WhatsApp Group Research Articles

Digging Through the Network of the Indonesian Noise Scene

ABSTRACT The Noise music scene in Indonesia has grown its popularity in recent years, thanks to the movie Bising: Noise and Experimental Music in Indonesia (2014) about people who do Noise in Indonesia, Senyawa who plays everywhere, and the Jogja Noise Bombing Festival, which draws attention from Noise musicians and fans around the world who come to attend the annual festival. It is already acknowledged not only abroad, where it first gained its popularity, but also by several national media and music festivals who feature some Noise musicians in their programmes. From an unknown yet obscure genre, Noise music has been part of the independent music ecosystem in Indonesia. Nowadays, the Noise scenes in Indonesia are not limited to Java island, but include other islands such as Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Sumatra, Batam, and spaces in between. Studying the connections between the Noise activists in these islands through their network of touring, releasing an album together, or simply via Whatsapp group chat is interesting. This article aims at exploring the connections between Noise scenes in Indonesia. After studying the network directly through direct involvement and conducting interviews with some key figures in the scenes, we found some interesting facts such as the historical origin of its performers as well as infrastructures of the scenes (including but not limited to records labels, venues, communities, instrument builders, and festivals). The motivation of these Noise artists for networking and their desire to connect on a broader scale has helped the Noise scenes to achieve recognition.

‘Mum Added You’ Managing Transnational Aged Care Arrangements Through Family WhatsApp Groups

ABSTRACTIncreasing global migration and (im)mobilities are affecting the provision of aged care in transnational families. Such families rely on digital communication technologies like WhatsApp to manage and maintain aged care obligations across borders. This study investigates the role of WhatsApp family groups in enabling transnational families to manage transnational aged care from a distance. I draw on interviews with three transnational family constellations with members in the United Kingdom and Zimbabwe. The study finds that WhatsApp family groups create a virtual home where Zimbabwean transnational families can plan, organise and deliver care to their ageing parents. However, managing transnational aged care through WhatsApp family groups can also pose problems, especially for migrants pressured to remit. Furthermore, gendered assumptions of care and asymmetrical power relationships entrenched in families are reinforced. The study contributes to the literature on transnational care and new technologies, providing a Zimbabwean perspective on co‐presence and mediated aged care practices.

Pembelarajan Daring Pendidikan Seni Rupa Mahasiswa PGSD Universitas Muhammadiyah Sukabumi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Abstract: This research is entitled Online Learning of Fine Arts Education for PGSD Students of Muhammadiyah Sukabumi University during the Covid-19 Pandemic, which aims to describe the learning process of fine arts education for PGSD students at Muhammadiyah University of Sukabumi during the Covid-19 pandemic, and the obstacles faced by PGSD students of Muhammadiyah University of Sukabumi during the learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. To explore the data, a descriptive analysis method was used with a qualitative approach. The reason for using this method is that it is in accordance with the research objectives which want to describe and describe the process of learning fine arts education during the Covid-19 pandemic and the obstacles faced. The findings of the research show that: the learning process of fine arts education for PGSD Muhammadiyah University students in Sukabumi during the Covid-19 pandemic requires using several applications to achieve learning, As for the applications used, namely the Whatsapp group, and Instagram and the material presented in this online lecture, one of which is the Three-Dimensional Artwork by making works of art in the form of a corona virus, it is hoped that these works of art can become monumental works that can be remembered from one generation to another the next generation, that all people in the world have experienced difficult times during the Covid-19 pandemic. The process of making this work took approximately 4 weeks from 30 May 2020 - 4 June 2020. Then the obstacles faced by PGSD students of Muhammadiyah Sukabumi University during the learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic were very diverse, including internet signal and quota, stable internet signal and availability of quotas are very important because if one or both of them are inadequate, it will certainly interfere with the lecture process.

The Use of ToC & LFA vs Considerations for a Unified Logic Model Approach (ULMA) in Humanitarian and Development Interventions

Humanitarian and development workers often various challenges in developing and applying logic models in their interventions. Faced with a wide array of logic models that are often confusing, time and resource constraints further compound the decision to use a particular logic model or models, especially in emergencies. The decision of whether or not to use a single logic model such as the LFA or the ToC is not an easy one. Factors prevalent in the sector do not make this task an easy one. The question of whether the use of a single logic model independently should suffice to deliver the desired outcomes of the intervention remains paramount. Some humanitarian professionals and scholars argue that the use of a single logic model cannot sufficiently deliver the results of the intervention while others hold an opposing view. We sought to understand how time and resource constraints affect the choice of logic modes, the possibilities of using each logic model (ToC or LFA) independently to achieve projects/programme objectives as well as to make recommendations on the possibilities of uniting the key features of the ToC and the LFA into the Unified Logic Model Approach (ULMA) for better planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of humanitarian and development interventions. Primary data was collected as the main method of study between June and July 2024 with humanitarian and development professionals focused on the development of these tools and their use. Some of the categories of professionals interviewed included humanitarian and organisational CEOs, directors, coordinators, business development professionals, grant management professionals, programme and project managers, project officers, monitoring and evaluation specialists and assistants, sector leads and officers. These professionals from around the world were reached both online in their professional WhatsApp Groups and offline in their respective organisations (both local and international organisations). The survey questionnaire was structured to contain closed and open-ended questions and was informed by the core problems and the research hypothesis. The sample size included 284 participants and the data was analysed using the Chi-square (X 2 ) test of independence and descriptive statistics to determine the level of association and significance of the findings. The open-ended questions were analysed thematically to find relevant themes to further support the statistical analysis.

PENGELOLAAN E- LAYANAN KONSELING DALAM PENINGKATAN DISIPLIN PESERTA DIDIK BERBASIS WHATSAPP

Counseling services are less effective in conveying relevant and useful information to students, as well as the use of media is not optimal and there is a lack of time in providing counseling services to improve student discipline. Electronic counseling is an alternative that is relevant to technological developments and the needs of today's modern students. However, it is necessary to manage WhatsApp-based e-counseling services to improve student discipline at SMAN 4 Banda Aceh. The aim of this research is to determine the planning, implementation and obstacles to WhatsApp-based e-counseling services in improving student discipline. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The research subjects were guidance and counseling teachers, homeroom teachers, and students. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation, then the data is analyzed through triangulation techniques. The results of this research show that planning WhatsApp-based e-counseling services was carried out through stages: 1) survey of student needs and interests; 2) communication with parents and homeroom teachers 3) formation of several Whatsapp groups; 4) distribution of tasks to guidance and counseling teachers; 5) and long term planning. The implementation of WhatsApp-based e-counseling services is carried out in stages: 1) Analysis of student needs via the assessment questionnaire link; 2) introduction of WhatsApp-based counseling materials to parents and students; 3) individual counseling and group counseling via WhatsApp; 4) follow-up to students who have not changed; 5) collaboration with parents and homeroom teachers to resolve cases. Obstacles in managing WhatsApp-based e-counseling services include: 1) students are late in filling out assessment questionnaires via the website; 2) misuse of WhatsApp; 3) technological limitations; 4) lack of non-verbal communication between counselors and students

PREVALENCE OF SELF MEDICATION AMONG MBBS STUDENTS OF SHEIKH ZAYED MEDICAL COLLEGE, RAHIM YAR KHAN

Background: The prevalence of self-medication among medical students due to the virtue of their studying medicine is a significant issue. It can lead to various challenges including inappropriate symptom management and developing resistance to certain pharmaceutical drugs. Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the frequency of selfmedication among MBBS students of Sheikh Zayed Medical College Rahim Yar Khan. Methodology: The study design for this research was Cross-sectional study. The study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan. Study subjects were five batches of MBBS within the age group of 19-25 and the duration was between August 15, 2023 to September 15, 2023. A sample size of 130 students were included in the study. Before the study, consent was taken from all subjects. The questionnaire was shared via WhatsApp groups to collect information with complete anonymity. The variables included age, gender, locality and questions were: involvement in self medication practice, frequency in the past one year, reasons, source of advice, illness, complaints for medication, adverse effects, and if they had stopped it and consulted a doctor. This data was entered on SPSS and results were obtained in textural, graphical and tabular form. Results: The study showed that among 130 medical students, 107 (82.3%) had self-medicated. 65.4% did it because it was convenient. The mean age was 21.29. The most common reason was headache (63.6%) and second most prevalent reason was sore throat (59.8%). Most students (69.2%) selected the medicine based on their own experience and 58.9% did on the basis of a previous prescription. Over half of the subjects (57%) stopped using the medication once the symptoms were alleviated. Most students (72%) never had any adverse effects from self-medication. Conclusion: The prevalence of self-medication in students at Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan is high as 82.3% of students have self-medicated. The common reasons for self-medication are headache and sore throat. Almost one-half of students stopped using the medication with alleviation of symptoms. Most students never had any adverse effects from self-medication

2300 A survey on the underlying knowledge of doctors’ in conducting polypharmacy review and medication optimisation in older adults.

Abstract Introduction Polypharmacy is common among older adults and could result in adverse outcomes if not reviewed and optimised regularly (Davies et al, 2020). The aim of this survey is to assess and report on the variation in doctors’ understanding of medication reviews at Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells hospitals (MTW). Method A short, anonymised, online questionnaire was circulated to all current doctors at MTW via email and WhatsApp groups. Results 38 doctors of different grades (Foundation Year One-Consultant) from a variety of medical and surgical specialties responded. Of these, 41% could correctly define appropriate polypharmacy, but only 6% could define problematic polypharmacy. Most respondents (59.5%) had not received any training on structured medication reviews (SMR). 51.4% were not aware of any tools used in medication optimisation. 43% said they ‘always carry out’ medication reviews in clinical practice and 8.3% said that they never do. Less than half (38%) felt confident in completing SMR. The main barriers to routine implementation of SMR identified by the respondents were: lack of confidence (27%), time pressures (26%), senior clinicians not giving importance to SMR (16%), 3% felt it was not the doctor’s responsibility. Most respondents (91.7%) said that they would benefit from further training in SMR. Conclusions The results show that there is a wide variation in the respondents’ understanding and practice of medication reviews. Also, that there is a clear and well- founded demand for training. Once training has been formulated and delivered a follow up survey of those attending should be used to help gauge its effectiveness. The small sample size is a limitation of this study affecting its generalisability as is the fact that it was a self-selected group completing the survey.

2253 Establishing a national network of trainee representatives in geriatric medicine higher specialty training

Abstract Introduction This study demonstrates how a network of geriatric medicine trainee representatives was established across the UK. The intention of the network was threefold: accurately represent the interests of trainees by gathering national feedback, develop a job description of deanery trainee representatives and create a community of practice between representatives. Method Deanery trainee representatives were identified through TPDs then contacted to participate in an online questionnaire which also consented for whatsapp group invitation. Results: Deanery representatives were identified for 12 out of 13 deaneries, the final post was vacant. The survey response rate was 83% and all respondents gave permission to be added to the whatsapp group. We gathered information regarding eligibility, appointment and the role of deanery trainee representatives. Results Most deaneries (73%) do not require representatives to be a minimum grade whereas 27% required representatives to be ST4 or above. Over half (55%) were appointed following an expression of interest without an election, 27% required an election and 9% were approach and appointed directly either by the TPD or current representative. Once appointed 82% had no fixed term whilst 18% would have a term limited to two years. Once appointed the role entails an invitation to the local higher specialty training committee for 73% of respondents and 73% also reported a role in organising regional training. Conclusions The aim of this project to create a network between deanery representatives has been achieved and produced an engaged network of representatives facilitating accurate representation of trainees at a national level. Further applications include collaboration between trainees to share training practices. In a period of training recovery following the Covid-19 pandemic and a new geriatric medicine curriculum a community of practice between trainee representatives has enormous potential to improve training quality and experiences for geriatric medicine trainees in the UK.

Problem Encountered by the Students in Speaking English at English Students of Baturaja University

This research analyzes the problems faced by students of the English language education study program at Baturaja University, in speaking English. This type of research is descriptive qualitative using a survey approach. The sample in this study consisted of 48 students including the second semester with 26 respondents and the fourth semester with 22 students as respondents. Data was collected through a questionnaire using Google Form which was then distributed online via WhatsApp groups for each respondent class. It consist 20 statement with 2 indicator, namely: linguistic problems and psychology problems. The researcher used four point of likert scale for analyzing the data recapitulation, The researchers found two problems faced by students when speaking English, including linguistic problems and psychological problems. The results research show that 28,13% strongly agree, 46,2% agree, 20,01% disagree, 5,64% strongly disagree of students have linguistic problems in speaking English with the highest cause being lack of vocabulary. Meanwhile, regarding psychological problems, based on research resultsresearch show that 19,4% strongly agree, 46,2% agree, 20,01% disagree, 5,64% strongly of students have psychology problems in speaking English with the highest cause being lack of self-confidence. Thus, it can be seen that the most dominant causing problems in speaking English among students is linguistic problems.

Evaluation of Injured Structures and Circulation of Fingers From Photos Taken in the Emergency Department After Hand Injury

This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of smartphone photographs, taken at the emergency department (ED) and shared with hand surgeons, in identifying critical circulatory issues and neurovascular bundle injury, as well as tendon and bone injuries. The photographs of hand injuries of 50 patients who were referred to our ED between January 2020 and January 2022 were used to design a questionnaire. This questionnaire, including closed-ended questions about the injured structures, was shared with a group of hand surgeons via a WhatsApp group in Turkey. The experience levels of the surgeons were categorized as 0-5 years, 5-10 years, and above 10 years. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed by comparing the results with surgery notes as the reference standard. A total of 94 hand surgeons participated in the study. The accuracy of predicting critical circulatory issues in the hand/fingers from the smartphone photographs was 81.9%, with a sensitivity of 48.0% and a specificity of 91.4%. For neurovascular bundle injuries, the accuracy was 63.0%, with a sensitivity of 63.9% and a specificity of 61.5%. The accuracy of predicting tendon injuries was 64.9%, with a sensitivity of 81.1% and a specificity of 42.5%. The accuracy of predicting fracture was 74.7%, with a sensitivity of 70.9% and a specificity of 79.9%. Identifying critical circulatory issues solely based on the shared photograph is inadequate. Similarly, evaluation based only on the photograph was insufficient for the detection of neurovascular bundle injuries, tendon ruptures, and fractures. Digital images acquired in an ED setting and subsequent review of these images by hand surgeons may not be an adequately reliable strategy for determining the necessity of patient transfer.

Prevalence of Varicose Veins Among Surgeons: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Extended periods of standing, obesity, female sex, and older age are risk factors associated with a higher probability of developing varicose veins (VV). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of VV among surgeons in public hospitals inMakkah, Saudi Arabia, and to identify the risk factors associated with this condition. Methodology This is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on a validated online questionnaire distributed via hospital WhatsApp(Meta Platforms Inc., Menlo Park, CA) groups conducted between January and June 2024. The inclusion criteria of this study were surgeons of both sexes and any age group working in the selected hospitals in Makkah City, who agreed to participate in the study. The exclusion criteria were any other healthcare workers from outside the surgical field. We included 192 participants, and Epi Info software (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA) was used to calculate the sample size. The data were collected, reviewed, and then fed into IBM SPSS Statistics software for Windows version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Every participant filled out a consent form. The university ethics committee of Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, granted ethical permission. Result This study comprised 192 surgeons in Makkah hospitals. Twenty-eight surgeons were either diagnosed with VV or had signs of VV. Varicose veins were detected among 50% of thoracic surgeons, 42.9% of pediatric surgeons, and 26.3% of orthopedic surgeons. The most reported risk factors were a family history of VV (17%), hypertension (16%), and diabetes mellitus (14%). Surgeons aged 40 years or older had a higher prevalence of VV than younger ones. Also, 55.6% of obese surgeons had VV compared to 7.8% of others with average weight. Conclusion We found that VV is a common problem, particularly among individuals with predisposing factors, such as long standing hours, smoking, pregnancy, and obesity. We found that surgeons specializing in thoracic and pediatric specialties and female surgeons were more likely to be affected by VV. Preventive measures, such as avoiding prolonged standing, wearing compression stockings, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, are recommended.

The effects of profession-related films on the professional pride of nursing students: A randomised controlled trial.

This study aimed to determine the effects of profession-related films on the professional pride of nursing students. The study was conducted with a randomised controlled experimental design. The sample of the study consisted of 102 students enrolled in the first year of the School of Nursing, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University in Türkiye in the 2022-2023 academic year. These students were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 57) and control (n = 45) groups. The experimental group watched two documentaries and a film on YouTube with a one-week break. Self-administered online questionnaires were distributed via WhatsApp groups for pretests and posttests. Data were collected with a "Sociodemographic Data Form" and the "Nursing Professional Pride Scale (NPPS)" included in the questionnaire forms prepared on the Google Forms platform. Data were analysed using Spearman's rho, the Mann-Whitney U Test, and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The mean age of the participants was 18.80 ± 0.99 years, 80% of the participants were female, the place where 79.4% had lived for the longest duration in their lives was the city, 85.3% had information about the profession of nursing before they started university (36.8% from the internet, 34.6% from people around them). The experimental group had significantly higher NPPS scores than the control group after the intervention (p = 0.017). There was also a significant increase in the dimensions of professional feeling (p = 0.012) and desire to continue the profession in the experimental group (p = 0.002). Patients and public were not involved in this research.

IMPROVING WRITING SKILLS IN BUSINESS ENGLISH STUDENTS – THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED TECHNOLOGY

Today, more than ever, effective communication, regardless of the shape it takes, is important for every company’s success. Having as a target the idea of going global, employers search for employees who know exactly how to express themselves in order to be understood efficiently and correctly, constantly ranking writing ability among the most popular skills for business graduates to possess. Nowadays, the global business image needs professionals who possess communications skills, especially writing skills since businesses want to convey their idea, a message, a concept to employees, customers, partners, contractors all over the world. We can think of a lot of reasons why writing skills are important in the business world. As communication technologies and information are having a great impact on all the aspects of the language use, written communication changes, too. The more diffused computer-mediated communications are, the more we witness a modification in the purpose of writing, the genres of written communication and the nature of the audience. For both teachers and students, writing has always been a problematic issue, due to several aspects, among which the most significant ones are: it is more time-consuming, it is not very dynamic, it is not very interactive and therefore, it is more difficult to be integrated in the structure of the course of Business English. The whole picture has changed. One of the most used platforms among students is WhatsApp, being a popular instructional learning medium. The present article is based on research using semistructured interviews, in the qualitative phase, as an instrument for data collection, aimed to find out the students’ perspective towards the use of WhatsApp group in improving their writing ability in English. The sample of the study consists of 45 students at the Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Oradea, first and second year of study. The author wants to research how today’s technology influences the development of writing skills in Business English students, more exactly the impact of the WhatsApp groups, in the case of the abovementioned students. The elements discussed are the following: tone, simplicity, clarity and concision. The results show that the students feel that their writing skills have improved after a period of using WhatsApp group and benefit during the teaching and learning process. It also shows that it can develop the writing ability of the students. This result is supported by the opinions of the students who gave more good responses than bad ones. Thus, the result shows that the WhatsApp group is one of the most appreciated and appropriate learning platforms for today’s Generation Z.

Knowledge, awareness, and approaches of dentistry students about separated instruments in root canals: A cross-sectional study.

This survey aims to assess the understanding, viewpoints, and methods employed by undergraduate dental students in the fourth and fifth grades regarding broken endodontic instruments in root canal procedures. A survey comprising 27 questions across three sections-demographic information, practical application, and knowledge-approach-awareness inquiries-was developed. It was distributed to 282 students either in person or via a link shared through WhatsApp groups using Google Forms. Out of the total 219 respondents (77.6%), 10.6% experienced instrument breakage once during their clinical internship, while 2.8% encountered it more than once. The majority (86.7%) did not face instrument fracture incidents. Among these occurrences, it was observed that endodontic instruments were most commonly separated in molars, accounting for 51.9%. Nearly half (48.1%) of the students noted instrument breakage during the initial attempt to reach the apical part of the canal, while 55.6% reported breakage during root canal cleaning and shaping. Most dental students opted to leave the separated instrument in the root canal and proceed with filling it. Enhancing students' understanding and awareness of this matter will help prevent potential complications and enable them to handle such situations appropriately when they arise.

MS. Power Point as a LMS Platform in Arabic Learning in Islamic Boarding School

This research is motivated by the condition of the COVID-19 pandemic, which requires learning to be carried out online or online. Thus forcing teachers to be creative in preparing learning tools that can be used online. From several commonly used learning media or devices such as the Whatsapp Group, there are still obstacles to be faced. The research entitled "Development of MS-Based Arabic Learning Management System (LMS). PowerPoint 365 at Islamic Boarding Schools" was implemented. This study aimed to produce a Microsoft PowerPoint 365-based Arabic Learning Management System (LMS) product on al mihnah (profession) material at Islamic boarding school-based MTs Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Proto. The resulting LMS is a good and effective product and improves students' Arabic language learning. This Learning Management System (LMS) develops using the Borg & Gall model. The procedure for creating this LKS goes through the following stages: (1) the research and data collection stage, (2) the planning stage, (3) the initial product draft planning stage, (4) the expert validity testing stage, (5) the product revision stage, (6) dissemination, and implementation stages. Based on the results of the LMS validation, overall, it was declared valid with a total percentage of 78.66%. Based on the results of the student response questionnaire as a practicality test, a portion of 88.22 was obtained. At the same time, the results of the students' post-test got an average value of the control class of 64.38, while the average of the experimental course was 86.89. This shows that the LMS is effectively used. The results of the t-test on the post-test results manually yielded a t-value of 5.2. Using db = 73 and with a significance level of 5%, a t-table value of 1.992997 is obtained. This shows that there are differences between the classes being compared. While the test results using SPSS 16.0 obtained a significance level of 0.000, there are differences between the types being compared. From the two tests above, it can be concluded that there is an effect of using LMS on al mihnah (profession) material for class VIII MTs Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Proto which is based on Islamic boarding schools.

Enhancing Knowledge and Compliance in Anemia Treatment Through a WhatsApp Group at SMPN 1 Karangrejo, Magetan, Indonesia

Enhancing Knowledge and Compliance in Anemia Treatment Through a WhatsApp Group at SMPN 1 Karangrejo, Magetan, Indonesia

INNOVATIVE STRATEGY OF THE HEAD OF SASANA JAYA MONASTERY IN CRISIS MANAGEMENT

The head of The Sasana Jaya Buddhist Monastery manages all threats, makes quick decisions, and monitors the development of the crisis. This study aims to describe the innovative strategies of the monastery's head in facing health, social, economic, spiritual, and educational challenges as a form of crisis management in response to COVID-19. This research is qualitative and employs a case study method. Data collection uses observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The validity of the data is ensured through credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability tests. Data analysis involves data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Strategies in the social sector include the distribution of basic necessities, masks, and vitamins. Innovative strategies in the economic field include fundraising through kathina, pattidana, and puja pelita activities to maintain the operation and existence of the monastery. Educational innovation is achieved through online learning media via WhatsApp groups. The aspect of faith is reinforced through the recitation of the Ratana Sutta during every puja

The effect of aggressive group norms on young adults’ conformity behavior in WhatsApp chats: a vignette-based experiment

Social networking and messaging applications, such as WhatsApp, have become an essential social environment for adolescents and young adults (AYA). While facilitating connectivity, they also bear hazards, including cyber-aggression. This study investigates the impact of (aggressive) group norms on AYA's propensity to expect cyberaggressive behaviors within different group chats. Based on a vignette scenario, realistically simulated WhatsApp group chats enabled scrutinizing, if and how exemplary reactions (funny, aggressive, friendly) of group members influence AYA's conformity to cyber-aggression (N = 500, aged 16 to 29). Additionally, we examined the effect of chat group type—close friends versus fellow students—on the anticipation of aggressive reactions. Sociodemographic, social, and developmental-psychological factors were evaluated for potential effects. Multilevel logistic regression analyses indicated that aggressive group norms significantly predict cyber-aggression anticipation, while no effect of chat group type was observed. Controlling for the size and vivacity of participant’s friend group, gender, age, and educational status were significant predictors: males, younger participants, and non-university students expected higher levels of cyber-aggression conformity. This study underlines the importance of group dynamics on perceptions of cyber-aggression and hints at individual risk factors for AYA's digital communication behavior.

KOLABORASI DALAM PELATIHAN PENULISAN KARYA ILMIAH MAHASISWA MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA DARING

This training activity aims to optimize students' ability to write and publish scientific papers through coordinated online training. The training, which was held on Saturday, May 25, 2024, involved 150 students from various universities in Indonesia, including Indo Global Mandiri University, STIA Bala Putra Dewa, Universitas Terbuka, Sriwijaya University, UIN Walisongo University Semarang, Jakarta State University, Palembang Ministry of Health Polytechnic, and STIE Aprin Palembang. The method of the activity is planned by identifying problems, carried out online through WhatsApp Groups and Zoom Meetings, including three sessions of delivering interesting material about scientific publications and writing. Each session began with an opening by the MC, prayer reading, and singing the Indonesia Raya song, followed by material presentations by three speakers. This training is designed to overcome students' limited knowledge in scientific writing and utilize digital technologies, including Artificial Intelligence, to improve the quality and effectiveness of their scientific work. Through this program, it is hoped that students can better understand the process of scientific writing and publication, so that they can produce works that are of higher quality and ready to be published.

Hate Speech Propagation and Regulation in WhatsApp Groups: Evidence from Nigeria

ABSTRACT This study examines the prevalence and effects of hate speech propagation on WhatsApp groups in Nigeria. It also explores the role of WhatsApp group administrators (WGAs) in regulating it. Online passive participant observation method was used to collect data from sixteen purposively selected WhatsApp groups in Nigeria. Results indicate a high prevalence of gender, religious, political and ethnic hate speech in majority of the sampled WhatsApp groups. It also shows that hate speech generates tension and conflict among WhatsApp group participants. Moreover, the study reveals that most WGAs applied punitive measures against hate speech propagators. The findings advance the emerging area of online hate speech and brings to fore the conflict resolution, peacebuilding and third-party policing potentials of WhatsApp group administrators.