Development Tasks Research Articles

ALGORITHM FOR ADOPTION OF MANAGERIAL DECISIONS AND MANAGEMENT OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION BASED ON THE SYSTEM OF DYNAMIC INDICATORS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

The substantiation of the development and compliance with the algorithm for the adoption and implementation of management decisions regarding the digital transformation of the socio-economic and ecological systems of Ukraine is an urgent task for the long-term development of the country. The article presents an algorithm for making management decisions, as well as a holistic mechanism for their implementation. The main idea of the algorithm is to take into account certain aspects of the management decision-making process, to follow the general management methodology, as well as to correctly interpret and use the principles of the system approach. The decision implementation mechanism involves the formation of a complete system of implementation of organizational forms, principles, methods and management tools, taking into account the main functions of management, as well as the aspects of space and time.

DUT Guide: Learning Design as an educational development methodology

This guide focuses on Learning Design as an educational development methodology for enhancing teaching and learning and is intended for educational developers and educators with special educational development tasks in higher education. It addresses educators’ often implicit design for learning processes and how they can qualify their designs and learn from and support peers’ design choices. Learning Design involves incorporating pedagogical theory, making explicit design choices, emphasising student learning, utilising design aids and promoting reusability. The guide offers five practical tips for adopting Learning Design in higher education with the ultimate goal of empowering educators to design and share effective and efficient teaching.

FASE DAN TUGAS PERKEMBANGAN SOSIO-EMOSIONAL ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR

The aim of this research is to determine the phases and factors that influence children's socio-emotional development tasks at the age of 6-11 years. This research is a type of literature study research where the sources of information in this research are obtained from various sources such as books, journals and relevant articles. The results of this research show that socio-emotional development is an important aspect in child development. Several factors influence the development of children's socio-emotional tasks at this age, including social interaction, adaptation, compliance with social norms, maturation and learning experiences and relationships with adults around the child. This needs to be considered because social and emotional intelligence is a key element in children's development, including the ability to recognize other people's feelings, interact well, manage emotions and motivate oneself. These are important aspects that help children overcome their developmental tasks and shape their character

청소년 채팅 상담자의 채팅 상담 경험에 대한 합의적 질적 연구

Recently, the growth of chat counseling has been remarkable, and the preference among theyouth is increasing significantly. At present, it could be the most professional for a counselorwith counseling license to participate in chat counseling. Accordingly, this study targetedcounselors who hold professional licenses and participate in chat counseling and looked indepth at what they experience during chat counseling. After conducting interviews with 12 chatcounselors for youth and analyzing them using a consensual qualitative research method, 4areas, 13 categories, and 33 subcategories were derived. Looking at the four areas, they were‘experience before chat counseling’, ‘experience during the chat counseling’, ‘understanding thecharacteristics of chat counseling’, and ‘development tasks of chat counseling’. Participantsreported that chat counseling can be an effective intervention method for the youth. This studywill provide practical, helpful information and materials to counselors who are entering chatcounseling.

Efficient Difficulty Level Balancing in Match-3 Puzzle Games: A Comparative Study of Proximal Policy Optimization and Soft Actor-Critic Algorithms

Match-3 puzzle games have garnered significant popularity across all age groups due to their simplicity, non-violent nature, and concise gameplay. However, the development of captivating and well-balanced stages in match-3 puzzle games remains a challenging task for game developers. This study aims to identify the optimal algorithm for reinforcement learning to streamline the level balancing verification process in match-3 games by comparison with Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithms. By training the agent with these two algorithms, the paper investigated which approach yields more efficient and effective difficulty level balancing test results. After the comparative analysis of cumulative rewards and entropy, the findings illustrate that the SAC algorithm is the optimal choice for creating an efficient agent capable of handling difficulty level balancing for stages in a match-3 puzzle game. This is because the superior learning performance and higher stability demonstrated by the SAC algorithm are more important in terms of stage difficulty balancing in match-3 gameplay. This study expects to contribute to the development of improved level balancing techniques in match-3 puzzle games besides enhancing the overall gaming experience for players.

Effects of Sexual Abuse on Cognitive Function in College student

Sexual abuse is a grave societal issue, both due to its prevalence and its long-lasting consequences. In the realm of education, victims of sexual abuse often face obstacles in achieving optimal academic performance. Recently, the effects of sexual abuse on victims have garnered increased attention, particularly concerning cognitive function. In adult sexual abuse victims, deficits in short-term verbal memory have been observed, along with impaired inhibitory capacity and difficulties in verbally mediated higher cognitive abilities. Additionally, distractibility and impaired sustained attention have been identified in abused adults. This article seeks to explore the existing literature and research findings pertaining to the impact of sexual abuse on cognitive function, specifically among college students. College students undergo significant career development tasks, which necessitate robust cognitive function. The review incorporates empirical studies relevant to the effects of sexual abuse on cognitive function, while also considering the implications of these findings for future research.
 Keywords: sexual abuse, cognitive function, college student

Grit Description in High/Vocational School Student of Bandung City

According to student development tasks for high/vocational school students, selecting and preparing a career is an essential aspect of their development. Therefore, these students must engage in career planning, and one of the factors that significantly influences career planning and maturity is their individual personality or level of Grit. Several components related to career development include career maturity, personality effectiveness, career decision-making, and goal setting. One specific personality factor that aligns with the positive psychology approach is Grit, which encompasses effort, diligence, consistency of interest, and adaptability to various situations. In this research, fifty high/vocational school students from Bandung City were selected as the sample for the study. The researchers used the Grit Scale developed by Duckworth as a measuring instrument to assess the students’ level of Grit. The research method employed in this study is descriptive quantitative to provide an overview and description of the Grit personality among the students. The findings of the research indicate that the overall level of Grit in high/vocational school students from Bandung City is low.
 Keywords: grit, career development, high/vocational school student

CodeGen-Search: A Code Generation Model Incorporating Similar Sample Information

Code generation has a positive significance in supporting software development, reducing labor intensity, and improving development efficiency. Some scholars use similar code information to enhance the quality of code generation. However, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of programming in daily development tasks, developers often search for similar samples as references. They get the code’s syntactic structure and semantic information from similar samples to assist in programming development. Inspired by this, we argue that similar samples are helpful for code generation. This paper proposes a CodeGen-Search model to improve code generation quality by incorporating similar samples. To fully utilize the information of similar samples, the model adopts the “pre-training [Formula: see text] fine-tuning” pattern. The model uses a minimum edit distance algorithm to find some similar samples with natural language (NL), and uses different encoders to extract the features of the NL and the code in similar samples. Experimental results show that our model efficiently improves the quality of the generated code. Compared to the state-of-the-art model, the CodeGen-Search model improves the BLEU by 1.5%, the Rough by 0.8% on the HS dataset, and the StrAcc by 0.5% on the ATIS dataset.

Mechanisms for Activating the Personal Potential of Students in the Context of Digitalization of University Education

The purpose of this paper is to design a psychological-pedagogical construct of the implementation of information technologies in the process of teaching students for developing their personal potential. The rapid digitalization of higher education has caused the need to ensure the didactically correct information-communicative technology (ICT) introduction in education, which must organically comply with the structure and logic of the learning process, as well as the task of personal development. Solving these tasks, the authors propose not direct, but mediated use of different ICTs through the development of a system of various educational communications that are built and supported by the teacher. This is the novelty of the study and its dissimilarity to most of the current projects of forced, technocratic digitalization of students study, which do not sufficiently take into account the laws and principles of a holistic educational process and the becoming of personality in it.Based on psychological and didactic approaches and methods, the authors reconstruct the pedagogically controlled process of ICT introducing into education through the implementation by the teacher of interrelated mechanisms – environment-forming and trigger mechanisms. The environment-forming mechanism unfolds the logic of the phased introduction of ICT – from the principles of their use through the construction of educational communications to the methods for activating of students personal potential in the form of trigger mechanisms. These activators are modes for the practical inclusion of ICT in education and are set by the mechanism for personalizing educational communications. Assuming the attunement of ICT to the personality of the student, this mechanism brings the teacher to the fore in the process of digitalization of learning. Being the initiator and organizer of educational communications, the teacher can adequately and fully ensure this attunement and targeting of ICT use by implementing a set of conjugated mechanisms: responsive, polycontact, contemporal, meaning-centric, project-constructing, cultural-mediating, consolidating, inclusive, comparative and the mechanism of problematization.Approbation of the proposed mechanisms in the practice of online-learning has shown their sufficient effectiveness, students have an increase in indicators of self-realization and self-regulation, as well as the significance of values of self-development in education.

DeepDelta: predicting ADMET improvements of molecular derivatives with deep learning

Established molecular machine learning models process individual molecules as inputs to predict their biological, chemical, or physical properties. However, such algorithms require large datasets and have not been optimized to predict property differences between molecules, limiting their ability to learn from smaller datasets and to directly compare the anticipated properties of two molecules. Many drug and material development tasks would benefit from an algorithm that can directly compare two molecules to guide molecular optimization and prioritization, especially for tasks with limited available data. Here, we develop DeepDelta, a pairwise deep learning approach that processes two molecules simultaneously and learns to predict property differences between two molecules from small datasets. On 10 ADMET benchmark tasks, our DeepDelta approach significantly outperforms two established molecular machine learning algorithms, the directed message passing neural network (D-MPNN) ChemProp and Random Forest using radial fingerprints, for 70% of benchmarks in terms of Pearson’s r, 60% of benchmarks in terms of mean absolute error (MAE), and all external test sets for both Pearson’s r and MAE. We further analyze our performance and find that DeepDelta is particularly outperforming established approaches at predicting large differences in molecular properties and can perform scaffold hopping. Furthermore, we derive mathematically fundamental computational tests of our models based on mathematical invariants and show that compliance to these tests correlates with overall model performance — providing an innovative, unsupervised, and easily computable measure of expected model performance and applicability. Taken together, DeepDelta provides an accurate approach to predict molecular property differences by directly training on molecular pairs and their property differences to further support fidelity and transparency in molecular optimization for drug development and the chemical sciences.

PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PERANGKAT DESA DENGAN MOTIVASI KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA KANTOR DESA JANGKAR DAN DESA PALANGAN KABUPATEN SITUBONDO

Jangkar Village and Palangan Village are government organizations responsible for the administration of local government affairs and the interests of the local community in the tasks of development, order, peace, and supervision of regional development. The purpose of this study is to analyze and test the influence of leadership style and work environment on the performance of village officials with work motivation as an intervening variable in the Jangkar Village and Palangan Village Offices in Situbondo Regency. This research is explanatory research using non-probability sampling techniques. Data analysis and hypothesis testing in this study use the Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM).
 The results of the hypothesis testing for direct effects using the Smart PLS 3.0 application indicate that leadership style has a significant influence on work motivation, the work environment has a significant influence on work motivation, leadership style does not have a significant influence on performance, the work environment does not have a significant influence on performance, and work motivation has a significant influence on performance. The results of the hypothesis testing for indirect effects show that the leadership style variable on performance through work motivation has a positive but not significant influence, while the work environment on performance through work motivation has a significant positive influence.

Modeling Tax Incentives for Sustainable Development of Territories

One of the key tasks of the modern development of Russian regions is to change the negative socio-economic trends and ensure the transition to a sustainable development trajectory, including using tax instruments. The purpose of the work is to study the possibility of using the synthesis of system-dynamic and agent-based modeling to justify the policy of tax incentives for the sustainable development of the territory. The essence of the research procedure is a comparative analysis of modeling methods in the context of the problems of tax incentives for the sustainable development of the region. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the substantiation of the scientific and methodological approach to the study of the subject area, based on the synthesis of system-dynamic and agent-based methods, which provide for the study of aspects of sustainable development of the region, taking into account feedback, using system dynamics, and the behavior of enterprises operating in it, individually responding to tax incentives — using agent-based tools. Such a synthetic approach will make it possible to better consider the specifics of the sustainable development of the territory, due to both system-wide and behavioral factors.

FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON ECONOMIC DECISION-MAKING IN BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL STATE

Goal. To study the main factors of making business decisions at enterprises. Method. The method of studying and summarizing information, the general theory of systems and system analysis were used for research. The results. The article examines changes in economic decision-making based on the factors of the micro- and macro-environment of enterprises that influence these decisions during martial law, and compares them with pre-war factors. The authors of the article analyze on the basis of statistical data the change in approaches to enterprise management, highlight the main problems and tasks of enterprise development with their comparison over time. Reasoned position of the authors regarding the improvement of strategic planning of the enterprise. Scientific novelty. Tools for improving economic decisions at enterprises of various types under the conditions of resource limitation to achieve the desired economic state of the enterprise, taking into account the planned and actual results of the enterprise's activities during the pre-war and martial law periods, are proposed. Practical significance. The conclusions made in this article can be used by entrepreneurs for the analysis of the formed business decisions and their adoption.

Improving Approaches to Implementing Regional Development Strategy based on Reducing Intra-Regional Differentiation

The heterogeneity of economic space is its natural property. At the same time, high levels of inequality can become a threat to the integrity of the socio-economic system and cause its slower development. In this regard, the problem of uneven spatial development is relevant for spatially extended economies (both national and regional) and is reflected in strategic planning documents. This article is devoted to the issues of spatial development of the largest subject of the Russian Federation – the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), – whose socio-economic development strategy notes increased intra-regional differentiation and disunity of economic zones, which is classified as the main challenges to the spatial development of the region. At the same time, this strategy does not highlight a list of measures to reduce the difference in the level of development of municipal districts, and also does not indicate the consequences of the implementation of the activities and projects planned by the strategy in the context of the spatial development of the region and its unevenness. In this paper in the context of municipal districts, an assessment was made of the effects of the implementation of large investment projects in the mining sector, which, according to the development strategy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), will remain the main source of economic growth in the region. The study was conducted using a regional intersectoral model taking into account multiplier effects and spatial heterogeneity. Based on the obtained estimates, it is shown that the implementation of raw materials projects can cause an increase in intra-regional differentiation of economic development. The possibility of shrinking the economic space of the region in the absence of measures to equalize imbalances is noted. As a compensatory mechanism for the spatial heterogeneity of effects, an increase in the localization of effects from the implementation of these projects in various areas (localization of production, employment, redistribution of the part of the rent withdrawn from the extractive sector to the tasks of spatial development of the region) is considered.

PREREQUISITES AND TASKS OF CHANGING THE FUNCTIONS AND FORM OF THE REGIONAL TYPOLOGY OF THE LUGANSK REGION

Donbas has successively gone through several stages of formation as a regional unit. Changes were formed under the influence of external factors, with a significant part of administrative coercion, which contributed to the accumulation of structural problems and contradictions. In the current period, the region is engulfed in war. Another stage of structural changes in the region is being recorded. It is difficult to predict the scale and nature of changes in the functions of the regional typology, but there are reasons to believe that certain functions of the regional typology will undergo significant changes. This will lead to changes in form with an impact on the transformation of the engineering and planning organization of the region as a whole. The aim of the research is to determine the trends, circumstances and prerequisites for changes in the functions and form of Luhansk region. To analyze the correspondence of regional typologies according to the features of function and form in modern conditions of armed conflict. Determine the task of urban development of the region in accordance with modern conditions. 
 The research shows that the functions of the region, Luhansk region in particular, have changed. Luhansk region in modern conditions acquires features that do not fall under the existing classification. A border region is being formed, the main function of which is not cross-border cooperation and the development of interstate relations, but the formation of the border in the conditions of war and post-war reconstruction, the construction of a security zone. The inconsistency of typological features forms the task of updating the regional model of the planning organization. The regional model of territorial planning will involve closing the border, making it impossible to be transparent; suspension of transport connections - road and rail; restriction of the movement of citizens in the direction of the border of Russia, that is, the introduction of a special transit regime; disconnection of engineering networks from communication with the aggressor country. 
 The tasks of urban development are based on principles, among the main ones it should be highlighted - the principle of security and safety, accessibility, autonomy, adaptability, attractiveness, environmental friendliness and reproduction of the environment. The principles of urban development in the tasks of reproduction of the occupied territories are given in the article. Factors influencing the processes of urban development in the conditions of post-war development are analyzed. The task of urban development of the region in accordance with modern conditions is formulated.

High performance work systems and employee performance: the roles of employee well-being and workplace friendship

ABSTRACT Promoting a thriving and productive workforce is a core task for human resource development (HRD) researchers and practitioners. Drawing on the job demands-resources model, this study aims to provide a balanced view of how high performance work systems (HPWSs) influence employee performance through different aspects of employee well-being. Data were collected from 346 employees through a three-wave survey in China. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses. The results reveal that HPWSs positively predict employee performance through psychological empowerment and negatively predict employee performance through emotional exhaustion. Workplace friendship minimises the positive effect of HPWSs on emotional exhaustion and attenuates the indirect effect of HPWSs on employee performance via emotional exhaustion. This study challenges the prevailing idea that HPWSs can always improve employee performance. It informs HRD researchers and practitioners to dialectically assess the impact of HPWSs and include workplace friendship as an intervention measure to reduce the detrimental outcomes of HPWSs and better promote employee development.

A New Multi-Objective Genetic Programming Model for Meteorological Drought Forecasting

Drought forecasting is a vital task for sustainable development and water resource management. Emerging machine learning techniques could be used to develop precise drought forecasting models. However, they need to be explicit and simple enough to secure their implementation in practice. This article introduces a novel explicit model, called multi-objective multi-gene genetic programming (MOMGGP), for meteorological drought forecasting that addresses both the accuracy and simplicity of the model applied. The proposed model considers two objective functions: (i) root mean square error and (ii) expressional complexity during its evolution. While the former is used to increase the model accuracy at the training phase, the latter is assigned to decrease the model complexity and achieve parsimony conditions. The model evolution and verification procedure were demonstrated using the standardized precipitation index obtained for Burdur City, Turkey. The comparison with benchmark genetic programming (GP) and multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP) models showed that MOMGGP provides the same forecasting accuracy with more parsimony conditions. Thus, it is suggested to utilize the model for practical meteorological drought forecasting.

Virtual Multi-Criterial Calibration of Operating Strategies for Hybrid-Electric Powertrains

In hybrid vehicle development, the operating strategy has a decisive role in meeting the development goals, such as compliance with emission standards and high energy efficiency. A considerable number of interactions and cross-influences on other topics, such as emissions, on-board diagnostics, or drivability, must be considered during the calibration process. In this context, the given time constraints pose further challenges. To overcome these, approaches for virtualization of the calibration process are an effective measure. For this purpose, in the current study, a real engine control unit is embedded into a virtual simulation environment on so-called hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) testbenches, which allow virtual calibration and validation of the complete target vehicle. In this context, the paper presents a novel method for virtual calibration of operating strategies for hybrid-electric propulsion systems. This includes an innovative multi-criterial approach that considers the requirements of several development tasks, such as emission and OBD calibration. Measurement data for this optimization is generated on a HiL testbench setup tailored for the described methodology, including both the electrical setup and the simulation environment. To validate the selection of modeling approaches and the parametrization, the simulation environment is operated in open loop. The results of the open loop validation show promising behavior regarding the proposed use case. Finally, the presented methodology is evaluated regarding time and cost savings compared to a conventional approach.

Концептуалізація бюджетування в парадигмі інституціоналізму

Introduction. The development of a theoretical and methodological concept of budgeting in public finance is necessary and important for Ukraine, which does not have its own long tradition of the budgeting technologies developing on the democratic principles. Considering the fact that budgeting takes place in an institutional environment, it is reasonable to substantiate the conceptual foundations of budgeting in the paradigm of institutionalism. Problem Statement. A systematized presentation of the conceptual foundations of budgeting as a macro-level financial and management technology with the specification of elements, conditions and principles remains an unresolved task. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conceptual foundations of modern budgeting as a financial and management technology aimed at ensuring public welfare, to identify the components of budgeting, to expand and deepen their characteristics compared to the previous developments, to substantiate the principles of budgeting. Methods. The authors base their research on the methodology of institutionalism. They use evolutionistic approach to argue for the institutional nature of budgeting; systemic approach and theoretical generalizations - for conceptualizing budgeting; graphic interpretation - for a visualization of the components of budgeting as a financial and management technology. Results. The authors reveal the evolutionary changes in the development of budgeting technologies, give the definition of budgeting in public finance, identify the elements of budgeting, determine the sequence of budgeting stages as a process aimed at ensuring sustainable development and growth of the welfare of society, and substantiate the principles of budgeting. Conclusions. Budgeting in public finance is a management technology, the content of which is revealed in two aspects: 1) as a set of techniques, tools and methods; 2) as a process consisting of successive stages: from setting the goals and tasks of socio-economic development to evaluating effectiveness and efficiency. With the evolution of the state, approaches changed and different budgeting technologies were formed. The main task of financial and management engineering is the correct choice and combination of various budgeting technologies or their components to achieve the desirable result.

Role of bigdata analytics in improving drivers of omni-channel retailing for improving logistics experience

PurposeThe objective of this research is to evaluate and rank the factors influencing omnichannel (OC) logistics, while also investigating the significant impact of big data analytics in improving these drivers of OC logistics.Design/methodology/approachUsing exploratory sequential mixed method design, an in-person interview survey was conducted to identify and stratifies the enablers of OC retailing. These interviews were supplemented with a case study in an apparel firm to prioritise the enablers of OC logistics. Further, a survey was conducted to understand the role of big data analytics in improving drivers of OC logistics as well as the role of Individual capability and organisational capability in big data usage for omnichannel retailing.FindingsFindings represent that information management is the most important driver followed by inventory management and network design for improving OC logistics. Further, significant relationship between big data analytics and drivers of omnichannel logistics has been reported.Practical implicationsThis study identifies and classifies the drivers of OC retailing relating to their level of criticality in OC logistics which will assists practitioners to prioritise their tasks for the successful development of OC logistics. The study will also help practitioners to use BDA for developing the drivers of OC.Originality/valueThe study substantiates and adds to the BDA literature by emphasising the positive role of BDA in development of OC driver and highlighting the significant role of drivers of BDA in its usage.