КОРУПЦІЙНА СКЛАДОВА В ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ: РОЛЬОВИЙ СЕГМЕНТ ТА ПОНЯТІЙНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Abstract

Domestic railway transport suffers from a number of problems that hinder its development. At the same time, the manifestations of corruption intensified, which resulted in the violation of the planned development plans for the future. As a rule, railway transport must function safely, combine the interests of the country with the interests of persons using transport services, promote competition, ensure equal access to its strategic infrastructure, as well as sustainable operation in a special period. However, every year the problems of transport industry development deepen, on the one hand, low level of fixed assets renewal, high level of rolling stock wear, low density of railways, low coefficient of electrification of railways, low speed of cargo delivery, technical and technological backwardness of infrastructure; on the other hand - a high level of transport capacity of GDP, transport services, low share of wages in the provided transportation service, air pollution and a high level of final energy consumption. Only these factors indicate the need for immediate implementation of measures that can ensure the reform of the system of organization of operation and management of the railway transport sector. One of the rather influential factors in slowing down the process of renewing the transport sector is corruption, which reduces cash flows for this type of work, as well as a certain level of imperfection of the legal framework, which should provide tools for anti-corruption actions. Studying the problem of corruption, scholars have drawn attention to different positions on the interpretation of it as a conceptual category. The research emphasizes the expediency and need to clarify the conceptual framework from the standpoint of corruption, which will allow politicians, scientists, top management of large, medium and small businesses operating in the railway sector to make decisions on a more substantive basis. Attention is drawn to the existing scientific positions on the interpretation of the definition of “corruption” with coverage of existing regulations aimed at overcoming it. The author's vision of the essential characteristic of the definitions “corruption in the field of railway transport” and “corruption event on the railway” is offered.