Students In Teaching Process Research Articles

ПРОБЛЕМА МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЙ ГОТОВНОСТИ УЧИТЕЛЯ ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА К ОБУЧЕНИЮ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ ИНКЛЮЗИВНЫХ ПРАКТИК

The article presents one of the most important problems of modern professional and methodo-logical preparation namely training of a future teacher to teach the language and culture to schoolchildren with special educational needs. The structure of the teacher’s methodological readiness to interact with atypical schoolchildren is revealed. The article points out the place of inclusive education in the system of foreign language education. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the methodological readiness of the teacher contains specialized skills, which are a set of practical educational actions based on the awareness of the goal of communicative approach in teaching language and culture, patterns, particular methodological principles of organizing a lesson, conditions, means, forms and methods of organizing the stages of familiarization, training and introduction of language material into speech activity, taking into account the characteristics of an atypical student. The article highlights the methodological tasks that the teacher solves during a foreign language lesson, the essential characteristic of the personality of a foreign language teacher as a key subject in an inclusive educational field. The authors make a conclusion that the specialized skills are based on a system of certain linguistic and linguodidactic knowledge that a teacher needs to master in order to carry out their professional activities. Based on the established methodological readiness, a foreign language teacher is able to design an educational process for students with impaired and normal development in conditions of inclusion, its didactic content; use various methods of pedagogical interaction between all subjects of the correctional and educational process; organize joint and individual activities with children with various types of impaired development; the ability to determine the needs and capabilities of each child in the educational program and strategies for accompanying him.

ADAPTATION OF HUMANITIES STUDENTS TO DISTANCE LEARNING AS A PROBLEM OF MODERN PEDAGOGY IN A PANDEMIC CONDITION

The article analyzes the problems of adaptation of humanities students to distance learning in a pandemic. The main elements, advantages and disadvantages of distance education are considered and analyzed, as well as the prospects of its development in modern Ukraine are forecasted. Based on the theoretical analysis of the study, it is proved that the effectiveness of distance learning increases with the use of the latest information and communication technologies (ICT), educational services and distance learning platforms that use free learning in a pandemic COVID 19: ED-ERA, MOODLE, PADLET, MY CLASS, CLASSTIME , EQUITY MAPS, GOOGLE CLASSROOM, GOOGLE SITES, GOOGLE FORMS. Application of webinars, video clips, audio scripts, forums, charts, ICQ, Skype, online testing, online tutorials and boards. Based on the study of the problems of adaptation of humanities students to the conditions of distance learning, we conducted a study on the educational platform Google Classroom using Blank Quiz. The sample consisted of 182 first- and fourth-year students of the Faculty of Linguistics and Social Communications of the National Aviation University, specialties 029 "Information, Library and Archival Affairs", 035 "Philology", 052 "Political Science", 053 "Psychology", 054 "Sociology", 231 Social work". The results of the study showed that most students during distance learning have mastered the skills of independent work, improved their level of knowledge. The biggest problem that arose in this issue - the lack of live communication with teachers, classmates and work in the university audience. Instead, mobility and accessibility were positively noted. The potential and efficiency of remote technologies is highly rated by respondents. The ways of successful adaptation of students of humanitarian specialties to the conditions of distance learning are determined: carrying out of the actions promoting interactive participation of students in educational process and extracurricular activities; students' work should be well planned, it helps to create a favorable social environment; high self-organization of students, which increases the creative and intellectual potential; aspiration and motivation to acquire knowledge; ability to interact with computer equipment, mastering the latest information technologies; readiness of pedagogical staff to organize online learning.

UPAYA PENINGKATAN MINAT BACA MATERI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MELALUI PROGRAM LITERASI SEKOLAH DI SMP UNGGULAN USWATUN HASANAH CILEGON

Efforts to increase interest in reading Islamic religious education materials through school literacy programs are very important for an educational process of students in the current era of globalization. With the interest in reading students can broaden broad knowledge, such as general knowledge, religion and others and with reading interest activities can also be carried out together with the school literacy program.This process can also foster students' character with reading activities because of the tendency of students towards these activities. The method used is descriptive qualitative method, research This uses purposive sampling, research steps with data collection techniques with interviews. The conclusion obtained in this study is based on the results of the author's research on "Efforts to Increase Interest in Reading Islamic Education Materials" that, Based on this it can be seen the level of interest in reading Islamic religious education materials through the school literacy program at Uswatun Hasanah SMPU greatly increased by performing stages as well as the steps and efforts of teachers in fostering a fondness for reading students at school so that the formation of attitudes that can instill confidence to read critically and be ready to face future challenges.

Модель формування деонтологічної готовності майбутніх фахівців з фізичної терапії, ерготерапії до здійснення професійної діяльності

In the course of terminological analysis, the content of the concepts "modeling" and "model" was substantiated, the author's model of formation of deontological readiness of future physical and occupational therapists for professional activity was theoretically substantiated and developed, aimed at improving the quality of professional training in the formation of deontological behavior. Material and methods: theoretical analysis and systematization of scientific data of modern domestic psychological-pedagogical, methodical and specially-profiled literature for studying the relevance and state of development of the outlined problem; structural analysis to determine the structure of deontological readiness with its constituent components; modeling method for the development of a model for the formation of deontological readiness of future bachelors in physical therapy, occupational therapy to carry out professional activities. Results and discussion. The model includes target (purpose and tasks), content-technological (methodological approaches, pedagogical conditions, principles, stages of formation, forms, methods and means of organizing students' learning activities), diagnostic (criteria, indicators and levels of formation) and effective (deontological readiness), which are aimed at optimizing the educational process of students. The purpose of the developed model is to form deontological readiness of future physical and occupational therapists for professional activity. The tasks included: increasing the motivation of physical and occupational therapists to educational activities in general and mastering the theoretical basis of deontological knowledge in particular, as well as the orientation of interests and needs to form a deontological position in relation to the subjects of professional activity; formation of a holistic system of deontological knowledge necessary for the implementation of appropriate professional conduct in professional activities; development of professionally significant individual qualities and formation of professional orientation of personality; development of skills and formation of experience in building deontological relations in the process of professional interaction. Theoretical and methodological basis were: systemic, axiological, personal, deontological and competency approaches; general didactic (clarity, systematicity and consistency, accessibility, feasibility, activity and consciousness, science-based, individualization, collectivity, problems, developmental learning) and specific (principle of social conditionality, principle of humanization, principle of strength of knowledge acquisition, principle of practical orientation of learning, and situation-based) principles. Criteria (motivational, theoretical, personal, praxiological) and indicators were determined in accordance with the structural components of deontological readiness. Conclusion. The practical implementation of the developed model for the formation of their deontological readiness will increase the level of professional competence of these specialists

Efficiency of eLearning Educational Process in the Course of Electronic Services in Banking

Novel technologies enabled the provision of banking services through an electronic environment and the process of fast evolution of electronic banking continues. The educational process of students in the fields of finance and banking should respond to these rapid changes. This article aims to briefly introduce the course of Electronic Services in Banking and outline the possibilities of measuring the efficiency of the education process in the course. The course itself is based on eLearning methods and uses information and communication technologies to allow students to gain theoretical and practical experience with electronic services related to the field of banking. The course also focuses on the security and safe usage of electronic services in banking. The efficiency of learning in the course was measured by comparing the results of pre-course and post-course tests using absolute gain, relative gain, and class average normalized gain over four years' period. The effectiveness of the course was detected in all observed years. Surveys before and after the course were conducted to support the investigation of learning efficiency with results demonstrating positive improvements in participants' knowledge, skills, and acceptance of electronic services in banking. Also, the course attendees' feedback on the course was gathered indicating their highly positive perception of the course. In addition, this feedback serves as a source of suggestions for improving the educational process of the course in the following years.

The Dynamics of Students' Learning Readiness in Primary Schools: A Portrait of Schooling in Rural Areas

This article aims to describe the learning readiness of students in rural areas. With the setting at SDN Pehanggo, the aspects that are explored include: student learning readiness, learning motivation, and parental attention. Through a qualitative approach with a narrative method, this study finds that: first, isolated geographic conditions do not hinder the student's education process, this condition has been going on for generations. The students showed high readiness in learning. Second, the success of the previous people motivated students to achieve success and even obsessed with achieving higher success. Limited learning facilities and facilities do not reduce their enthusiasm for learning, they are even considered a challenge to face. Third, parents pay very high attention to their children's education, as evidenced by their focus on the educational success of their children. As an implication of this study, it is important to point out that isolated geographical conditions in an area are not always a barrier to educational progress. Local communities need to be good models for school-age children to emulate. Likewise, the attention of parents plays an important role in preparing children to learn at school. Children's motivation to learn can be grown from the family by creating a good climate for learning, meeting the learning facilities needed. This study confirms that learning readiness is influenced by learning motivation and parental attention. Keywords: Learning Readiness, Motivation, Attention of Parents, Rural Areas

MEMORY OF PETRO DMYTROVYCH SHUST

On September 4, 2020, at the 82nd year, died a well-known scientist in the branch of technology for the production the products of livestock, candidate of agricultural sciences Petro Dmytrovych Shust.
 D. Shust was born on January 23, 1939 in the village of Plysetsky, Vasylkiv district, Kyiv region. In 1957 he entered the zootechnical faculty of the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy, which he successfully graduated in 1962.
 From 1962 to 1975 he worked in the Ternopil region as a senior zootechnician of the regional state pedigree station, main zootechnician of the Borshchiv Administration of Agriculture, manager of the inter-collective farm fattening point, proxy head of the executive committee of the district Council of People's Deputies. From 1975 to 1978 he was the superior guild of the livestock of a specialized farm in production pork (bacon) of the state farm “Kyivsky” in the Kyiv-Sviatoshynskyi district of the Kyiv region. From 1978 to 1979 he was the main zootechnician of the Republican Trust of Experimental Farms and Elite-Seminal State Farms of Scientifically Experienced Institutions of the Ministry of Agriculture of Ukraine.
 From 1979 to 1996 he was the director of the Experimental Station of the Beef Cattle Husbandry “Vorzel” of the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy. For these years, under his leadership, created a strong material and technical base for the spending the educational process for students and research work of postgraduate students and researchers of the station and the academy. An incubative guild, an experimental greenhouse and a farm-laboratory with fragments of various technologies for keeping and milking cattle, system of manure removal, watering of pastures were built. Working as the director of the station, P. D. Shust in 1986 defended his dissertation.
 In 1996, Petro Dmytrovych worked as a leading zootechnician department of the milk of the Main Administration of Animal Husbandry with the State Pedigree Inspectorate of the Ministry of Agriculture of Ukraine, and from 1997 to 2000 – superior of the production department, proxy general director PU “Kyivtvarynprom”. During his work in the production he four times was elected a deputy of the district and twice the city Councils of People's Deputies, awarded the order “Badge of Honor”, the medal "For Valiant Work", 5 gold and 6 silver medals EAPE of the USSR.
 From 2000 to 2002 – senior researcher of the Laboratory of Feeding and Using Pastures of the Institute of the Beef Cattle Husbandry UAAS, from 2002 to 2011 – manager of the Laboratory of Technology of the Beef Cattle Husbandry of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics NAAS. Working as the manager of the laboratory, Petro Dmytrovych in 2008 received a certificate of a senior researcher in the specialty of technology for the production the products of livestock.
 The scientific work of the scientist was turned at studying the dynamic growth of animal, digestion nutrients of feeds and balance of nitrogen, efficiency of feeds, growth muscular, bony and adipose tissues, transformation of feeds, accumulation of protein in organism and slaughter qualities of animals, raised in conditions of variable regime of feeding. Under his leadership have been developed the following technologies: rational use and preservation of natural forage lands (meadows and pastures); creation of cultivated pastures on the basis of multicomponent grass mixtures of different term of reaching pasture maturity; creation of a pasture conveyor for cattle of the meat direction of productivity. P. D. Shust's scientific achievement include about 100 scientific works, 10 patents and copyright certificates.
 He was an extraordinary person, friendly, frank, sensitive, sincere, truthful man and a professional in his affair. Petro Dmitrievich will forever remain a model for colleagues, friends and relatives. The bright memory of him will live in our hearts.
 The collective of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS.

Optimization of the educational process of medical higher education institutions through the information and educational environment

Background. Improving the effectiveness of training of future highly qualified personnel requires the improvement of existing and search for new forms and methods for organizing the educational process. Such approach requires the use of complexes of technical and didactic means that ensure the interconnection between classroom and non-classroom forms of the educational process. Objective. To analyze the existing conditions for the implementation of information and educational environment. Methods. Analysis of theoretical sources on the problem of the use of the information and educational environment in higher medical education, studying and generalization of leading experience in teaching student courses using information and communication technologies. The analysis of the results of the efficiency of implementation of the educational and informational environment has been carried out on the departments of phthisiology and pulmonology, histology, cytology and embryology, medical physics, biophysics and higher mathematics and analytical chemistry. Results. The article presents certain results of the work of lecturers concerning the development and use of the informational and educational environment in the context of continuing learning of present-day information-oriented society. Creating information and educational environment that supplies interaction between lecturers and students in classroom through interactive forms of communication on the basis of edХ platform promotes the optimization of the learning process. The basic principles of providing innovative approaches, methods, technologies of the uniform informational and educational environment of higher education medical institutions are substantiated. The necessity of disclosing the experience of higher education institutions regarding the creation of the informational and educational environment as part of the optimization of the student's educational process is emphasized. The experience of using new learning form confirmed the simplicity and interactivity of interaction of the student and the lecturer, gives the wide opportunities for learning process arrangement, enables the student to model learning process individually, as well as new forms of learning process supervision. Conclusion. In our opinion, online courses based on edX platform facilitate the optimization of the learning process in higher education institutions. The prospect of further work is the continuation of the development and implementation of the online course for students on edX platform in the learning process.

Preparedness Dynamics of Pupils of Lyceum with Enhanced Military and Physical Training Under the Influence of the Wrestling Means Use

Modern physical education in secondary schools is undergoing reform. It is increasingly suggested to introduce the means of different sports to optimize physical education in the educational process. In particular, it is advisable today to include combative sports to the programs of physical culture of military-physical institutions.
 The purpose of the study: to substantiate the use of wrestling means in the physical education process of students of the Lyceum with enhanced military and physical training.
 Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of studying the functional and physical fitness indicators of 10th grade pupils of the Lyceum with enhanced military and physical training during the pedagogical experiment. It consisted in studying the impact of multidirectional wrestling means on the level of these sides of student preparedness during the year.
 Results. In pupils who during the year performed the loads according to the experimental physical culture program during the first semester, the total average increase relative to baseline was 10.7%. In addition, during the second – 5.7%. While members of a group that worked according to a traditional physical culture program in the first semester increased the results of the tests by 6.1% and by 2.0% during the second semester. In the physical fitness of EG students, the total increase of indicators for the first semester was 31.6% and 24.5% – during the second. In contrast, the changes in the studied CG were relatively less pronounced: 24.7% – for the first and 8.9% – for the second semester. 
 Conclusions. The effectiveness of the use of wrestling means in the physical education of pupils of the Lyceum with enhanced military and physical training is substantiated, which contributes to a significantly more pronounced increase in functional and physical fitness indicators of pupils compared to the traditional program of physical culture.

Students with intellectual disabilities learning fractions: intentional pedagogical actions based on concepts of Vygotsky’s defectology

This research aimed to understand the learning process of fractions for two students with intellectual disabilities, collectively with students without any disability. The type of procedure used was interventionist research. There were eighteen subjects in this research, which comprised of Elementary School 6th-grade students, two of whom had intellectual disability/focus subjects. The following data collection instruments were used: 10 observations, totaling 8h20m, and 10 documentary analysis documents. The results showed that the students with intellectual disabilities learned scientific concepts, which involved the concept of fractions, mainly in relation to the idea of part-whole. The study concluded that the understanding of mathematical content, especially scientific concepts about fractions in the educational process of students with intellectual disabilities, can be effective when applied in processes involving intentional pedagogical actions – based on concepts of Vygotsky’s defectology.

Formation of Students’ Competence of Tertiary Educational Institutions by Practical Training Aids

The purpose of the scientific article is aimed at studying the features of students’ competenceformation at tertiary educational institutions by practical training aids. To reveal the purpose of a scientific article, methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis have been used (to study the theoretical framework of students’ competence formation at tertiary educational institutions by practical training aids) and methods of comparison, grouping and concretization (to analyze and assess the practical results of students’ competence formation at tertiary educational institutions by practical training aids). The practical results of the study are presented through: the results of assessing students’ knowledge of Mathematics, Reading and Science, according to the PISA program; dynamics and structure of the number of students enrolled in tertiary education; the proportion of undergraduate students in% of the population at the age of 20-24 years old. According to the results of the PISA program, developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), it has been found that Austria, Belgium and Germany have the highest average scores in Mathematics, Reading and Science, compared to the average scores in OECD countries. It has been established that in Ukraine the average students’score in Mathematics in 2018 is lower than the average score in OECD countries by 21 points, in Reading - by 36 points, and in Science - by 20 points. In the course of the study it hasbeenestablished that currentlyeducators use the following practical training aids for the formation of students’ competence in the learning process, namely: introduction of a modular academic program in the educational process, providing the necessary level of theoretical basis, implementation of introductory,educational, training, undergraduate practices, work experience internship in the educational process of students’ training, application of information, innovation and interactive technologies in the educational process, teaching and training of students in accordance with the requirements of the labor market and employers, ensuring cooperation between tertiary educational institutionsin the framework of student exchange programs.

Arap Dilinin Yapısından Kaynaklanan Çeviri Zorlukları

Çeviri, insanlık tarihi boyunca toplumların bilimsel, kültürel, edebî, diplomatik vs. nedenlerle başvurduğu bir yoldur. Toplumlar ve diller arasındaki etkileşim, bir topluma veya dile ait zenginliğin diğerine aktarılması kanalıyla etkin bir şekilde sağlanmıştır. Çeviri eyleminin kendine has kural ve yöntemleri olmakla beraber birtakım zorlukları da vardır. Bu çalışmada daha çok çeviri deneyimi çerçevesinde karşılaşılan zorluklar ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada ele alınan yapısal zorlukların başında okuma zorluğu gelmektedir. Bilindiği gibi Arap Dilinde hareke kullanımı bazı metinler dışında hemen hemen yok gibidir. Bu durum sessiz harflerin okunmasını zorlaştırmakta, doğru anlam ve doğru çevirinin önünde bir engel oluşturmaktadır. Dilbilgisi kaynaklı zorluklar da çeviri zorluklarına sebebiyet vermektedir. İyi düzeyde gramer bilgisine sahip olanlar bile dilbilgisi kaynaklı zorluklarla karşılaşabilmektedir. Arapça i’râb kurallarının teorik düzeyden pratik düzeye aktarılması ve bol metin deneyimi zorlukların aşılmasına yardımcı olacaktır. Bu zorluklar örnek cümle ve metinlerle izah edilmiş, söz konusu cümlelerin tercümeleriyle ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur. Eşdeğer ifadeler bulunmaya çalışılmıştır. Kaynak dil ile hedef dil arasındaki dil yapısı, kültür, üslup vs. gibi farklılıklar eşdeğer çeviri imkânlarını kısıtlamaktadır. Diller ve kültürler arasındaki tüm bu farklılıklara rağmen eşdeğer çeviri imkânları gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Dillerin kendine özgü yapısından, çevirmenin bizzat kendisinden yahut iki dilin sahip olduğu kültürel farklılıklardan dolayı çeviri işleminde birtakım zorluklar yaşanabilir. Çevirmen her iki dilin de özelliklerine son derece hâkim olmalıdır. Böylece çeviri esnasında ortaya çıkan bu sorunların üstesinden gelecektir.

Design and Validation of the Instrument for the Measurement of Learning and Performance in Football.

The assessment of tactical-technical knowledge of football is essential to develop optimal and integral teaching processes for students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to design and validate an instrument so that teachers, coaches, and researchers can observe and codify both the tactical behaviors and technical skills performed by the students in the game of football. The design and validation of the instrument were carried out in four phases: a) review of the literature and previous instruments; b) design of the Instrument for the Measurement of Learning and Performance in Football (IMLPFoot). It assesses all the offensive and defensive play actions, with and without the ball, as well as their three components (decision-making, technical execution, and final result); c) sample selection of experts (N = 12); and d) quantitative (Likert-type scale from 1 to 10) and qualitative assessment of degree the pertinence, unambiguity, and importance of each of the 33 items included in the IMLPFoot. Aiken’s V coefficient was used to determine content validity. Likewise, internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach’s α coefficient. The results showed demanding levels of validity (V ≥ 0.77), internal consistency (α = 0.983), inter-rater, and intra-rater reliability. Therefore, it is a valid and reliable instrument that makes possible a complete assessment of football in physical education classes and/or in the sports context (out-of-school football).

FORMATION OF A POSITIVE ATTITUDE OF SPO STUDENTS TO A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES

The article presents the results of testing and introduction of pedagogical technology for forming a positive attitude to a healthy lifestyle in physical education classes in the educational process of students of secondary vocational education. The study presents a theoretical model and an educational technology, developed on its basis, which promotes the formation of a healthy lifestyle among students of secondary vocational education corresponding to the requirements of the FGOS SPO. During the experiment, results were obtained that determine the level of attitude of students of secondary vocational education to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The peculiarity of the experiment was that classes with students were conducted remotely. The results of the experiment were confirmed by mathematical statistics. As a result, SPO students became emotionally sensitive to their health and began to respond to changes in their well-being.

The role of the anatomy museum in university education

Museums of anatomy occupy an important place among museums, being a source of empirical knowledge in the field of biological science. However, most museums of anatomy are organized on the basis of medical and pharmaceutical universities as an additional educational space for students to get the most complete picture of the human body structure and the changes that occur in tissues and organs when exposed to various negative environmental factors. Museums of anatomy created on the basis of pedagogical universities are capable of performing educational and research functions for a wide range of students. The paper describes the experience of using the funds of the Museum Human Anatomy in the educational process of students and schoolchildren at General Biology and Physiology Department of South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University. The authors consider some activity areas of the museum related to the implementation of educational and research activities. The paper presents methodical recommendations aimed at improving schoolchildrens training for the practical part of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad in Biology (grades 910), including an algorithm for performing practical tasks to determine and describe the humanorgans (bones of the skeleton), examples of Olympiad tasks with a matrix of answers.

Features of the educational process as factors of illusion of knowledge in students

The phenomenon of the illusion of knowledge as a mistake of metacognitive monitoring is considered in the article. The factors of illusion of knowledge that arise in the learning process (use of schemes and presentations, teacher feedback, group interaction, repetition of material, problematization of experience, type of test question, presence or absence of assessment situation) are analyzed. In the process of psychological and pedagogical experiment, the factors that increase the probability of the illusion of knowledge in the educational process of students have been identified

Las barreras actitudinales y estructurales en el proceso de aprendizaje en los estudiantes universitarios con discapacidad

The objective was to study, from a qualitative approach, attitudinal barriers and structural, which are present in the educational process of students with visual, auditory and motor disabilities at the Popular University of La Chontalpa. The identified attitudinal barriers are observed attitudes and negative behaviors, which they face to carry out administrative procedures by administrative staff, there is a lack of the necessary information to carry out the procedures accompanied by a design of the curricula, which is not adequate to serve students with disabilities. In addition, structural barriers were identified, consisting of the articulation between the educational model; institutional procedures; the lack of media; lack of coordination between the departments, with the tutorials, the granting of scholarships and supports; in the inclusion in cultural, sports or scientific activities, in school hours and in the attention services.

Doświadczanie rzeczywistości szkolnej przez uczniów edukacji początkowej

The teacher, especially at the stage of primary education, has a significant impact on the child’s development. The research intends to seek an answer to the main problem: How do early school teachers organize the education process for students due to key competences important for their functioning at subsequent stages of education? For that purpose, the experience of 387 children was examined in the following areas: possibilities of carrying out tasks in group work; the presence of outdoor education in school’s everyday life; the participation of experts from outside the school in the implementation of school tasks; using students’ various teaching resources, including multimedia, and undertaking research tasks. According to the following research results, teachers do not create conditions conducive to the acquisition of key competences by the students for their important function in the present and the future in school and beyond.

МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ТЕПЛОВИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ СИСТЕМАХ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МЕТОДУ ДЖЕРЕЛ

A source or drain of any shape, whether moving or stationary, acting temporarily or permanently, may be represented as a system of point instantaneous heat sinks (drains). This provision is called the principle of designing solutions. The process of heat propagation in a body of limited size can be represented as the process of heat propagation in an unlimited body, if the actual sources are supplemented by some system of dummy sources or heat sinks. The algorithm developed is as follows. The forces acting on turning on the front and back surfaces of the cutter are calculated. At external longitudinal turning of structural steel, tangential Pz and radial Py are the components of the cutting force. Calculate the dimensions of a flat source of heat on the front surface of the cutter, the flat area of the contact of the chips with the front surface. Calculate the temperature at the tip of the cutter with constant heat exchange. As a result of the research, the substantiation of the concept of mathematical model for use in the execution of turning works is offered, where the choice of such cutting modes is important so that, with the known characteristics of the material being processed, the temperature of the cutter does not exceed the maximum possible. This in turn provides effective planning and cost-effectiveness of the cutter. All this allows you to adjust the modes and costs in the work developed a calculation algorithm for the given processing conditions - properties of the machined and tool materials, geometric parameters of the tool and cutting modes to determine the temperature at the top of the lathe using the source method. The scientific novelty is to use the known method of heat sources for the calculation of a specific technical problem: the calculation of the temperature of the tip of the cutter when processing a specific part The practical importance of the work lies in the possibility of using the developed algorithm in practice in the manufacture of specific parts, because it is known that exceeding a certain temperature of the cutter can lead to sad results. The work can also be used in the educational process for students studying heat engineering

Exploring the Impact of Student Teaching Apprenticeships on Student Achievement and Mentor Teachers

We exploit within-teacher variation in the years that math and reading teachers in grades 4–8 host an apprentice (“student teacher”) in Washington State to estimate the causal effect of these apprenticeships on student achievement, both during the apprenticeship and afterwards. While the average causal effect of hosting a student teacher on student performance in the year of the apprenticeship is indistinguishable from zero in both math and reading, hosting a student teacher is found to have modest positive impacts on student math and reading achievement in a teacher’s classroom in following years. These findings suggest that schools and districts can participate in the student teaching process without fear of short-term decreases in student test scores while potentially gaining modest long-term test score increases.