Taekwondo Instructors Research Articles

Evaluation of Core Stability and Foot Kinematics of Taekwondo Athletes

To score in taekwondo competition requires faster kicking. Among the factors that influence kicking velocity, core stability is important, but the relationship between core stability and kicking velocity in taekwondo is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between core stability and foot segmental COM velocity at the moment of kick. A total of 13 taekwondo instructors (gender: male, height: 172.6±7.3 cm, weight: 64.3±11.78 kg, age: 29±4 years) participated in this study. The center of mass velocity of the left foot segment at the moment of the kick and the level of core stability was measured using the Sahrmann core stability test. During the Naraechagi, the velocity of the foot segment COM relative to the laboratory origin at the moment of the aerial phase kick was positively correlated in the forward and backward directions X-axis. Moderate correlation in the left and right direction Z-axis. Very strong correlation in the up and down direction Y-axis. Through the current experiment, we found a strong correlation between core stability and kicking speed in the forward and backward and up and down directions. Therefore, we believe that adding core stability training to taekwondo training has the potential to increase kicking speed.

청소년의 통합적 태권도 수련프로그램 만족도가 자기효능감 및 운동지속에 미치는 영향

This study aims at examining the effects of satisfaction with an integrated Taekwondo training program on self-efficacy and exercise adherence factors among trainees practicing in a Taekwondo gym. For this, the survey was conducted to 449 elementary, middle, and high school students who practice Taekwondo. For the validation of this study, SPSS/Windows 22.0 program was used to verify the research model and analyze the influence relationship between variables according to the research hypothesis, and the results of the study are as follows. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between practice satisfaction, self-efficacy and exercise adherence factors. First, practice satisfaction was found to have a positive effect on self-efficacy. Second, practice satisfaction showed to have a positive effect on exercise adherence. In conclusion, since satisfaction with an integrated Taekwondo training program has positive influences on self-efficacy and exercise adherence factors, Taekwondo instructors should plan and present more specific and diverse programs to increase self-efficacy and maximize exercise adherence.

태권도 사범들의 직무스트레스와 직무만족의 관계에서 회복탄력성의 조절효과

This study aims to clarify the causal relationship between job stress and job satisfaction among Taekwondo instructors, with a focus on the moderating effect of resilience. Based on the results verifying the set research hypotheses, the study concludes that the negative impact of job stress on job satisfaction among Taekwondo instructors can be mitigated depending on their level of resilience. Furthermore, the findings suggest that Taekwondo Gym directors should make significant efforts to enhance the psychological resilience of their instructors against job stress by applying effective leadership tailored to their characteristics, emphasizing the significant role of gym directors in enhancing resilience.

Examining the Ethical Leadership of Taekwondo Instructors : Focusing on Tao Te Ching

PURPOSE The ethical leadership of Taekwondo instructors plays a crucial role in enhancing the value of Taekwondo. Therefore, this study explores the elements of ethical leadership among Taekwondo instructors by drawing on the insights from Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching.METHODS Through the Tao Te Ching, an oriental classic containing the ideas of Lao Tzu, we have extracted and discussed the elements of ethical leadership that Lao Tzu conveys to Taekwondo leaders in this era.RESULTS The ethical leadership of taekwondo leaders in the Tao Te Ching was presented as the virtues of inaction and humility as behavioral norms. Inaction as a code of conduct was discussed about a leader who practices inaction in a changing world through subjective thought rather than a meaningful Taekwondo leader who leads Taekwondo with an existing pattern and looks at ethics. A Taekwondo instructor must possess the virtue of humility. A Taekwondo instructor with humility must be glazed, soft, and humble as water.CONCLUSIONS In a Taekwondo culture that follows the Confucian ideology of extreme austerity, Lao Tzu's ethic of non-action and the virtue of humility can be like wearing an ill-fitting robe. However, standing on the edge, outside the frame of reference of the ideologies and values we have come to believe in and follow, and seeing the world as it is, not as it should be, according to the laws of nature, provides a new discourse for Taekwondo philosophy.

학교 체육교과에서의 좋은 태권도수업을 위한 요인 탐색

The purpose of this study was to explore factors to Good Taekwondo Class in School Physical Education by using the Delphi technique. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, upper factors were derived through literature analysis. Based on this, in order to represent multiple interests and objectivity, the final sub-factors were deducted by performing Delphi analysis, targeting a total of 20 people, 5 people from each group, were divided into Taekwondo instructor, middle and high school P.E. teacher, professor and researcher and Taekwondo demonstration school student. The results drew the conclusions as follows. First, in the area of 'educational method', a total of five sub-factors were derived. Second, in the area of 'educational content', a total of three sub-factors were derived. Third, in the area of 'educational environment', a total of four sub-factors were derived. Fourth, in the area of 'educational evaluation', a total of four sub-factors were derived. Fifth, in the area of 'educational atmosphere', a total of four sub-factors were derived.

태권도장 지도자의 지도유형이 학부모행동에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to identify the importance of the Taekwondo instructors teaching styles and the specific relationship between the various variables constituting the parents' behavior, and to provide basic data to activate the Taekwondo gym and increase the educational effect. For the purpose of this study, a total of 500 copies of the questionnaire were collected, and 495 copies of the data were used for the actual result analysis. SPSS 26.0 was used as a data processing method. As a result of the analysis, first, the teaching directing type, positive compensation type, social support behavior type, and democratic behavior type had significant influence on parental satisfaction of parental behaviors. Second, teaching directing type had significant influence on loyalty of parental behaviors. Third, teaching directing type, positive compensation type, social support behavior type, and democratic behavior type had significant influence on adherence intention of parental behaviors. Fourth, teaching directing type, social support behavior type, and positive compensation type had significant influence on recommendation intention of parental behaviors.

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Teknik Dasar Taekwondo Menggunakan Animasi 3D Berbasis Android

Taekwondo, essentially a form of self-discipline and a martial art utilizing techniques with bare feet and hands, originated as a ceremonial practice in Korean culture. Over time, it transformed into a crucial self-defense system for Korean warriors. In the contemporary context, Taekwondo has become widely popular, attracting individuals eager to learn but hindered by a lack of foundational knowledge. The application developed in this study serves as a valuable resource for users to grasp the fundamental movements of Taekwondo, encompassing kicks, punches, stances, and techniques. This initiative aims to make the learning process more accessible, allowing individuals to engage with Taekwondo lessons conveniently at any time and from any location. The research involves a collaborative effort with a Taekwondo instructor affiliated with the State Polytechnic Lampung, ensuring the incorporation of authentic martial arts knowledge into the application.

The Effect of Taekwondo Instructor’s Authentic Leadership and Expertise Recognized by Upper Elementary School Students on Exercise Adherence and Coaching Efficiency

The Effect of Taekwondo Instructor’s Authentic Leadership and Expertise Recognized by Upper Elementary School Students on Exercise Adherence and Coaching Efficiency

ITF에서 WT 태권도로 전환 발전한 중국 태권도 초기 보급에 관한 고찰

This study aims to examine the meaning and phenomenological value of Taekwondo through the dissemination and development process of Taekwondo for the first time in Yanbian, China. The researcher actively utilized literature and oral data through interviews with people related to the early spread of Taekwondo in order to examine the dissemination and development of Taekwondo in the Yanbian region of China, where Taekwondo was founded centering on Choi Hong-hee's ITF Taekwondo and Kim Un-yong. In particular, through close interviews with Yanbian University professors who are closely related to the spread and development of Taekwondo in the Yanbian region of China, Taekwondo instructors in the Yanbian region, and Korean instructors from the WT, the situation of the transition and development of WT Taekwondo from the ITF led by North Korea in the early days was examined. In this way, the historical meaning of the first dissemination of WT Taekwondo in China after the 30th anniversary of diplomatic ties between Korea and China was investigated, and the sustainable development and sprea.

태권도 지도자 유형에 따른 여가만족 및 여가활동 제약에 대한 탐색적 분석 연구

Objectives This study was intended to provide basic data for improving work and QOL of Taekwondo leaders through an exploratory analysis of leisure satisfaction and leisure activity restrictions according to the types of Taekwondo instructors.
 Methods This study is a study on the leisure satisfaction and leisure activity constraints of Taekwondo instructors. Research subjects were selected through intentional sampling and 128 copies of data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical program. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted to measure validity and reliability, and t-test, one-way ANOVA, and correlation analysis were conducted for data processing.
 Results This study is a study on leisure satisfaction and leisure activity restrictions according to the type of Taekwondo instructor, and the results of the difference verification and correlation analysis between groups are as follows. First, as a result of verifying the difference according to the Taekwondo instruction target, the life sports group was found to be statistically (.05) higher than the group that combined life sports and elite sports in the personal restriction factor among the leisure activity constraints. Second, as a result of verifying the difference according to the Taekwondo instructor's career, there were statistically significant differences in social satisfaction, psychological satisfaction, and environmental satisfaction factors in leisure satisfaction factors, and personal constraints, facility and program constraints in leisure activity constraint factors. there was a statistically significant (.05) difference in the time constraint factor. Third, as a result of verifying the difference according to the teaching experience of Taekwondo instructors, there was no statistically significant difference (.05) only in the environmental satisfaction factor among leisure satisfaction factors. Fourth, as a result of correlation analysis of the influence of taekwondo instructors' leisure activity constraints on leisure satisfaction, personal constraints among leisure activity constraints were found in all factors of leisure satisfaction, and facility and program constraints were psychological factors and In the environmental factors, time constraints had a statistically significant (.05) effect on the physical satisfaction factors of leisure satisfaction, and social constraint factors on the psychological satisfaction factors of leisure satisfaction.
 Conclusions Based on this study, it is judged that there will be a continuous need for analysis and research on leisure types and leisure satisfaction according to age, player experience, teaching experience, and teaching subject of taekwondo instructors. It is also expected to have a positive impact psychologically, physically, and socially.

태권도장 사범의 관장지원인식과 직무만족의 관계에서 긍정심리자본의 매개효과 연구

This study aims to understand the mediating effect of positive psychological capital in the effect of Taekwondo instructor’s perception of director support on job satisfaction. The subjects of this study are teachers who can recognize and evaluate the support of the director who is currently working at the Taekwondo place for more than one year. These male and female taekwondo instructors were selected as a population, and 350 people were sampled using convenience sampling among the non-probability sampling methods, and the final 293 questionnaires were used. Based on the questions in Greenhaus, et. al. (1990), the scale of director support recognition was modified to suit the subject of this study and used as 5 questions. The scale of positive psychological capital was developed by Luthans, Youthsef, & Avolio (2004), and a total of 24 questions used by Lee and Choi (2009) were modified and used to suit the subject of this study. In addition, based on questions such as Spector et al. (2001), six questions used by Yoon, et al. (2010) were modified and used to suit this study. For data processing, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability, and mediated regression analysis were performed using SPSS 24.0 Window Version. The findings are as follows. First, this study hypothesis I was adopted. Second, this study hypothesis II was rejected. Third, this study hypothesis III was adopted. Fourth, this research theory was adopted.

확장된 계획행동이론을 적용한 태권도지도자의 장애인식에 따른 지도 행동 예측

이 연구는 확장된 계획행동을 적용하여 태권도지도자의 장애인식에 따른 지도행동을 살펴보고자 장애인식과 확장된 계획행동 및 지도행동의 인과관계를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구의 목적을 위해 서울, 경기, 강원, 충청, 전라, 경상 지역의 태권도지도자들을 모집단으로 선정하여 288명을 대상으로 표본을 추출하였으며, 이 과정에서 사용된 조사도구는 선행연구를 근거로 한 설문지로서 연구의 목적에 맞게 수정 및 보완하여 사용하였다. 수집된 자료처리는 가설을 검증하기 위해 SPSS 23.0과 AMOS 23.0 프로그램을 활용하여 기술통계, 확인적 요인분석, 상관관계 분석, 구조방정식모형 검증을 실시하였으며, 이를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 태권도지도자의 장애인식은 확장된 계획행동의 변수로 설정한 태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동, 도덕적 의무감에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 태권도지도자의 장애인식은 지도행동에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 태권도지도자의 확장된 계획행동이론의 변수 중 도덕적 의무감만이 지도행동에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구의 결과를 통해 태권도지도자의 장애인식과 지도행동의 관계에서 도덕적 의무감은 행동예측을 설명하기 위한 중요한 변수임을 알 수 있었으며, 장애인식과 지도행동의 관계에 있어 확장된 계획행동의 적용은 태권도지도자들의 행동변화에 중요한 역할을 하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

중국태권도협회의 브랜드 자산, 브랜드 신뢰, 브랜드 컬트의 관계 : 서비스지향성의 조절효과

Purpose: This study would assess the relationships among the brand eqituy, brand trust, and brand cult of the Chinese Taekwondo Association perceived by Chinese Taekwondo instructors and investigates the moderating effect of organizational service orientation on thei mpact of brand equity on brand trust. This study aims to provide practical data that can grow up the Chinese Taekwondo Association through this.BR Method: A population was selected from the Chinese Taekwondo instruoctrs who belong to the Chinese Taekwondo Association, and for sampling, of the non-probabilit ysampling methods, the convenience sampling method was used, and a total of 203 copies were used in the final analysis. Utilizing JAMOVI 2.3, frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysi,s correlation analysis, descriptive statistical analysis , simple/multiple regression analysis, mediation effect analysis, and moderating effect analysis were conducted.BR Results: First, the brand equity of the Chinese Taekwondo Associationh ad a significantly positive (+) effect on brand trust. Second, the brand equity of the ChineseT aekwondo Association had a significantly positive (+) effect on the brand cult. Third, the brand trust fo the Chinese Taekwondo Association had a significantly positive (+) effect on the brand cult. Fourth, the brand trust had a significantly positive (+) mediating effect on the impact of the brand equity of the Chinese Taekwondo Association on the brand cult. Fifth, in the impact of the brand equity of the Chinese Taekwodno Association on brand trust, organizationalservice orientation did not have any significant moderating effect.BR Conclusion: Through these results, it is judged that the brand equity and the brand cult of the Chinese Taekwondo Association will increase when it prepares measures ofr developing popular Taekwondo by setting up various programs in connection to the projects set up by the General Administration of Sports of China and expanding projects to be supported by the association of each city and each province. In addition, in this process, the brand trust and organizational sercvei orientation of the Chinese Taekwondo Association will increase when it makes the process of implementation for all industries and programs transparent and satisfies members’ needs, providing friendly services.

Quality Analysis of Taekwondo Side Kick

<p>目的：本文針對跆拳道品勢側踢質量分析，探討品勢側踢關鍵特徵與專業教練評分之相關性以及其重要程度排序，並以此跆拳道側踢動作關鍵特徵，提供教練及選手客觀之依據，將有助於跆拳道品勢技能足技動作競技水準之提升。方法：本研究以臺北市立龍山國民中學以及國立臺灣師範大學品勢運動員為研究對象，共計10人，透過錄製運動員之側踢影像，研擬品勢側踢關鍵計有七項特徵，並分析品勢運動員在其側踢過程中，與教練評分之相關性和重要程度排序，最終針對結果進行整理及系統性分析。結果：共探討七項品勢側踢關鍵特徵，分析其與專業教練評分之相關性，根據相關性關鍵特徵重要程度依序為夾膝時與軀幹之夾角、收腳過程的平均速度、踢擊最高點至開始收腳的時間、踢擊最高點之持續時間、夾膝完成至踢擊最高點的加速過程、支撐腳腳根與腳尖之夾角、收腳過程軀幹與支撐腳之夾角。結論：一、研究顯示側踢品質主要以夾膝時與軀幹之夾角判定，與動作評分呈現高度相關性。二、在側踢關鍵特徵中，表明(1)當踢擊最高點至開始收腳的時間越長(2)收腳過程中，軀幹與支撐腳之夾角越小(3)收腳過程的平均速度越快(4)夾膝時與軀幹之夾角越小，教練對於側踢表現之評分越高。</p> <p> </p><p>Purpose: This paper examines the quality of the Side Kick in Taekwondo and investigates the correlation between the key characteristics of the Side Kick and the professional coach’s rating, as well as the ranking of their importance. Providing coaches and players with an objective basis from our analysis will help to raise the level of Poomsae competition in foot techniques. Method: In this study, a total of 10 athletes from Taipei Longshan National High School and National Taiwan Normal University participated as the subjects. Using the videos of the athletes’ side kicks, we analyzed the importance of the judges’ ratings during the side kick stance and provided a reference for coaches and athletes in training or competition. Finally, the results were collected and systematically analyzed. Results: Seven key features of the Side Kick were analyzed, in descending order of importance, as follows: the angle between the bent knee and the torso, the average speed from the recovery process, the time between the highest point of the kick and the start of the leg retraction, the duration of the highest point of the kick, the acceleration between the completion of the knee clinch and the highest point of the kick, the angle between the heel and tiptoe of the supporting foot, and the angle between the torso and the supporting foot during the recovery process. Conclusion: 1. Research has shown that Taekwondo instructors mainly judge the quality of a Side Kick by the angle between the knee and the torso, which shows a high correlation with movement scores. 2. Among the seven key characteristics of the Side Kick, it shows that the following four characteristics will result in a higher score of the performance for the Side Kick: (1) the longer time between the highest point of the kick and the start of the recovery; (2) the smaller the angle between the torso and the supporting foot; (3) the faster the average speed of the recovery; and (4) the smaller the angle between the torso and the knee during the recovery.</p> <p> </p>

Relationship among Job environment, Job engagement and Presenteeism of Elite Taekwondo Instructor

The purpose of this study is to investigate the causal relationship between management orientation and management performance by combining the crisis communication strategy of Taekwondo managers with SNS. A total of 193 samples were sampled from January 3 to February 25, 2022 for Taekwondo managers located in the Chungcheong area, frequency analysis confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structural model were performed through SPSS and AMOS. First, hypotheses 1-3 were adopted as the risk communication strategy had a positive (+) effect on management orientation. Second, Hypothesis 2 was adopted as that management orientation has a positive (+) effect on management performance. Third, crisis communication strategy was found to have a positive (+) effect on business performance. Therefore, Hypothesis 3-1, 3 were adopted. The characteristics of SNS were revealed through the research results in that they can derive meaningful results in a crisis situation.

Relationship among Job environment, Job engagement and Presenteeism of Elite Taekwondo Instructor

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship among job environment, job engagement and presenteeism of elite taekwondo instructor. To this end, data from 250 elite taekwondo instructors registered with the korea taekwondo association were collected. however 14 of the collected data were excluded due to inconsistent responses. Therefore, the data of 236 elite taekwondo instructor was used for a final analysis. For the collected data, descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation analysis were using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. The following results. First, It was found that the job environment of elite taekwondo instructors had a positive (+) significant effect on job enthusiasm. second, It was found that the job environment of elite taekwondo instructors had a negative(-)significant effect on presenteeism. Third, It was found that the job engagement of elite taekwondo instructors had a negative (-) significant effect on presentism.

Reflection on and Alternatives to Taekwondo Gym Violence

The purpose of this study is to examine the reflection on violence necessary for Taekwondo leaders through the structure of violence and Johan Galtung s theory of peace, and to suggest alternatives to Taekwondo violence through Kant s categorical imperative. Through literature study, reflection and alternatives to Taekwondo (sexual) violence are suggested. The structure of violence in the Ttaekwondo field was reflected on the banality of evil suggested by Hannah Arendt, and the ‘Banality of Evil’ of (sexual) violence, an unethical act of the Taekwondo instructor, is the ability to think because it comes from ‘Sheer Thoughtlessness’. and reflective thinking are required. Also, through the types of violence and the theory of peace of pacifist Johan Galtung, he emphasized the need for education on the prevention of violence by the state and taekwondo institutions in terms of social ethics as well as personal ethical efforts in the field of Taekwondo. As an alternative to (sexual) violence in the field of Taekwondo, the categorical imperative proposed by Kant was presented as the leader s practice code. He proposed that through the human nature formulation and universalization formulation, human beings are treated as ends rather than as means, and (gender) violence could be eradicated when the maxims of a leader s behavior are acted in accordance with universal laws.

The Relationship between Support for Autonomy of Youth Taekwondo Instructors, Burnout and Sports Moral Behavior of Athletes

The purpose of this study was to investigate the The relationship between support for autonomy of youth Taekwondo instructors, burnout and sports moral behavior of athletes. To this end, Taekwondo athletes registered by the Korea Taekwondo Association selected as a population, a survey was conducted on 280 youth Taekwondo athletes living in Gyeonggi, Daejeon, Jeonnam, and Gwangju for about six months from September 2020 to March 2021. Among them, 277 data were used for the final analysis after excluding the data of 3 athletes whose response information was omitted. As a result of this study, first, autonomy support had a negative effect (-) on burnout. Second, autonomy support had a positive effect (+) on team prosocial behavior, opponent prosocial behavior, and opponent antisocial behavior. Third, burnout had a negative effect (-) on opponent prosocial behavior, while had a positive effect (+) on team antisocial behavior and opponent antisocial behavior. Based on the above results, this study identified the relationship of perceived autonomy support, burnout, and Sport moral behavior.

장애인 태권도지도자의 공정성이 선수들의 믿음신뢰 및 훈련지속의사에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the fairness of the disabled Taekwondo instructors on the trustworthiness of athletes and training continuity. The subjects of this study were 394 students with disabilities learning Taekwondo located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Gyeongnam, Jeonnam and Busan as the population. The secured questionnaire was used as analysis data after validation and reliability were verified. As a result of the analysis, first, the sub-factors of leader fairness were interaction fairness (t=7.025, p.001), distribution fairness (t=2.412, p.05), procedural fairness (t=4.358, p.001), were all shown to be variables affecting belief and trust. Second, interaction fairness (t=3.343, p.001) and distributive fairness (t=3.156, p.01), which are sub-factors of leader fairness, were all shown to be variables affecting the intention to continue training. Third, belief and trust were found to be a variable affecting the intention to continue training (t=10.287, p.001).

Impact of Taekwondo Instructor's Guidance Tendency on Player Satisfaction: Focusing on Safety Education

본 연구에서는 태권도 지도자의 지도성향(안전교육)이 선수 만족에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위한 연구이다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 지도자들은 우선 태권도에서 안전교육을 통해 태권도 활동에서 발생 가능한 사고를 사전에 예방하거나 대처하는 방법을 선수들에게 제공하며, 연구 결과를 통해 지도자들에게 선수들의 효율적인 지도방안을 모색 후 기초 자료 를 제공하고자 한다. 이 연구의 대상은 2020년 고등학교 선수들을 모집단으로 설정하였다. 총 230부 중 분석자료로 부적 합하다고 판단된 25부를 제외한 205부를 최종분석에 사용하였다. 자료처리는 SPSS Version 21.0,AMOS Version 18.0을 활용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, 확인적 요인분석, 상관관계분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 자료처리에 따른 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 태권도지도자의 지도성향(안전교육) 중 부정적지도성향을 제외한 긍정적, 기술적, 안전 교육적 지도성향은 선수만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 태권도지도자의 지도성향(안전교육)은 긍정적, 기술적, 안전교육적 지도성향은 각 선수구성원간의 경기력향상에 도움이 되어 선수만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 이상의 결과 를 종합하면, 지도성향(안전교육)에 따른 태권도선수들의 만족도가 높아지는 결과를 지속적으로 유지하기 위해서 태권 도 지도자는 선수들에게 자신 안전교육을 통한 새로운 시각과 사고방식을 가지도록 유도해야한다. 이는 곧 선수만족의 결과를 높일 수 있으며 결과적으로 우수한 경기결과를 수행하는 시발점이 될 것이다.