This article aimed to better understand the ways of thinking and dreaming of 4th and 5th grade students, from a Municipal School located in the rural area of Imperatriz – MA, who live under the conditionality of poverty. A brief analysis of poverty was made in Brazil and Maranhão, we noticed that many changes have been taking place in Brazilian public policy, in order to change the reality of many children and young people in poverty or extreme poverty. We cite Brazilian education as an important historical landmark. We highlight poverty in public schools and the possibility of these students learning and creating important knowledge for future life. Education and guarantees of citizenship of children and adolescents is seen as a form of collective construction. The research was developed in a qualitative approach, with phenomenological focus, and semi-structured interviews were used in data collection. For it was necessary to give the students the opportunity to express themselves freely about their dreams and desires for a future without poverty. We had contact with the reality of the students and their families, we know the school where the students study and a little about their dreams, desires and vision of a future without poverty. Given the relevance of the theoretical framework, we reviewed documents and authors dealing with the subject, such as: Arroyo (2015), Freire (2005), Leite (2017), Pinzani and Leão Rego (2015), Reis (2011), among others.