Development Of Transportation Industry Research Articles

Evaluation of environmental and economic efficiency of transportation in China based on SBM model

In recent years, the rapid development of transportation industry brings economic benefits, at the same time, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. The emission of CO2 intensifies the trend of global warming. How to measure the development of environment and economy is a huge challenge for us. This paper proposes a data envelopment analysis (DEA) method based on slacks-based measure (SBM) to evaluate the environmental and economic performance of the transportation industry from 2015 to 2017. According to the economic region, 30 provinces in China are divided into northeast, east, central and western regions for efficiency analysis. The model can determine the low efficiency decision units and finally put forward improvement suggestions for the low efficiency areas.

External Economic Effects of Air Transport Development due to the Liberalization

The paper is devoted to research of the impact of gradual liberalization of aviation market on the country’s air transport industry development and on formation of external economic components of the country's GDP connected to it directly: export and import of air transport services. The study of the relationship between the operation indicators of air transport and formed external economic effects has been conducted using comparative, correlative and regression analysis based on the statistical data of Ukraine, which has its own air transport industry and is on the path of aviation liberalization. A strong dependence of the export of air transport services on the total number of international flights and its passengers was revealed. This determines the feasibility of tracking the external economic effects in the design of changes on directions and means of further development of country's air transport sector.

Research on Safe Driving Evaluation Method Based on Machine Vision and Long Short-Term Memory Network

The rapid development of transportation industry has brought some potential safety hazards. Aiming at the problem of driving safety, the application of artificial intelligence technology in safe driving behavior recognition can effectively reduce the accident rate and economic losses. Based on the presence of interference signals such as spatiotemporal background mixed signals in the driving monitoring video sequence, the recognition accuracy of small targets such as human eyes is low. In this paper, an improved dual-stream convolutional network is proposed to recognize the safe driving behavior. Based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), attention mechanism (AM) is integrated into a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network structure, and the hybrid dual-stream AM-LSTM convolutional network channel is designed. The spatial stream channel uses the CNN method to extract the spatial characteristic value of video image and uses pyramid pooling instead of traditional pooling, normalizing the scale transformation. The time stream channel uses a single-shot multibox detector (SSD) algorithm to calculate the adjacent two frames of video sequence for the detection of small objects such as face and eyes. Then, AM-LSTM is used to fuse and classify dual-stream information. The self-built driving behavior video image set is built. ROC, accuracy rate, and loss function experiments are carried out in the FDDB database, VOT100 data set, and self-built video image set, respectively. Compared with CNN, SSD, IDT, and dual-stream recognition methods, the accuracy rate of this method can be improved by at least 1.4%, and the average absolute error in four video sequences can be improved by more than 2%. On the contrary, in the self-built image set, the recognition rate of doze reaches 68.3%, which is higher than other methods. The experimental results show that this method has good recognition accuracy and practical application value.

The Visibility of Multisensor Fusion Technology in Public Art Design

This exploration is aimed at improving the efficiency and safety of fully automatic line operation in public space. From the perspective of multisensor fusion technology, the definition, development status, and design principles of public art, as well as the related applications of multisensor fusion technology theory and image fusion theory, are introduced by consulting relevant literature. Then, the scheme of subway platform door gap antipinch detection system based on multisensor fusion and the obstacle detection method of tram in transit are proposed. Finally, through the method of questionnaire, the passengers’ cognition of public art in subway space and the concerned components of public art in subway space are analyzed. The results show that the subway space art content loved by passengers is mainly daily life, and the degree of love can reach 28%, followed by local customs, culture, and fashion trends, with a degree of love of 23%. Besides, the problem of obstacle detection of tram in transit is also studied, and a new obstacle detection method combining visual sensor transmission detection and lidar detection is proposed. This method can quickly and accurately identify unsafe factors. Therefore, the research on the visibility of multisensor fusion technology in public art design has great reference significance for the rapid development of transportation industry.

КОРУПЦІЙНА СКЛАДОВА В ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ: РОЛЬОВИЙ СЕГМЕНТ ТА ПОНЯТІЙНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Domestic railway transport suffers from a number of problems that hinder its development. At the same time, the manifestations of corruption intensified, which resulted in the violation of the planned development plans for the future. As a rule, railway transport must function safely, combine the interests of the country with the interests of persons using transport services, promote competition, ensure equal access to its strategic infrastructure, as well as sustainable operation in a special period. However, every year the problems of transport industry development deepen, on the one hand, low level of fixed assets renewal, high level of rolling stock wear, low density of railways, low coefficient of electrification of railways, low speed of cargo delivery, technical and technological backwardness of infrastructure; on the other hand - a high level of transport capacity of GDP, transport services, low share of wages in the provided transportation service, air pollution and a high level of final energy consumption. Only these factors indicate the need for immediate implementation of measures that can ensure the reform of the system of organization of operation and management of the railway transport sector. One of the rather influential factors in slowing down the process of renewing the transport sector is corruption, which reduces cash flows for this type of work, as well as a certain level of imperfection of the legal framework, which should provide tools for anti-corruption actions. Studying the problem of corruption, scholars have drawn attention to different positions on the interpretation of it as a conceptual category. The research emphasizes the expediency and need to clarify the conceptual framework from the standpoint of corruption, which will allow politicians, scientists, top management of large, medium and small businesses operating in the railway sector to make decisions on a more substantive basis. Attention is drawn to the existing scientific positions on the interpretation of the definition of “corruption” with coverage of existing regulations aimed at overcoming it. The author's vision of the essential characteristic of the definitions “corruption in the field of railway transport” and “corruption event on the railway” is offered.

Grey correlation analysis of influencing factors on logistics transportation development in Guizhou province

Transportation is an indispensable link in the logistics industry, so this paper uses the “gray correlation for analysis of the factors on the logistics transportation industry development in Guizhou Province” as the theme. Firstly, it briefly analyzes the development status and existing problems of the logistics transportation industry in Guizhou Province. Secondly, it mainly analyzes the highway freight volume, railway freight volume, and their main influencing factors through the gray correlation degree method. This paper tries to find out the main factors influencing logistics transportation in Guizhou Province and gives some suggestions based on these results.

АНАЛІЗ СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ВОДНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ УКРАЇНИ ТА СВІТУ

This article is dedicated to the study of the market of freight and passenger transportation by water in the world and Ukraine in order to identify the prevailing trends in the industry. The statistical data and scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on the current functioning and prospects of water transport were the main basis of the study. The authors analyzed the volume of freight transport by water, identified the main transportation routes and the distance thereof, and the development of maritime transport in different countries was analyzed as well. In the course of study the components affecting the efficiency of water transport enterprises, and generate the indicators of the development rate thereof in particular countries. It is established in this work that it is possible to assess the state of development of Ukrainian maritime transport on a global scale using the Global Competitiveness Index, which is generated according to the methodology of the World Economic Forum, in particular, water transport is assessed on two indicators: integration into the international transportation routes and port efficiency. The authors performed a comparative analysis of the Global Competitiveness Index in different countries, which convincingly proves the need for development of transport infrastructure of a state, which is part of the overall infrastructure development in the country. In this work the main problems of the transport industry development are identified, the factors of negative impact on the state and prospects of river and maritime transport enterprises of Ukraine, including obsolescence or lack of navigational infrastructure, and lack of a systematic approach to water logistics construction, and obsolescence and insufficiency of the fleet, and the lack of qualified personnel in the industry, as well as the lack of state regulation and the lack of state support; unsatisfactory investment climate in the country as a whole, the complexity of registration and high cost of international cabotage in both sea and river water areas of Ukraine, etc. The authors substantiated the ways of counteracting the identified factors and defined the directions of development of water transport enterprises, as well as measures proposed separately for river and maritime transport.

ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ТРАСПОРТНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ УКРАЇНИ

In the article considered the current state of the transport industry of Ukraine. The existing strategic direction of development of the transport industry is analyzed on the basis of the document "National Transport Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2030". Determined main measures and directions of strategic development of the transport sector of Ukraine. Analyzed world recognition of the transport industry of Ukraine on the basis of the logistics efficiency index (LPI - logistics performance index) of the World Bank. Carried out analysis of the LPI indicator and its elements influencing the calculated value of the logistics efficiency index. The effective values of the logistics efficiency index and its elements are grouped according to the research conducted in 2007, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018 in relation to Ukraine. Researched index of logistics efficiency as a tool for measuring the rating position of the transport industry development among the world countries. Identified main directions and prospects of development of the transport sector of Ukraine in order to achieve the goals in accordance with the strategic document for the development of the transport sector of Ukraine "National Transport Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2030". A methodological approach to the statistical calculation of the Logistics Performance Index and its application as an adequate tool for measuring the level of logistics development in different countries is proposed by the World Bank. Increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of the transport sector is an important element for improving the legal mechanism of public-private partnership, strengthening cooperation between the state and the private sector, public authorities, and local governments, carrying out necessary reforms, including decentralization, especially through coordinated initiatives of state policy. Implementation of the National Transport Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2030 will provide a solid foundation for sustainable development of the transport sector and the creation of a free and competitive market for transport services.

Critical Tendencies in the Transport Industry and Factors that Determine them

Statement of the problem. The paper examines the problem of changing the global transport infrastructure. The goal is to identify critical tendencies in the transport industry and possible causes of their occurrence. Methodology. Tendencies in the transport sector in Russia, Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and the Netherlands were analyzed. The most significant factors affecting the occurrence of road accidents are identified, as well as ways to reduce the occurrence of accidents. The concept of transport conflict and possible ways to avoid it are considered. Research result. The existing classification of factors influencing the development of the region’s transport system was supplemented. The causes of global tendencies that significantly change the transport industry are identified, and critical tendencies that are formed in the transport sector in various countries of the World are also identified. The recommendations of the European Commission on ensuring the safety of road freight transport as the most promising are considered. Conclusion. In conclusion, the features of the transport industry development are identified. Key tendencies were presented, as well as the degree of achievement of the goal set in the study.

Analysis on the New Green Total Factor Productivity of Transportation Industry

Combined with the new requirements of high-quality economic development for the transportation industry, this paper improves the total factor productivity(TFP) index system from the perspective of economic, social and environmental factors. This paper selects panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2007 to 2018, uses the Super-efficiency Slack Based Model and GML index to make a comprehensive evaluation and analysis on the change of TFP in China’s transportation industry. The empirical results show that the new green TFP can more objectively reflect the economic growth and technological progress of the transportation industry after the environmental factors and social costs are included in the evaluation system. During the sample study period, the TFP of the transportation industry shows a trend of first decreasing and then significantly increasing. Moreover, the empirical results varies significantly among provinces and regions, and the TFP value of the eastern region is obviously better than that of the central and western regions. Finally, this paper gives policy suggestions on how to promote the high-quality development of transportation industry in different regions.

Accounting and control features of the using of spare parts (pneumatic tires, rechargeable batteries) on motor transport enterprises

The modern approach to accounting of reusable spare parts of motor transport enterprise (MTE) envisages including of pneumatic tires and storage batteries in the complement of current assets. The share of costs for their maintenance in the total cost of transportation services amounts to 25 %, and under these conditions makes it impossible for a sufficient level of internal control (IC) to use such assets effectively. A number of scientists has investigated this issue; however, a unified approach has not been determined, which proves the pressing research problem. Hence, in times of crisis, the issue of accounting improvement, which will lead to optimization of the cost of MTE services cost, becomes especially relevant. The purpose of the research is to summarize the existing regulatory and accounting principles for the accounting of reusable spare parts, to analyze the system (IC) of the use of spare parts of MTE, to develop recommendations fortheir improvement and practical use. Achieving this goal requires the following tasks: to investigate the features of accounting for the use of spare parts of MTE and to determine the current methodological basis for controlling their use; to analyse tendencies of development of the transport industry of Ukraine, activity and features of accounting of tires and accumulators at MTE (PC "Avtomobilni Perevezennya "Avtoera"); based on the results of the analysis, provide recommendations for improving the organizational and methodological basis of accounting for reusable parts with the introduction of component accounting; to develop accounting support for the process of renting pneumatic tires for PC "AP "Avtoera". The tasks are set in the work, solved using the following methods: systematization; abstract-logical analysis; empirical research (in studying the normative and theoretical basis of accounting and control of the use of pneumatic tires); classification and analytical; statistical and comparative analysis (using Microsoft Excel tools in the analysis of the financial state of PC "AP "Avtoera" to determine the main prerequisites for improving the accounting and control system for the use of pneumatic tires); testing the internal control system; dialectical and comparative (to summarize the results obtained); logical (to build the structure and summarize the results of the research). The work generalizes and analyzes the theoretical and methodological principles of accounting for pneumatic tires and batteries at motor transport enterprises, identifies alternative options for tire accounting and contradictory points that need correction, and formulates a working hypothesis. The tendencies of development of the Ukrainian transport industry, activities and features of accounting of tires and accumulators for MTE (PC "AP "Avtoera") analyzed. Improvement oforganizational and methodological bases of accounting for spare parts with introduction of component accounting is proposed; accounting support for the process of renting pneumatic tires was developed, recommendations were made to make changes to the accounting policy of the company, in accordance with the proposed directions for improving the organization of accounting for the use of pneumatic tires and batteries.

Optimization of Tawa Landslide Treatment Scheme Based on the AHP-Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method

In recent years, with the rapid economic growth, China invested a great deal of time and energy to public infrastructure construction, therefore obtained the rapid development of transportation industry, especially highways and railways. However, in the process of expressway construction, geological disasters are often accompanied by it, especially landslides. Nowadays, China advocates ecological restoration, and some landslides and slopes need effective treatment to restore the ecological environment. This article takes Tawa landslide as an example, and adopts the AHP-fuzzy comprehensive analysis method to optimize different treatment plans, so as to obtain the optimal treatment plan for the landslide.

Factors related to development of cruise shipping industry

In recent decades, there has been a strong growth of the cruise industry, which has managed to develop innovative concepts in terms of safety and security service and to offer attractive vacation to the exotic destinations around the world. Thus, the cruising has gradually become a major part of the tourism sector and has become one of the main economic factors for development of shipping industry. Based on analysis of the global demand on cruising this article defines the factors influencing the development of cruise fleet and leading cruise lines and provide a vision for future efforts in field having in mind also the dynamic changes in current situation.

The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Transport Industry Development

Information and communication technology (ICT) has been a part of global life and also has a positive impact on human welfare. ICT involves activity, hardware, and electronic software that execute processing, transmission, and displaying information. This study aims to investigate the impacts of ICT on economic welfare. The data used were from the World Development Indicators of the World Bank for 82 countries during 2009 through 2017. The dependent variable was GDP per capita and the independent variables were ICT indicators, measured by the number of automated teller machines (ATMs), fixed broadband subscriptions, and mobile cellular subscriptions. The data were analyzed employing a random effects regression model for panel data. The results of study indicate that the number of ATMs, fixed broadband subscriptions, and mobile cellular subscriptions had significant effects on GDP per capita statistically. Higher economic welfare was associated with higher number of ATMs, fixed broadband subscriptions, and mobile cellular subscriptions.

INVESTIGATING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN STABILIZED EXCAVATION BY NAILING AND ADJACENT URBAN TUNNELS: CASE STUDY

Urban development could be evaluated by considering the transportation and construction industries. The transportation industry development causes an increase in the urban subway lines as well as underground tunnels. Concerning the construction industry, the large-scale buildings development such as commercial malls, high-rise buildings, and underground parking structures may require deep excavations at metropolitan projects. In this paper, a parametric study is carried out by considering the distance of a tunnel from a retaining wall with the staged construction. PLAXIS 2.0D ver.8.5 software is used as an analysis tool. The results show that existing tunnels are affected more than retaining walls during an excavation when the structural response is considered. By increasing the horizontal distance of tunnel center from the wall, lateral displacement and the bending moment of the tunnel would decrease 14% and the vertical displacement and bending moment of tunnel’s Crown would reduce by 15% and 12%, respectively. These interaction effects become negligible after a distance of 5 times the tunnel diameter. Besides, the existence of the tunnel in the vicinity of excavations would increase the top horizontal displacement of the retaining wall by about 13%. It is worthwhile to point out that the current paper is based on a case study on Sharif University multistory underground parking located near the subway tunnel in Tehran city stabilized by deploying a nailing and anchorage system.

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The emergence of “Industrialization 4.0” concept in Germany has received wide interest from European countries and Russia. The idea of creating a suitable digital platform that unites all sectors of the country economy in a single place is promising for the domestic transport industry development. In particular, the digitalization of chartering, operation and maintenance of the fleet within a single electronic platform could reduce the time spent on the certain operations, improve communication between shipowners and charterers, as well as between departments and technical services of the transport company, and convert most of the documentation to electronic format, reduce part of the company costs. In order to realize this idea, it is necessary to have a well-designed schedule of the decision chain of not only the office personnel of the shipowning company, but also of all structures involved in sea and water transport.In the framework of this paper, applying a network modeling method to build a model of the decisions sequence of office workers in water transport is proposed. For this, it is proposed to consider one of the commercial processes in sea and river transport, namely, chartering of tonnage. So, for the purposes of the study, a network diagram of the decision chain when the charter is being agreed and made is built, a series of experiments showing the rules of changing the temporal values of this process is carried out, an analysis of the reasons affecting these changes is made. Based on the work results, a forecast regarding changes in document management, in operational and communication processes after the electronic platforms introduction in the work of freight departments of the water transport enterprises is made.

Intersections at different levels - an alternative solution to the development of the road network

Modern road network should provide conditions for safe and comfortable movement, both for drivers and for pedestrians. Transport industry development specialists face such transport problem as the low capacity of the road network. Low capacity causes congestion in the road network, disruptions in the organization of normal traffic flow, traffic jams, an increase in the number of traffic accidents. One way to solve this transportation problem is to use alternative solutions when designing. These solutions include constructing the intersections at different levels. The aim of the study is to compile data on alternative diamond-shaped intersections at different levels with a change in the side of movement. The main results of the study are that at the moment there are three schemes of a diamond-shaped intersection with a change in the side of the movement. These types of intersections have a smaller number of conflict points, compared with the intersection of the diamond type. The experience in the operation of road sections with diamond intersections showed a decrease in accident rates. Cyclists and pedestrians can use the junctions as well. The results of the study give an idea of the level of design of alternative types of intersections abroad. Considered interchanges can be used not only when at crossings of high-category roads, but also in cities, in the conditions of the existing development.

Information systems of passenger transportation forecast in Transbaikal region

The paper is concerned with the qualitative assessment of socio-economic development of transport industry of the region made with a help of information systems and mathematical methods. The object of this study is a railway transportation system in Transbaikal region. The research was made on the basis of a priori and posteriori approach with the use of recessionary analysis and correlation. The research of basic trends in socio-economic development of Transbaikal region during a long period of time (10 years) comprising the periods of growth and stagnation made it possible to reveal a set of models which affects the volume of transportation. This will help to forecast a strategy of development of Transbaikal region. The article contains the results of empirical study on interconnection between a set of factors and a volume of passenger transportation in Transbaikal region.

Design and implementation of ITS Architecture based on Big Data

With the progress of social economy and the rapid development of transportation industry, in the face of the rapid growth of urban road traffic data, this paper puts forward the design scheme of intelligent traffic analysis system based on Hadoop. In this paper, HBase distributed database is used to store urban road static RDF data, hive data warehouse is used to store urban road traffic data, and MapReduce programming model is used to store massive and heterogeneous urban road traffic data The urban road traffic data are analyzed, and the whole scheme is verified by the prototype system.

Countermeasures and suggestions regarding the development of low carbon transport

The transport industry is the main sector of China’s energy consumption, while the urban transport is the main way of China’s carbon emissions. Therefore, the development of low carbon transport is not only the significant way to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, but also the inevitable trend for future development of transport industry. This paper introduces the present status and fundamental connotation, characteristics and implementation path of low carbon transport. On such basis, this paper illustrates the international experiences of low carbon transport, and analyzes the main problems existing in the development of urban low carbon transport in China. This paper also provides the countermeasures and suggestions regarding the development of low carbon transport in China.