Translation Of Text Research Articles

Translation of Children’s Rhyme Bible Storybook on “The Creation” from English into Indonesian

Foreign children’s literature has been translated in various target languages and the most translated stories are from the Bible. The uniqueness of this study is on the rhyming text translation. It is very challenging in translating rhyming text due to distinct features of orality, sociocultural context, lexical and grammatical issues. This paper aims at 1) exploring rhyme types found both in the source text and in the target text; 2) investigating the use of the translation techniques; 3) examining the translation shift; and 4) assessing the translation quality of the rhyming translated text. This is a descriptive qualitative study that applied the content analysis design. The collection of data is through focus group discussion, note-taking and quality translation (QT) rating instrument. Then data are analyzed using analyses of domain, taxonomy, and componential. The findings present 9 data of rhyme types identified in the source text and 10 data of rhyme types in the target text. Besides, there are 12 translation techniques frequently used. Furthermore, the translation shift exists in the translated text indicated by 34 data. Finally, the assessment of translation quality reveals the rates of three aspects of the parameter namely accuracy (2.22), acceptability (3), and readability (3) in which its overall score is 2.61. The overall score of the translation quality reveals that the translation meaningfully succeeds.

A model for queer drama translation analysis

ABSTRACT Drama, queer theory, and translation studies intersect in their search for providing a voice in the target culture minding correspondences and preventing intrusions that might otherwise render a censored version. To date, there are few instruments for the descriptive analysis of drama translation, and the most specific model of analysis for queer textualities restricts its scope to the translation of camp, with attention on pivotal concepts such as the right to identity, access to knowledge, visibility, and freedom of expression. However, there is no broad yet fitting instrument for the study of LGBTQ+ drama from a queer, political perspective. This article offers a much-needed paradigm that considers queer and LGBT+ theatre from the point of view of queer translation in a context of farther-reaching queer dramatic texts in translation.

The Patterns of Reforming in the Legacy of Al-Imam Al-Sajjad (PBUH):A Rhetorical Pragmatic Analysis

This paper deals with the study of pragmatic strategies and rhetorical devices to demonstrate the patterns of reforming: self,social , and moral reforming in the legacy of Imam Al-Sajjad(pbuh) ,that is represented by prayers and supplications .This heritage combines the spirit of revolution against tyranny and jihadist enthusiasm against deviations in all aspects of life . Imam Al-Sajjad(pbuh) adopts several ways for reforming including preaching ,calling people to have morals , directing people to know the truths ,causes of happiness and misery . These ways are intended to warn people against mindlessness by addressing the mind ,spirit ,and emotion .Hence ,this study focuses on the persuasive discourse in which pragmatics and rhetoric are integrated and aims at investigating the pragmatic strategies and rhetorical devices that are utilized as analytical tools to analyze the supplications and prayers of Imam Al- Sajjad (pbuh) delivered under the topic of reforming . Accordingly ,the study attempts to answer the following questions: What are the pragmatic strategies and rhetorical devices that Imam Al- Sajjad (pbuh) uses in this verbal legacy ? How are the pragmatic and rhetorical devices are utilized to present the idea of reforming ? The study hypothesizes that Imam Al- Sajjad (pbuh) uses many pragmatic and rhetorical devices that contributed significantly to highlight the idea of reforming of all its kinds as a model of stupendous legitmate literature. Additionally ,the rhetoric devices are connected with the three rhetorical appeals: logos ,ethos , and pathos .The study is finalized with some conclusions that these pragmatic and rhetorical devices reflect sympathy , mercy ,and emotional involving through which Al-Imam (pbuh) conveys a reformist message that could be called a message of spirit and insight . It is worth to mention that any translation of Arabic texts within this paper is the researcher's humble effort except the experts.

Reflection of Explicitation in Scientific Translation: Neural Machine Translation vs. Human Post-Editing

The present paper reports on the findings of an empirical comparative study on the extent to which explicitation is employed in the translation of a scientific text as conducted by Google Neural Machine Translation (GNMT) vs its post-edited (PE) version. A recent report released in English by the World Meteorological Organization in September 2023 was selected as the source text for the present study. The purpose of the study is to reveal how domain-specific acronyms and technical terms are lexically expanded (explicitated) in a GNMT output compared to its post-edited (PE) version as performed by a team of professional translators at a translation service provider in Amman-Jordan. Explicitation in translation can be obligatory or optional. The type of explicitation investigated in the present study is optional, pragmatic explicitation. The results show that GNMT has its limitations in dealing with scientific terms and acronyms in translating scientific texts from English into Arabic. In contrast, human post-editing explicitated domain-specific terms and acronyms producing a text with a higher level of readability and naturalness for domain expert readers and non-expert readers.

ANALYSIS OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE’S TRANSLATION AND THE AUTHOR’S FROM ALBANIAN TO SERBIAN LANGUAGE

Literary translation, as one of the most complex forms of translation, requires a special approach and attention, given that it involves not only conveying meanings but also preserving the style of the original text. Although the translation of texts using various online tools is becoming increasingly common today, the question arises - are these tools advanced enough, and can they replace the translation done by human authors? As our corpus material, we used specific excerpts from the first chapter of Ismail Kadare’s novel ‘The Palace of Dreams,’ which we translated using Google Translate and compared with the Serbian translation of this novel by Shkëlzen Maliqi. The aim of the paper is to examine the reliability of machine translation, i.e. analysing the mistakes it makes, compared to the translation of competent and professional translators. The comparison process is based on different linguistic disciplines, and we have come to the conclusions that Google Translate has not yet improved enough to become the main tool in the translation of literary texts, where professional translators still play a key role. Of course, the question arises - whether it would perform better in translating other types of literary texts or in translating different language groups, considering its diverse corpus of literary texts in its memory?

The Quality of Google Translate and ChatGPT English to Arabic Translation The Case of Scientific Text Translation

The aim of the study is to investigate the quality of neural machine translation (NMT) and that of large language models (LLMs). The research team uses Google Translate and ChatGPT in the translation of various selected scientific texts. They provide an evaluation of the translation outputs. Both an error analysis and human evaluation are provided by professional annotators. The error analysis is provided based on the typology of errors introduced by Multidimensional Quality Metrics (MQM). A professional evaluation is also provided using a 7-point Likert scale. The professional annotators provide an evaluation on the document level. Both the evaluation and the number of errors show that Google Translate outperforms ChatGPT. However, the results indicate that both systems still require a lot of training. It is also suggested that annotated corpora need to be constructed. The study provides invaluable insights on the strength and weakness of the systems under study which will be beneficial for translators, researchers and developers of machine translations.

Intersemiotics of cinematic text in translation: cross-cultural aspect

Intersemiotics of cinematic text in translation: cross-cultural aspect

Linguistic markers of extraversion/introversion of a personality in the translation text: Setting a problem

Linguistic markers of extraversion/introversion of a personality in the translation text: Setting a problem

On Translation Pitfalls Based on Lefevere’s Theory of Translation Rewriting—Taking CATTI Level 1 Chinese-to-English Translation Texts as Examples

Based on Lefevere’s theory of translation rewriting, the latest CATTI Level 1 Chinese-to-English texts are taken as examples to gradually analyze the pitfalls that arise in translation process. A series of new thoughts and interpretations have been launched on the English translation of Chinese vocabulary and phrases, logic and sentence structure, and colloquial expressions. It is pointed out that translators should link theory with practice, get rid of the constraints of word collocation and structure of the original Chinese text, and find the most suitable solutions according to specific situations, so as to improve the quality of the target text continuously.

UKRAINIAN PHD STUDENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARD AI LANGUAGE PROCESSING TOOLS IN THE CONTEXT OF ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES

Mastering academic writing skills in English is essential for future researchers. At present, AI language processing tools provide high-quality, accessible, and fast assistance for translation, editing, and stylistic enhancement of scientific texts. However, their use within English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses generates mixed reactions among educators and raises ethical concerns. Our study aimed to explore the predominant perceptions of AI language processing tools by PhD students of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU) from the viewpoint of their integration into the academic English course taught in the first year of their PhD studies. The study involved 52 PhD students from various NASU institutes. They completed a survey with both closed-ended and open-ended questions regarding their previous and expected use of online translators, writing enhancement tools, and ChatGPT for research writing purposes. The results of the survey show that NASU PhD students have extensive experience with online translators, but are less familiar with writing enhancement tools and less certain about their potential use in the future. Almost a third of the respondents expressed reservations about using ChatGPT for academic writing due to academic integrity concerns. Most of the respondents (66%) agree that the basics of ethical use of AI writing and editing tools should be incorporated into EAP courses. One subgroup of the participants (n = 11) took part in a small-scale additional intervention focused on writing enhancement tools. They were asked to apply Grammarly, QuillBot, and ChatGPT to edit their course projects (presentations of the current state of their dissertation research) and compare these tools according to various criteria. The feedback provided by this subgroup indicates that they were most satisfied with the quality of editing provided by ChatGPT but found Grammarly and QuillBot easier to use and more suitable for superficial grammar checks. We found out that the AI tools helped participants achieve improvements primarily in such aspects as the use of articles, punctuation, use of prepositions, and elimination of redundancy. The study has significant pedagogical implications, promoting the wider use of AI tools in the context of teaching English for Academic Purposes and addressing appropriate teaching techniques and methods.

КӨРКӨМ КОТОРМОДО САНАРИПТИК ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛАРДЫ КОЛДОНУУ

In today's world, digital technologies play a key role in the field of translation, especially in a formal business context. However, their use in the translation of fiction remains less common. This article explores the possibilities of using digital methods in pre-translation activities and evaluates their effectiveness in the context of translating literary works. Special attention is paid to the issues of introducing digital technologies into the work of a translator of literary texts and their potential application in teaching. Using the example of the translation of Kyrgyz poetry, the problems arising from the use of digital means, including machine translation, are considered. This article offers an analysis of the possibilities and limitations of digital technologies in the context of translating literary texts in order to improve the quality and speed of translation. Digital technologies are actively being introduced into the work of a translator, especially in such areas as written translation in official business discourse. Digital technologies are used less often in the translation of fiction, but such techniques allow for pre-translation activities. In other words, it provides a literal translation of the text and helps to find the literal meaning of each word in the dictionary. However, some digital methods can be successfully used in the translation of literary works.

Three Faces of Heroism: An Empirical Study of Indirect Literary Translation Between Chinese-English-Portuguese of Wuxia Fiction

Abstract This paper conducts an empirical study using digital humanities to explore the indirect translation of Chinese contemporary literature, focusing on a Portuguese version of Jin Yong’s A Hero Born: The Legend of the Condor Heroes derived from its English translation. Employing BERTopic modeling, it quantifies thematic changes related to heroism in the translation process from Chinese through English to Portuguese. This study examines how Chinese concepts of heroism are adapted or rewritten in translation, exploring the notion of intermediate translations as “secondhand” and “distorted” from digital humanities perspective. By applying the zero-shot BERTopic model, the research allows for a quantitative comparative analysis of topic distribution across the original, intermediate, and final translation texts. The findings aim to enrich translation studies by demonstrating how Chinese cultural concepts are transformed and circulated through indirect translation, providing a data-driven insight into the global dissemination and reception of Wuxia literature.

Tinjauan Kedwibahasaan Buku Cerita Anak ‘The Foos’ dari Pandangan Metode Penerjemahan

Bilingual children's story books in Indonesian and English are now being published in Indonesia, providing them as reading options for mothers, caregivers, storytellers, and the children themselves. This study aims to analyze, identify, describe, and classify the forms of translation methods found in a bilingual children's storybook entitled 'The Foos' by Arleen Amidjaja, as well as to analyze the translation methods applied to determine the success in achieving equivalence of meaning in the target language (TL). This study uses a qualitative descriptive method and a documentation method. Employing text analysis, careful reading, and note taking techniques for research constitutes the stages of data collection. Text analysis uses Newmark's translation method theory with data sources from English texts as the source language text (SL) and Indonesian as the TL from the storybook 'The Foos.' The results of the analysis are presented in the form of a comparison of the two languages ​​, along with the results of identifying SL and TL text translation techniques. The interpretation of the identification results is then presented in the form of a descriptive presentation by considering the translation techniques of the identification results. The results of this study indicate that 12 translation method data are oriented to the SL, and eight are oriented to the TL. The translation techniques that are often used are semantic and communicative translation techniques. There are no faithful, adaptation, or idiomatic translation techniques because the children's storybook 'The Foos' does not have proverbial sentences or other foreign language terms. The SL uses simple sentence structures and vocabulary. The translation method that is oriented to the SL with semantic and communicative translation techniques is effective for translating children's storybooks, ensuring that readers understand the content of the stories.

From Transmitting Authority to Quiet Adaptation: Social Change and the Translation of Islamic Knowledge in Norway

Abstract This article explores the transmission of textual Islamic knowledge in Norway—a context in which Muslims form a religious minority—using a pioneering method: studying the translation of texts. Many Muslims in Norway either came from another country themselves or have progenitors who did. Important texts relating to Islam have mostly been available in languages other than Norwegian. This makes it possible to use translation as a lens for understanding how Islamic knowledge is transmitted. I identify two tendencies in the transmission of Islamic knowledge through translation. Translation often cements the status of established and canonized texts and authors. But translation activities also show an adaptation to norms in Norwegian society. Texts pertaining to politically charged issues have sometimes been avoided altogether, and the wording of charged sections has in some instances been subtly changed. I label this process quiet adaptation. Many of the translated texts espouse a normativity that is more palatable to Norwegian society at large, and which Muslims living in Norway can more easily identify with. I conclude by discussing how the study of translation can be used as a way to explore social change in Muslim and other diaspora groups in Europe.

“They will know and fear the law” – Emperor Yongzheng’s Preface in the Great Qing Code of 1740

Abstract The biography of the Yongzheng Emperor by Pei Huang (1974) bears the title “Autocracy at Work” and Mote (2010: 887) calls this Qing dynasty emperor a “secretive, awesome autocrat”. The translation and analysis of the Manchu text of Yongzheng’s sioi/preface to the Great Qing Code reveals the correctness of these statements about this emperor’s type of government. Embedded in statements of truthfulness to the original Chinese legal ideas and an extensive quote ascribed to the Zhou Li, dedications of benevolence of the emperors in their rulings and judgments of cases, filial piety towards the emperors before him and especially his father, Emperor Kangxi, lie obvious and also between the lines statements that the emperor had the last say in every matter of state. He was dedicated to the ruling of the empire, which made him initiate reform and revision of the imperial administration, obviously also including the legal system. This attitude led Yongzheng to prioritize the formal revision of the structure of the Qing legal system and the publication that would later be known as the Daiqing guruni fafuni bithe kooli, the 大清律例 (Da Qing Lüli) – the Great Qing Code (GQC), a continuation of Kangxi’s effort in this regard and completed under Qianlong in 1740. He mentions twice the expectation, that with an effective and just judiciary, and the people being educated in what the laws and regulations are, a betterment of social stability would ensue. In terms of autocracy, the emperor is here the entity which ultimately rules alone, but also bears the responsibility to maintain stability within society by judging, assessing, revising and promulgating what is legal. The upkeep of the cosmic order and hence the dynasty depended on it.

The "machine translation + post-machine translation editing" model on the YiCAT platform: using the example of the discipline "Stylistic post-machine text editing" for first-year graduate students of the Higher School of Translation of Moscow State University

In this article, the author analyzes the process of machine translation and post-machine editing by Chinese students in classes on the discipline "Stylistic post-machine text editing" using the YiCAT translation platform, which uses a model of combining machine translation and post-machine editing in order to organize the educational process and allocate study time. In 2017, the Russian government approved the "Digital Economy Plan of the Russian Federation", as a result of which the digitalization process gradually penetrated into all scientific spheres. The author of the article concludes that Russian universities should pay more attention to teaching machine translation and post-machine translation editing. In addition, the article presents the idea that the translation departments of modern universities should focus on the introduction and application of translation technologies and the latest translation tools in the framework of teaching translation skills. There are only a few hundred articles in Russia dealing with the specifics of machine translation. Most of them are devoted to the study of existing limitations, development opportunities and ways to improve machine translation systems. At the same time, there are extremely few articles dealing with the features of post-machine editing of the translation text. The number of such articles does not exceed several dozen. Thus, there are many challenges in the field of post-machine translation editing research that should be addressed as soon as possible so that the field of post-machine translation editing can correspond to the era of artificial intelligence. At the same time, Russian universities should pay attention to the teaching of disciplines involving machine translation tools and post-machine editing skills. Large translation faculties should actively use translation technologies and machine translation tools in the classroom, add new academic disciplines implying the familiarization and application of such technologies and tools by students, as well as integrate such disciplines into the framework of existing training programs for specialists in the field of translation. All this will allow universities to form a reliable basis for the education of modern and qualified specialists who meet the requirements of the new era.

Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Living Organisms, Soil, and Health Risk Assessment: A Systematic Review of Mining Sites in the Philippines

Despite the known presence of heavy metals around mining sites, a critical gap exists in understanding how these metals accumulate in living organisms and soil. This lack of knowledge hinders effective management and poses potential health risks to surrounding ecosystems, including humans. This review included articles published between 2014 and 2024 that focused on bioaccumulation of heavy metals in living organisms, soil contamination at mining sites, and health risks associated with mining exposure. Articles were selected based on originality, full-text availability, and English language. Excluded were case studies, reviews without data, or articles lacking full text or English translation. All relevant studies were systematically selected from Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Elsevier, Springer, and Academia.edu to identify relevant research exploring the impacts of mining activities on local biota. The review identified a total of 25 studies. We were able to use 15 of these studies for a more in-depth quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis of all 10 studies revealed that Arsenic, Copper, Nickel, Mercury, Chromium, Lead, and Zinc are the most frequently observed heavy metals impacting humans near mining sites. Among the identified heavy metals, Mercury and Arsenic stand out as posing the greatest health risk such as skin allergies, respiratory problems and various types of cancer. Their high toxicity and ability to bioaccumulate in the food chain are particularly concerning. Bioaccumulation means these metals become more concentrated at each level of the food web, posing a significant threat to top predators like humans. Specific species demonstrate significant metal accumulation, underscoring the toxicological risks associated with heavy metal bioaccumulation and the need for environmental intervention and monitoring to protect both organisms and ecosystems. Through this systematic review, the researchers aim to shed light on bioaccumulation patterns of heavy metals around mining sites. These findings will be crucial for developing better strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and protect the health of surrounding ecosystems.

Language-attached Transfer Restrictions in Neural Machine Translation: An Analysis of Tao Te Ching

This study focuses on the language-attached transfer restrictions in Chinese to English neural machine translation (NMT) of Tao Te Ching, an ancient Chinese philosophical text, which aims to identify and analyze the specific challenges and limitations encountered by NMT systems when translating linguistic features that are unique to the source language and how these challenges impact the accuracy and quality of the translated text in English. It contributes to the understanding of the complexities involved in machine translation of ancient Chinese texts and proposes strategies to mitigate the identified transfer restrictions, ultimately aiming to bridge the gap between machine translation capabilities and the richness of Chinese philosophical literature.

Of comets and cosmology in Antonino Saliba's Nuova Figura di tutte le cose of 1582

ABSTRACT Antonino Saliba, a sixteenth century cartographer hailing from the Maltese island of Gozo, published a map in 1582 espousing his cosmology. Its popularity at the time is attested via the multiple editions and copies that were produced in Europe. Numerous sky phenomena, amongst them comets, are portrayed in the map. This study presents a detailed analysis of Saliba's treatment of these phenomena, following the first comprehensive translation of the map's text to English. It elucidates the sources that Saliba used, clarifying and shedding further light on the views he held. Where possible, the comets mentioned by Saliba are identified and explained. Besides showing how Saliba wholly conformed to the Aristotelian and Ptolemaic representation of the world, in which respect he was quite orthodox, it is also shown for the first time that his work is significantly derived from previous and contemporary sources.

SEMANTIC PORTRAIT OF WAINAMOINEN IN ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF “KALEVALA”

The article presents a comparative analysis of the semantic portraits of the singer and the cultural hero Wainamoinen in two English translations of the epic “Kalevala” made by William Forsell Kirby and John Martin Crawford. Following a certain algorithm, the different-structured nominations of the hero are classified and subjected to component analysis, through which an inventory of semes and semes’ specifiers is fixed, which allows to identify isomorphic and allomorphic characteristics in the portraits of the hero. The study shows that the dominant position in the semantic portrait of Wainamoinen is occupied by the so-called song space of the hero, since singing is the main activity of Wainamoinen by means of which he influences the surrounding world. The semantic portrait of Wainamoinen is a four-level structure, including nominations (1) characterizing him as a singer, (2) characterizing his singing, (3) characterizing the process of his singing and (4) characterizing functions of his singing. The study also demonstrates an importance of nominations which have the structure of a sentence and super-phrasal unity. They allow to fix additional semes in lexical nominations. The article concludes that the semantic allomorphs of Wainamoinen’s portrait characteristics are determined by both linguistic aspects (the choice of the source text for translation: original text in the Finnish language and the interlinear translation in German) and extralinguistic aspects: differences between British and American lingua cultures and personal preferences of each translator.