Target State Research Articles

Exploring carbon source related localization and phosphorylation in the Snf1/Mig1 network using population and single cell-based approaches.

The AMPK/SNF1 pathway governs energy balance in eukaryotic cells, notably influencing glucose de-repression. In S. cerevisiae, Snf1 is phosphorylated and hence activated upon glucose depletion. This activation is required but is not sufficient for mediating glucose de-repression, indicating further glucose-dependent regulation mechanisms. Employing fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) in conjunction with non-linear mixed effects modelling, we explore the spatial dynamics of Snf1 as well as the relationship between Snf1 phosphorylation and its target Mig1 controlled by hexose sugars. Our results suggest that inactivation of Snf1 modulates Mig1 localization and that the kinetic of Snf1 localization to the nucleus is modulated by the presence of non-fermentable carbon sources. Our data offer insight into the true complexity of regulation of this central signaling pathway in orchestrating cellular responses to fluctuating environmental cues. These insights not only expand our understanding of glucose homeostasis but also pave the way for further studies evaluating the importance of Snf1 localization in relation to its phosphorylation state and regulation of downstream targets.

Method for assessing the state of targets and indicators in the road safety system

The method for assessing the state of target indicators and indicators in the road safety system discussed in the article is aimed at taking into account the full set of elements and their connections, indicators and indicators. The need for a systematic approach to reveal the integrity of system elements and target indicators and indicators is substantiated. Statistical information on indicators and indicators in the road safety system has been systematized, and the need to evaluate the criteria of the studied road safety process — "assessment of the state of road safety" — has been substantiated. To determine the causes of road accidents and predict the risk of road accidents, the boundaries of the system under study, meters of system objects, subsystems were determined, and target indicators and indicators in the road safety system were taken into account. Keywords road safety, systems approach, complex system, zero mortality, traffic accident, indicators, indicators

Communication-Aided Target State Estimation in a Cooperative Radar-Communication System

Communication-Aided Target State Estimation in a Cooperative Radar-Communication System

Minimum-Cost State-Flipped Control for Reachability of Boolean Control Networks Using Reinforcement Learning.

This article proposes model-free reinforcement learning methods for minimum-cost state-flipped control in Boolean control networks (BCNs). We tackle two questions: 1) finding the flipping kernel, namely, the flip set with the smallest cardinality ensuring reachability and 2) deriving optimal policies to minimize the number of flipping actions for reachability based on the obtained flipping kernel. For Question 1), Q-learning's capability in determining reachability is demonstrated. To expedite convergence, we incorporate two improvements: 1) demonstrating that previously reachable states remain reachable after adding elements to the flip set, followed by employing transfer learning and 2) initiating each episode with special initial states whose reachability to the target state set are currently unknown. For Question 2), it is challenging to encapsulate the objective of simultaneously reducing control costs and satisfying terminal constraints exclusively through the reward function employed in the Q-learning framework. To bridge the gap, we propose a BCN-characteristics-based reward scheme and prove its optimality. Questions 1) and 2) with large-scale BCNs are addressed by employing small memory Q-learning, which reduces memory usage by only recording visited action-values. An upper bound on memory usage is provided to assess the algorithm's feasibility. To expedite convergence for Question 2) in large-scale BCNs, we introduce adaptive variable rewards based on the known maximum steps needed to reach the target state set without cycles. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methods is validated on both small-and large-scale BCNs.

Deep Predictive Model Learning With Parametric Bias: Handling Modeling Difficulties and Temporal Model Changes

When a robot executes a task, it is necessary to model the relationships among its body, target objects, tools, and environment and to control its body to realize the target state. However, it is difficult to model a relationship using classical methods if it is complex. In addition, when the relationship changes with time, it is necessary to deal with the temporal changes of the model. In this study, we have developed the Deep Predictive Model with Parametric Bias (DPMPB) as a more human-like adaptive intelligence to deal with these modeling difficulties and temporal model changes. We categorize and summarize the theory of the DPMPB and various task experiments on the actual robots and discuss the effectiveness of the DPMPB.

Tune-out wavelengths of Rydberg atoms

The atomic polarizability represents the response characteristics of atoms to externally applied electro-magnetic fields. The wavelength (or frequency) at which the dynamic polarizability of an atom is equal to zero is referred to as the tune-out wavelength (or frequency). Spectroscopy technology based on the tune-out effect has potential applications in quantum precision measurement, quantum computation and quantum communication. Related research topics include the measurement of fundamental physical constants and strong interactions. The tune-out wavelengths of atoms in low-lying states primarily fall within the optical band, where the theoretical calculations and experimental measurements have significant progress. However, for Rydberg atoms in highly excited states, theoretical calculations are challenging due to their high density of atomic states. The difficulty of experimental measurement arises from small splitting of adjacent atomic energy levels. In this paper, we demonstrate the tune-out wavelengths measurement for Rydberg atoms in a cesium vapor cell at room temperature. We utilize a two-photon cascade excitation to prepare Rydberg states and employ amplitude-modulation electromagnetically-induced transparency (AM-EIT) spectroscopy to measure the tune-out wavelength. By continuously scanning the microwave frequencies, we obtain AM-EIT signals of Rydberg atoms. At near-resonant microwave transition wavelengths, strong AM-EIT signals are observed due to microwave-atom coupling. Conversely, at tune-out wavelengths, the dynamically polarization-induced destructive interference in neighboring energy states occurs which leads to the weak AM-EIT signals. The AM-EIT provides a spectral resolution of about 10 MHz. We have developed a simplified three-level model to calculate the tune-out wavelength. The results of our theoretical calculations are consistent with the experimental findings within a range of ±90 MHz.

СОЗДАНИЕ ВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИИ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ КОМПАНИИ

In modern business, visualisation of business processes is becoming not only a trend, but also a necessity to improve operational efficiency and management quality. Creating a clear and understandable visualisation allows you to better understand the complex internal mechanisms of the company, identify weaknesses, optimise performance and improve communication within the organisation. In this article we will consider the key steps and methods of creating visualisation of business processes. As an example, let’s consider the activities of an energy company that has a huge number of internal business processes. The part of the equipment maintenance and repair process that relates to metrological support of measuring equipment was taken for the study. During the analysis of the company’s activity and metrology department in the field of maintenance and repair of equipment the work on reengineering of business processes was done and the target state of business processes after the implementation of the software product and ERP-system was presented. Visualisation of business processes, their description in BPMN notation with regard to re-engineering was carried out.

Optimum Waveform Selection for Target State Estimation in the Joint Radar-Communication System

Optimum Waveform Selection for Target State Estimation in the Joint Radar-Communication System

A many-body energy decomposition analysis (MB-EDA) scheme based on a target state optimization self-consistent field (TSO-SCF) method.

In this paper, we combine an energy decomposition analysis (EDA) scheme with many-body expansion (MBE) to develop a MB-EDA method to study the cooperative and anti-cooperative effects in molecular cluster systems. Based on the target state optimization self-consistent field (TSO-SCF) method, the intermolecular interaction energy can be decomposed into five chemically meaningful terms, i.e., electrostatic, exchange, polarization, charge transfer and dispersion interaction energies. MB-EDA can decompose each of these terms in MBE. This MB-EDA has been applied to 3 different cluster systems: water clusters, ionic liquid clusters, and acetonitrile-methane clusters. This reveals that electrostatic, exchange, and dispersion interactions are highly pairwise additive in all systems. In water and ionic liquid clusters, the many-body effects are significant in both polarization and charge transfer interactions, but are cooperative and anti-cooperative, respectively. For acetonitrile-methane clusters, which do not involve hydrogen bonds or charge-charge Coulombic interactions, the many-body effects are quite small. The chemical origins of different many-body effects are deeply analyzed. The MB-EDA method has been implemented in Qbics (https://qbics.info) and can be a useful tool for understanding the many-body behavior in molecular aggregates at the quantum chemical level of theory.

ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЕ И ПЕРЕОРИЕНТАЦИЯ ТОРГОВЫХ ПОТОКОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ САНКЦИОННОГО ДАВЛЕНИЯ

In the context of sanctions pressure on Russia, which began in 2014–2015 and significantly intensified in 2022, our country is faced with the need to develop effective strategies to counter sanctions. The trade war declared by the Western coalition and counter-sanctions from Russia predetermined the importance of searching for new formats of foreign economic activity. The main decisions to combat restrictive restrictions that undermine the foundations of Russia’s national security were the implementation of import substitution programs, as well as the reorientation of trade flows in conditions of compressed time resources. The article analyzes the implementation of strategies to counter sanctions: the results of implementing import substitution programs, strengthening trade and economic relations with existing trading partners, entering new markets, increasing export flows. The tasks are listed, the implementation of which will compensate for the losses of the Russian economy and ensure the further economic prospects of the country. The factors influencing the economic security of Russia under restrictive restrictions in the short and medium term have been identified. It is shown that in the modern conditions of the globalized world it turns out to be almost impossible to isolate the target state with the help of sanction pressure and exclude it from alternative markets for suppliers and borrowers of capital.

МЕТОДИКА АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ ПО ТЕХНИЧЕСКОМУ ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЮ И РЕМОНТУ ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ В ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ КОМПАНИИ

The article is devoted to the study of existing practices of business process reengineering project management, identification of factors affecting the success of project implementation, development of recommendations for improving business process reengineering project management. The article defines the criteria for controlling business processes, describes recommendations for the target state of business processes of the metrology department of the energy company, and describes the evaluation of the effectiveness of the implemented changes in the company’s business processes. In this article the methodology of automation of business processes for equipment maintenance and repair in the energy company is considered in detail.

ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGIME OF THE NORTHERN DELIVERY AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTH AND THE ARCTIC ZONE OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The relevance of the issue studied in the article lies in the fact that ensuring the sustainable development of the North and the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (hereinafter also referred to as the Russian Arctic) is a priority direction of modern state policy. One of the factors ensuring the stability and sustainability of the development of the North and the Russian Arctic is northern deliveries. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legal regulation of northern imports, characterize its role in order to ensure the sustainable development of the North and the Russian Arctic. To conduct the research, the comparative legal method, the formal legal method, the historical method, analysis, synthesis, and logical methods were used. The article examines the legal and organizational foundations for the sustainable development of the North and the Russian Arctic, highlights its relationship with food security, and notes the positive experience of Canada in the process of legal regulation of the target state of the Arctic part of the country - sustainable development. The sustainable development of the North and the Russian Arctic is considered in the article mainly within the framework of its socio-economic aspect. As a result of the study, conclusions were drawn that the development of legal regulation of northern imports is one of the factors in the sustainable development of the North and Arctic of Russian Federation.

ASSESSMENT OF FOOD SECURITY STATUS AND COPING STRATEGIES AMONG THREE NORTHERN STATES OF SASAKAWA AFRICA ASSOCIATION, NIGERIA PROJECT

The study was conducted in three (3) Sasakawa Africa Association target states of Gombe, Jigawa and Kano, Northern region of Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed for the survey. Three states were purposively selected been the project states for the Agro-processing Enterprise Centre Models (AECM). Three Local Government Areas each were also purposively selected in Jigawa and Kano and four LGAs were purposively selected in Gombe being the LGAs were AECM were implemented. All the communities in each of the selected LGAs where the centre model is implemented were considered. An online sampling calculator was used to arrive at a total sample size of three hundred respondents (300 respondents) in which 100 respondents were randomly selected from among each of the selected three states. Results of the analysis showed that Food utilization of households across the three states were generally acceptable as revealed by the FCSs. On the average 98.7% of the households in the project area were analyzed to be at the acceptable stage (with acceptable FCS >35) in terms of food security level, while the food utilization by households using their HDDS, respondents in the project area were low dietary diverse in their consumption as 61.8% have HDDS of between 1-4, only about 5.3% of the household had the highest HDDS of 9-12 and 32.9% of the household had medium diversity score of 5-8. The most practiced coping strategies were relying on less preferred foods (5.61%), purchasing food on credit (5.61%), restricting consumption by adult (3.3%), borrow food/relying on help (2.64%) and reduced volume at meal times (2.31%) among others. The study concludes that there is high rate of adoption of innovations which has affected yield and food security of the beneficiaries, however households in the project had low HDDS value, it is recommended that capacity building on food fortification and utilization be given to beneficiary farmers in the project area.

Generating superpositions of quantum states via a beam splitter with position measurement

We use the quadrature measurement to generate the novel nonclassical states via the beam splitter with two input states, i.e., a Fock state and a vacuum state. It is interesting to find that the desired target states are the Hermite polynomial excited vacuum states. Our results have shown that the zero-position detection for the position detector, the little photon number in the input state, and the high transmittance of the beam splitter (BS) are beneficial to improve the detection efficiency of finding the output states. The proposed states quantum statistical properties and squeezing effects are also studied in detail via different criteria. Our numerical analysis demonstrates that the output quantum states are new nonclassical states. Compared with the method of photon catalysis, position detection is easier to realize in experiments. Therefore, the results in this paper shall provide theoretical support for the experimental generation of several new nonclassical states.

Comparison of Multiple Models in Decentralized Target Estimation by a UAV Swarm

The decentralized estimation and tracking of a mobile target performed by a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is studied in this work. A flocking protocol is used for maintaining a collision-free formation, while a decentralized extended Kalman filter in the information form is employed to provide an estimate of the target state. In the prediction step of the filter, we adopt and compare three different models for the target motion with increasing levels of complexity, namely, a constant velocity (CV), a constant turn (CT), and a full-state (FS) model. Software-in-the-loop (SITL) simulations are conducted in ROS/Gazebo to compare the performance of the three models. The coupling between the formation and estimation tasks is evaluated since the tracking task is affected by the outcome of the estimation process.

Optimized Fixed-Time Synergetic Controller via a modified Salp Swarm Algorithm for Acute and Chronic HBV Transmission System

In this paper, we propose a Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) Optimized Fixed-Time Synergetic Control (FTSC) strategy for the spread of hepatitis B infection. The utilization of the SSA optimization algorithm for optimizing the Synergetic Control (SC) fraction parameters presents a non-trivial challenge due to the restriction that only odd numbers can be used for the fractional power. Therefore, an enhanced and adapted version of the SSA algorithm is proposed to effectively address this specific scenario. Our strategic approach centers on the reduction of susceptible, acutely infected, and chronically infected individuals by employing control parameters like isolation, treatment, and vaccination. The objective is to drive these target state variables to their smallest values in a fixed-time, thereby effectively controlling the epidemic. We support our proposal with numerical simulations to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the control strategy. A comparison is conducted between FTSC and SC in scenarios with and without optimization. The results indicated that FTSC holds a distinct advantage, consistently demonstrating significant progress, with up to 30\% reduction in the total convergence time to zero, outperforming SC in each case.

Can Arms Embargoes Stop the Weapon Transfers to Target States? An Exploratory Meta-Analysis

ABSTRACT This study performs a meta-regression analysis of studies examining the efficacy of arms embargoes in stopping weapons transfers to target countries. Based on the existing body of literature, the effectiveness of arms embargoes remains a subject of debate, contingent on both the rigorous enforcement of the embargo by the sender and the embargo-busting practices of exporting countries. Drawing upon a dataset comprising over 150 estimates, the findings of this analysis suggest that there is only a weak, yet statistically significant, negative impact of arms embargoes on arms transfers to target states. This result implies that, on average, arms embargoes are only successful to a limited extent in impeding or reducing the arms trade with these nations. However, the findings also demonstrate that there is substantial heterogeneity in the embargo effect reported across the primary studies, indicating that certain embargoes still exhibit strong efficacy. Specifically, comprehensive obligatory arms embargoes that are imposed by multiple senders substantially reduce the major conventional arms transfers to target states, particularly within the first year of their imposition.

Traveling Salesman Problem of optimal debris removal sequence using non-population gradient search

A new approach for debris removal sequence optimization with multiple spacecraft is developed and tested. The motion planning of the multiple rendezvous involves complex Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) combinatorial decision, in which both the continuous parameters of the orbital maneuvers and integer indices of the debris are determined. Expected value and variance of trajectory conditioned on preceding visit, not the state of target itself, are propagated and analyzed. With the metric, likelihood of expected trajectory can be given, and the mixed integer problem is reformulated into continuous parameter estimation with maximum likelihood. A non-population gradient based optimizer is then used to search the target sequence. The method of TSP optimization is compared to the continuous parameter estimator of Extended Kalman Filter. Using this method, the classic static TSP-LIB benchmarks with up to 100 nodes are tested. We then extend the method to the TSP with space dynamics. Effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method are tested by a sequential visit of near-earth debris considering J2 effects with a single and multiple spacecrafts.

Mathematical modeling of the regional budget formation procedure

The regional budget is a key element of the regional financial system. According to budget legislation, the formation of the budget of the subject of the Russian Federation is carried out by state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in accordance with the requirements established by the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, as well as the laws of the subject of the Russian Federation and other regulatory documents adopted in accordance with it. The procedure for forming a regional budget is quite well regulated, but poorly formalized. It should be noted that budget planning tactics and strategy differ significantly, since long-term goals are set on the basis of the development of strategic plans. The purpose of this study is to implement an approach to the formation of the regional budget according to the optimal structure. The uniqueness of the concept lies in the development of the target vector and positioning of budget planning as a Bayesian process. The criterion of optimality is the location of a multidimensional point expressing the composition of the budget on a straight line reflecting the target vector. Such an approach in relation to the procedure for the formation of the regional budget has not been considered before. The solution to this problem involves the formation of a target vector for both its revenue and expenditure parts. The methodological tools used in the work are classical methods of analytical geometry and an algorithm for forming a regional budget. To increase the adequacy of the results when modeling the regional budget, it is advisable to add the condition that the random process belongs to the Bayesian type, then, in addition to the obtained values, the share of the item in the regional budget is also taken into account. The Bayesian process takes into account conditional probabilities. In this work, the relative measure of achievement of each budget item of the target state in the base period acts as conditional probabilities. The article uses an illustrative example to show the use of the proposed methodological approach for the formation of an optimal regional budget within the framework of revenue and expenditure parts for items approved by Russian legislation. The construction and analysis of a regional budget allows us to take a new approach to solving this problem, and most importantly, to create an optimal budget while saving intellectual and time costs for participants in the budget process. The results of mathematical modeling of the regional budget are presented in the form of an algorithm, which makes it possible to consolidate the relevant procedures for calculating the revenue and expenditure parts of the budget in regulatory documents (at the federal and/or regional level) for their further use in the budget process.

Features and perspectives of application of the rapidly exploring random tree method for motion planning of autonomous robotic manipulators

Objectives. The work analyzes features of one of the most promising approaches to solve the problems for motion planning of autonomous robotic manipulators of various types and purposes using the rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) method. The development of modern robotics is shown to be inextricably linked with the improvement of the designs of the created samples, for which the placement of a manipulator on platform becomes a typical layout option. Prospects for using the RRT method as a constructive basis for creating a universal motion planner are evaluated for mobile and robotic manipulators, including autonomous robotic systems with a manipulator on a moving platform.Methods. The object of the research is the RRT method and its well-known modifications RRT* and RRT-Connect. The effectiveness of applying such methods for solving problems associated with planning the motions of robotic manipulators of various types was evaluated using computer and natural simulation methods.Results. Based on a review of the literature and the results of the research, the wide possibilities of the RRT method can be used for solving motion planning problems not only for mobile and robotic manipulators, but also for robotic systems on whose transport platform an onboard manipulator has been installed (including those having a redundant or reconfigurable structure). The effectiveness of the applied application of the RRT method is confirmed by examples of modeling a mobile platform with an onboard manipulator and the results of full-scale experiments with a prototype of the ARAKS reconfigurable mechatronic-modular robotic manipulators (RTU MIREA, Russia). It can be experimentally demonstrated and theoretically substantiated that the final dimension of the exploring tree, and hence the time of its construction up to reaching a given target state, is largely determined by the value of the growth factor.Conclusions. The generalization of the results obtained opens up real prospects for using the RRT method as a constructive basis not only for creating universal means for motion planning mobile robotic systems with an onboard manipulator, but also for solving the problems of automating the docking of autonomous mobile platforms.