quizizz for Learning Evaluation Class IV Primary School

Educators in the national education system are responsible for planning and implementing the learning process, assessing learning outcomes, providing guidance, as well as conducting research and community service. Learning evaluation is a core competency that every educator must have, including the ability to use modern evaluation tools in accordance with technological developments such as Quizizz. This research aims to describe the use of the Quizizz application in evaluating learning in class IV elementary schools. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects consisted of teachers and fourth grade students in one of the elementary schools. The research results show that using Quizizz can increase students' learning motivation. This can be seen from the students' enthusiasm in taking the quiz and their active participation during the evaluation process. Students feel more challenged and motivated to learn because of the interactive and gamification features offered by Quizizz. In addition, the feedback provided through Quizizz has proven to be effective in helping students understand their mistakes and improve their understanding of the lesson material. Teachers can provide feedback directly after students complete a quiz, so students can immediately find out the results and correct their mistakes. Research also finds that Quizizz makes it easier for teachers to manage learning evaluations. Teachers can easily create quizzes, aggregate results in real-time, and provide fast and accurate feedback to students. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Quizizz is an innovative and effective evaluation tool in improving the quality of learning in class IV elementary schools.

A BCool survey of stellar magnetic cycles

The magnetic cycle on the Sun consists of two consecutive 11-yr sunspot cycles and exhibits a polarity reversal around sunspot maximum. Although solar dynamo theories have progressively become more sophisticated, the details as to how the dynamo sustains magnetic fields are still the subject of research. Observing the magnetic fields of Sun-like stars can bring useful insights to contextualise the solar dynamo. With the long-term spectropolarimetric monitoring of stars, the BCool survey studies the evolution of surface magnetic fields to understand how dynamo-generated processes are influenced by key ingredients, such as mass and rotation. Here, we focus on six Sun-like stars with masses between 1.02 and 1.06 M$_ and with rotation periods of 3.5-21 d (or 0.3-1.8 in Rossby numbers), a practical sample with which to study magnetic cycles across distinct activity levels. We analysed high-resolution spectropolarimetric data collected with ESPaDOnS, Narval, and Neo-Narval between 2007 and 2024 within the BCool programme. We measured longitudinal magnetic field from least-squares deconvolution line profiles and we inspected its long-term behaviour with both a Lomb-Scargle periodogram and a Gaussian process. We then applied Zeeman-Doppler imaging to reconstruct the large-scale magnetic field geometry at the stellar surface for different epochs. Two of our slow rotators, namely HD\,9986 and HD\,56124 (P$_ rot exhibit repeating polarity reversals in the radial or toroidal field component on shorter timescales than the Sun (5 to 6\,yr). HD\,73350 (P$_ rot has one polarity reversal in the toroidal component and HD\,76151 (P$_ rot $=17\,d) may have short-term evolution (2.5\,yr) modulated by the long-term (16\,yr) chromospheric cycle. Our two fast rotators, HD 166435 and HD 175726 (P$_ rot $=3-5\,d), manifest complex magnetic fields without an evident cyclic evolution. Our findings indicate the potential dependence of the magnetic cycles' nature on the stellar rotation period. For the two stars with likely cycles, the polarity reversal timescale seems to decrease with a decreasing rotation period or Rossby number. These results represent important observational constraints for dynamo models of solar-like stars.

Collaborative Control Strategy of Electric–Thermal–Hydrogen-Integrated Energy System Based on Variable-Frequency Division Coefficient

To address the issues of diverse energy supply demands and power fluctuations in integrated energy systems (IESs), this study takes an IES composed of power-generation units, such as wind and photovoltaic units, along with various energy-storage systems, including electrical, thermal, and hydrogen storage, as the research subject. A collaborative control strategy is proposed for the IES, which comprehensively considers the status of diverse energy-storage systems like battery packs, thermal tanks, and hydrogen tanks. First, a mathematical model of the IES is constructed. Then, a dual-layer collaborative control strategy is designed, considering different operating modes of the IES, which includes a multi-energy-storage power allocation control layer based on second-order power-frequency processing and distribution and an adaptive adjustment layer for adjusting power-frequency coefficients based on adaptive fuzzy control. Finally, MATLAB is used to simulate and validate the proposed strategy. The results indicate that the collaborative control strategy based on variable-frequency coefficients optimizes the allocation of fluctuating power among multiple energy-storage systems, enhances the stability of bus voltage, reduces the deep charge and discharge time of battery packs, and extends the service life of battery packs.

Rapid and reproducible generation of glioblastoma spheroids for high-throughput drug screening.

Identifying new substances that could potentially be used for tumor therapy and the precise analysis of their spectrum of action requires models that are as similar as possible to the tumor present in the patient. Traditionally, two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures are used. However, these only resemble solid tumors to a limited extent. More realistic in vivo models, such as tissue cultures, which are invaluable for the final analysis of the effect of new substances, are unsuitable for high-throughput screening (HTS), such as substance library screening. Therefore, we addressed which parameters need to be optimized to produce 3D cultures suitable for HTS using established tumor cell lines and ultra-low attachment plates, and we tested which experimental parameters need to be considered. In our studies, we have focused on cell lines from gliomas. Gliomas are incurable tumors of the central nervous system and are the subject of intensive research. Our studies used ten glioma cell lines from which we generated spheroids using ultra-low attachment plates. We then determined the spheroid size as a function of the initial cell number and the culture time. We analyzed cell viability using propidium iodide staining, evaluated the effects of temozolomide and radiation on spheroids, and compared the effect to that on 2D cultures. We found that spheroid size correlated linearly with the initial cell number. Fewer cells (250-500) generally resulted in better growth than a higher number. However, not all cell lines produced growing spheroids at all. The spheroids had an outer layer of living cells and an inner core of dead cells. The size of the inner core of dead cells was different in the various cell lines and developed differently during the incubation period. Radiation affected spheroids more than 2D cultures, especially at higher cell densities. Our results provide insight into using glioma cell lines to form spheroids as model systems. We have identified initial cell numbers as a critical parameter for their effective use in research, offering a hopeful outlook for tumor therapy research and drug development.

Process for the Preparation of Artificial Analog of Sanbornite–Glass Composites

Barium silicates have been investigated as high-expansion components of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and, therefore, their synthesis and expansion have been the subject of intensive research in recent years. In this article, we briefly present a new process to make glass–crystalline composites, as well as two novel findings related to a synthesis route of sanbornite (BaSi2O5) and the fast in situ formation of a high-expansion sanbornite composite from a Pyrex-type glass powder. The low-temperature synthesis, composition, and expansion of one type of novel glass composite are described. The composites are made by the reaction of BaCO3 and Pyrex-type powders at 850–950 °C for a short time of one hour. The composites are well sintered and hard, and their linear coefficient of thermal expansion is about 12.3 × 10−6 C−1. The crystalline-phase formation, dilatometer measurements, SEM data, and possible applications of the composites are presented and discussed.

EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF SOLVENTS EFFECT ON A DERİVATİVE OF CARBOTHIOAMIDE

The titled molecules is an optically pure anti-cancer agent and also plays a vital role as an important staritng material for developing medicines that can cure many disease. Synthesis of carbothiomide is a subject of deep chemical and biochemical research due to its medicinal value and can also use as a starting material for many important compounds. In this work 2,2'-[(2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-dioxobutane-1,4-dıyl]bis(N-P-tolyhydrazine-1-carbothioamıde was synthesized experimentally in the laboatory and then characterized. The structure was later designed and optimized by Gaussian 09 package using ab initio method. To obtain the minimum energy of the titled structure, many basis set in density functional theory (DFT) and Hatree-Fock (HF) were used in geometry optimization. The molecule was characterized using spectroscopic methods such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR to determine the molecular dynamics as well as their optical and electrical properties. The energy difference between the HOMO and LUMO was computed. The homo and homo was found to be -0.15064 and -0.035472 eV respectively. The bandgap was also found to be -3.133 eV. The optimized titled structure then undergoes spectroscopic calculations to determined the theoretical spectroscopic parameters. A comparison was also studied between the theoretical and experimental datas. Finally, the effect of polar and non-polar solvent ( DMSO and CCl4) on the optimized titled compound is analysed. It was found that the bandgap respond to the addition of solvent due to the involvement of the molecules in the solvent. The polar solvent has highest bandgap values due to the fact that the titled molecule is polar and its molecules can interact more easily with polar solvent that non-polar solvent. This result indicate that polar solvent can be use to increase the effectiveness of the titled molecule in terms of medicinal value.