Experimental studies of air ozonization influence on pollutants emission in vortex ignition-stabilizing modules of gas turbine combustion chambers

Abstract

Reduction of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere is an urgent task of modern gas turbine engineering development. Such substances that have a negative impact on the environment include nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. The article provides a review of the existing methods for reducing the emissions of pollutants used in the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in the combustion chambers of gas turbine units, as well as indicates promising technologies developed based on these methods. Justification is presented of the necessity to study the method of ozonization of air supplied to the fuel combustion zone to reduce the content of pollutants in its combustion products. The purpose of the study was to develop recommendations for reducing pollutant emissions within a given range of variations regime parameters. To perform the necessary set of experimental studies, a specialized laboratory stand was created, the combined circuit and measurement scheme of which is given in the article. A rather detailed description is given of the structural elements of the stand and, in particular, of the subject of research — a full-scale vortex ignitionstabilizing module of the combustion chamber of a gas turbine unit, an electric ozonator, air and combustible gas supply systems, an exhaust system with a central fan, control and measuring instruments and fittings. The tests were carried out in accordance with specially developed methods of controlling the stand operation in three modes: startup; transfer from one steady-state mode to another; stop. The influence of air ozonization on combustion processes in the vortex ignition-stabilizing module was determined by the content of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in it. The factors that influence the decrease in the concentration of carbon monoxide in the combustion products during the combustion of air in ozonized air have been determined. The methods of calculation determination of combustible gas and air parameters — mass flow rates, flow velocities and dynamic heads — are described. The results of the performed experimental studies are presented in graphical interpretation, their detailed analysis is given, on the basis of which recommendations on practical use of the method of air ozonization are given.