Welfare To Work Research Articles

How sustainable are the biodegradable medical gowns via environmental and social life cycle assessment?

The growing disposable medical gown consumption due to the COVID-19 pandemic has driven tons of waste to landfills and posed plastic pollution. Investigating the pros and cons of biodegradable gowns over conventional counterparts can guide disposable medical gowns to be environmentally and socially sustainable. This work presents environmental and social life cycle assessments (E− and S-LCA) of biodegradable gowns to compare their environmental and social performances with conventional ones. The E-LCA evaluates the full-spectrum environmental impacts from gown production to end-of-life waste management processes, while the S-LCA assesses their associated influence on economic growth, employment, and worker welfare. The social impacts are evaluated based on the economic input-output analysis results of the economic sectors or gown life cycle stages involved in the gown value chain. Results show that biodegradable gown production poses 10.76% higher ecotoxicity than conventional alternatives contributed by pro-oxidant manufacturing. Integrating the landfill gas (LFG) capture and utilization processes into biodegradable gown waste treatment can reduce 48.81% of life cycle land use and over 5.67% of total greenhouse gas emissions. However, integrating this process in sanitary landfills to treat disinfected gown wastes can increase technical complexity, which enhances 70% of safety risks and 40% frequency of forced labor. Industrial composting biodegradable gowns can reduce over 20.5% of particulate matter formation versus sanitary landfills. Overall, fossil-based gowns possess full-spectrum environmental and social advantages over biodegradable counterparts treated by industrial composting and sanitary landfills. If improving the efficiencies of LFG capture by 85%, biogenic methane oxidation by 43%, and heat generation by 85%, biodegradable gowns can outperform conventional counterparts in reducing GHG emissions and fossil fuel use.

Implementing Equity and Equality at the Frontline in Two Contrasting Welfare-To-Work (WTW) Organizations in California

Implementing Equity and Equality at the Frontline in Two Contrasting Welfare-To-Work (WTW) Organizations in California

Sistem Pelaksanaan Upah dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syari’ah Sebagai Solusi Meningkatkan Taraf Ekonomi Pengusaha Keramba Jaring Apung

This research aimed to find out the impact of fee-hiring practice on the incomes of floating netted-cage entrepreneurs, factors that interfered such practice, and the review of Sharia Economy on paying-hiring practice in fish farming by using floating netted-cage. This field research applied qualitative descriptive method. The data were collected through interviewing 28 key informants and observing the fish cage directly in the site, which was in Kampar. Based on the results it was found out that the practice of paying-hiring in fish farming by using floating netted-cage in Kampar did not involve written agreement. In addition, although the job descriptions were informed clearly, some entrepreneurs chose to not include the amount of payment information at the beginning. The payment was on time and the amount of payment was decided based on the payment standard of fish cage entrepreneurs. There was work accident compensation assurance, but there was not worker health assurance. The results also indicated that low payment standard that was decided by fish cage entrepreneurs became the main factor that caused failure of fee-hiring practice in raising floating netted-cage welfare in Kampar. In addition, low standard payment was due to the assumption that given fee was sufficient for workers because of their consumption compensation. According to Sharia Economy the practice of fee-hiring was not based on the Sharia Economy principles because it only encompassed justice principle, worthiness, and mutual assistance. However, the objective to bring welfare for workers was not achieved. Fish farming by using floating netted-cage became chance to get job especially for society in Kampar. In addition, this business had a good prospect. The escalation of entrepreneurs Economy was achieved. It was indicated by the number of fish cages that were owned by entrepreneurs in Kampar.

MOTIVASI ANGGOTA IPRAHUMAS INDONESIA DALAM PENULISAN KARYA TULIS ILMIAH

Professional development must be carried out to increase the value of quality and the professional welfare of functional workers in government institutions. Professional development efforts can be made by writing published scientific papers (KTI). The existence of scientific work becomes essential and is a prerequisite for those who want to improve the hierarchy of ranks and positions in government institutions. Scientific works published in scientific journals on behalf of individuals and groups that discuss social and public relations phenomena can be used as the performance standards barometer for government public relations functional employees to get income incentives. This study aims to identify and explain the instructional communication strategies and motivations of the Iprahumas Training participants in writing scientific papers. The research method used is the form of a survey in the form of a census of all participants of the training in writing scientific papers, namely the public relations institutions who are members of the Indonesian Public Relations Official Association (Iprahumas). The data collection technique was carried out by giving questionnaires to the participants, which were equipped with observation guidelines, interviews, and literature studies. Research shows that the motivation of Iprahumas scientific papers writing training participants is still low, namely 71.4% are unable to write scientific papers. That is because participants have limited knowledge and experience writing scientific papers in scientific journals. The participants tried to be able to implement communication strategies in the form of continuous technical guidance regularly with mentors through the WhatsApp social media group. The study's conclusion showed that the participants' understanding of scientific writing through scientific writing training was still low, which had implications for the participants' motivation to decrease. Only a few participants prepared the type of scientific article writing during the scientific writing workshop.

SOCIAL WELFARE OF EMPLOYEES IN THE FIELD OF CIVIL DEFENSE

Social welfare of workers in the field of professional protection is discussed in the article; on the basis ofscientific research it was found that in the result of the military aggression of the Russian Federation, the full-fledgedsocial protection of people of certain professions, employees of civil defense bodies and units and their families, inparticular, remained under threat. The forms of social welfare for certain categories of citizens defined by theConstitution of Ukraine have been revealed. A list and brief description (according to main target groups, scope ofregulation, purpose of adoption, significance and relevance) of the main acts of current legislation in the field of socialprotection and social security of target groups is provided. The Articles of Chapter X of "Social and legal protectionof the rank and file members of the civil protection service, employees of administrative bodies and civil protectionforces, and persons dismissed from the civil protection service" of the Civil Protection Code of Ukraine have beencommented on. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature and consideration of the articles X of the Civil DefenseCode of Ukraine, it has been proven that the state takes care of the social welfare of the rank and file members of thecivil defense service and their family members, providing assistance in matters of rehabilitation, housing, vacation,monetary assistance, etc. It is noted that one of the defining elements in the regulation of public relations in the socialsphere is the compliance with the principle of proportionality between the social protection of citizens and the financialcapabilities of the state, as well as guaranteeing the right of everyone to a sufficient standard of living.

Does the minimum wage improve the welfare of workers? Evidence from the 2013 minimum wage reform in Thailand

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the 2013 minimum wage reform in Thailand. The study employs a difference‐in‐difference (DID) estimation and utilises data drawn from comprehensive socioeconomic household surveys from 2009 to 2019. The findings suggest that the minimum wage reform significantly increased the average daily earnings, the number of paid days of employment, consumption expenditure per capita, and income per capita. However, the minimum wage reform had little impact on poor households. The results withstand different estimation techniques and a set of additional controls.

Health as an emerging value in the construction of quality of berries in Huelva (Spain)

This article examines how health is constructed as an emerging value of quality standards in intensive agriculture in the province of Huelva (Spain) with a specific focus on the health and welfare of female seasonal migrant workers. Based on an ethnographic approach, the research draws on two sources: an analysis of Global G.A.P. quality standards documentation and qualitative in-depth interviews with four key social actors, including local producers, social and professional organisations, healthcare professionals and migrant women working on seasonal contracts. Drawing on theoretical contributions from convention theory and the socio-anthropological approach of political economy, the study identified imbalances between the meanings and practices around health and safety. Principally, the study concludes that norms established by quality standards focus almost exclusively on consumers’ health while neglecting the health costs and inequalities experienced by female agricultural workers.

Legal Protection of Workers in a Certain Time Work Agreement (PKWT) is Reviewed from Law No. 11 of 2020 Concerning Job Creation and Government Regulations

The presence of the Job Creation Law is expected to be able to protect the welfare of workers. Workers are an asset to a company. The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 27 paragraph (2) protects the basic rights inherent in workers. The implementation of Industrial Relations in line with the development of the economy in general-, is a logical consequence of the absolute development required. This research was conducted to find out and analyze the Legal Protection of Workers / Workers in PKWT, agreement clauses in certain time work agreements (PKWT), legal remedies that can be carried out in resolving problems between the Implementation of PWKT, legal protection for workers/workers who are bound by a Certain Time Work Agreement (PKWT) in Government Regulations and Law No. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. This research shows that PKWT Contract agreements generally contain several clauses that must be included, including a termination clause, an employment agreement expiration clause, and a clause on the rights and obligations of the parties. Work protection for workers/workers can be carried out properly if the parties know their respective rights and responsibilities, and understand labor laws in accordance with norms, job creation laws, and government regulations. The government must socialize workers in providing work protection that includes the rights and obligations of workers in accordance with job creation laws and government regulations. So that the workers are not blind to their own rights and obligations in accordance with applicable Laws and Government Regulations. Keywords: Legal Protection, Workers, PKWT

호텔 종사자의 근로손실, 스트레스, 신체화 증상과 주관적 구강 증상의 관련성

Objectives: To examine the stress levels and somatic symptoms of hotel workers and the risk factors affecting their perceived oral symptoms. Methods: A research survey was conducted between November 1 and December 31, 2021 among 600 hotel workers in the metropolitan area. The survey items related to perceived stress, somatic symptoms, oral health stress and perceived oral symptoms. The research analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Version 21.0. Results: After controlling for exogenous variables, work loss, stress, somatic symptoms, and oral health stress all had a significant effect on perceived oral symptoms, with somatic symptoms showing the greatest influence. Conclusions: It is recommended that hotel workers' physical and oral health should be promoted by programs that take into account their various working environments and job characteristics. This would improve the welfare of the hotel workers and prevent labor loss. Furthermore, existing manuals should be expanded.

The Role of Career Development Management on Health Sector Service Delivery in Devolved Units in the Western Kenya Region

The reformation of the healthcare system in Kenya is anchored on the objectives of Articles 10, and 232 of the Constitution of Kenya promulgated on 27th August, 2010. However, these reforms have not achieved the envisioned results due to the transfer of functions to counties before building capacity at the county level to enable them to undertake the devolved functions effectively and efficiently, especially in the health sector despite the major policy, system, and infrastructural changes to 'fix' the health system to increase access, improve service delivery, reduce costs and increase accountability and improve responsiveness. The health sector in the county governments is still facing a myriad of challenges like delayed or lack of promotion, a severe shortage of staff in essential cadres, workers' strikes, and diminishing productivity among health workers. There is evidence of failure to provide sustainable access to quality and affordable healthcare occasioned by frequent strikes by HRH. Their major grievances have been lack of promotion and poor remuneration among cadres disrupting the only health system accessible to the poor majority. This informs the study's objective of assessing the influence of career development management on the health sector service delivery in devolved healthcare units in western Kenya. The study was anchored on Hertzberg's two-factor theory and agency theory. The study targeted a population of 3,547, and a sample size of 367 (201 HRH and 166 inpatients) was obtained based on the sample size determination table proposed by Krejcie and Morgan (1970) and Proportional allocation. Simple random sampling was used to obtain sample sizes for each stratum. Multi-stage, purposive and simple random sampling procedures were used to get the health facilities to participate in the study. Stratified cluster sampling, purposive and simple random sampling were used to include pre-described sample targets. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain data from the human resources for health and inpatients, whereas interview schedules were used to collect data from the in-charge of cadres. An explanatory research design was used. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, which included correlational and Simple Linear Regression Analysis on SPSS (version 23). The results of the regression coefficient indicated that b= 0.108, t =0.966, p=0.000<0.05. It showed that career development management significantly influenced service delivery in the health sector in the devolved units. The study recommends that promotion decisions should be based on employee performance to encourage fairness. Adequate training opportunities be provided to all employees to prepare them to do their job efficiently. It proposes policies and frameworks for the welfare of health care workers and improves service delivery to the citizens of these counties. County governments should have a clear succession plan so that healthcare providers can align their productivity to their career goals and aspirations.

Digital Transformation of Informal Workers in the New Normal Era: “Can It Be the Solution We Are Searching For?”

The COVID-19 pandemic has proven to accelerate digitalisation transformation in Indonesia. Various economic activities have involved digital media, the internet, and information technology to support productivity, including informal workers who make up the majority of workers in East Java. This research can provide an initial picture of digital transformation and its impact on informal workers in the new normal through the National Labor Force Survey Data from 2019 to 2022, complemented by other data. Using binary logistic regression analysis, all independent variables in the form of digitalisation, social security, productive age, and risk of exposure to COVID-19 proved to have a significant effect on the welfare of informal workers in the new normal. Furthermore, with the focus of the analysis on digitisation, this study shows that digitalisation can significantly catalyse the formalisation of the informal workforce. The formalisation will reduce the vulnerability of informal workers so that microeconomic activity can be accelerated, which impacts the macroeconomy and society in East Java. This study can also describe the specific segmentation of regencies/cities in East Java regarding the readiness for digitalisation transformation as measured by analysis of variable factors related to the demand and supply sides of digital transformation. Both sides were then carried out a cluster analysis of the Regency/City area in East Java.

Codetermination and Power in the Workplace

How does codetermination—entitling workers to participate in firm governance, either through membership on company boards or the formation of works councils—affect worker welfare and corporate decision-making? We critically discuss the history and contemporary operation of European codetermination arrangements and review empirical evidence on their effects on firms and workers. Our review suggests that these arrangements are unlikely to significantly shift power in the workplace, but may mildly improve worker welfare and firm performance, in part by boosting information-sharing and cooperation and in part by slightly increasing worker influence.

50 Influence of Farrowing Assistance Intervals on Piglet, Sows and Workers

Abstract Farrowing assistance (FA) is a common on-farm intervention, also called sleeving on many farms. Assistance consists of reaching into the vaginal cavity of an actively farrowing sow for examination and removing any piglets or birthing tissues obstructing the birth canal. Motivations for FA focus on better care of the piglets and sows because complications are noticed and addressed faster, but too frequent of intervention could be detrimental to the sow and increase injury risk to workers. There is little published information on FA effects on the pigs or employees. The objective of this study was to systematically determine the impact of different FA intervals on the welfare of piglets, sows, and workers. Sows (330 total) in a commercial breeding farm were randomly assigned to one of three FA intervals commonly used on farms: FA every 20-min since last liveborn piglet; FA every 40-min; and FA every hour with visual evaluation every 40-min. Measures were gathered at 3 points: during farrowing, 24-h before weaning, and after giving birth to their next litter. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and GLM for normalized data and Kruskal-Wallis for non-parametric data. Results were significant for alpha< 0.05. Overall, there were few observed differences between treatments for piglets, sows, or workers. FA did not affect piglet survival for measures like mortality or weight, and did not influence the need for additional care for sows or future reproductive success. For workers, FA increases strenuous movements (p< 0.0001) of bending, kneeling, lying down and finger opposition from pulling piglets putting them at risk for injury. The results of this study did not support a benefit for the most frequent FA for piglet mortality. While there is merit to regularly observing the sows during farrowing, there does not appear to be a significant benefit to FA at every observation.

Protection of Labor in Realizing Labor Welfare in Construction Projects (JIIPE Manyar Gresik Construction Project Study)

In the current era of 4.0, the job market opportunities for construction services continue to develop. The Java Integrated Industrial and Ports Estate (JIIPE) construction project, which is located in an industrial area in Gresik, is an area development project that is targeted to be able to absorb a workforce of 500 thousand people. The workforce has a role in national productivity and community welfare. Therefore, the human resources of the workforce must be empowered in order to have the competence, skills, and quality optimally. The Construction Services Law Number 2 of 2017 Article 70 stipulates that every construction worker who works in the Construction sector is required to have a Work Competency Certificate. determined based on the certificate held, in addition, labor distribution and protection of workers are also not optimal, for the welfare of workers in construction projects. In this study using descriptive qualitative research . Data were obtained through interview, documentation, observation and questionnaire techniques, sampling using purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of the study, it was found that (1) JIIPE provides opportunities for local residents to become part of the world of work by looking at the appropriate competencies, (2) workers in the JIIPE area are given the opportunity to develop their soft skills. skills by participating in competency development training with output certificates of expertise or competency certificates in accordance with their fields. This is the JIIPE Manyar Gresik development project provide welfare for workers and their families.

Immigration of Medical Workers and Variable Labour Supply

This paper studies the effects of immigration policy on the immigration of foreign medical workers on the welfare and income distribution of home medical workers and labourers. We set up a simple small open economy with two traded goods and non-traded medical care services. In the economy, there exists a constant rate of labourers who get ill health and must leave their jobs and thereby lose part of their income. But they can reduce the loss of working time and income by consuming medical services. There are two channels that consumption of the medical service affects the welfare of consumers: (i) consumption of medical service raises the state of health and increases utility, and (ii) consumption of medical service reduces the leave period of labourers and raises their wage income (labour supply-enhancing effect). We see that the above second effect makes the effective price of the medical service for the consumer lower than its market price and causes consumption bias towards the consumption of medical services. To introduce the above properties of consumption of medical service, we define the effective expenditure function of the labourers and examine its properties and conduct comparative static analyses. JEL codes: F13, F22

Pengembangan kapasitas kelompok kerja tukang bangunan dalam membangun rumah sederhana tahan gempa di Kecamatan Muara Satu, Kota Lhokseumawe (Builder capacity development for build a simple earthquake resistant house in Muara Satu Sub-District, Lhokseumawe City)

The purpose of this service is as an effort to improve the skills and social status and welfare of construction workers in Muara Satu Sub-District, Lhokseumawe City. Methods as well as provide basic education about how construction works in order to obtain information and understanding about simple earthquake-resistant house construction work. Stage while improving work group skills. builders in constructing building structures that meet the requirements of earthquake-resistant simple houses. The method of implementing the activity begins with site observation and licensing, participant recruitment and training implementation. To measure the success of the training, a pre-test and post-test were conducted in each material session. Based on the results of the activities that have been carried out, it is known that participants gain an increase in understanding of up to 40% after the training and are expected to be a provision for craftsmen in carrying out their profession. In conclusions, that the training went well and provided an increase in the knowledge of construction workers in terms of building simple earthquake-resistant houses. Partners must to understand the material provided in order to be a skilled builders.

Changes in health and welfare after workers’ compensation benefits cease.

ObjectivesTo investigate welfare and health service use among workers with long-duration workers’ compensation claims after workers’ compensation stopped. To identify changes in health and welfare of workers whose compensation benefits ended due to a 260-week limit under s39(1) of the Workers’ Compensation Act New South Wales 2012 legislative amendments, Australia. ApproachWorkers’ compensation claims from the New South Wales State Insurance Regulatory Authority were linked to records for social security payments, hospital and emergency department admissions, and health professional services. A cohort of 15,258 workers with long-duration workers’ compensation claims (>2 years) were classified based on whether compensation ended due to a 260-week limit (s39 group), or in circumstances where compensation benefits stopped independently of a 260-week limit (injured control group), and are contextualised with a community comparator (N=10,703). Changes in welfare and health service use were examined 12 months preceding, and 12 months following, a final workers’ compensation benefit payment. ResultsAfter workers’ compensation benefits ceased under a 260-week limit there was a 53% increase in the uptake of social security benefits such as unemployment or disability payments by the s39 group, and levels of hospitalisation remained elevated compared to a community comparator. In contrast, workers whose compensation ended for other reasons, such as returning to work, saw a 28% increase in receipt of social security payments, and coincided with decreased hospitalisation incidence after exiting the workers’ compensation scheme. Overall, receipt of welfare and use of hospital health services after workers’ compensation ended was more common for people aged 65 or older, non-homeowners, single parents, and people living outside major cities. Social security payments were underrepresented for people with compensable psychological injuries, whilst hospitalisation was overrepresented. ConclusionThe introduction of a 260-week limit on workers’ compensation benefits resulted in a cohort of workers transitioning to the social security system, and did not coincide with a characteristic reduction in hospital service use. Policy changes must recognise interconnected consequences of changes to welfare and health. Transitional supports are encouraged.

Determination of the maximum time limit on a specific time work agreement in the view of legal certainty and fairness

Labour as a party with a relatively weak bargaining position must receive legal protection from the state. Justice for workers is a condition that ensures the continuity of their employment relationship status and justice for the welfare of workers. This study aims to provide an overview of the legal changes regarding the maximum time limit of a certain work agreement that changes the justice of legal certainty in Indonesia. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. This research is formative research on labour law in Indonesia. This study uses three approaches, namely: a legislative approach, a conceptual approach and a comparative approach. The information base of research has been formed through using documentation and literature studies on the problems that occur with changes in employment status in Indonesia. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman models, namely data reduction, data tabulation, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The study results indicate that the application of the new regulation on employment is less fair and prosperous for workers with a certain time work agreement. The research results are expected to be taken into consideration for related parties to prioritize the welfare of workers for a certain period to improve the standard of living of workers for a certain period.

ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING AND WORK ENGAGEMENT ON TURNOVER INTENTION ON HEALTH PERSONNEL AT PKU MUHAMMADIYAH HOSPITAL SRUWENG

Employee well-being has an important role that will increase effectiveness and efficiency so as to increase work engagement which has a positive impact on improving services for patients in hospitals. The high workload that is not in accordance with the welfare of health workers in hospitals will have an impact on the desire of health workers to leave the hospital where they currently work (turnover intention). The purpose of this study was to analyze employee well-being and work engagement on turnover intention in health workers at PKU Muhammadiyah Sruweng Hospital. The type of research conducted is descriptive qualitative research. The research sample specified in this study was 20 health workers. Researchers collected data by in-depth interview method assisted by open-answer questions from respondents with predetermined interview guides. The results showed that employee well-being in health workers was in the high category. Work engagement on health is in the medium category. Meanwhile, the turnover intention of health workers at PKU Muhamamdiyah Hospital Sruweng is high.

Analysis of Unused Leave Due to the Influence of Theory Social Cognitive and Self Efficacy in PT Pertamina Gas

Leave is one of the company's non-financial compensations to maintain or improve employee performance. Leave plays a role in maintaining the health and welfare of workers, an anomaly that occurs is that several employees of PT PERTAMINA GAS do not use Leave quota fully. The influence of self-efficacy and social cognitive theory such as example from negative perpective such as causing negative perceptions after returning from Leave did not cause calm/relaxation, causing a waste of savings on the other hand, there is also a positive perspective. Leave should be used as it affects their health and well-being. Keywords: Leave; Self Efficacy; Compensation