Territorial Organization Research Articles

Experience in Carrying Out Project Activities for the Territorial Organization of Land Use of LLC "Rus" of the Semiluksky District of the Voronezh Region

Agricultural production on the territory of LLC "Rus" of the Semiluksky district of the Voronezh region was carried out without taking into account the factor of soil erosion, which led to gradual degradation of land and an increase in the area of arable land, characterized by a strong soil washout of more than 50% of the arable land. The analysis of the agricultural production of the enterprise, natural and climatic factors, soil conditions, as well as the conducted erosion assessment of arable land showed that the land use area is in urgent need of a complex of land management measures aimed at combating erosion. To create favorable conditions for agricultural production, we have de-veloped a set of land management measures for territorial organization, taking into account the man-ifestation of soil erosion. The planned planned measures create a solid foundation for sustainable agriculture, taking into account the factor of soil erosion. . Organization and arrangement of the territory on the anti-erosion principle will prevent the negative impact of erosion processes, improve the agroecological situation on the territory of the enterprise, increase the environmental sustainability of the territory.

Організаційно-економічне забезпечення розвитку міських парків на засадах сталості

City parks have a high demand from visitors, and limited areas to meet all needs. Despite the fact that modern cities are the most acceptable form of human coexistence, in most cases their environment and lifestyle are not natural for humans. Therefore, green spaces remain desirable centers of nature, and we can see especially extraordinary attention to their arrangement in megacities. The more the urban environment contrasts with the natural, the more meaningful parks are for city dwellers. Therefore, awareness of the role of green spaces in achieving sustainable development of cities becomes relevant. The article offers the author's vision of achieving sustainable development of cities through the organization of city parks. The practical significance of the article lies in the proposal of implementation of tasks related to the development of city parks at different levels of territorial organization, which allows to comprehensively solve the task of sustainable development of cities.

Territorial Organization of Medical Care for the Rural Population on the Example of Russia

This article discusses the features of the territorial organization of medical services for the rural population of Russia, taking into account the development of new technologies and the use of these services during the period of the Covid 19 coronovirus infection pandemic. The foreign experience of some countries in the provision of medical services to rural residents at the present stage is analyzed. In particular, what measures are being taken in different countries to improve the provision of primary health care to the rural population, including how telemedicine is used in different regions of the world for this and historical, social-economic and natural factors of the territorial differences in medical care for the rural population in Russia. Among the socio-economic factors, special attention is paid to regional differences in the system of population resettlement, population density, and the level of economic development of the regions. The authors also present regional differences in the development of telemedicine in rural areas of Russia.

Ressignificando o papel da Atenção Primária como porta de entrada para oferta do serviço e organização do território

The process of building Primary Care works on the organization of services and territory to provide more equitable care. The study aims to evaluate the evidence available in the literature about the importance of primary care as a gateway, community understanding of how the service is inserted into the territory, facilitating users' perception of the care levels of complexity. This is an integrative literature review with published papers discussing the role of primary care in the health care network. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed for filtering based on the keywords, and three categories were created for the discussion of the results. The categories bring the published discussions about the challenges of primary care in the territory, about approaches to the organization of health services and their care networks, and the users’ perception regarding the role of Primary Health CAre and the complexity of services provided

Identification of the sharing contribution of the power supply system power sources to the electricity losses and their cost

THE PURPOSE. Consider the problems of estimating the cost of services for the transmission of electricity through the electric networks of territorial grid organizations (TGOs), including large industrial enterprises with the status of TGOs and their own generation. Develop a methodology for calculating the cost of electricity losses in the elements of the power supply system of such enterprises, taking into account the technical and economic characteristics of the sources. Develop a methodology for determining the share contribution of individual sources and consumers to electricity losses and their cost. Calculate the cost of electricity losses and the structure of the contribution to it of power sources of an industrial TGO enterprise and draw conclusions. METHODS. When solving the tasks set, methods for calculating steady-state modes of power supply systems were used. RESULTS. The article describes the relevance of the topic, created calculation methods, in the conditions of a large industrial power center, the system of payment by sub-subscribers of an industrial enterprise for services for the transmission of electricity and its relationship with the flow distribution is considered. The structure of the contribution of power sources to the losses of electricity in the power supply system is analyzed. An approach has been formulated to adjust the individual tariff for the purchase of electricity losses, taking into account the placement of power sources in the power supply system. Recommendations are given to reduce the degree of undercompensation of the cost of electricity transmission services by third-party consumers. It is proposed to use for these purposes the norms of technological losses of electricity (NTLE), determined by the cost of losses. CONCLUSION. Under the current regulatory framework, it is in the interests of TGO enterprises to distribute sub-subscribers in the scheme in such a way that their actual NTLE, determined taking into account the targeting of losses, does not exceed the calculated NTLE. In this case, there is no transfer of the cost of losses from sub-subscribers to the own consumption of the TGO enterprise. At the same time, sub-subscribers do not incur additional costs, since they pay off with the guaranteeing supplier at the boiler tariff. NTLE for these purposes must be determined by the cost of losses, taking into account the characteristics of the sources. The share of payment for losses in the networks of an TGO enterprise, which goes to its own consumption and is not compensated by sub-subscribers, is reduced. Consequently, the amount of costs for electricity and their share in the cost of finished products of the TGO enterprise is reduced.

Assessment of Natural Moisture Availability of Turkestan Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan

To increase the level of management efficiency in the agricultural sector of the economy, it is necessary to ensure the implementation of the sustainable environmental management principles, taking into account the spatial patterns of climate change and bioclimatic potential of the territory. The assessment of natural moisture availability of the natural areas of the Turkestan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 1941-2020 (by providing a comparative analysis of indicators for 1941-1960 and 2001-2020) was conducted based on the use of the natural moisture coefficient and hydrothermal index or "dryness index" predicated on energy resources (total of biologically active air temperatures above 10°С, photosynthetically active radiation, evaporating capacity and water consumption of agricultural land). The conducted survey has used the proven domestic, international and proprietary methods according to estimates of natural water availability in the natural areas. The results of a comparative analysis of climatic indices changes in the natural areas of the Turkestan region (by sixteen weather bureau stations) for 1941 to 2020 have shown that there is an increase in average annual air temperatures in all natural areas, and the annual precipitation tends downward which affects the formation of energy resources and natural water supply. The identified features of changes in the natural moisture coefficient and hydrothermal index or "dryness index" in natural area of Turkestan region, make it possible to adjust the spread of its boundaries and consider these changes in the territorial organization of agricultural nature management.

What is to be Done? How Radical Leftists Help to Solve the Problem of Personalist Party-Building in Latin America

Political leaders around the world increasingly rely on personalist parties to win elections and govern. While existing scholarship assumes that personalist parties do not build territorial organization, in fact they vary substantially in terms of organizational strength. In this paper, we move beyond existing structural explanations of party-building and focus on the role of party elites’ preferences to explain the source of this variation. Through a mixed-method approach combining process-tracing of the case studies of Venezuela’s MVR/PSUV and Ecuador’s Alianza PAIS and statistical analysis of Latin American parties, we find that party elites’ past political experiences shape whether personalist parties successfully invest in party organization. Party officials who were socialized in radical-left parties are more likely to advocate for party-building and their presence within party cadres is associated with stronger party organization.

Reconstructing past migratory behaviour of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus): Insights from geometric morphometric analysis of proximal phalanx morphology from extant caribou populations.

Reindeer mobility patterns vary widely in modern ecosystems, notably between more open or more wooded environments. This renders the reconstruction of past reindeer mobility patterns challenging, while being at the same time key if archaeologists want to better understand the role that reindeer herds played in the subsistence and territorial organisation of Prehistoric hunter-gatherer societies. Studying the morphology associated with different habitats and mobility patterns can be a useful method for understanding past reindeer behaviour. To access paleoecological information, the relationship between locomotor anatomy and substrate type can be explored in modern animals and transposed to the past, as previous studies have proven that an animal´s environment affects bone morphology. In this study, 3D Geometric Morphometrics are used to explore the impact of extant reindeer habitat type and mobility pattern on phalanx morphology. Results obtained reflects on the potential archaeological application of such an approach for paleoecological reconstructions. Size and shape of phalanx vary significantly, yet complex to interpret in light of interplaying factors such as subspecies, sexual dimorphism and the influence of migration costs, snow cover and substrate type. If direct application to the archaeological record remains preliminary, this first study permits to highlight promising avenues for future research.

ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА КАРТОФЕЛЯИ ОВОЩЕЙ В СТРАНЕ

The territorial-sectoral division of labor in the agro-industrial complex and agriculture, in particu-lar, consists in the features that are unique to them, the patterns of development and placement of sub-sectors, the dependence on changes in the economic conditions of production, the level of state support for production processes. The list of factors influencing the territorial and sectoral division of labor includes natural conditions, zoning of production, the level of food consumption by region and its structure. The spatial organization of agriculture also depends on the distance over which food is transported, that is, from places of production to places of consumption. These factors have a direct impact on the formation of zones of specialization of certain types of agricultural products. When developing specialized zones, one should take into account the existing placement, the level of specialization and concentration of production, positive and negative indicators characterizing the territorial organization of the functioning of the industry and the production of certain types of agricultural products. An important indicator in the formation and development of specialized production zones is the country's need for a specific type of domestic food products. Changes in the spatial organization of the country's agriculture should be carried out taking into account the development of interregional exchange, payment demand, the situation in the internal and external markets for food and agro-industrial complex products, and possible changes in the regional spe-cialization of agricultural production. It should be noted that the advantage of the rational spatial organization of agriculture is still insufficiently used in the country. In some farms, it is spontane-ous and uncontrollable. At present, the importance of spatial development is increasing, since it is the least expensive and most accessible factor in increasing the production of competitive prod-ucts. Improving the spatial development of the production of potatoes and vegetables makes it pos-sible to ensure their rational management in each region of the country, to reduce the total costs of production and transportation of products.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF STRATEGIC PLANNING OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

The article reveals the main content of strategic planning of socio­economic development of territorial communities as an important tool for improving the quality of life of the population. It was revealed that the concept of «strategic planning of socio­economic development of territorial communities» can acquire different meanings, on the one hand as a process of sequential implementation of interconnected stages with the aim of achieving a predetermined socio­economic effect, on the other hand as a set of decisions taken by territorial bodies within the framework of defined strategies. It was found that the socio­economic development of territorial communities is a priority in the totality of state interests, as it contributes to various aspects of the country’s life. It was revealed that the reform of the territorial organization of power in 2020 was marked by the creation of 1,470 capable territorial communities in which positive processes of governance restructuring were developing, but the full­scale war significantly corrected them, directing them in the direction of security and survival. The destruction of infrastructure, the closure of a significant number of enterprises, and the forced migration of the population became a test of the capacity and stability of communities. The relevance of the development of programs for the recovery of the local economy in war conditions and community development programs in the post­war period is substantiated. In order to ensure the successful implementation of community development strategies, it is proposed to take into account international experience, the best domestic practices of territorial development, and to use such a tool as grant opportunities in the field of restoration and development of territorial communities. , which includes taking into account the needs and interests of the population, efficient use of resources, coordination between different levels of government and stakeholders.

Constitutional and legal problems of the development of parliamentarism in Ukraine in the context of decentralization and territorial governance reform

Constitutional and legal problems of the development of parliamentarism in Ukraine in the context of decentralization and territorial governance reform

To the question of the need to strengthen the role of municipal administration in the realization of spatial potential of small enterprises

The sector of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) traditionally refers to potential points of innovative growth that can play a key role in the modernization of the national economy. The current transition to spatial research has led to the study of new aspects. The publication reveals the features of the implementation of the spatial potential of small and medium-sized enterprises in terms of resource capabilities and the quality of public administration at the regional and municipal level. This aspect is relevant in view of the upcoming reform of local self-government, which implies significant qualitative changes in the management system. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to strengthen the role of municipal management in the spatial development of small enterprises as a result of the planned reform of local selfgovernment. The paper presents the updated author's structuring of the economic space on the basis of existing documents of a strategic nature. The main directions of regulating the spatial development of SMEs are analyzed on the example of the Samara region (allocation of priority regions and territories, development of depressed territories, development of non-agglomeration territories, cluster interaction), as well as gaps in regulation and support at the municipal level are identified. An updated list of strategic documents on the development of small enterprises operating in the Samara region has been compiled. The spatial and territorial organization of small enterprises is reflected in the documents of the Samara region. Legislative innovations are aimed at more active involvement of the municipal level of public authorities in the development of the local economic space. The proposed powers of the public authority at the municipal level include its own, redistributed and voluntary. However, the issues of resource provision of the powers proposed for implementation come first. Based on the results of the work, a number of additions to the draft law On the general principles of the organization of local self-government in a unified system of public authority concerning the municipal level of regulation and support of SME activities have been substantiated. By way of discussion, the article assesses the possible impact of the main innovations proposed in the draft law on the activities of SMEs.

The organisation of paediatric hospital-at-home care: a multi-country comparative study

PurposeMany countries have developed hospital-at-home (HAH) models to bring hospital services closer to home. Although some countries already have a long tradition of HAH for adults, paediatric HAH has been developed more recently. Specificities of paediatric care make it difficult to directly extend an adult HAH model to the paediatric population. The objective of this study is to compare the organisation of paediatric HAH in four countries: France, Australia (states of Victoria and New South Wales), the Netherlands and Belgium. Ultimately, lessons can be drawn for further development in the countries analysed and/or for implementation in other countries.Design/methodology/approachLegal documents and other grey literature were analysed to describe the legal context for the provision of paediatric HAH in the selected countries. In addition, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants from paediatric HAH organisations in these countries, addressing the following topics: historical background, legal framework, functioning of HAH models, workforce, number of services, profile of children, type of care activities, funding, coordination with other providers and quality of care. Results were reviewed by a content expert from the respective country.FindingsOrganisational differences were highlighted in terms of coordinating actor (hospital or home nursing care services), decision-making process, range of clinical conditions treated, territorial organisation, qualifications and expertise of the team members, medical expertise, financing, responsibilities, etc.Originality/valueThere is no single preferred model for the provision of HAH care for children. There is a large variety in almost all aspects of organisation. There are, however, also some common characteristics across the different models. Notably, paediatric expertise of nurses within the HAH team was considered indispensable in all programmes.

Reconversion of Agri-Food Production Systems and Deagrarianization in Spain: The Case of Cantabria

The term deagrarianization refers to the dwindling importance of agrarian activity as the economic and social basis of a rural area. Deagrarianization is reflected in the declining number of people engaged in agricultural production and a reduction in the relative importance of agricultural incomes. In addition to the economic consequences, deagrarianization also erodes the importance of the rural population in territorial organization and management and social functioning in rural areas. However, it is also true that the simultaneous shift towards the service economy in present-day rural economies and societies has not led to the disappearance of the rural space but, instead, given rise to new and multiple forms of rurality. The priority objective of the research on which this paper is based is to gain insight into the rural deagrarianization processes in Spain through the specific case of Cantabria. In order to analyze these dynamics, a series of basic indicators have been used. In order of importance, the main indicators employed were those related to the recent dynamics of agriculture, livestock, and forestry activity and the occupational structure of the population as regards its sectoral distribution, with particular attention being paid to the relative importance of livestock and forestry activities in relation to the direct exploitation of territorial resources. In the past, primary sector activities were very important in Cantabria, but their importance has steadily declined in both absolute and relative terms until reaching the current situation. In 2023, only 4579 people have been employed in agriculture out of a total of 214,574 active people (2.13%). It is very significant that between 2012 and 2021, the total number of employed people increased by 9.08% in Cantabria while the proportion of people employed in agricultural activities decreased by −12.90%. Farming is no longer the rural occupation par excellence; however, it continues to be important in most Cantabrian rural municipalities. The territorial distribution is even more revealing. Southern mountain municipalities can be considered the last stronghold of agricultural activity since, in most cases, more than a quarter of their active population is employed in this sector. These are also the rural areas with the highest levels of depopulation. In contrast, other activity sectors have also gained importance in rural areas, although not in the same way. In general, there is less service economy employment in inland rural municipalities, except in those that are county capitals offering services. Some rural, peri-urban, and coastal areas where tourism is more strongly developed also reach high values.

STRUCTURE OF THE NATURE-ORIENTED RECREATION SYSTEM OF THE NORTHERN URALS

The article discusses the nature-oriented recreational system (NRS) of the Northern Urals, which is necessary for the adequate development and regulation of tourism processes in this area. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to study the structure of the NRS of the Northern Urals, for which it is necessary: to study the composition of the NRS, to determine the manifestation of its development without transformation into a TRS, to find out the ratio of uninhabited areas (UA) and tourist areas and to study the territorial organization of nature-oriented tourism in the Northern Urals. The NRS of the Northern Urals consists of 4 tourist areas: Konzhakovsky, Kvarkushsky, Vishera and Manpupunersky and 5 UA, which are mainly visited by tourists living in the regions in which these areas are located, or from which tourist routes begin. Supervisory authorities consist of administrations of various levels, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the search and rescue service, the route qualification commission and insurance companies, but they are not directly present on the territory of the UA, but are located in regional and district centers closest to the UA. The following types of tourist infrastructure are presented on the territory of the UA in the Northern Urals: tourist bases, cordons of reserves, and several huts of fishermen. All four subsystems are present in the NRS of the Northern Urals, except for the UA surrounding Mount Telposiz. It is attractive, frequented by tourists and is developing without being transformed into a TRS.

SWOT analysis of national nature parks

In Ukraine 56 national nature parks (NNP) have been created, which are powerful centers for the preservation of natural complexes, recreation, conducting scientific nature conservation research and ecological educational work. The work of the NPP is regulated by the park territory organization project. It is based on a 10-year development strategy of the environmental protection institution. A comprehensive analysis of the organization’s work is the basis for developing a strategy for its development. Today, various tools are used to conduct such an analysis, including SWOT analysis. We have proposed approaches to conducting such an analysis in national natural parks. The factors affecting the formation of the strengths and weaknesses of the NNP work, its opportunities for development and threats have been determined. It is proposed to conduct a SWOT/TOWS analysis of the work of national nature parks in order to determine the strategic goals of the nature protection institution. For this, it is proposed to consider the interrelationships of factors in the sectors of comparative advantages, challenges and risks. Based on the proposed approach, an analysis of the work of the Nobel National Natural Park was carried out, which made it possible to determine the park’s development prospects.

Interaction of municipal authority with local state administrations problem issues

The article is devoted to issues of interaction between municipal authorities and local state administrations, as they are relevant in view of the European integration progress of modern Ukraine.The work draws attention to the fact that the reform of local self-government and territorial organization of power brought a number of positive changes to this sphere, but did not eliminate all problematic issues, in particular, in the area of interaction of local authorities.
 In the course of the study, it was established that such relationships are necessary for the proper implementation of the tasks of the municipal authorities, which are mediated by the needs of the local population.The analysis of the regulatory material revealed that local state administrations in the relevant territory ensure interaction with local self-government bodies – this is one of their main tasks. Such relations can be based on the principles of cooperation. They are formed within the municipal formations of the basic level with the aim of solving the issues of economic, social and cultural development of the respective territories, strengthening the material and financial basis of local self-government. Attention is drawn to the fact that the concept of “interaction of municipal authorities with local state administrations” has not yet been legalized, there are no clarifications regarding such interaction, as well as undefined areas or issues for the resolution of which it takes place. It has been established that local self-government bodies are endowed with a fairly wide range of powers (self-governing and delegated) in various areas, in which the powers of local state administrations are also exercised. This situation requires an optimal distribution of powers between these local authorities.It was found that the current legislation in this area does not meet the parameters of the Concept of reforming local self-government and territorial organization of power in Ukraine, which delimits the powers of local self-government bodies at the basic level (villages, towns, cities), district and regional levels, as well as structural subdivisions territorial bodies of central executive bodies at the basic level. The problem of interaction within the delegated powers of local self-government bodies is the lack of an appropriate mechanism for ensuring their implementation. It is emphasized that the decentralization processes and the mechanism of delegation should be based on the principle of subsidiarity, and the interaction of municipal authorities and local administrations should be based on the wide use of contractual relations to implement the needs of the local population.

Green space and planning structure optimisation ways in parks and monuments of landscape architecture

Renovation of urban space is not possible without new approaches to the formation of green spaces of the landscape gardening heritage. In restoring parks-monuments of landscape art, simultaneous consideration of ecological and biological foundations, preservation of the historical structure of plantations and landscape planning framework, as well as meeting the modern needs of users of these spaces is an important issue. The research aims to formulate practical recommendations on the main ways to optimise the planning structure and green spaces, as well as means of protecting biodiversity in parks and monuments of landscape art. The study used general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, field research) and special methods (dendrological, cartographic, historical, and architectural analysis, and computer methods for processing graphic data). During the pre-project stage of the study, the prerequisites for the formation of Zhovtnevyi Park in the structure of the Chernivtsi landscape were identified. A list and description of typical plant species typical for the area were provided. In addition, the pre-project study analysed conflicts in the park, which were divided into the following main groups: transport and pedestrian, functional, natural, anthropogenic, and visual. The interconnection of different types of conflicts and their impact on the conservation of biodiversity of green spaces in the park was revealed. As a result, new elements of the planning structure have been formed that improve the landscape-spatial organisation of the park's territory and contribute to the optimisation of green spaces. The project developed and analysed in this study has selected an assortment of plants that enrich the biodiversity of park plantings and can be used in the design of other urban parks. The example of the project for the maintenance and reconstruction of Zhovtnevyi Park in Chernivtsi demonstrates practical planning approaches and recommendations aimed at maximising the preservation of the natural landscape and enhancing its functional and artistic features

Dealing with Death in a Secular Society: The Case of Muslim Burials in Spain

Death is not only a universal biological fact; for the individual it is the “event horizon”. This fact has important symbolic meanings and complex social consequences. Any society, secular or not, must manage this reality. What response is given to the question of religious phenomenon in general, and to funerary practices in particular, in a secular society in which individuals with different religious sensibilities coexist? This article aims to analyse the response given by the Spanish state to the questions raised regarding burials by Muslim communities, the most widespread minority group in Spain as a whole. This response, which would be framed within what could be called a ‘cooperation model’, has encountered some difficulties as a result of the territorial organisation of the Spanish state. Despite this, the willingness to cooperate on the part of both the administrations that make up the state and the Islamic communities has made a situation of stable coexistence possible.

Planning as an instrument for protecting the Guarani Aquifer, municipality of Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil

The Municipal Master Plan and its complementary Legislation have the function of determining rules for conducting the urban development of a city, so that the impacts of anthropic activities on the natural environment are minimized and the social function of the property is guaranteed. This research aimed to analyze the advances and setbacks of urban legislation in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil, with regard to the protection of the recharge area of the Guarani Aquifer. To this end, the initial versions and respective revisions of the Municipal Master Plan (Municipal Complementary Laws nos. 501/1995, 1,573/2003 and 2,866/2018) and of the Land Subdivision, Use and Occupation Law (Municipal Complementary Law no. 2,157/ 2007 and Complementary Municipal Law Project nº 11/2022), with emphasis on the analysis of the update of the territorial organization criteria for this area. Restrictions were added to the territorial organization in the last version of the Municipal Master Plan, however, retrogressions were observed in the urbanistic requirements in the revision of the Law of Subdivision, Use and Land Occupation in relation to the protection of the recharge area of the Guarani Aquifer.