АНАЛІЗ СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ВОДНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ УКРАЇНИ ТА СВІТУ

Abstract

This article is dedicated to the study of the market of freight and passenger transportation by water in the world and Ukraine in order to identify the prevailing trends in the industry. The statistical data and scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on the current functioning and prospects of water transport were the main basis of the study. The authors analyzed the volume of freight transport by water, identified the main transportation routes and the distance thereof, and the development of maritime transport in different countries was analyzed as well. In the course of study the components affecting the efficiency of water transport enterprises, and generate the indicators of the development rate thereof in particular countries. It is established in this work that it is possible to assess the state of development of Ukrainian maritime transport on a global scale using the Global Competitiveness Index, which is generated according to the methodology of the World Economic Forum, in particular, water transport is assessed on two indicators: integration into the international transportation routes and port efficiency. The authors performed a comparative analysis of the Global Competitiveness Index in different countries, which convincingly proves the need for development of transport infrastructure of a state, which is part of the overall infrastructure development in the country. In this work the main problems of the transport industry development are identified, the factors of negative impact on the state and prospects of river and maritime transport enterprises of Ukraine, including obsolescence or lack of navigational infrastructure, and lack of a systematic approach to water logistics construction, and obsolescence and insufficiency of the fleet, and the lack of qualified personnel in the industry, as well as the lack of state regulation and the lack of state support; unsatisfactory investment climate in the country as a whole, the complexity of registration and high cost of international cabotage in both sea and river water areas of Ukraine, etc. The authors substantiated the ways of counteracting the identified factors and defined the directions of development of water transport enterprises, as well as measures proposed separately for river and maritime transport.