Objective: to characterize the epidemiological profile of prostate cancer in men treated at a high-complexity healthcare unit in Bahia, Brazil. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study, carried out in a high-complexity reference unit in a municipality in Bahia, Brazil. An exploratory search of primary data collected from medical records of cancer patients who were starting and/or undergoing treatment was carried out between January 2013 and December 2015. The sample consisted of 662 records, which were submitted to statistical analysis. Results: More than 60% of patients lived in urban areas, about 90% are assisted by the Unified Health System (SUS). Prostate cancer was more prevalent in men over 60 years of age, especially in the 70-79 age group. The histological analysis of the biopsy indicated that most patients were already in the G2 scale, classified as medium risk, with the possibility of advancing to the G3 score - high risk. Conclusion: The epidemiological profile indicated a high prevalence of prostate cancer, with an advanced age range, relevant histological profile for patient surveillance and significant coverage of health care in the public sphere.