Polytechnic Education Research Articles

Militarismo 1964-1985, Ficções e Ideologias Documentais na Realidade Brasileira: Revisionismo e EPT

Pretende-se com o texto discutir o período do regime militar do Brasil, que compreende os anos entre 1964-1985 e o contexto sócio-político na ocasião da intervenção das Forças Armadas na democracia do país, sob leitura de bibliografias produzidas por autores militares. Também será analisado o ensino sobre o período na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica do IFC, especificamente nos cursos Técnico em Agropecuária, visto que os Institutos são uma proposta educacional do governo do PT, partido que tem sua gênese dialética justamente no regime militar, e que objetiva a educação politécnica, integrada e interdisciplinar. Para tanto, faz-se a análise bibliográfica e documental a partir da ótica da História Cultural, e discute-se as relações entre documentos e ideologia pelo pensamento de Paul Ricoeur.

ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНА КУЛЬТУРА В ПАРАДИГМІ ПОЛІТЕХНІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ

The problem of technological education in general secondary education institutions is actualized in the article. Attention is focused on the opportunities of pre-core training and senior profile school for the development of a modern competent student, able to be realized in the information space. Strengthening the practical orientation of school education requires the introduction of a competent approach in technology education. Competence in the field of technological education is considered as the experience, education, erudition of the student in the field of production technologies, in various types of subject-transformation activity, his skills, readiness, knowledge and erudition, as well as the ability to identify ways and opportunities for their acquisition and operation for through consciousness and thinking. Thanks to the integration of knowledge from different fields of science and production in the process of technological education, the formation of the leading key competences: educational (graphic, technical, technological, project), cultural, health-saving, informational, social, entrepreneurial. Based on the analysis of normative documents, scientific researches of scientists-pedagogues and psychologists and their own pedagogical experience, it is concluded that continuity at all levels of study is necessary for the improvement of technological education. The organization of such approach in educational practice promotes gradual and continuous mastering of the system of technological knowledge, practical skills and technological qualities, which will provide in the future the effectiveness of vocational training. Key words: process of education, polytechnic education, technological education, key competences, teaching methodology.

A QFD-TISM approach for service quality improvement in polytechnic education institutes: a case study

The study aims to present a framework to enhance the service quality of polytechnic education institutions (PEIs) enabling the policymakers to address the problems of low enrolment rate and unemployment of the students. A quality function deployment (QFD) methodology has been used to transform stakeholders' expectations into service quality parameters. A total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) approach has been used to prepare a structured hierarchical inter relationship-based model. In the present study, a service quality improvement framework for PEIs has been proposed and different parameters to improve the service quality of PEIs have been prioritised. A service quality improvement framework has been proposed for PEIs in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. However, outcomes of the study may be used as directions to develop improvement criteria for service quality in engineering educational institutes. This article may facilitate polytechnic education managers, policymakers, and planners, to derive a strategic plan on service quality to attract the students for admissions in PEIs. The proposed framework has been designed to meet the expectations of stakeholders of PEIs. An integration of QFD-TISM approach has been used to convert such expectations into a structured hierarchical interrelationship of service quality criteria.

Didactic Significance of Modern Simulation Programs in Vocational Education – Divagations from Own Research

Simulation programs in polytechnic (vocational) education have an important didactic function. On the one hand, they are a great example of modern didactic software, on the other hand, knowledge of the simulation software environment by a future graduate of a technical university increases the qualifications of the future employee and allows him to acquire an attractive profession. In the era of high requirements set by employers and competition on the education market, their knowledge seems highly justified. However, whether simulation programs, especially deterministic ones, can also act as teaching aids is not so obvious. In this article, in addition to purely theoretical considerations, will be presented stages of own research on didactic efficiency, or more precisely the impact of this group of software on the cognitive process during learning. More importantly, the didactic effectiveness was tested based on typical pedagogical research as well as by means of electroencephalographic tests using the QEEG method.

A QFD-TISM approach for service quality improvement in polytechnic education institutes: a case study

A QFD-TISM approach for service quality improvement in polytechnic education institutes: a case study

Политехнизация школы в Центрально-Черноземной области в 1931–1933 гг.

We examine various aspects of the introduction of polytechnic education in educational institutions of the Central Black Earth Region. The relevance of the study is justified primarily by the fact that this aspect of the development of domestic education has not been previously studied, and also by novelty of archival documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. We focus on the legislative consolidation of the principles of polytechnism in the framework of the educational reform in the early 30s of 20th century, as well as on the theoretical understanding of the technological aspect of the educational process. The purpose of this research is to study the state policy aimed at developing labor training and education in lower and secondary educational institutions and implementing its aspects in the Central Black Earth Region. The study analyzes the measures taken by the regional authorities within the framework of implementing the party’s policy on education polytechnization: increasing the number of workshops and workrooms, purchasing equipment, assigning household plots to schools, organizing clubs and competitions, conducting excursions to enterprises, improving the skills of school employees and librarians, helping them establish contacts with enterprises and allocating them experienced engineers and technicians to work in schools. We examine the difficulties that accompanied school polytechnization. They included: poor equipment of workshops, low qualifications of instructors and teachers, unwillingness of managers of a number of organizations to meet halfway with schools, formalism in organizing socialist competitions and contracts with enterprises, underestimation by school administrators and teachers of the importance of technical training. In conclusion, we summarize the achievements and shortcomings of the polytechnic aspect of the educational process in the Central Black Earth Region of the early 1930s, and outline further prospects for labor training in Soviet schools.

Олександр Григорович Дзеверін (1908–1978): штрихи до наукового портрета

The article emphasizes the importance of rethinking the Soviet past, in particular through the study of the life and creative heritage of pedagogical personalities of that time. A biography of the historian of pedagogy Oleksandr Dzeverin has been presented, his contribution to pedagogical science has been outlined by covering the scientific interests of the scientist during his work at the Ukrainian Research Institute of Pedagogy, where he studied, besides the history of pedagogy, the issue of productive work of high school students and theoretical justification for the introduction of polytechnic education at a secondary school during 1930-1970. It has been noted that the first scientific publication of O. Dzeverin dates back to 1932, when the USSR launched a forced attack on the humanities and began reforming education and pedagogy according to Soviet canons, and the history of pedagogy was to provide a theoretical basis for the Soviet model of education, to find its historical roots. It has been proven that the theme of the leading role of the Communist Party in the development of pedagogical science is pervasive in the works of the scientist of the 1930s and 1950s; the periodization of the history of pedagogy in Soviet Ukraine in the vision of O. Dzeverin has been presented. It has been emphasized that with the beginning of the “thaw” and de-Stalinization since the second half of the 1950s, his research field included the creative heritage of prominent Ukrainian teachers of the past. The article contains a bibliography of O. Dzeverin's works compiled from 37 positions by the author. Based on the bibliography and analysis of several teacher’s works, there has been made a conclusion about the evolution of the educator’s pedagogical worldview from covering the role of the Communist Party and Lenin in the development of pedagogical science and schooling to his interest in the pedagogical heritage of Tymofiy Lubents, Ivan Franko, Hryhoriy Skovoroda, Khrystyna Alchevska and the publication of Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi's works in five volumes (Kyiv, 1976–1977), in which O. Dzeverin played a key role as the head of the editorial board and the author of an extensive introductory article.

The effectiveness and constraints of learning in polytechnic education

This study is aimed at finding out: (1) the level of effectiveness of the teaching implementation at a polytechnic education institution viewed from the interrelatedness of the components of context, input, process, and product, and (2) the constraints in the teaching implementation at the institution. This study used the Contex Input Process Product (CIPP) model from Stufflebeam. The data were collected using a questionnaire, interview guide, and related docu-ments. The subjects of the evaluation were the students, lecturers, and the top management staff of the departments at the polytechnic. The data were analyzed using a quantitative descriptive method. The effectiveness of the learning program is determined based on the results of the prototype verification in the Glickman quadrant. The results of the analysis show that the teaching program implementation at the polytechnic viewed from the inter-relatedness of context, input, process, and product is considered effective enough. The constraints in the implementation of teaching at the polytechnic are in teaching planning, implementation of semester teaching plans, curriculum, and infrastructure as well as facilities. Those constraints create other barriers to the achievement of learning outcomes, both academic and non-academic.

Readiness of Polytechnic Manufacturing Program in Malaysia towards Future Industry

Polytechnic education was introduced in Malaysia with funding from the World Bank in 1969. The purpose is to be one of Malaysia’s education provider to access quality in produce holistic, enterprising and competitive human capital in line with global industrial needs. Currently, there are 37 polytechnics in they that offered quality programs with relevant curriculum. One of the programs is Diploma in Mechanical Engineering (Manufacturing) is competent skills in the field of mechanical engineering to fulfill the demand of workers in the engineering manufacturing sector. For remain competitive especially in terms of future technology advancement, this program needs to be revised so that the students who are produced can meet the requirements of the future industry specially to face the challenging in Industrial Revolution 4.0(IR4.0). To get the clear situation, the qualitative study had been conducting with the interview method to identify how far the adequate of polytechnic manufacturing program towards IR4.0 regarding the readiness of student competency, the effect of the changes and actions taken by polytechnics management. From the findings, it shown that the manufacturing programs in Polytechnic Malaysia need to arrange the strategy to make sure the student or the graduates that they develop can fulfil IR4.0 skills and competencies related.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IDEA OF POLYTECHNIC EDUCATION AS INNOVATIVE DIRECTION OF SCHOOL EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

The degree and basic trends in the elaboration of the problem researched have been analyzed (imperial stage, before 1917, trends being – philosophic-pedagogical, historical-educative; the Soviet stage, 1917 – 1990, trends being – historical-narrative, scientific proper, scientific-methodical; post-Soviet stage, 1991 – the beginning of the XXI-st cent., trends being – methodological-theoretic, historical-pedagogical, general didactic). The socioeconomic factors and organizational-pedagogic prerequisites of polytechnic education idea genesis have been determined; its legislative and regulatory framework has been examined. The phased process of polytechnic education idea realization in the national school education of the XX-th century has been substantiated and characterized by its regularity, conceptualism variance, contradiction, instability, periodicity of ascension and decline.Its consecutive stages have been established: I (1901-1918) – search-empirical (polytechical illiteracy elimination as a prerequisite of socio-economic development); II (1919-1933) – experimental-innovative (school polytechnization in connection with the implementation of compulsory elementary education); III (1934-1957) – theoretic-analytical (pupils’ polytechnic training during the period of compulsory 7-year-long education implementation); IV (1958-1983) – professional-manufacturing (specific sectoral and practical orientation of polytechnism on the stage of transition to the compulsory secondary education); V (1984-1999) – economic-reformist (polytechnic education idea modification in the context of general secondary education modernization on the basis of market model, shifting the emphasis on the pupils’ educational work). The regularities, contradictions and the leading tendencies in the process of polytechnic education idea realization have been revealed. Its specificity has been characterized as reflected in preserving labor traditions (1901-1918); carrying out the industrialization and agronomization (1919-1933); scientific fundamentalization and singling out polytechnic grounds of school subjects (1934-1957); professional bias and mechanization (1958-1983); automation and striving for labor intellectualization (1984-1999). The stages (initial, sufficient, high and advanced) and conditions of the process of polytechnic education idea realization have been determined; the progressive achievements of the XX-th cent. polytechnism in current conditions have been actualized (pedagogically expedient use of polytechnic individual and socially oriented potential of all secondary school subjects, especially general technical subjects, different labor types, class and out-of-class activities; establishing close cooperation of school and production on the terms of voluntariness and state support; involving pupils in real social and labor, cost accounting relations; joint efforts of school, family and the public in pupils’ labor training and education etc.).

Developing System of Concepts in Polytechnic Education in Modern Conditions

The current world situation connecting with intensive development of mobile technologies actualizes the problem of training of engineering staff. The engineer of the future should not only to know the experience accumulated by previous generations, but also be able to analyze, develop and apply it in new conditions. The problem raises the questions connected with development of students’ system thinking in educational activity. System thinking is the product of educational activity, namely, the activity by consciousness and comprehension of learning concepts in their entirety properties. The main directions of educational process for solving this problem are presented in the article. In particular, it is proposed to broaden out notion about practice-oriented education in the system of higher technical education. As a matter of fact, educational process in the current conditions should represent large-scale practice. The traditional forms of educational process such as lecture, problem solving (practice, seminar), and laboratory work change and become the basic constituents of this educational practice. The main method that allows for educational practice to take place is dialogue.

Academic Mobility of Polytechnic Education in the Aspect of Internationalization and Globalization

The subject of the research is academic mobility, including mobility of students, teachers, researchers and educational programs. The academic mobility of Polytechnic education is considered in the context of two other objective processes in the world education system – globalization and internationalization. The main purpose of the research is to analyze the meaning of the concept of academic mobility, types of mobility, the importance of mobility for Polytechnic education, the main problems caused by academic mobility and ways to solve them. The development of the education system in the world in recent decades has been revolutionary; the inherent processes that characterize this development are the internationalization and globalization of education. As a result of these processes, there is not only unification, convergence and integration of educational systems, but also the emergence of international standards for the quality of education, increasing interest in foreign students and demand for international educational programs. Academic mobility has become an essential feature of modern education. This term characterizes not only the ability of students to receive education in different parts of the world educational space, but also the personal quality, formed in the learning process, necessary for further personal and professional growth of the future specialist, reflecting its ability to live, adapt and develop in the multicultural world. Prospects for the continuation of this research are in the field of considering the possibilities and expanding cross-border networking and cooperation of world universities.

Adaptation of Polytechnical Education to Industrial Production

Insufficient level of professional training of engineering personnel is noted. Factors affecting disbalance of links between modern vocational education and real engineering practice are given. Young engineers engaged in design and development do not have enough modern instrumental training in the field of information technology, as well as interdisciplinary knowledge and system competencies to use technologies for the full life cycle of innovative products. In professional training of technical personnel, the changes aimed to shorten adaptation of young specialists in the workplace and encourage the speedy introduction of methods and technologies of digital economy into engineering practice are imminent. An overview of innovative approaches used in training of engineering personnel by leading Russian universities is given.Graphic training is the first discipline in technical students’ professional orientation. In the context of substantive training, it is important to create a learning environment that is close to the professional one. Examples of practice-oriented study assignments based on the method of projects implemented by students in the course of independent work are given. Innovation in the development of individual tasks is possibility to execute projects in 3D format. Effectiveness of the proposed innovative training technology is confirmed by the given statistical data.

Quality Management of the Polytechnic Education by the Methods of Knowledge Value Refinement Technology

The author states the problems in the organization of polytechnic education at the world and national levels and offers involvement of innovative approaches to the organization of students training. The author recalls the author’s approach to the assessment of the essence of knowledge. The concept of «knowledge» is systematically used in problematic scientific publications, but the task of its semantic specification remains. This is predetermined by different assessments of the essence of knowledge not only in different scientific areas, but even within them. The author recalls the results of her previous studies where the activity essence of knowledge, principles of its realization, ontological structure of knowledge was specified. On this basis, the author describes the technology of refining the value of knowledge and provides data on the introduction of this technology. The effect of the introduction of technology to clarify the value of knowledge is presented and an invitation to discussion on the humanization of technological education on the basis of innovative assessment of the essence of knowledge and its value is given.

Technology of Effective Polytechnical Training at the Basis of Creation of Ontologies

The problem of growth of volume of engineering knowledge and their difficulties is considered when developing and using high technology productions and high technologies in regions. Growth of requirements to competences of engineering personnel and need of structurization and systematization of knowledge result in need of application of ontologic approach to polytechnic education. The expediency of forming of ontologies of two levels is shown: models of subject domain for understanding of essence of the engineering sphere and the structured set of elements of applied knowledge (ontology of the second order), are formalized the maintenance of simple and expanded ontologies. The formal structure of the virtual training environments for engineering education is defined, examples of the developed virtual environments for all levels of training are provided, the efficiency of their practical application is shown.

Development of Polytechnic Education in the Conditions of Integration of General-Engineering and Special Disciplines

In the conditions of innovative development of Polytechnic education and society in general in an educational paradigm there are basic changes. Today, the main units of updating of content of education are competence, the characteristic of their types and structure. Understanding students of existence of cross-disciplinary communications the importance of the studied disciplines in their interrelation and interaction is determined by cross-disciplinary competences.In modern conditions, the role of geometric-graphic preparation is greatly expanded. The advantage is given to those professionals whose thinking is able to synthesize imaginative and rational. The development of the ability to such a synthesis is greatly facilitated by mastering the methods of geometric-graphic modeling of objects and processes. Let us emphasize that models based on geometric and graphical methods (with the ability to visualize the model) are often more effective in practice than purely analytical models. Therefore, the development of the theory of geometric modeling (with computer visualization) should not be considered in the narrow sense of geometric-graphic preparation, but as a self-valuable component of geometric-graphic education.The author substantiates the essence of cross-disciplinary integration, presents the mechanisms of integration of disciplines at the Polytechnic University, pedagogical conditions, methods of teaching the theory of geometric-graphic modeling, as well as the results of practical implementation of theoretical provisions.

Political decision-making in socialist education: a Hungarian case study (1958–1960)

ABSTRACTThe subject of this article is a definite shift in socialist pedagogy: the implementation of polytechnic education in the late 1950s. First, the Soviet model is presented, then the analysis of its Hungarian introduction shows the decision-making process thoroughly, from the first steps in February 1958 to the publication of the ‘Principles’ in September 1960, which affected subsequent discourse about the so-called ‘school-reform’. The study is based on the reports of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party archives, mainly the files of the Political Committee, because this body designed and determined the characteristics of the new era in Hungarian education. Silence dominated the afterlife of the reform after 1965 – in retrospect, it was a failure – and the situation has not changed since. Although the archives are now open, the actors in the decision-making process, and their different interests, have not yet been investigated by scholars.

Profile Aspects of Graphic Education at Polytechnic University

Availability of qualified engineering personnel for high-tech industries is a topical problem today. To close the gap between the practice of polytechnic education and real engineering activities, it is necessary to introduce innovative educational technologies aimed at developing students’ ability to work in a team, competences in the field of modern information and communication technologies, as well as a willingness to carry out design based on spatial modeling.Within the framework of subject training, it is necessary to ensure the unity of fundamental (generalized, theoretical) knowledge and special knowledge corresponding to the profile of the training area. An appropriate construction of the training program contributes to the adaptation and concretization of subject competencies in the direction required for this engineering specialty.Graphic training is the first professionally oriented discipline at technical university. Within the framework of subject training, it is important to create a learning environment that is close to professional. The authors adduce the examples of educational tasks based on the method of projects and corresponding to the profile of the educational program that students perform in the course of self-directed work. An innovative aspect in the development of individual tasks is the ability to perform projects in 3d.

Projetos em disputa: políticas públicas contraditórias no âmbito da Educação Profissional no Brasil

Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer um breve resgate histórico de algumas políticas públicas de educação profissional no Brasil, revelando suas contradições. Parte-se das políticas educacionais dos anos de 1990 que estabeleceram a separação obrigatória entre o ensino médio e educação profissional, intensificado o caráter instrumental no campo da educação profissional. Nesta perspectiva educacional, percebe-se um processo de inclusão excludente, visto a sua desqualificação, que inclui no mercado de trabalho mas exclui as possibilidades que o sujeito tem de adquirir uma educação onilateral e politécnica. Na realização desta pesquisa, utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, reunindo, analisando numa perspectiva exploratória, buscando levantar informações acerca da temática dos projetos que figuraram na história do Brasil acerca da Educação Profissional.. Desta forma, acontece uma precarização do trabalho que se legitima a partir dessa continuidade de propostas precárias de Educação Profissional. Essa precarização que assola esta modalidade, propicia uma formação fragmentária, simplista e tecnicista, proporcionando uma educação unilateral em detrimento de uma formação onilateral. Enquanto a formação omnilateral possibilita uma formação que abarca todas as dimensões do indivíduo de forma ampla, em todas as suas capacidades físicas e intelectuais, a formação unilateral fragmenta o indivíduo de forma que ele apenas seja um sujeito especializado em trabalhos manuais e favorecer o lucro destinado ao modo de produção capitalista.

PERAN POLITEKNIK MENGEMBANGKAN UMKM DALAM PERSAINGAN GLOBAL

The trend of globalization followed by uncontrolled technological changes has resulted in the growth of businesses that are increasingly changing, those changes must automatically be followed by local actors but the local actors who initially because by accident are unable to compete with large-scale business sectors that start their business by design, experience micro small and Medium Enterprises is good but not supported by good formal knowledge so the results will be inferior to those designed so that the role of polytechnics is needed to provide applicative solutions needed by the micro small and Medium Enterprises actors, polytechnics need an applicable solution because polytechnic education concepts are more practiced than academic. The polytechnic has the role of providing theory and practice in management, accounting, marketing, relationships with banks, networks and practical solutions so that SMEs are able to compete with large companies. Keywords: globalization, vocational education, applicable