High-speed Passenger Transport Research Articles

Formation of alternative routes for passenger trains in the event of non-standard situations

Railway passenger transportation has always had a significant place in the economic, material and technical development of Ukraine. The current conditions are no exception, when in connection with the beginning of a full-scale military invasion of our country, passenger transport assumed responsibility for the timely evacuation of people and their safe relocation to other regions of the country or abroad. Due to the fact that railway transport is of strategic importance for Ukraine, its infrastructure has increased risks of destruction. Each destruction of the railway infrastructure has serious consequences for the organization of the movement of passenger trains, in particular high-speed trains. Therefore, with the aim of reducing the possible costs of organizing the movement of high-speed passenger trains in the event of the destruction of the railway infrastructure and increasing the reliability of the functioning of the high-speed railway passenger transport system in Ukraine, an automated technology for providing an alternative route for the trains of the branch “Ukrainian Railway High-Speed Company” (UZShK) is proposed. The formation of this technology is considered on the example of the most popular passenger direction, namely - Kyiv-Lviv, the topology of which is represented by a weighted graph, where the vertices are railway stations, and the edges are railway sections with a weight in the form of a tuple (time to overcome each section, presence of electrification, bandwidth). The proposed technology also provides for the possibility of attracting additional “shuttle” trains or road transport, in cases where it is necessary to significantly reduce the travel time by an alternative route or the possibility of the arrival of railway transport to the station where it is necessary to board/disembark passengers is excluded. The formalization of this process was carried out by forming an optimization mathematical model according to the criterion of minimum operating costs. The formation of a set of alternative routes was carried out using the adjacency matrix of the graph representing the Kyiv-Lviv transportation direction. The developed technology is proposed to be integrated in the form of a software product for automated workplaces (AWP) of operative personnel in the form of a decision support system (DSP), the algorithm of which is also given in this publication.

The structure of variable assessment of the feasibility of organizing urban passenger transport priority traffic

Problem. An important source of increasing the efficiency of urban transport systems is the development of high-speed connections, which in practice can be achieved by allocating special traffic lanes for urban passenger transport. However, at the stage of justifying such a decision, it is necessary to comprehensively assess the expected positive results and all possible risks, including the complication of traffic conditions. Goal. The purpose of the work is to establish a procedure for determining a rational variant of organizing priority movement of urban passenger transport from the standpoint of evaluating the improvement of the route efficiency and the emergence of critical risks of functioning of the street and road network elements. Methodology. As a basis for establishing the principles of evaluating the options for organization of high-speed urban passenger transport, an analysis of their impact on improving the quality of public transport services, capital costs for the implementation of such measures and possible negative consequences for the street and road network was used. Results. The central part of evaluating the variant of organizing the priority traffic of urban passenger transport is determination of the value of the permissible risk. As a risk, an assessment of the degree of organization of high-speed connections was used, which from the point of view of consumers provides the possibility of obtaining a positive result in relation to travel time, reducing the number of rolling stock on the route and ensuring a suitable level of capacity of the street-road network. Qualitative assessment of the parameters of the risk system is carried out using linguistic variables that can be represented in the form of basic term-sets. For risk factors, such assessments are presented in three variants: low, partial and full compliance with the requirements of the organization of high-speed communication. Originality. The analysis of the systematicity, completeness and interconnectedness of the conditions for the formation of management decisions in the field of choosing an option for the organization of priority urban passenger transport made it possible to form the principles of using a risk system, whose unity is ensured by taking into account the interrelationships of the time parameters of traffic on the route and the conditions of traffic complications on the network. The formation of a fuzzy product includes the description of its components, that is, the prerequisites and the conclusion, whose combination determines the fuzzy product. Input components of products are divided into two groups: route parameters and road network parameters. Practical value. According to the results of experimental calculations for route No. 24 “District 602 – Academika Barabashova metro station” (Kharkiv) established that the implementation of special traffic lanes for urban passenger transport is appropriate only on a separate section of the route. This is due to the fact that on this section of the road network, a pleasant level of risk of traffic complications will be ensured, and a 37% reduction in journey time will lessen the need for rolling stock on the route to 6 units.

СУЩЕСТВУЮЩИЕ МОДЕЛИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ МАРШРУТОВ СКОРОСТНОГО ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ТРАНСПОРТА И ИХ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ВРЕМЯ ПОЕЗДКИ ПАССАЖИРА

Currently, there are no studies in the Russian scientific literature devoted to models of the organization of high-speed passenger transport routes. At the same time, as practice proves, the time of movement of passengers significantly depends on the accepted system of organization of routes. For example, non-stop routes, on the one hand, increase the required volume of rolling stock used for passenger transportation, but, on the other hand, reduce the total transshipment time. The article analyzes approaches to the organization of routes on the high-speed passenger transport network and presents the calculation of the overhead travel time of passengers for different network options. Calculations of the passenger’s traffic speed are given separately, depending on the distance of a trip and the type of transport used. It is pointed out that the optimal choice of the model of the route network of urban passenger transport makes it possible to reduce the cost of infrastructure construction and improve the quality of public services.

Features of the choice of mode of transport in modern conditions

The choice of mode of transport for the carriage of goods or the movement of passengers depends on many factors. The choice of the mode of transport/carrier for a relatively short distance of transportation up to 1000 km was studied. On the scale of the Russian Federation, such a length is typical for transportation between many large cities. In the context of the sanctions policy, it is necessary to revise the logistics schemes for freight and passenger transportation. Temporary difficulties associated with the maintenance of aircraft can be compensated by offers for transportation from the railway transport.It is relevant to study passenger transportation over a distance of up to 1000 km, comparing different types of transport in a number of parameters: convenience of the schedule, transport accessibility of the station/airport, comfort along the way, etc. At the same time, it is important to take into account the needs and wishes of passengers for the trip, analyze the selection criteria, modern conditions, characterized by difficulties in the operation of air transport. The sanctions policy affected passenger air transportation to a greater extent, significantly reducing the number of flights, and there were problems with the operation of aircraft and their maintenance. Rail transport is less influenced by foreign policy, and this can serve as a significant advantage and factor in the growth and development of the industry.A comparison was made of high-speed passenger transport and two air carriers based on an assessment of the selection criteria. Estimates and ranks for each carrier are calculated in accordance with the wishes of passengers.

Optimisation of Russian railways’ high-speed routes in the regions

Rail transport is constantly in development and improvement, as it is one of the most important strategic means of transportation. That is why the optimization of Russian railway routes in this case is an integral element of development. The introduction of a high-speed passenger transportation route makes it possible to increase throughput capacity, improve service conditions, and strengthen the position in the industry. The article points out the necessity of optimising the route from the Ural to the Volga federal districts. The relevance of the topic under study lies in the advantage of railway transport in interspecific competition in the market for the provision of passenger transportation services. The author used the local Moran index in the analysis, studied regional interconnections, and identified clusters. The results of the study are visually represented in the figure, where the dotted line highlights the potential route of high-speed traffic Yekaterinburg–Kazan. The article describes the possible risks of implementing this route, cites optimization expediency factors (increase of interspecific competition).

Sustainable Mechanism of the Entrusted Transportation Management Mode on High-Speed Rail and the Impact of COVID-19: A Case Study of the Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Rail

The transport management mode fundamentally determines the sustainable development of high-speed rail passenger transport (HSRPT), which was shocked by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. In order to study the sustainable development mechanism of HSRPT and the impact of COVID-19, primarily based on the data from the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed rail (HSR) taken from 2018, we adopt system dynamics (SD) to provide a scenario simulation method to examination sustainable operation status of HSRPT under the entrusted transportation management mode (ETMM) by VENSIM, and take into account the following two evaluation indicators: economic and operational. The results show the following: (1) Transportation demand and commissioned transportation management fees play a vital role in the sustainable operation of the Beijing–Shanghai HSR, causing significant changes in transportation revenue and transportation costs. (2) COVID-19 had a great impact on the sustainable operation of the Beijing–Shanghai HSR. In 2020, the turnover and transportation profit of the Beijing–Shanghai HSR fell by 74.31% and 49.19%, respectively. In 2022, the transportation profit can be restored to the level of 2019. The study results reveal that Beijing–Shanghai HSR under the ETMM has a good sustainable development capability.

ВЫСОКОСКОРОСТНЫЕ ЖЕЛЕЗНЫЕ ДОРОГИ В СТРАНАХ ВОСТОКА – ОПЫТ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА И ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ

The advent of high-speed rail reflects the developments in transportation that accompanies the new phase of the industrial revolution. In the article, the author analyzes the features of the construction and operation of high-speed railways in the countries of the East. Special attention is paid to the use of foreign technologies and investments. Under the sanctions imposed on Russia, this experience can be useful for the development of Russian highspeed rail passenger transportation.

Визначення силової характеристики взаємодії системи пасивної безпеки головного вагона з великим транспортним засобом при зіткненні

One of the priorities of the National Economic Strategy of Ukraine for the Period up to 2030 is the development of the transport sector, in particular railway vehicle renewal, the introduction of high-speed railway passenger transport, and railway traffic safety improvement. The home motor-car trains must be renewed in compliance with new home standards harmonized with European ones, among which one should mention the Ukrainian State Standard DSTU EN 15227, which specifies the passive safety of a passenger train in its emergency collisions with different obstacles. New car designs must provide not only effective up-to-date braking systems to prevent emergency collisions, but also passive safety systems with energy-absorbing devices. The main purpose of these devices is to reduce the longitudinal forces in the intercar connections and the car accelerations to an acceptable level for the three collision scenarios specified in the DSTU EN 15227. The Department of Statistical Dynamics and Multidimensional Mechanical Systems Dynamics, Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, developed a passive protection concept for home high-speed passenger trains in emergency collisions by the DSTU EN 15227 scenarios, proposals on the passive protection of a motor-car train head car, and honeycomb designs of lower- and upper-level energy-absorbing devices (EAD 1 and UL EAD, respectively), which are integrated into the head car front part and serve to damp the major part of the impact energy in front collisions with obstacles. This paper considers DSTU EN 15227 Scenario 3: a collision of a reference motor-car train at a speed of 110 km/h at a railway crossing with a large 15 t road vehicle, which is simulated as a large-size deformable obstacle (LSDO). The aim of the paper is to determine the force characteristic of the interaction of energy-absorbing devices mounted on the head car front part with a large road vehicle in a collision to assess the compliance of the proposed passive protection with the normative requirements. Finite-element models were constructed to analyze the plastic deformation of the elements of the EAD 1 – LSDO, UL EAD – LSDO, and EAD 1 – UL EAD –LSDO systems in a collision with account for geometric and physical nonlinearities, steel dynamic hardening as a function of the impact speed, and varying contact interaction between the elements of the systems considered. The studies conducted made it possible to determine the force characteristics of energy-absorbing device – obstacle interaction and the total characteristic of the contact force between two lower-level devices and two upper-level ones as a function of the obstacle center of mass displacement in a collision. The proposed mathematical models and the calculated force characteristics may be used in the study of the dynamics of a reference motor-car train – large road vehicle collision with the aim to assess the compliance of the passive protection of the home head car under design with the DSTU EN 15227 requirements.

High-Speed Passenger Railway Transportation: Priority for Long-Term Developmen

High-speed passenger railway transportation is one of the priorities of scientific and technological development for most of the leading world railway companies that have global plans for construction of new high-speed rail lines (HSR).General review refers to plans of selected countries regarding construction of high-speed railways and the priority technologies/solutions required for the efficient provision of high-speed passenger services, as well as to costs and advantages associated with HSR construction. Besides, comparison of promising technology and adopted technical solutions is followed by assessment of their readiness level, and by features of HS trains operated by leading companies. Most important technologies comprise intelligent systems of autonomous train operation, remote traffic control, digital simulation of interaction of rolling stock and infrastructure, automated decision support systems, geospatial infrastructure monitoring, and real-time remote condition monitoring of rolling stock and infrastructure.Conclusions drawn argue in favour of promising character of research in the field of breakthrough technology conducted by railways, possibilities for Russia to join the countries with most advanced high-speed rail passenger transportation.

Experiments and Simulations of the Secondary Suspension System to Improve the Dynamic Characteristics of HTS Maglev

High temperature superconducting (HTS) magnetic levitation (maglev) has the potential as a high-speed passenger transportation mode owing to its passive stabilization. Our group is constructing a 1500 m-long HTS maglev high speed test line. As a kind of passenger transport, safety and comfort are primary factors for its operation quality. However, the weak damping in HTS maglev system is not enough to suppress the vibration. As a preliminary study of the test line, this article investigates an additional suspension system aiming to improve the dynamic characteristics of HTS maglev through experiments and simulation. We first built an HTS maglev model vehicle composed of a levitation frame and a car body. The dynamic responses were tested based on a dynamic measurement system. Second, a dynamic model of this kind of maglev device was established and the influence of suspension parameters on its vibration performance is analyzed theoretically. Third, this suspension system was applied to an HTS maglev engineering prototype through numerical simulations. Experimental and simulation results manifested that the suspension system can effectively reduce the vibration, especially with high frequencies. This article provides a reference for the design of HTS maglev vehicles.

ESTIMATION OF THE DISTANCE BETWEEN STATIONS OF OVERTAKING TRAINS WHEN ORGANIZING A MIXED HIGH-SPEED, PASSENGER AND FREIGHT TRAFFIC ON A RAILWAY LINE

Purpose. This paper presents the calculation method and result of reasonable station spacing in the organization of mixed high-speed passenger and freight transportation, at different speed combinations and different types of train schedules.
 Methodology. By using the principle of the shortest distance between stations, this paper analyzes the possible layout of passenger and freight trains running at different speeds between Brest and Moscow, and work out the optimal distance between overtaking stations. According to the shortest distance between stations, the blocking method with four-digit automatic should be used when the maximum speed of the passenger train is 250 km/h. The crossing scheme for different types of trains is determined, and the train schedule period (TDS) of each scheme is determined. Calculate the appropriate distance between stations that had been passed through with different trip intervals according to the characteristics of the passing passenger and freight trains. By adopting simulation analysis, the influence of different number of trains and their composition on the station spacing is simulated to work out the reasonable railway station spacing for passenger and freight train with a speed of 250 km / h.
 Findings. In the case of passenger and freight traffic with the speed of 250 km / h, the optimal distance for stations between Brest and Moscow should be around 35 km. In order to make effective use of the existing infrastructure and achieve maximum transit capacity of the railway, it is recommended to increase the speed of the low priority trains.
 Originality. The distance between stations on a line will affect the number of stations on the entire line, as well as the maximum train speed and the number of train pairs. Excessive or insufficient station spacing will affect the transportation capacity and efficiency. Therefore, reasonable station spacing will determine the number of trains and the maximum speed of each train for both passenger and freight.
 Practical value. This paper proposes a method to estimate the reasonable spacing between crossing stations, which can ensure the effective utilization of the capacity of railway sections when high speed passenger trains on existing lines are running at speeds of up to 250 km/h.

Підвищення рівня безпеки залізничних пасажирських та вантажних перевезень

In 2020, the Ukrainian Government conducted an audit of the Ukrainian economy for nearly 30 years of independence and decided on the vectors of economic development aimed at European and Euro-Atlantic integration. The audit of the Ukrainian railways showed that most of the railway assets are critically worn. The audit and the vectors became a starting point for the development of the National Economic Strategy of Ukraine up to 2030, which was approved on March 3, 2021. One of the priorities of this strategy is the development of the transport sector by a succession of steps, including railway track and vehicle renewal, the introduction of high-speed passenger transport, and increasing railway traffic safety and environment safety on the Urrainian railways. The aim of this paper is to work out recommendations on increasing the safety of passenger and freight traffic in Ukraine. The paper generalizes the experience gained over the years of Ukrainian independence in the fundamental and applied transport-oriented reseach conducted at the Department of Sttistical Dynamics and Multidimensional Mechanical Systems, Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine. This experience may be useful in the implementation of the above steps on the way to the sustainable development of the Ukrainian railway transport. In the paper, emphasis is on new investigations into the passive propection of the cars of a motor car train in emergency collisions whose scenarios are specified by Ukrainian State Standard DSTU EN 15227. Based on a mathematical model of a collision of identical motor car trains, a mathematical model was developed to simulate a collision of a motor car train with a large vehicle at a crossing with account for a specified force characteristic of interaction of the leading car equipped with a passive safety system with a deformable obstacle. The model developed was used in analyzing dynamic loads on the cars of a motor car train with a passive safety system in its collision at 110 km/h with a 15 t large vehicle at a railway crossing. With consideration for the results of previous investigations into the dynamics of emergency collisions of a motor car train with an identical train and a fright car, recommendations were worked out on the passive protection of a home-made leading car in accordance with the requirements of normative documents. The proposed mathematical models and designs of energy-absorbing devices, the research results, and the practical recommendations worked out may be used in designing new motor car train vehicles for the Ukrainian railways in accordance with the DSTU EN 15227 requirements for passive protection in emergency collisions.

INTELLIGENT HIGH-SPEED PASSENGER ELECTRIC TRANSPORT (ISET-150) FOR LARGE CITIES OF UKRAINE

The high-speed passenger transport development is one of the most important tasks for the successful functioning of any large or largest city transport system. The modern society of the biggest cities-megalopolises needs a constant increase in the volume of transport communications. This requires an increase in costs to improve the infrastructure of the transport network, turning it into a flexible, highly manageable logistics system. However, this significantly increases the risk of investment, if one does not take into account the patterns of development of the transport network, the distribution of load on its sections. Ignoring these patterns leads to frequent traffic jams (transport congestion), overloading, an increase in the accident rate, and a complete dependence on the cost of oil products. Lack of developed infrastructure for road transport and low-speed public transport significantly hampers economic development. Therefore, a radical increase in public investment in stimulating the urban economy would necessarily include modernization of transport infrastructure. All infrastructural activities should be carried out on the territory of the country – thereby creating new jobs and strengthening the industry. Well-chosen infrastructure projects that provide conditions for economic development for decades and for many generations represent the best use of public debt capital.
 For creation in large cities of Ukraine, especially with difficult climatic and geological conditions, with difficult climatic and geological conditions, as well as with a poorly developed highway system, a new overhead electric high-speed passenger, economy and environmentally friendly, transport, with cabins, is proposed.
 To organize the safe movement of controlled crews with passengers, the theory of saturated traffic flows was used, which describes the movement of crews in a stream as a continuous change in the states of acceleration, uniform movement and braking, i.e. synchronized three phases «start-go-stop» in one control algorithm.

ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЕКЗОГЕННИХ ФАКТОРІВ, ЩО ОБУМОВЛЮЮТЬ РОЗВИТОК ВИСОКОШВИДКІСНИХ ПАСАЖИРСЬКИХ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ

The article proves the need to develop high-speed railway transport, due to the fact that the last decade of travel on high-speed trains around the world is often faster than on airplanes, due to the lack of lengthy check-in, baggage screening, airport transfers and others. This type of transportation is becoming a major factor in the growing trend when passengers choose a high-speed train instead of an airplane. A detailed analysis of high-speed railway transport activities and their competitive advantages in the domestic and world transport markets are outlined. It is proved that in the conditions of cardinal transformation of the external environment caused by globalization, digitalization and intellectualization of world economy the guarantee of efficiency of strategy of development of any business entity is establishment of exogenous factors. The necessity of using methods and models of strategic management in the process of development of high-speed railway transportation in Ukraine is substantiated, as well as the necessity of determining the corresponding exogenous factors. The study identified the following key factors: intensification of international traffic, development of subversive technologies for trains and new transport systems, introduction of multimodal high-speed railway passenger transport technologies, development of multimodal transport infrastructure for high-speed railway passenger transport, development of private passenger transport, partnerships in the use of various forms of state support, digitalization of business processes of high-speed railway passenger transportation, development of intelligent transport systems for high-speed railway passenger transportation, improving customer service of high-speed railway passenger transportation, increasing reliability and safety of rail passenger-passenger transportation cross-border cooperation during the development of high high-speed railway passenger traffic. This will create a basis for determining the impact of macroeconomic conditions on the development of high-speed passenger railway transport and establish the patterns of their economic growth.

MATH SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF INNER DESIGN OF TAPERED CARTRIDGE BEARING UNITS FOR 1520 RAIL SPACE

Development of high-speed passenger transportation is closely related to the application of closed tapered cassette bearing units. Due to the fact that the above mentioned closed cassette bearing units do not have grease replacement, wear products remain inside the bearing during the whole operation period and later through increasing of their amount they start to work as an abrasive causing almost exponential intensified wear. To get high operational parameters (8 years of service life or 800 thousand kilometers of maintenance-free run) during designing of closed bearing units it is required to provide limited decrease of wear. Main features of mathematical simulation and optimization of inner geometry of tapered cassette bearings are considered in the paper. The goal of this research was development of specified mathematical models to define features of loading and stress-strain behavior as well as further optimization of inner geometry of double row tapered cassette bearings for 1520 gauge railways. Finite element method was taken as the main method of research. At the first stage mathematical model included adapter, double row outer ring, tapered rollers, two inner rings, wheel set axle, wheel and rail that were in mutual non-linear contact interaction. The bearing unit itself was explored at the second stage – closed tapered “cassette” to define distribution of loading in circumferential direction. In the result of performed work it was investigated several typical sizes of tapered cassette of double row cassette bearings – 130x230 mm, 150x250 mm and 130x250 mm. The authors developed complex multi-contact finite element model to analyze stress-strain behavior, strength and durability of tapered “cassette” for 1520 gauge railways. Main patterns of stress-strain behavior and optimum inner geometry of tapered cassette were developed.

Research on the Joint Decision Model of High-speed Railway Dynamic pricing and Ticket allocation

In response to the problems such as failure to improve revenue with current static and fixed prices of the same OD in high-speed railways, according to the theory of revenue management, based on the passenger flow given by the railway, on the basis of basic ticket allocation model, the high-speed train ticket pre-sale period is divided into several pre-sale phases, with the revenue of high-speed railway maximization as the goal, building the joint decision model of high-speed railway dynamic pricing and ticket allocation. The model is verified by an example, and the results of the model proposed in this paper are compared with those of the basic ticket allocation model. The results show that the model proposed in this paper can not only improve the revenue and seat occupancy rate, but also provide passengers with highspeed railway passenger transport products at different prices.

Seat allocation model for high-speed railway passenger transportation based on flexible train composition

Seat inventory control is a crucial technique for railway revenue management. In literature, most of the existing seat allocation models assume a fixed capacity like classical revenue management. To extend the literature, this paper relaxes the assumption of fixed capacity by flexible train composition and discusses the effect of flexible train composition. The probabilistic nonlinear programming model is proposed for high-speed railway passenger service network formed by multi trains with different stop schedule plans. The model is transformed into equivalent linear programming which can be solved by ILGO CPLEX quickly. This paper makes seat inventory control and train composition decisions simultaneously considering stochastic demand and passenger choice behaviour. Numerical experiment results show that the policy under flexible train composition is superior to that under fixed train composition. The sensitive analysis shows that demand intensity, fare classes and elasticity of demand have a significant impact on the policy. The proposed model can provide a decision-making basis for discount sales and ticket allocation under flexible train composition in railway passenger operation.

FORMATION METHODOLOGY OF MULTIMODAL PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM OF MOSCOW AGGLOMERATION, USING GRAPH THEORY

The article considers the prerequisites for the creation of a unified transport infrastructure in Moscow and the Moscow region. High-speed passenger transport is proposed as the basis of such a system, its ad-vantages are considered. The environmental aspects that must be taken into account are defined. The role of transport hubs in transit-oriented development of the agglomeration territory is revealed. The analysis of documents of territorial planning, domestic and foreign scientific experience for determination of the most perspective direction of research on this problem is carried out. The necessary elements of graph theory for the study are considered. The methodology of the study is determined. Analogies are drawn between urban planning terminology and definitions used in graph theory. The boundaries of the studied territory are de-termined. The analysis of urban-planning documentation on the basis of which transport and planning char-acteristics of communities are revealed is carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects for further research in this direction, as well as about the environmental aspect in the development of transport infrastructure in the Moscow region.

Collaborative optimisation of resource capacity allocation and fare rate for high-speed railway passenger transport

The reasonable pricing of high-speed railway tickets and the optimal allocation of transport resource capacity can not only enhance competitiveness in the transport market, but also reasonably coordinate the revenue of the enterprise and utilities to passengers. This study uses price signals to adjust resource capacity allocation; and develops a co-optimisation model of resource capacity allocation and fare rates of high-speed trains in different train operation routes. The developed model aims at the comprehensive optimisation of railway enterprise's revenue and passengers' travel benefits, with the ratio of supply-demand and the floating rate of the fare as the main constraints. The Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm is applied to obtain the seat resource allocation scheme and the optimal fare rate for each train operation route. Finally, the case analysis is carried out to test the model and the algorithm. Based on a statistical analysis of actual ticket sale data of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway for a certain month, the optimal unit fare and optimal seat resource allocation scheme are obtained to meet the corresponding passenger demand. The case analysis shows that after optimisation by the proposed method, the total value of the objective function is 2.04% higher than that before optimisation.

Экономические аспекты развития высокоскоростного наземного пассажирского транспорта в мире и на постсоветском пространстве

Экономические аспекты развития высокоскоростного наземного пассажирского транспорта в мире и на постсоветском пространстве