Development Tasks Research Articles

Pedagogical dialogue as a function of social-cultural development: Case of Kazakhstan

Relevance. The organization of dialogue interaction is relevant at the initial stage of study at the university, as the dialogue creates the basis for respectful and friendly relations between students, promotes fruitful cooperation of all subjects of educational processes. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to explore the importance of dialogue in the socio-cultural development of the individual. Methodology. The methodological basis for solving this scientific problem is the theoretical foundations of the system-activity approach. The fundamental point of the study is the methodological basis of the research proposal - the study of the functions of dialogue. Results. The result of this study showed that for effective cooperation with other people in various activities, the successful assimilation of universal human values and norms of behavior, a student must have a culture of dialogue. The formation of a culture-dialogue is one of the directions for realizing the tasks of socio-cultural development. Conclusions. The culture of dialogue involves the adoption of oneself and the other with attitudes of moral and humanistic values, contributes to the development of the individual and society as a whole.

Perkembangan Anak pada Masa Sekolah Dasar

Children's development during elementary school includes various aspects such as cognitive, social, emotional, physical and language. Every child develops in various unique ways, but there are several general developments that can be identified in elementary school children, namely children aged 6 to 12 years. As for physical development, at this age children experience rapid body growth, fine and gross motor skills continue to develop. As for the cognitive development of children during this period, they acquire higher cognitive abilities. In social development, children at this time understand and are involved in more complex social interactions. During this period of emotional development, children learn to manage emotions better, identify and express feelings more accurately. The aim of this research was to find out specifically the development of children during elementary school. In this research, the author uses a type of research in the form of library research. From this research, the researcher concluded that aspects of a child's development can be influenced by the surrounding environment. Therefore, teachers and parents should have knowledge in efforts to maximize aspects of a child's development because, if every aspect can develop well, then the child is able to carry out tasks. the task of development is also good.

Cultural Heritage and the Social Dynamics of Building Strong Institutions in Nigeria

Several scholarly debates have proven the fact that, without solid Social Institutions, a society cannot realize even the basic societal task of growth and sustainable development. In a situation such as this, the tendencies for citizenry to tilt towards heinous crimes and other harmful practices would certainly be high. Therefore, interrogating the social dynamics that enable nations realize their past history, know what to preserve and how to connect such with existential realities of contemporary times becomes a necessary proposition especially in Nigeria. From a feminist perspective, if the dominant ideology in social institutions craves for women to be perceived as second fiddle and subservient to men in a society already experiencing Globalization, cultural diffusion and technology, then there will be suppression of the female gender, such as inheritance rights. The paper argued that, even in contemporary times, the Nigerian nation still lacks solid Social Institutions, and by means of that still struggling to adapt to new cultural conditions with dominant ideology that can help maintain powerful social, economic and political interest for both sexes. Needless to say that, in recent decades, there has been a lot of exchange of ideas and concepts, through a worldwide integration of cultures, social movements; government policies that the Nigerian nation is yet to key into. Using qualitative descriptive analysis of primary and secondary data centered on conflict theory which lays emphasis on the importance of interest over norms and values and how societies are characterized by inequality, the paper assert that, strong Social Institutions as mechanisms of social order should be encouraged to produce social needs such as family, education, healthcare, religion, and politics.

Experimental studies of air ozonization influence on pollutants emission in vortex ignition-stabilizing modules of gas turbine combustion chambers

Reduction of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere is an urgent task of modern gas turbine engineering development. Such substances that have a negative impact on the environment include nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. The article provides a review of the existing methods for reducing the emissions of pollutants used in the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in the combustion chambers of gas turbine units, as well as indicates promising technologies developed based on these methods. Justification is presented of the necessity to study the method of ozonization of air supplied to the fuel combustion zone to reduce the content of pollutants in its combustion products. The purpose of the study was to develop recommendations for reducing pollutant emissions within a given range of variations regime parameters. To perform the necessary set of experimental studies, a specialized laboratory stand was created, the combined circuit and measurement scheme of which is given in the article. A rather detailed description is given of the structural elements of the stand and, in particular, of the subject of research — a full-scale vortex ignitionstabilizing module of the combustion chamber of a gas turbine unit, an electric ozonator, air and combustible gas supply systems, an exhaust system with a central fan, control and measuring instruments and fittings. The tests were carried out in accordance with specially developed methods of controlling the stand operation in three modes: startup; transfer from one steady-state mode to another; stop. The influence of air ozonization on combustion processes in the vortex ignition-stabilizing module was determined by the content of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in it. The factors that influence the decrease in the concentration of carbon monoxide in the combustion products during the combustion of air in ozonized air have been determined. The methods of calculation determination of combustible gas and air parameters — mass flow rates, flow velocities and dynamic heads — are described. The results of the performed experimental studies are presented in graphical interpretation, their detailed analysis is given, on the basis of which recommendations on practical use of the method of air ozonization are given.

Quantitative determination of potential genotoxic impurities in metformin hydrochloride and empagliflozin tablets through ultra-performance liquid chromatography[sbnd]mass spectrometry

An increasing number of drug research institutions consider genotoxic impurity research a core task in drug research and development. Peroxides in drugs may directly or indirectly attack and damage cell DNA, posing a potential carcinogenic risk to the human body. Currently, the literature only studies hydroperoxide impurities, and benzyl peroxide has not been studied yet. In this study, an effective method for ultra-performance liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (UPLCMS/MS) was established and verified to detect and quantify the potential genotoxic impurity (PGI), empagliflozin benzyl peroxide, in metformin–empagliflozin combination formulations, which has not been reported thus far. A Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 (3.0 ×100 mm, 1.8 µm) column was used to achieve chromatographic separation with gradient elution. The mass spectrometry conditions were optimized using electrospray ionization in the negative mode. Following the International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, this methodology can quantify PGIs at 1.35 ng/mL (5.4 ppm) in samples. This validated method exhibited good linearity over a concentration range of 5.4 to 36 ppm, and the accuracy of this method was in the range of 83.2–95.0% for empagliflozin benzyl peroxide. This approach fills the gap in the detection method for benzyl peroxide impurities in metformin hydrochloride and empagliflozin tablets, providing technical support for the quality control of the drug.

Towards enhanced heat and mass exchange in adsorption systems: The role of AutoML and fluidized bed innovations

The selection of optimal design and the most efficient operational parameters for energy devices constitute a priority task for sustainable development and increasing energy efficiency within the net-zero emissions strategy. This is particularly important in adsorption cooling and desalination systems with poor performance due to unfavourable heat transfer conditions in conventional packed beds of adsorption chillers (ACs). Therefore, looking for additional ways of performance improvement is still challenging, especially covering different design variants and operational strategies. The existing complex, time-consuming and costly analytical, numerical and experimental methods, usually focused on a specific design and operating parameters of conventional packed adsorption beds, cannot tackle these comprehensive problems. Since artificial intelligence (AI) based models are considered tools that sometimes may overcome the shortcomings of the programmed computing approach and the experimental procedures, the paper introduces automated machine learning (AutoML) as a general approach for the design and optimization study of adsorption cooling and desalination systems. The double-effect, i.e. specific cooling capacity (SCP) and specific daily water production (SDWP) of various adsorption chillers (ACs) operating in large-, pilot- and small-scale adsorption cooling and desalination systems, is considered in the study. The paper also presents a novel big data optimization procedure for selecting the best operating and design strategy in adsorption cooling and desalination technology. Finally, a new concept of fluidized bed-type application in adsorption chillers is proposed, which allows for enhancing the performance of ACs.The presented approach can be referred to as a complementary design technique in adsorption cooling and desalination systems, besides the existing complex analytical and time-consuming numerical methods and expensive experiments.

Possibility of Monitoring the Dynamic Impact of the Rolling Stock on the Track Superstructure Using Strain Gauges and Vibrometry

One of the priority tasks in development of railway transport is to raise its efficiency by increasing the time between repairs for both the track superstructure and the rolling stock. Solving this problem is impossible without timely, complete, and reliable information about the dynamics of interaction of the rolling stock with the infrastructure. To organise monitoring of dynamic processes, completely different types of primary transducers are used: resistance strain gauges, fibre-optic sensors, dynamometers (force sensor pads), accelerometers, acoustic emission sensors. This implies relevance of the scientific and technical problem of comparative testing of sensors of different types to assess the information content of their signals and justify the criteria for choosing primary transducers when solving specific monitoring problems.The objective of the study is to comparatively test removable resistive strain sensors, optical polarisation strain sensors and accelerometers under a passing train and to evaluate their information content to control rail depression and detect defects on the running surface of wagon wheels.The study using finite element modelling and a physical model of a rail as of a beam on an elastic foundation, substantiates the relationship between longitudinal deformations and vertical accelerations of the rail foot. Comparative tests of removable strain-resistive and optical polarisation strain sensors and accelerometers were held on an experimental section of track under a passing train. A signal processing algorithm has been developed and the equivalence of strain gauges and vibrometers for determining the depression of a rail under a passing train has been proven. Acomparison has been made of the pulse components of the signals of deformation and vibration acceleration during movement of a wheel with a defect on the running surface, and the requirements for the frequency characteristics of the sensors and their mounting on the rail surface have been substantiated.

Defining a universal measurement unit and scale for gross motor development.

The ability of children to accomplish progressively more difficult gross motor tasks follows a predictable sequence that has been well documented as part of development. Current existing instruments were developed independently using classical test theory methods which led to the lack of a universal measurement scale and unit. The purpose of this study was to test a specification equation, anchored to commonly accepted and reproducible tasks in gross motor development, to generate a universal measurement scale and unit of measurement, called the Gross Motor (GM) unit. We rated component measures for each of the gross motor development tasks on the Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM). The GMFM is a gross motor development measure created with Rasch measurement theory to quantify observed difficulty levels measured on an interval scale. Component measures for body position, movement, and support were based on hypothesized contributions to gross motor development based on theory. Forward stepwise linear regression was used to test a specification equation. The specification equation was anchored to reference points to fix a unit size. Our specification equation explained 87% of the variance in observed gross motor task difficulty. Predicted difficulty for gross motor tasks was strongly associated with observed task difficulty (r = 0.94, p < 0.0001). Our specification equation was anchored to 1) lying supine (0 GM units) and 2) walking unsupported (100 GM units) setting the size of the GM unit to 1/100 of the distance between lying supine and unsupported walking. Our specification equation allows for experimental testing of gross motor development theories. This approach provides a framework for refining our understanding and measurement of gross motor development and creates a universal scale and unit. We expect that this will facilitate placing many, if not all, current gross motor development instruments on the same measurement scale.

Increasing SMEs Productivity Through Digital Transformation Adoption of Software as a Service and Development of Entrepreneurial Attitudes

This study aims to test the influence digital transformation adoption of Software as a Service cloud accounting services and development of entrepreneurial attitude to productivity SMEs in Lubuklinggau as measured by indicators make transactions easier, speeds up transactions, providing additional profits when completing transaction, increase efficiency in do transaction For variables digital transformation, adoption of Software as a Service cloud accounting services. Planning indicators, beliefs, orientation on task, taking risk, leadership, And honesty For variables development of entrepreneurial attitude . As well as indicator efficiency, effectiveness, and economical for variables SMEs productivity. This research uses the Purposive Sampling method. Deep sample study was 37 respondent SMEs in Lubuklinggau. Data used in this research was primary data obtained from distribution questionnaire directly. This study used a quantitative approach. Analysis data was done using Smart PLS 3. The results of this study indicate that the effect of digital transformation adoption of Software as a Service cloud accounting services and the development of entrepreneurial attitudes on productivity of SMEs in Lubuklinggau influential positive. This study was expected can provide benefits for SMEs in Lubuklinggau with the digital transformation of adopting Software as a Service cloud accounting services so that realization enhancement productivity Which Good and develop attitude entrepreneurial with Good so that productivity increase with good too.

REVIEW OF AI IN EDUCATION: TRANSFORMING LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS IN AFRICA

This study analyses artificial intelligence (AI's) impact on education in Africa, focusing on personalized learning, technology integration, and challenges in educational development. This review explores the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in reshaping educational landscapes across Africa. As the continent strives for inclusive and quality education, AI emerges as a potent tool with the potential to address educational challenges, enhance learning outcomes, and bridge existing gaps. The review delves into various applications of AI in education, ranging from personalized learning experiences to adaptive assessment methodologies, and examines their impact on diverse learning environments. It gives an overview of the current state of education in Africa, the review highlights the disparities in access, quality, and infrastructure. It also investigates the innovative ways in which AI technologies are being integrated into educational systems. AI-powered adaptive learning platforms, virtual tutors, and intelligent content delivery systems are analyzed for their effectiveness in catering to the diverse needs of students across the continent. The review also addresses the potential of AI in overcoming language barriers, promoting literacy, and fostering digital skills development. Moreover, it explores the role of AI in facilitating teacher support, professional development, and administrative tasks, thereby contributing to the overall improvement of the education ecosystem. Ethical considerations, privacy concerns, and the digital divide are critically examined to ensure that the integration of AI in education aligns with ethical standards and promotes equitable access. Case studies and pilot projects from various African countries are presented to illustrate successful implementations, challenges faced, and lessons learned. Furthermore, the review discusses the importance of collaborative efforts involving governments, educational institutions, technology developers, and the private sector. Policy recommendations and strategic initiatives are explored to guide the responsible and sustainable integration of AI in education across the diverse socio-economic and cultural contexts prevalent in Africa. In conclusion, the review synthesizes the current state of AI in education in Africa, offering insights into its potential to revolutionize learning environments. The transformative power of AI in addressing educational challenges and fostering a culture of continuous improvement is underscored, paving the way for a more inclusive, accessible, and innovative education landscape in the African context.&#x0D; Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Education, Transform Learning, Environments, Africa.

Kesejahteraan Psikologis Pada Remaja Pengajar TPA Kadus IV Desa Sindon

Psychological well-being is something that is important in realizing the tasks of adolescent development. This research uses a qualitative method carried out with a phenomenological approach. Phenomenological research is a type of qualitative research that looks and hears more closely and in detail an individual's explanation and understanding of their experiences. The subjects in this study were 7 people. The results of this research show that the level of psychological well-being of TPQ teachers who are still teenagers is still relatively high. Furthermore, the aspects of self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, mastery of the environment, life goals and personal growth are also at a high level.

Addressing Multitasking Problems through Promotion Incentives: An Empirical Study of Local Governments in China

This study builds a theoretical framework on how subnational governments use promotion schemes to motivate local bureaucrats to address conflicting tasks of economic development and environmental protection. We argue that subnational (province) governments can strategically allocate polluting industries to border areas to make neighbors bear the social cost of pollution and use promotion incentives to make their subordinates (city leaders) comply. Hence, when the central government imposes a stricter environmental regulation policy on provincial governments, border-city leaders obtain a higher probability of promotion. Based on a panel dataset of leaders’ career information and administrations across cities in China, we find an increase in promotion probability for border-city leaders compared with their non-border counterparts after 2011 when the environmental protection task became more important. A potential channel is that border-city leaders accept the migration of polluting industries as a signal of compliance. In addition, this effect is more prominent for newly appointed leaders who have stronger political motivations and rely more on their superiors.

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

INTRODUCTION. In the modern world, higher education plays a pivotal role in shaping social responsibility. In the context of the war that erupted in Ukraine in 2022, this issue becomes particularly pertinent, posing a unique challenge for higher education institutions to ensure sustainable development and address social tasks. The challenges arising during wartime demand new strategies and approaches to ensure the continuity of the educational process and support the student community.&#x0D; RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS: The research hypothesis aims to identify effective higher education strategies in Ukraine in the context of armed conflict, focused on ensuring sustainable development and addressing social challenges.&#x0D; THE AIM of the research is to examine the impact of the armed conflict on higher education in Ukraine and develop strategies of social responsibility to address the challenges within this context.&#x0D; METHODS. The research will be conducted through the analysis of statistical data, studying cases of successful rehabilitation of Ukrainian universities during armed conflicts, and considering feedback from experts and involved stakeholders.&#x0D; FINDINGS. The research findings have identified key challenges faced by higher education in Ukraine during times of armed conflict, including restricted access to educational institutions, damage to infrastructure, and changes in learning conditions. A comprehensive set of measures has been proposed to address these challenges, encompassing the development of distance learning platforms, international expert support, and resource mobilization to restore the educational process and ensure the sustainability of higher education in crisis conditions.&#x0D; CONCLUSION. The research findings underscore the necessity and importance of addressing the challenges faced by higher education in the context of the ongoing armed conflict in Ukraine. The proposed strategies and recommendations delineate pathways for improvement and the implementation of socially responsible approaches. The research findings suggest that adhering to the principles of social responsibility in times of armed conflict can be achieved through active participation in international programs, humanitarian initiatives, and collaborative projects.&#x0D; KEYWORDS: social responsibility; higher education; challenges; armed conflict; international cooperation; resources.

Implementation of Civil Servant Discipline Policy in The Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Of Minahasa Regency

Discipline for employees who work for the Government, namely Civil Servants, absolutely requires regulations regarding discipline which serve as guidelines for disciplining employees. Disciplinary Regulations create order in the work environment to encourage employees to compete in improving performance to be more productive in order to realize the implementation of government and development tasks. The aim of this research is to find out, analyze, and describe the implementation of the Civil Servant Discipline Policy in the Minahasa Regency Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Service based on PP Number 94 of 2021 concerning Civil Servant Discipline. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation, with data analysis techniques and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the work discipline of civil servants in the Minahasa Regency Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Service is not yet optimal because there are still employees who violate the rules in accordance with the applicable regulations regarding the limits on starting and leaving office hours. There are employees who still do not understand the Job Desk in accordance with the Main Duties and Functions, procrastinate on the work they are given, and there is a lack of sanctions given by their superiors. Factors that hinder civil servant discipline are leadership factors and factors from the employees themselves in the form of employee quality and mentality and lack of socialization of the implementation of these government regulations.

ЛЮДСЬКИЙ РОЗВИТОК ЯК ОСНОВА СТРАТЕГІЧНИХ ПЕРЕТВОРЕНЬ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ

The article reveals the importance of human development for successful strategic management of economic systems. The article implements the goal of studying the components of the development of the socioeconomic system and substantiating the feasibility of ensuring the adequacy of strategic and, accordingly, tactical tasks of human development with the strategic tasks of the development of the Transcarpathian region. The study showed that the strategic management of the regional economic system and its human component is based on four stages, for components, which include the definition of the development goal, the outline of strategic tasks, strategic planning and the implementation of the strategy and strategic plan. At the same time, each stage of strategic management of the entire system is adequate to the stages of strategic management of human potential. The proposed goal of human development of the regional economy, which determines the main strategic tasks: the formation of a culture of development and education of the needs of development and learning throughout life. The combination of these two tasks leads to the formation of an innovative and ecologically oriented economy. It is recommended that it is advisable to move from the level of strategic tasks to the level of strategic planning, to the level of developing plans within which the specified tasks will be implemented. The strategic plan is similar to the plan of current actions and may include a) a specific measure aimed at solving the task (including the task of human development); b) the mechanism of implementation of planned actions (including human development); c) terms; d) responsible structures; e) budget. The proposed comparative correspondence of the strategic tasks of qualitative transformations of the regional economy to the strategic tasks and tasks of the tactics of human potential development.

Применение метода распознавания именованных сущностей в сфере информационных технологий для анализа задач по разработке программного обеспечения

Explores the application of the Named Entity Recognition method to analyze software development tasks. It describes the main methods of labor-intensive analysis of IT companies, as well as NER technologies, libraries and frameworks such as SpaCy, DeepPavlov, Natasha and Pullenti, which can be used for extracting information about named entities from text data in Russian. This article offers useful resources and approaches for analyzing development tasks, which helps to improve planning, project management and reduce development time.

Prospects for the use of advanced computer modeling systems in planning geological and technical activities

In this paper, the authors conducted a theoretical study devoted to assessing the prospects for using modern computer modeling systems to solve one of the key tasks of oil field development – planning effective geological and technical measures. At the moment, operations to increase the productivity of wells play a crucial role in achieving project targets for the extraction and rational use of natural resources. Significant interest in digital support of geological and technical activities is due to the increase in the number of software and hardware complexes used in the field of oil production and the positive results of their application. Using the example of repair and insulation works, the methodology of developing a system that allows reasonably selecting candidate wells based on the analysis of geological and field data is presented. The conclusion is made about the most important factors influencing the effectiveness of geological and technical measures.

PROSPECTS AND CURRENT TRENDS IN IMPROVING PLANT LEGISLATION

This article analyzes concepts aimed at regulating flora and the specific experience of foreign countries. At the same time, the impact of digitalization and the development of artificial intelligence on flora legislation and its future prospects is scientifically discussed. The current state of legislation, scientific and theoretical opinions of scientists, and issues of improving legislation in this area were also studied in detail. Theoretical and legal aspects of implementing the tasks of biodiversity conservation and sustainable development, the importance of information and communication technologies in the regulation of flora, the need for zoning for the protection of flora, and legal aspects of ensuring biological safety are considered. Within the framework of the digital economy, opinions were expressed on the legal aspects of the introduction of modern and advanced information and communication technologies in the field of protection and use of flora, as well as issues of organizing a regulatory consortium through artificial intelligence. The application of legal (criminal and administrative) measures of responsibility for encroachment on objects of flora in legislation and scientific and practical conclusions in comparison with foreign experience are presented. In addition, the author’s conclusions about existing problems and their solutions in legislation on the protection of flora objects are presented.

Water Economy Resources as a Geopolitical Asset of the EAEU Countries and the Formation of Sovereign Development Strategies

Water is a vital resource for all mankind. Its resources can both accelerate and limit the social development and technological progress of any society, can be the cause of both prosperity and poverty, can lead to both cooperation and conflicts on a local, regional or global scale. The article is devoted to the problem of joint exploitation of water resources. Their fair distribution in the Central Asian region is relevant, requires coordinated approaches and the creation of joint roadmaps. They could diversify emerging risks by creating favorable conditions for the accelerated development of all Central Asian countries and building a unified infrastructure for energy exchange and water use, taking into account the interests of the world’s main regulators of the scientific and technological process, who have historical claims to the dominance and assimilation of some parts of the economy in the national economies of Central Asian countries. The opportunity not to fall under the institutions of global governance will help to create conditions for local national elites not to lose their sovereignty and fulfill the tasks of sustainable technological development of Central Asian industries in a situation of digital transformation and post-crisis recovery.

ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЕ МИРОВЫЕ ТОРГОВО - ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ - ПРЕДПОСЫЛКИ К РЕИНЖИНИРИНГУ ТРАНСНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКИХ КОММУНИКАЦИЙ РОССИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВОСТОЧНОГО ПОЛИГОНА)

The article deals with topical issues of the modern national and transnational system of movement of goods and cargoes. Using the example of transportation of general raw materials along the Siberia - Far East latitudinal route, options for creating alternative cargo distribution hubs with a system of meridian corridors are proposed. Attempts have been made to integrate the tasks of stra-tegic development of the country's transport complex until 2030 with the tasks of economic diversification of the domestic economy and redistribution of commodity logistics.