Young Personality Research Articles

The Effects of Attachment, Temperament, and Self-Esteem on Technology Addiction: A Mediation Model Among Young Adults.

Excessive use of technology has become a worldwide problem due to its high prevalence, fast growth rate, and undesirable consequences. However, little is known about underlying psychological mechanisms that maintain excessive use of technology. We investigated the mediating role of self-esteem, novelty seeking, and persistence on the relationship between attachment dimensions and technology addiction among young adults. Data were collected from 727 young adults (females, N = 478; 66.3 percent), aged 23.44 ± 3.02 years. Participants completed self-report measures of secure and insecure attachment dimensions, personality, and temperament characteristics (i.e., self-esteem, novelty seeking, and persistence), technology addiction and frequency of technology use (i.e., own technology use, perceived use by peers and parents). The mediation model was tested through a path analysis. The effects of attachment insecurity on technology addiction were partially mediated by the levels of persistence and self-esteem, whereas the effects of attachment security on technology addiction were fully mediated. The effects remained robust even after controlling for the frequency of technology use. The model was gender and age invariant, suggesting that the mediation worked in a similar way for both men and women and across ages. Findings suggest that attachment dimensions exert not only a direct but also an indirect effect on technology addiction through self-esteem and persistence. Such findings may help to develop psychosocial interventions that are sensitive to young adults' attachment, personality, and temperament characteristics.

The use of distance learning technologies in preparing students (future biology teachers)

The current stage in the development of pedagogical education in the world is characterized by a special intensity and scale of transformations due not only to the urgent tasks of forming a young personality, but also to the involvement of the education system in the world integration processes taking place in the context of informatization and globalization. The purposeful acquisition of knowledge, skills and abilities by future biology teachers, an orientation towards the development, development and implementation of effective mechanisms for its formation is an important component of education. The global educational community is faced in 2020 with a global challenge caused by the pandemic caused by the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The governments of most countries were not ready for such a large-scale pandemic; their practical measures were formed on a situational basis. To counter the spread of COVID-19, educational institutions have been temporarily closed almost all over the world. The purpose of the article is to study the features of the implementation of the distance education system in the process of teaching students - future biology teachers, including the study of the main advantages and disadvantages of this process. For this, the methods of theoretical research of specialized literature were used.

FAKES IDENTIFICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF SHAPING A CRITICAL THINKING OF FUTURE EDUCATORS

Today medias have substantial influence on development of young personality. All without an exception mass media, and especially on-line-space, offering the recipients unbelievable amount of information content, come forward as effective factors of formation of one’s own opinion, development of conception of collective activity, strategy of public policy on local and global scales. Therefore, formation of critical immunity for teachers and students is a necessity. In the context of modern mass-informative manipulations fake news – untruthful reports which are purposefully widespread for the sake of misleading an audience – had become very popular.
 The aim of this publication is to pay attention to problem of fake reports in mediaspace, to define the criteria of fake news authentication, the most obvious threats of distribution of untruthful news and ways of counteraction of misinformation for the sake of formation of critical immunity of future teachers in the conditions of global information conflicts. The authors of the article considered the concept of fake news, outlined the reasons of active fake news pandemic, paid attention to cases of purposeful distribution of untruthful media reports for the sake of misleading an audience. The complexity of authentication of fake information, that is distributed through traditional mass-media and internet-medias, especially social networks has been marked. There have been presented different fake news classification approaches according to methods of transmission, forms, maintenance, markers. Importance of awareness of audience has been highlighted along with the possibilities of verification of the perceived and intended for distribution information, as well as usage of the results of activity of faktchecking projects.
 The characteristic markers of purposeful untruthful information messages have been defined: shocking character of news, powerful emotionality of report; absence of reference to the source; erroneous argumentation; manipulative title; versions or theory of conspiracy; fully invented news or absolute fake news. The examples of fake information and possibilities of its recognition have been proved. The authors state the most obvious threats of distribution of unverified news, role of teachers in the process of formation of the critical thinking for the bread-winners of education as effective weapon of fight against manipulations, the necessity of medialiteracy, conscious consumption and distribution of information for all participants of educational environment in the context of new calls of contemporaneity, that is predefined by establishment and development of informative society.

Social education of youth by means of museum pedagogy

On the path of social transformations and processes of European integration in Ukraine, many measures are taken to reform certain areas of activity, rethink and implement new, more effective, forms of rationalization of public life. One of the innovative directions of this reform is the museum pedagogy introduction in the educational process, which necessitates the scientific study of its use as the subject of social and educational work with different categories of youth.
 The article considers the possibilities of implementing the socio-cultural component of modern museums for various purposes in improving the educational process and social education of young people through museum pedagogy. The socio-cultural component is understood as the spiritual world created by mankind, which encompasses national, social, economic, political and other social relations and spiritual and cultural values developed by mankind throughout history, which influence people, shape their worldview, in particular, determine behaviour in relations with others. environment and among themselves. The socio-cultural component of the content of museums affects not only the cognitive side of students' self-knowledge but also contributes to the formation of ideas, values, self-esteem. During excursions in the museum, the mental, labour, moral, aesthetic, economic education of students is actively carried out. Through the knowledge and skills acquired in the museum, the knowledge of the world, history and culture of one's own and other people are deepened, the basis for theoretical judgments is created, the consciousness of the young personality is formed. Museum pedagogy has great opportunities to learn about new trends in modern science and modern research, to educate oneself as a researcher, analyst, to develop observation, the ability to make generalizations and predictions. Museum pedagogy helps not only to maximize the educational and cultural potential of museums but also allows graduates based on a system of acquired knowledge, skills and abilities to self-determine in a changing world, to continue education in the chosen field. 

The Moderating Effects of Young Adults' Personality Traits on Social Media Immersion.

Young adults are currently among the heaviest users of Internet-based social media applications. The goal of this study was to develop and empirically validate a conceptual model to test associations between students’ attitudes toward social media and their experiences in social media use and immersion. Participants were 9,633 students (average age 16 years; 4,702 males, 4,931 female) who randomly selected from 150 high schools in Taiwan. Participants completed questionnaire surveys describing their attitudes toward social media, immersion experiences, and Big Five personality traits. Structural equation modeling was used to determine factors that predicted and moderated social media immersion. The results of this study highlight the impact that specific personality traits have on the connections between attitudes toward social media and the immersion young adults experience when engaged with social media platforms. These findings suggest that schools and families should establish guidelines to protect young adults from excessive immersion in social media usage, ensure the safety of online environments for this user group, and inform youth regarding the proper use of social media.

Pensar a formação integral de adolescentes e jovens

O presente artigo intenciona realizar uma interface entre a teologia e a educação. Para isso, busca: a) analisar a realidade das novas gerações apontada pelos próprios jovens por ocasião do Sínodo “Os jovens, a fé e o discernimento vocacional”; b) identificar os jovens como principais interlocutores do processo pedagógico pastoral; c) reconhecer o ciberespaço como ambiente social de presença e protagonismo juvenil; d) perceber a cibercultura com seus impactos na personalidade da pessoa do jovem; e e) propor um embasamento antropológico que respeite os jovens em sua integralidade trazendo indicativos formativos diante dos contextos contemporâneos. O texto fundamenta-se, principalmente, nos documentos sinodais, na posição do Papa Francisco através da Exortação Pós-sinodal Christus vivit e na antropologia fenomenológica-teológica da filósofa alemã Edith Stein (1891-1942). A narrativa de vida de Stein encontra-se conjugada com sua obra judaica-cristã. Tal dado é importante, pois a autora ainda em sua juventude, ao questionar-se da condição social e pessoal do ser humano, reflete e aponta caminhos para a formação integral dos jovens. Como docente e conferencista, atuou diretamente com pensadores, educadores e formadores de jovens nas mais plurais vivências: religiosas, familiares, acadêmicas e profissionais. Nesse sentido, na contemporaneidade onde adolescentes e jovens encontram-se imersos na cibercultura, pretende-se dialogar com antropologia steiniana buscando referenciais para a pedagogia pastoral atual.

No differential susceptibility or diathesis stress to parenting in early adolescence: Personality facets predicting behaviour problems

This multi-sample study investigated the main and interactive effects of parenting (responsiveness, overreactivity) and young adolescents' personality traits (negative-affectivity: irritability and anxiety; and orienting-sensitivity) on behaviour problems during adolescence. Data from two samples (N1 = 222; girls 45.5%; Mean age = 11.54 years; N2 = 252; girls 50.4%; Mean age = 10.85 years) were analysed using a multivariate approach. Parenting and young adolescents' personality traits were assessed at Time-1 and behaviour problems were assessed 2 to 3 years later. Mothers rated their overreactive parenting practices with the Parenting-Scale (both samples); parental responsiveness was measured with the Louvain-Adolescent-Perceived-Parenting-Scale (sample-1) and the Parenting-Practices-Questionnaire (sample-2). Adolescents reported on their behaviour problems with the overlapping items of the Brief-Problem-Monitor (sample-1) and the Youth-Self-Report (sample-2). Young adolescents' personality traits were measured with the Hierarchical-Personality-Inventory-for-Children rated by mothers in sample-1 and by fathers in sample-2. No evidence supporting diathesis stress or differential susceptibility was found. Analyses revealed one interaction suggesting that adolescents with high irritability (≥1.4 SD; 9%) with more overreactive mothers presented less internalizing behaviour, when their mothers used less overreactive parenting they showed more internalizing behaviour. High-anxiety predicted internalizing behaviour. High-irritability and low-anxiety predicted externalizing behaviour. High-irritability and orienting sensitivity predicted attention problems. No main effects of parenting on behaviour problems were observed.

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF PUPILS’ ADAPTATION / DISADAPTATION AT PREPARATION FOR EXTERNAL INDEPENDENT TESTING UNDER THE QUARANTINE

The article analyzes the psychological characteristics of pupils’ adaptation/ disadaptation during their preparation for external independent testing (EIT) under the Covid-19 quarantine. The pupils’ feelings, such as anxiety, inner turmoil and stresses, caused by internal and external disadaptive factors are determined. Adaptation was defined as a state and a process, which include many components: personality development (in particular, the performed study focuses on high school students, especially graduates under 17 years); rapid accelerated changes in the social environment, which requires an appropriate individual mobility; and a result of adaptation. The reviewed psychological literature distinguishes the following components of adaptation as a process: physiological changes; mental development; cognitive processes; transformation of values; active influence on a situation, including awareness of the situation, setting tasks, purposeful activities. Thus, adaptation as a process discloses an individual’s active potential, since it necessarily requires their active and purposeful attitude to the reality. The variants of adaptive behavior are analyzed from the points of views of different approaches. The approaches are differentiated in the base of different accents emphasized by researchers, in particular: the degree of activities; the direction of an individual’s or a group’s activities and so on. The proposed study is important because the global challenges that humanity is experiencing and for which no one is ready. We have found ways to get out of maladaptive conditions: distance learning, TV-lessons, task control, etc. All these aspects can help temper psychologically a young personality by forming such qualities as: self-education, self-control, a sense of responsibility towards oneself and the social environment. &nbsp

ФОРМУВАННЯ ДУХОВНО-МОРАЛЬНИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ У ДОШКІЛЬНИКІВ

Стаття присвячена проблемі формування духовно-моральних цінностей дошкільників. Проаналізовано погляди вітчизняних та зарубіжних вчених щодо змістового наповнення понять «духовність», «цінності». З’ясовано, що духовно-моральні цінності пов’язані із сформованими гуманістичними якостями, зокрема, любов’ю, повагою, гідністю, турботою про інших, співпереживанням, взаємодопомогою, добром, дружбою, взаємопідтримкою, толерантністю, непримиренністю до проявів зла тощо. Цінності є продуктом духовної культури, вони формуються і створюються в ході розвитку людської цивілізації, тому вони є загальноприйнятими і зберігаються в загальній культурній традиції. Вони виступають у якості орієнтира діяльності та існують у свідомості людини. Показником сформованих цінностей служать дії і вчинки, а не існуюча дійсність, і виявити їх можливо лише в дії.
 Розглянуто освітньо-виховний процес закладу дошкільної освіти з позиції упровадження педагогіки підтримки зростаючої особистості, в основі якої - ціннісне ставлення до навколишньої дійсності та самого себе, що в свою чергу спонукає до нового осмислення ролі педагога в освітньому процесі на основі суб’єкт-суб’єктної взаємодії, що передбачає діалог, спільну участь в організації освітньо-виховного процесу, орієнтацію на кожну дитину як ціннісно зорієнтованої, життєво компетентної особистості.
 Виокремлено мету, завдання, форми роботи з дошкільниками з формування в них духовно-моральних цінностей, що розкриваються у контексті реалізації напрямів виховання «Я і сім’я», «Я і природа», «Я і країна». Запропоновані форми і методи виховання відповідають віковим та індивідуальним особливостями дошкільнят, мотивовані на їх гуманізацію, ураховують особистий життєвий досвід дитини дошкільного віку, підвищують їх бажання до активної співпраці і спрямовані на засвоєння духовних цінностей, норм і правил моральної поведінки у взаємодії з собою та іншими.

РОЛЬ ГОСУДАРСТВА В ПРЕОДОЛЕНИИ КРИЗИСА ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ: НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОЙ АСПЕКТ

Recognizing the existence of a crisis of civil identity, Russian state proclaims patriotic values an integral part of Russian state policy in documents of strategic importance. The need to educate citizenship and patriotism has ceased to be only a theoretical problem, and has found its embodiment in a large number of federal and regional programs. In comparison with the previous decades, the role and importance of civic identity and civic competence in modern Russia are becoming much more important. The civil competence of the student is formed by education-pedagogically organized purposeful process of development of the student as a person, a citizen, the development and adoption of values, moral attitudes and moral norms of societies. National security strategy of the Russian Federation (2015) relates to Russia's traditional spiritual and moral values: the priority of the spiritual over the material, protecting human life, rights and freedoms of the individual, family, creative work, service to the Fatherland, the norms of morality, humanity, mercy, justice, mutual aid, collectivism, historical unity of the peoples of Russia, the continuity of the history of our country. The formation of the civil identity of the young Russian personality forms with the help of Federal state educational standards of primary General, basic General and secondary General education, so the state policy in overcoming the crisis of civil identity devotes a large number of documents and programs to the field of education. The article attempts to trace how through normative and legal acts the state consistently tries to overcome the crisis of civil identity, identified by the scientific and expert community. Following the authors of state programs and the expert community studying the problems of identity crisis, it is noted in the article that the formation of civil identity is one of the most important conditions for the successful development of the country.

Ocio juvenil en el espacio cultural de la ciudad moderna: estado y perspectivas de desarrollo

The relevance of this article is the need to study the leisure sphere of modern youth, since free time is one of the important means of forming a young person's personality. The use of free time by young people is a kind of indicator of culture, the range of spiritual needs and interests of a particular personality of a young person. The aim of the study is to analyze the strategy of youth leisure in the cultural space of the modern city. Research methods: as a research method, we used the questionnaire method, which allows us to analyze in detail the main forms and dynamics of the development of modern youth’s leisure practices living in an urban environment. Results of the research: the article considers the problems and prospects of leisure strategies’ development of young people living in the city. The features of organizing youth leisure in the city are described. The preferences of young people in leisure activities are revealed. The degree of satisfaction of young people with forms of leisure is analyzed. The article considers the respondents' awareness of the work of institutions of the social and cultural sphere in organizing leisure activities for young people in the city. The reasons that prevent young people from spending leisure time in accordance with their needs are identified. Alternative forms of leisure activities are considered. The novelty and originality of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the reasons why young people do not have the opportunity to build their leisure strategy in accordance with their needs are investigated: external reasons (lack of places, disinterest of organizers, certain forms of leisure are unattractive or unprofitable for entrepreneurs); internal reasons (strong employment at work, lack of energy after work, laziness). The reasons for the lack of interaction of young people with leisure and cultural organizations (lack of time; ignorance of where to address on this issue; unwillingness of the organizers to change the situation that is, ignoring the position of young people) are determined. It is revealed that young people show little interest in leisure activities organized by the authorities, since they are formal in nature and do not correspond to the leisure preferences of young people. For the first time, the main strategies for leisure activities for young people living in the city (meetings with friends, relatives, walks, computer games, viewing content, relaxing in silence, and reading) were identified. The strategies of leisure activities that are used to a lesser extent (visiting the cinema, theater; active recreation (Cycling, skating, various sports); attending concerts, exhibitions, master classes; learning foreign languages) are considered. It is revealed that young people are not satisfied with the available leisure opportunities in the city. The reasons for discontent are determined (limited material resources in the city for interesting forms of leisure; lack of cultural and leisure institutions in the city that would meet the requirements of young people; limited choice of institutions where you can spend your free time). There is a gap between the needs of young people in the field of leisure and the activities of the city's youth policy Department, which conducts events according to its own plan, without taking into account the opinion of young people. Young people's knowledge about events is examined and the problem is determined about unawareness of cultural and entertainment events that are associated with the lack of interest of young people and lack of desire of the organizers of the Department of culture to find out what interests this age group. Alternative forms of leisure that young people would like to see in the urban environment, as well as take part in them, are identified (such as cinemas, theaters, restaurants; amusement parks, attractions, water parks, bowling; master classes, courses, exhibitions; interest clubs (language, discussion, computer); Bicycle rental, roller skates, Quad bikes, go-karts; paragliding school; industrial tourism). Practical significance: the data Obtained in this work can be used in social psychology, pedagogy, age psychology, as well as for further theoretical development of this issue.

CULTURAL FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CONTENT OF SCHOOL LITERARY EDUCATION: HISTORICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE

The article notes that in the modern humanitarian paradigm of school literary education, competencies, the importance of a comprehensive approach to the use of cultural influence of related arts on the formation of a young personality is realized. The importance of using productive theoretical and methodological achievements of scientists on this problem for the effective development of modern theory and practice of teaching literature is substantiated. Scientific and methodical works of Ukrainian and foreign scholars (G. Belenky, T. Brazhe, V. Grechynska, E. Kolokoltseva, N. Miretska, Z. Starkova) on the problem of interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary interaction in school literary education are considered. It is proved that in the scientific and methodological work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists the method of complex use of related arts (painting, graphics, sculpture, music, cinema, etc) as effective means of implementing the culturological approach in the lessons of Russian literature is substantiated. It is emphasized that the optimal forms, methods and techniques of working with the means of related art proposed by leading scientists on the basis of their dialogical interaction contribute to the deepening of knowledge of literary and art history, students' comprehension of a literary work as a unique text of culture, specifics, the formation of skills to analyze and interpret literary works in an artistic context. It is concluded that the theoretical and methodological guidelines of scientists of the late twentieth century on this issue have become the basis for constructive and critical understanding of the problem of cultural orientation of the content of school literary education in the early XXI century.

DEVELOPMENT OF LIFE-PURPOSE ORIENTATIONS OF MODERN UKRAINIAN YOUTH

The paper covers basic results of the research of life-purpose orientations development of modern Ukrainian youth. The relevance of the research was determined by the insufficient life meaningful certainty of boys and girls. It was stated that the development of life-purpose orientations was progressive motion, directly related to the spiritual formation of personality. The theoretical analysis has shown that the discourse of scientific discussion on this issue is associated with attempts to integrate the views of various scientists, which are not contradictory but complementary. The psychodiagnostic research was conducted on the basis of the Secondary School of the I-III levels No. 1 of the city of Kyiv andMunicipal Institution "M.I. Pirogov Humanitarian Gymnasium No. 1 of the Vinnytsia City Council", Kyiv Higher Vocational School of Sewing and Hairdressing, Kyiv Professional College with Enhanced Military and Physical Training, National Transport University and Khmelnitsky National University. 281 youths (from 15 to 22 years old) were involved in the research. The following diagnostic techniques were used at different stages of research: "Fulfillment of Desires" method by E.O. Pomytkin for identification of priority values and direction of value orientations of youth; "Research of the Life Meanings System" method of by V.Yu. Kotlyakov, for identification of actual life meanings and their correlation in the semantic structure of young personality; "Life-Purpose Orientations" test by D.O. Leontiev, for research of the life meaningfulness; "Spiritual Potential of Personality" method by E.O. Pomytkin, for diagnostics of spiritual potential and value orientations of young personality; "Diagnostics of the Reflexivity Development Level" method by A.V. Karpov, for research of the ability to reflection; "Scale of Assessment of the Achievement Motivation Level" by Yu.M. Orlov, for determination of the achievement motivation level of girls and boys; Demographic Questionnaire developed by the author, for determination of the influence of individual biological and socially determined factors on the development of life-purpose orientations in adolescence. On the basis of experimental data, the features of the phenomenon being researched are revealed, structure is systematized, psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of life-purpose orientations in adolescence are determined, and model of their development is presented. The positive dynamics was revealed of the life-purpose orientations in adolescence as a result of approbation of the proposed psychological and pedagogical program of their development. Further prospects were determined of scientific search in the field of development of the life-purpose orientations of youth.

Changes in self-esteem and chronic disease across adulthood: A 16-year longitudinal analysis

RationaleSelf-esteem is an adaptive personality factor that has been associated with good physical health. While research has observed that self-esteem and physical health typically decline in older adulthood, there is a paucity of research investigating the associations between changes in self-esteem and physical health across the adult lifespan. ObjectiveThe present study examined whether changes in selfesteem and chronic disease exert reciprocal effects on subsequent changes in self-esteem and disease. In addition, it investigated whether individuals' age would moderate these associations. MethodsThe study analyzed data from 14,117 adult (18+) Canadians who completed surveys over 16 years, from cycles 1 to 9 of the National Population Health Survey (NPHS). Self-esteem, chronic diseases, and demographic information were collected. ResultsCross-lagged panel analyses indicated reciprocal age-related associations between changes in self-esteem and chronic disease. Initial decline in self-esteem predicted subsequent increases in chronic disease, and initial increases in chronic disease predicted subsequent declines in self-esteem, only among young adults, and not middle-aged or older adults. ConclusionThese results suggest that age may qualify the associations between declines in self-esteem and physical health and that adverse changes in both factors may be particularly problematic for young adults' prospective personality functioning and physical health.

Odnos trener-sportista mlađih uzrasnih kategorija iz Bosne i Hercegovine

This study is focused on getting feedback on positive and negative aspects of coach-athletes relationship and defining the quality of this relationship, as well as their implications to both coaches' and athletes' work. The multivariate analysis of variance shows that the interaction between athletes' gender and type of sport is significant for all three subtests (social support, depth and conflict) of the Quality Relationship Inventory questionnaire. Significant differences are noticed with young athletes receiving social support by their coaches, while individual athletes have shown a higher level of social support than their peers from team sports. The results of this study suggest that male individual sports athletes shows tenacious connection (depth) with their coaches, while the situation for the team sports is reversed. Also, female athletes have shown a higher level of conflict with their coaches in individual sports, whilst the level of conflict with male athletes is more common in team sports. Coach's support is of a high importance due to a significantly weakened relationship between athletes and parents in the age of adolescence. The coach is a person who has to play more active role in overall young athletes' personality development and thus the qualification of the staff working with younger age categories has to be at the highest level of their competences.

RELAȚIILE DINTRE TRĂSĂTURILE DE PERSONALITATE ȘI AȘTEPTĂRILE TINERILOR DE LA LOCUL DE MUNCĂ

The main focus of this study was to identify the links between personality and job expectations for young adults. The first objective of this study was to identify the differences in young adults' job expectations in relation to their age and the congruence between their studies and the field in which they would like to work in. The second objective was to identify the relationship between young adults' personality, their job expectations and the way they perceive the possible congruence between their studies and the field in which they would like to work in. For this, a sample of young adults was used, all of them having finished college or were currently in college at the time the study was being carried out. The results were conclusive and have shown that there is a strong relationship between personality traits and job expectations and the expected studies-job congruence. Also, young adults under 21 have higher expectations about their studies and future job congruence, than those who are older than 21 years of age. And last but not least, young adults who have high expectations about their studies and future job being congruent also have higher job expectations.

Non-formal physical education activities - added values

This study represents a part of our PhD thesis where we have analyzed the educational, social and axiological phenomenon defined by the non formal aspect of the physical education and sports field. We consider the spectrum of socio-moral values and proactive mobility attitudes as well as the connections between physical education activities and the effects having fom1ative valences on the young people's personality, especially on the students'.

Non-formal physical education activities - added values

This study represents a part of our PhD thesis where we have analyzed the educational, social and axiological phenomenon defined by the non formal aspect of the physical education and sports field. We consider the spectrum of socio-moral values and proactive mobility attitudes as well as the connections between physical education activities and the effects having fom1ative valences on the young people's personality, especially on the students'.

THE DYNAMICS OF PERSONAL SELF-ACTUALIZATION INDICES IN THE TRANSITIVE SOCIETY

The aim of the study is to reveal the influence of psychosocial factors, which are known under the umbrella notion "perestroika (rearrangement) of the Russian society" in modern science on personal characteristics of young people and to give the quantitative assessment of this influence. First of all, we have assessed the dynamics of self-actualization values as a crucial factor in the formation of personalities in youth days. Methods: the E. Shostrom's Personal Orientation Inventory (the POI) and R. Cattell's Personality Factor Questionnaire (the 16-PF). We have compared two groups of subjects: the second year medical students born in 1973 (n = 88, the "pre-perestroika generation") and in 1997 (n = 140, the "post-perestroika generation"). Results. We have revealed that the indices of accepting self-actualization values (the SAV scale of the POI test), empathy to the feelings and needs of other people (the Fr POI scale), freedom in spontaneous responding (the S POI scale) as well as some other indices were significantly higher in the "post-perestroika generation". The number of correlations between the SAV scale of the POI test and the scales of R. Cattell's Personal Questionnaire has doubled. However, we have found the signs of soft maladaptation in the problems of time relationships (the Ti/Tc POI). Conclusions. The values of personal self-actualization in the "post-perestroika generation" have strengthened its strategic role and became more "ecological" with respect to personality (more accelerated in the structure of personality traits). Assurance degradation in the experience of the whole time perspective as well as impairment in ability to accept one's points of weakness have become a kind of payment of for these changes (the Sa POI scale). Overall, we have revealed the positive influence of the "perestroika" processes in the Russian society on the formation of young people's personality.

ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ ВИХОВАННЯ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТІ В СТАРШОКЛАСНИКІВ

The article deals with the pedagogical conditions for upbringing tolerance in senior school pupils. The essence of the concept “condition” is revealed. Different approaches by scientists on the pedagogical conditions for upbringing tolerance in senior school pupils are determined. A wide range of pedagogical conditions for upbringing tolerance and various components of tolerance are shown. Given various forms of student’s self-management, which develop communication and cooperation skills for young personality. Key words: pedagogical conditions, upbringing, tolerance, senior school pupils.