Development Of Innovative Activities Research Articles

Інноваційні технології навчання фізики в контексті stem-освіти в закладах вищої освіти технічного профілю

The article is devoted to the digital laboratory Cobra-4, which is one of the means of introducing STEM-education into the educational process of studying natural sciences in technical institutions of higher education. Object of research is methodology for teaching physics using innovative technologies in the context of STEM education. The purpose of the article is to highlight the introduction of innovative technologies, namely, digital laboratories in the teaching of physics using interdisciplinary and integrated approaches in the context of STEM education in higher education institutions of technical profile. The main components of this kit and the list of experiments in physics are considered. The article analyzes the development of innovation activity of Ukraine in relation to the international indices of innovations. Objects and subjects of innovations are considered. It has been determined and grounded that the introduction of digital technologies during the study of natural phenomena and processes changes the nature of the student's operational activity, since under these conditions the nature of such activities differs from the composition of the actions that the student must perform, making a real experimental installation and working with the subject and measuring instruments. Prospects for further research are the improvement of this educational equipment, which consists in the development of a methodology and technique for the implementation of a training experiment in physics in institutions of higher education of a technical profile in the context of the development of STEM education.

Current State of the Regional Innovation Policy Implementation in Ukraine

Problem setting. In the context of the formation of a national innovation system in Ukraine, there is a need to implement an effective regional innovation policy aimed at ensuring high innovation potential in the region, applying a system of measures to activate innovative regional development and ensuring an adequate level of investment in the economy of the regions. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Among the studies on the development of the national innovation system and the formation of innovative infrastructure should be noted the work of legal scholars such as S. Glibko, O. Rozgon, A. Strizhkova. The target of research this article is to analyze the problems of implementing regional innovation policy.Article’s main body. The main objective of regional innovation policy is to create in the region a favorable innovation environment for the successful implementation of the process of obtaining, accumulation, enrichment of scientific knowledge and their effective transformation into technology and products, introduction of these products into important sectors of economy and social sphere. The main goal of regional innovation policy should be to create conditions for the formation of effective innovation infrastructure, to enhance the competitiveness of regional industries, to maintain in the region positive conditions for improving the socio-economic indicators of the region through the effective use of its innovation potential, and increase the level of development of scientific spheres. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Regional innovation policy should be effective and balanced, aimed at creating a favorable innovation and investment climate, conditions for development of innovative activity and overcoming regional disparities, while its implementation should identify the goals and directions of activity of regional state authorities and coordinated actions of relevant entities activities.

Проблеми регулювання інноваційної діяльності на підприємствах

Innovation activities are an integral part of the national development strategy. Science and technology progress requires the effective implementation of innovations at the enterprises, which will en able them to meet the new requirements of the external and internal environment. However, there are many problems that hamper the development of enterprises. One of the main issues is the lack of implementation of innovation activities. In this work, the main factors that hinder the dynamic development of innovation activities at the enterprises are defined. The share of research and development (R&D) in the Ukrainian GDP, the internal spending on R&D, the R&D personnel in 2010–2017 are analyzed. The sources of funding and industrial property are identified. The criteria of enterprises that choose the innovative path of development are determined. These indicators characterize not only the problems of enterprises, but of the economy as a whole. To formulate the innovation plan, it is necessary to determine the innovations to be implemented by the enterprise, which is a complex task both in organizational, technical and financial terms. Constant changes in the market environment, new needs of consumers, the accelerating science and technology development in other countries are factors making modern enterprises engage in innovation activities.

INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF BUSINESS ENTITIES ACTIVITY ON INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY OF THE COUNTRY

Introduction. In today's conditions of economic development, business entities face the challenge of reformatting systems, methods, methods and economic mechanisms for managing sustainability in terms of innovative approach. Therefore, the solution of economic, social, managerial and personal problems in contemporary society implies a specific innovative style of management, which is based on innovation, innovation, systematic and continuous innovation activities. Purpose. Identification of peculiarities of the development of innovation activity of business entities in Ukraine, positive features and deficiencies that exist, and clarification of the role of the state in the creation of general institutional coordinates for economic entities as an element of the system of innovative development of the country's economy. Results. The study of the mechanism of innovation activity allows us to conclude that the formation and development of an innovative management strategy by an economic entity is an integration process that combines the processes of forecasting, planning and accounting of the resource base of the enterprise in the long-term, medium-term and short-term prospects in the new conditions modernization of the state economy. Creating a national innovation system is to build a holistic system that effectively transforms new knowledge into new technologies, products and services that find their real consumers in national or global markets. At the same time, attention should be paid to the development of an innovative strategy by each domestic enterprise, which will create conditions for positive trends in the development of this process. Conclusions. Innovations are essentially related to the cyclical development of the economy, as they initiate new technological developments. Therefore, in an innovative economy, the state plays an important role in implementing anti-cyclical economic regulation, smoothing out cyclical fluctuations and mitigating their effects. In today's conditions, further development of recommendations for improving the methodology for assessing the innovative potential of industrial enterprises, optimizing the management of innovation activity in the state and its individual regions, the choice of forms and methods of state support for innovation projects in order to improve the investment climate and increase inflow of innovative investments is necessary.

Особенности развития инновационной деятельности на предприятиях нефтегазового машиностроения

Особенности развития инновационной деятельности на предприятиях нефтегазового машиностроения

Principal issues of innovation activity development at machine building companies

The article is dedicated to the principal issues of innovation activity development at machine building companies. It considers a method to create a portfolio of innovative solutions, whose implementation would allow the company to solve the issues and increase competitiveness of the company’s products.

Innovation Activity Development of Urban Public Transport Service Providers: Multifactor Economic and Mathematical Model

Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem of ecologists of «smart» city indicates that among factors that probably can affect the innovativeness of Ukrainian providers of urban public transport services have been used environmental factor, marketing expenses, financial potential, wear rate, level of quality of service, level of management skills, market share, tariff for passenger transportation. The purpose of the study is to identify the ways to improve the innovativeness of urban public transport service providers of the regional centres of Ukraine. The main aim of the research is to estimate the impact of several factor variables on the resulting attribute used multivariate regression analysis, which provided an adequate model. A significant contribution to the development of the theory and methodology of management of urban public transport enterprises were made by Nunes, Krasnyanskiy, Umpleby, Walters, Huang, Morchadze. The results of the evaluation of the innovativeness of Ukrainian providers of urban public transport services carried out based on the mathematical multifactor model are presented in the article. In January-March 2018, the authors initiated a study on the current state of urban public transport in regional Ukrainian cities. Methodological tools of the research were multivariate correlation-regression analysis and survey (the requests for public information were submitted by the Law of Ukraine «On Access to Public Information» to all city councils of Ukraine's regions except temporarily occupied territories). The study included a survey of 20 experts (marketers and experienced managers of transport companies) to determine weighting factors and the level of innovativeness through questionnaires. The expert evaluation was carried out using the marks method. The research has shown that the size of the innovativeness of providers of public transport services can be successfully interpreted through functional and statistical dependencies, which reflect the general and individual laws of the development of such entities using multi-factor mathematical models. The econometric model was tested for the adequacy with the Fisher criterion and the presence of autocorrelation. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves thatsuch controllable factors are an environmental factor, financial potential, level of quality of service, level of management skills, the tariff for passenger transportation. The model can be used to predict the influence of controllable factors at the level of the innovativeness of providers of urban public transport services. The results of the research can be useful for scientific and practical workers, teachers, students of higher educational establishments. Keywords: econometric model, factors of innovativeness, innovativeness, urban transport, ecologists.

Student-Guided Three-Dimensional Printing Activity in Large Lecture Courses: A Practical Guideline

Modern technology stimulates the development of innovative classroom activities. We designed a 3D printing activity in two separate Organic Chemistry lectures of at least 200 students each. This assignment required students to 3D print a molecule of their choice, relying on services made available through the university libraries. Data obtained through a survey at the end of the semester provided key information on the students’ experiences with printing 3D models for the first time. A summary of this feedback and constructive remarks on the best practices regarding 3D printing assignments in large lecture courses are presented.

РАЗВИТИЕ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

Due to the digital transformation of the domestic economy, it becomes necessary to rethink the approaches to the management of the innovative activity of industrial enterprises. In this regard special attention should be paid to the construction of the structure and the content of elements of the new innovative subprocesses. As a result of the study there it is worked out a model of the development of innovative activity and the reserves for improving the efficiency quality of domestic industrial enterprises are determined.

Generalized indicator and classification structures of the capital of the industrial enterprises

In the article the basic directions of development of innovative activity at mega- and microlevels are considered. The key tasks of scientific and technical policy have been studied with the purpose of determining the most effective innovation strategy that allows introducing the latest technologies into production. The main means for successful development of an enterprise in uncertain and rapidly changing environmental conditions is an effective integrated approach that ensures the formation and implementation of such an innovative activity option that will ensure the best results in the current situation. In these conditions, along with the important role of the production, resource and technological potential of the enterprise, the synergetic effect becomes crucial. The proposed methodology for determining the synergistic effect will link the directions of development of innovation activity using four groups of indicators (equipment, technology, management, sales). It is universal by definition not only of certain directions and projects at the enterprise level, but can be used at the level of the region and the country.

Mathematical Model of the Influence of Innovative Development Factors on the Economy of Leading Countries and Russia

This article is dedicated to the econometric analysis of the influence of different factors on the economic development. It has been proved that the gross domestic product is under the influence of exogenous variables such as value added of knowledge and technology intensive industries (KTI), number of patents granted in smart grid technology and expenditures on R&D. Creation of econometrical models provides an empirical evidence to support the evaluation of economic relationships, which occur in a modern economy in the era of development of digital technologies.The penetration of information and communication technologies (ICT) into all sectors of the economy and the sphere of vital activity of the population is a key factor of scientific, technical and economic progress in the context of globalization. Opportunities and difficulties of the countries of the world in the transition to a post-industrial economy reflect international ratings. They characterize the unevenness of innovative development and the use of innovations and information technologies. For the analysis of Russia's positions in the world innovation economy, several international ratings of innovative development have been selected (The Global Innovation Index, The Networking Readiness Index, and The Global Competitiveness Index). The analysis showed not only the representativeness of the international innovation ratings chosen for the analysis, but also the high correlation between the indices in international innovation ratings and individual indicators of economic development of countries. The importance of policies in the use of ICT and the digital economy for structural changes in the economy is noted.Russia is inferior to the world's leading leaders in terms of innovation activity and economic development. In the light of the economic sanctions of the economically developed countries of the West against Russia, this gap may even increase. Assessing Russia's position in international innovation development ratings, including R & D spending, has highlighted the need to take into account global trends and challenges, and econometric analysis helps to understand the world trends better and to offer reasoned recommendations for improving the situation in this area.The recommendations will facilitate Russia's early transition to a socially-oriented innovative type of economic development. The main direction is the development of the national innovation system and the inclusion of Russia in the global innovation space.The purpose of this research is to describe mathematically the influence of modern innovative factors on economy on the example of one of the leading countries, to characterize Russia's position in international innovation ratings and highlight Russia's problems in research and innovation. Results and practical importance are to issue recommendations for improving the activation of Russia's involvement in the process of internationalization in the field of research and innovation. It is necessary to adjust the direction of further development.

The prospects of implementing the principles of the EU’s smart specialization into the Ukrainian practice of state regulation of innovation development

The article focuses on the fact that the newest mechanisms of state regulation of innovation processes acquire special significance according to the conditions of the formation of an innovative model of the Ukrainian economy. The relevance of the study is enhanced by the understanding that the development of such mechanisms of management of innovative processes becomes of great importance, as well as it can provide the ability of the institutes of society to realize innovative development priorities. The purpose of the study is to consider the feasibility of applying the concept of smart specialization in non-EU countries, in Ukraine particularly. This involves consideration of issues, the possibility of its effective application at the regional level, the analysis of self-sufficiency of local decisions and resources, and justifying the need for the creation of a supreme regulatory authority. Methodology. To achieve the goals set forth in the work, the following research methods were used: theoretical generalization; system approach; methods of positive and normative analysis, etc. Results. The results of the research indicate that from the point of view of smart specialization, regional innovation strategies in Ukraine appear to be rather declarative than instrumental ones. Most of them do not provide mechanisms for updating priorities and support measures. Only in single documents it is indicated who should analyse the actual level of development of innovation activity and adjust its priorities. Performance indicators are mainly focused on monitoring the state of the research and development sector. It has been established that innovative priorities, formulated without taking into account the principles of smart specialization, as a rule, simply involve a combination of traditional economic specialization and new branches of science and technology, without taking into account structural changes in the economy of the surrounding regions and the country as well. Practical meaning. The practical significance of the study is that the article deals with both the problems and the prospects of introducing the principles of smart specialization into the Ukrainian practice of state regulation of innovation development. It is indicated which levels of public administration should be involved in the process of developing strategies for smart specialization and which aspects should be given special attention when implementing an approach outside the EU. Prospects for further research. It is proposed to use in the Ukrainian practice of state regulation of innovation development the main provisions of a smart specialization, which constitute a set of rules for the selection of priorities within the framework of the strategy of innovation development. These rules are collected in a single EU methodological document – «Guide to Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisations».

Impact of Leadership on Innovation: Evidence from the Hotel Industry

Research Question: The paper investigated a relationship between innovation and transformational/transactional leadership, as well as the impact of these two leadership styles on innovation. Motivation: As there are small number of studies that have examined the impact of transformational and transactional leadership on innovations within the hospitality industry and in Serbia, the need for investigation is imposed. The paper draws on methodology and works of Bass and Avolio (1997), Hogan et al. (2011) and Nasution et al. (2011) which are, in this paper, applied to the context of hotel industry. The results of this study will expand theory in this field and it could be used as a significant practical guide for hotel management in order to achieve business improvement. Idea: In today's turbulent business environment the ability of the organization to innovate been the decisive factor of surviving, creating and maintaining competitive advantage on the market and also a critical factor in improving what the organization does. The aim of this research is to determine the predictive effect of transformational and transactional leadership on innovations within hotel industry in Serbia. Data: The study included 512 employees in 57 tree, four and five-star hotels in Serbia. Convenient sampling method was applied. The questionnaire used measured the attitude of the employees towards innovations and transformational and transactional leadership, as well as socio-demographic variables Tools: Data was prepared and analysed using statistical software IBM SPSS 24.0. Statistical data processing methods used in this paper are descriptive statistics, the reliability of the instrument, correlation and regression analysis. Findings: The research results show that both transformational and transactional leadership predict innovations, where transformational leadership style is a stronger predictor and better correlate with innovations. The results show that transactional leaders may also encourage innovativeness, but within the frames of the tasks already set. They can also motivate the employees by using different methods such as stimulative rewards, but that they are primarily focused on task execution. Contribution: The results can be used in making future decisions, measures and standards related to human resources management, as well as the development and promotion of innovative activities in hotels.

Problems polyene innovation activities of enterprises heat supply in the region

The paper considers the main trends and ways to improve the innovative activity of enterprises of heat supply in theIvanovoregion. The main problems hindering the dynamic development of innovative activity of enterprises of thermal power industry in the region are considered. The hierarchy of the basic levels of infrastructure of heat power engineering of economic system is offered. For each level of heat power infrastructure of the region certain tasks providing the necessary level of efficiency of functioning of system have to be solved. One of the most important tasks of thermal power enterprises is the introduction of energy saving and innovative technologies, energy efficiency, analysis of the balance sheet structure, economically justified tariffs and the introduction of new mechanisms for the implementation of innovation and investment programs. The key objectives and principles for the effective functioning of the infrastructure of the power system. The key tasks of thermal power companies are their technical controlling and audit, allowing timely detection of defective areas, reducing energy efficiency in the industry and creating the possibility of risk situations that can cause damage to the organization. A limiting factor in the interactions between the elements of the infrastructure are the consumers of heat energy, which include industrial enterprises and enterprises of sphere of services, social services, state enterprises, marketing and management companies, private persons etc. An important condition for solving many of these problems in the infrastructure of heat power industry in the region is to improve the efficiency of its innovation and increase the responsibility of management for the state of process equipment and heating networks. The most important component of this increase is the formation of an innovative environment, as a result of which there is a transformation of the methods of organizing and managing the infrastructure of the heat power industry of the region, an update of the technological base, the introduction of advanced technologies in production and management is achieved.

The Fiscal Policy of the State: the Essence and the Analysis of the Features of its Constituents with their Components

The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the features of the constituents of the fiscal policy of the state with their components. The fiscal policy of the state as one of the key components of the state financial policy: 1) plays an essential role in regulating the economy by influencing the state revenues and expenditures; 2) is caused by a number of factors (causes), in particular the requirements of the European integration processes, decentralization and the fight against systemic crisis phenomena in the economy. Today, Ukraine's fiscal policy does not fully realize its potential, which determines the relevance of the issues raised in the work. It has been clarified that the fiscal policy of the state should be understood as the purposeful policy in the field of state budget revenues, the policy of establishing (defining) and receiving (accumulation) of its revenues (i.e. the state budget) in order to solve such key (main) tasks as : 1) reduction of the general level of unemployment; 2) raising the standard of living of the population; 3) stimulation of entrepreneurial activity (initiative); 4) prevention of inefficient use of resources; 5) development of innovation and investment activity; 6) preventing the growth of inflation. It has been found out that the main (key) integral structural components of the fiscal policy of the state are: 1) the policy of state income (revenues), which consists of the targeted activity of the state in regulating tax, non-tax and other revenues on a non-refundable basis in accordance with the legislation in force in a particular country (including fees for the provision of administrative services, transfers, own revenues (receipts) of budget institutions and organizations) in order to effectively perform state functions; 2) the policy of state expenditures, which should be understood as the targeted state activity in regulating budget expenditures, providing loans from the budget, repaying debt and placing budget funds in deposits, purchasing securities, etc. It has been proved that the strategic goals of the fiscal policy of Ukraine should be: 1) unshadowing the economy; 2) creating a favorable investment climate; 3) ensuring the investment of resources into the human capital, in the first turn, into the educational and professional potential; 4) optimization of the structure of budget revenues/expenditures; 5) carrying out the weighted debt policy, etc. The prospect of further research in this direction is the development of practical proposals (recommendations) for improving Ukraine’s fiscal policy in the context of anti-crisis measures.

Community-Based Preventive and Remedial Measures to Prevent Violent Extremism: A Human Security Approach to Help Transform Conflicts, Improve Social Cohesion and Improve Local Security

AbstractThis article, presented as part of a panel on “Community-based preventive and remedial measures” at a conference on Responses to Female Migration to ISIS, is on ways in which local communities are able to strengthen social cohesion and prevent growing polarization, especially in areas where radicalization to violent extremism takes place. The analysis is based on the Human Security Collective (HSC)’s work in Palestine, Libya, Tunisia and the Netherlands where we support local communities and the professionals who work with them on addressing systemic causes that lead to exclusion, alienation and possibly radicalization leading to violent extremism. We have learnt that approaches to prevent the attraction to violent extremism networks require methods and processes akin to those developed for conflict transformation. Some of the characteristics of this approach include the inclusion of different stakeholders, local ownership in defining problems and seeking solutions, the building of trusted relationships, the mentoring of young women and men who take on a peer-model role, and the development of innovative small-scale community activities that can then be taken up by the wider community. HSC and its partners connect these local community initiatives to policymakers at municipal, national and international levels. Through the process of facilitated dialogue we aim to create “safe spaces” where persons from different backgrounds and with different interests are able to meet and exchange practices and policies. In this way, policies are validated by lived realities and citizens become aware of the way that policies that influence local security are developed and executed. This dialogue leads to a mutual understanding of and improvement in security-related policies.

National innovation system and protection of intellectual property rights of Ukraine in the context of international ratings

The article is devoted to define Ukraine's position in international ratings aimed at assessing the development of innovation activities and protection of intellectual property rights within the countries. Intellectual Property Right Index, Global Innovation Index, Bloomberg Innovation Index, Global Competitiveness Index, Innovation Union Scoreboard and Global Talent Competitiveness Index for 2018 are considered, especially, the position of Ukraine in such a rankings. The correlation between the movements of Ukraine along the global rating lists and updates implemented into the legal framework in addition to current socio-economic situation are investigated. The macroeconomic and institutional factors that prevent Ukraine’s innovative potential and level of competitiveness from being gradually grown up on the world’s market of intellectual property are revealed.

L. Mamatova. Development of innovation activity of Ukraine in the international context.

L. Mamatova. Development of innovation activity of Ukraine in the international context.

THE FEATURES OF RUSSIA’S INVOLVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF INTERNATIONALIZATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY

The penetration of information and communication technologies (further - ICT) into all sectors of the economy and the sphere of vital activity of the population is a key factor of scientific, technical and economic progress in the context of globalization. Opportunities and difficulties of the countries of the world in the transition to a post-industrial economy reflect international ratings. They characterize the unevenness of innovative development and the use of innovations and information technologies. For the analysis of Russia's positions in the world innovation economy, several international ratings of innovative development have been selected (The Global Innovation Index, The Networking Readiness Index, and The Global Competitiveness Index). The analysis showed not only the representativeness of the international innovation ratings chosen for the analysis, but also the high correlation between the indices of the world indices in international innovation ratings and individual indicators of their economic development. The importance of policies in the use of ICT and the digital economy for structural changes in the economy is noted. Russia is inferior to the world's leading leaders in terms of innovation activity and economic development. In the light of the economic sanctions of the economically developed countries of the West against Russia, this gap may even increase. Assessing Russia's position in international innovation development ratings, including R & D spending, has highlighted the need to take into account global trends and challenges, and has offered recommendations for improving the situation in this area. The recommendations will facilitate Russia's early transition to a socially-oriented innovative type of economic development. The main direction is the development of the national innovation system and the inclusion of Russia in the global innovation space. The purpose of this research is to characterize Russia's position in international innovation ratings, highlight Russia's problems in research and innovation. Based on the analysis of the current situation, to propose recommendations on the activation of Russia's involvement in the process of internationalization in the field of research and innovation. Results and practical importance are to issue recommendations for improving the activation of Russia's involvement in the process of internationalization in the field of research and innovation. It is necessary to adjust the direction of further development.

SUSTAINABLE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND ITS INVESTMENT SUPPORT AS FACTORS OF RAISING THE AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX EFFICIENCY

Raising of economic efficiency and sustainability of the national agroindustrial production in conditions of fast development of science, machinery and technology, high market competition, and integration processes expansion is largely conditioned by development activation, implementation and investment support of innovations. Enough attention is paid to the issues of sustainability, innovative development and investment activity in modern economic literature. At the same time, the problem of investment support for sustainable innovative development of agroindustrial complex is still studied poorly, which makes scientific research in this field relevant. Based on brief retrospective analysis, an improved understanding of the sustainable development of the agroindustrial complex, as well as in the context of its components, is proposed in the paper. It is shown that the basis for sustainable agroindustrial complex development in modern conditions is the increase of innovative activity at all the management levels. As a result of the study, a list of the main regulatory and legal acts regulating the issues of innovation activity and the privileges and incentives established by them for business entities, including agrarian ones, were systematized. The main problems preventing activation of innovative development of agroindustrial production are listed. In order to solve these problems the authors within the research framework developed a concept of investment support for sustainable innovative development of the agrarian sector, which includes eight interrelated consecutive blocks. Implementation of the proposed concept will contribute to more complete involvement of potential financing sources and their effective use in the investment activities, thereby ensuring competitiveness of the national agroindustrial complex and its sustainable development, considering interests of the current and future generations.