Students Of Educational Organizations Research Articles

ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ ВОСПИТАНИЕ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ МВД РОССИИ

The article examines the problems of the pedagogical component of professional education in the framework of training at the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The purpose of the work is to determine the optimal scenario for the teacher's work aimed at professional development and self-determination, i.e. which means and methods of education, as well as organizational forms of classes, should be used in teacher–student interaction in order to achieve the set goal - the formation of a high level of development of professional and moral qualities of students. 102 cadets of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia aged from 19 to 21 years took part in the study. The sample consisted of 33 boys and 69 girls. The questionnaire consisted of 9 questions, assuming open detailed answers. The results were processed using content analysis. The cadets express their opinion on the mutual influence of the teacher-student on the learning process, noting also the personal characteristics of the students, which may hinder the perception of information, the formation of professional self-identification and the development of professionally oriented thinking, and the content component of the discipline taught. The importance of the discipline "Professional education of students in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia", according to the cadets, is due to the applied importance of the information received in the classroom, which is necessary both in future professional activities and for the formation of skills of interaction with classmates and permanent staff, as well as a more in-depth study of official etiquette and professional ethics, which is also relevant in the process of adaptation to the conditions of study in a departmental educational organization. According to the cadets, the most effective forms and methods of conducting classes are those that involve a creative approach to completing tasks, business games, watching movies, and field trips to territorial authorities.

PSYCHOLOGICAL REASONS FOR GADGETS DEPENDENCE AND OVERCOMING STRATEGIES

This study was conducted at the request of educational psychologists from educational organizations and was devoted to study the psychological reasons for schoolchildren’s dependence on gadgets. The study identified factors that precede students’ gadget addictions, and then analyzed overcoming psychological mechanisms. Active methods of the psychological service system of secondary schools were classified into three groups: strategies for relaxation, regulation and strengthening of the nervous system of students (rebirthing and meditation); strategies for mobilizing children to activity through play therapy, art therapy and neurographic algorithms; strategies that promote the development of awareness and responsibility (coaching technologies, psychoanalytic techniques, genesis therapy). The results of the study and recommendations for overcoming gadget addiction among students of educational organizations were tested at a scientific and practical conference among educational psychologists of the Zhambyl region and the city of Taraz and also discussed on social networks Instagram, Facebook.

Interpretation of digitalization indicators of the Russian system of general education

The article analyzes digitalization indicators of the Russian general education system provided by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System (EMISS), as well as data from a secondary analysis of the results of the sociological survey “Teenagers 360°” (within the framework of the strategic program “Teenagers Russia” of the Commissioner for Children’s Rights under the President of the Russian Federation) and other sources. The following indicators are considered as indicators: the indicator of the use of special software tools available to students in educational organizations; the number of students using e-learning and distance learning technologies; the number of students in organizations engaged in educational activities under additional general educational programs for children; the proportion of children attending additional educational classes; the purposes of using the Internet by children. Their dynamics over the past few years is traced. The interpretation of the digitalization impact on education is presented at the quantitative and qualitative levels. There are analyzed the opinions of specialists in the field of social and pedagogical sciences, teachers and physicians directly related to education and childhood on the digitalization impact on health, mental abilities, assimilation of knowledge and acquisition of craft and work skills. It is concluded that the excessive introduction of digital technologies in all sectors of domestic general education, including additional school education, can interfere with acquisition and systematization of basic knowledge and not contribute to upbringing of the younger generation in a traditional and moral way. Digital educational innovations are perhaps useful as additional educational tools, but only with a quality and serious content.

Practice-oriented model of prevention of destructive behavior of students in the process of formation of spiritual and moral culture

Introduction. The current, rapidly changing world is faced with global changes taking place in various spheres of human activity and bearing a spiritual, moral, ontological character. Insufficient level of spiritual and moral culture, uncertainty in the choice of life-meaning orientations, change of value attitudes, manifestation of egocentricity generates quasi-needs and destructive behavior among students. This is the reason for the problem of studying the prevention of destructive behavior of students, which has become particularly relevant. The purpose of the article is to test a practice–oriented model of prevention of destructive behavior of students in the process of formation of spiritual and moral culture (PDPO in the process of FDNA). Materials and methods. The study involved 287 5th grade students and 48 teachers of the educational organization of the city of Krasnodar (Russian Federation). The research methods are based on a rational combination of theoretical and experimental methods of studying objects corresponding to the set goals and objectives, aimed at determining the level of development of spiritual and moral qualities, the formation of vital functions in students, their value orientations and destructive manifestations (test «Value orientations» by M. Rokich; card «Spiritual and moral development of a student» by V.I. Andreev; diagnostic card of readiness of a student and a teacher to prevent destructive behavior in the process of forming a spiritual and moral culture by Yu.N. Sinitsyn; methodology for assessing the formation of vital functions, spiritual and moral development and destructive manifestations of a student by V.I. Andreev, Yu.N. Sinitsyn). The method of mathematical statistics is the Kramer-Welch T-test. Results. The analysis of the problem of preventing destructive behavior of students in the process of forming a spiritual and moral culture allowed us to develop and test a practice-oriented model of PDPO in the process of FDNA, which is based on objective and subjective pedagogical conditions, using integrative technology for preventing destructive behavior of students. As a result of the implementation: 1) a decrease in the level of destructive behavior of students by 60,7%, the effectiveness of experimental exposure is represented by changes in the difference in characteristics according to the coefficients ТEMP before = 0,009 and ТEMP after = 4,59; 2) an increase in the levels of vital functions by 12,1% (ТEMP before = 0,24, ТEMP after = 6,23), the formation of moral qualities in students by 13,2% (ТEMP before = 0,03, ТEMP after = 8,24), the readiness of students for PDPO in the FDNA process by 15,7% (ТEMP before = 0,45, ТEMP after = 8,15). Conclusion. The created practice-oriented model of PDPO in the process of FDNA allows to expand the understanding of the prevention of destructive behavior of students in the process of forming a spiritual and moral culture and can act as a prerequisite for: the development of network interaction of educational organizations in the systems of general and vocational education on this issue; the continuity of FDNA of students in educational organizations at all levels; conducting advanced training courses qualifications of teaching staff, parental training. Keywords: spiritual and moral culture, prevention of destructive behavior, students, conceptual model, pedagogical system, criteria and indicators of readiness for the prevention of destructive behavior, practical recommendations

Shooting competence of law enforcement officers as an indicator of their professionalism

The novelty of the problem considered in the article lies in the introduction of the concept of "shooting competence". The research methodology is implemented with the help of a structural-content analysis of scientific papers devoted to the topic of this study and a synthesis of the practical experience of police officers and regulatory legal acts on the research topic. The scope of the study lies in the fact that the proposed set of pedagogical conditions will increase the level of development of shooting competencies and, in general, the preparedness of employees for the use of weapons. Conclusions. A model of shooting competence has been created, which considers all the constituent components that a police officer must possess, who, on duty, can use firearms. The subject of the study is the shooting competence of employees of the internal affairs bodies. The object of the study is the professional training of employees of internal affairs bodies. The purpose of the work is to study the main psychological and pedagogical aspects of the formation of shooting competence among students in educational organizations of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in order to improve the learning process in professional training. The problem of insufficient knowledge of "shooting competence" is considered, which is interesting and relevant for the system of law enforcement structures in terms of the general professional training of employees of the internal affairs bodies. The problem of the formation of shooting competence meets the modern requirements for employees of internal organs more than ever.

Обеспечение профессионально-прикладной направленности подготовки слушателей образовательных организаций системы МВД России

Обеспечение профессионально-прикладной направленности подготовки слушателей образовательных организаций системы МВД России

ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ

The development of the digital society is characterized by the increasing processes of digital transformation of research activities in various fields, which makes it urgent to effectively organize the research activities of students for their assimilation into the digital economy in the future. Thus, the article actualizes the problem of research activities of students of educational institutions of higher education in modern realities; determines the circumstances of the research orientation of students' professional training; highlights the diverse studied aspects of research activities of students in educational organizations described in the works of various scientists, which determines the presence of a symbiosis of educational activities of students with research activities. Based on the experience of practical activity and research analysis, the tasks of the teacher for the organization of research activities of students, as well as types of research activities (educational and research activities and research activities) and their specifics in the organization are highlighted, depending on the chosen topic and the unit on the basis of which the research is conducted. The models of the organization of research activities of students in the conditions of choosing the format of the organization of the educational process are described. The qualities of the personality of students capable of carrying out independent research activities are formulated. It offers tools that facilitate experiments and means of communication between teachers and students.

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ НАЛОГОВОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ И ГРАМОТНОСТИ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ И СТУДЕНТОВ: ОБУЧЕНИЕ И ПОДДЕРЖКА НА БАЗЕ ОПЫТА ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЙ НАЛОГОВОЙ СЛУЖБЫ РОССИИ

The article discusses topical issues of the development of tax literacy and tax culture, analyzes the level of tax literacy among students of educational organizations (schools and universities). Author's educational content has been developed within the framework of tax literacy lessons for students as general education institutions (schools, lyceums) and universities with the appropriate age limit. The mechanisms of adaptation of the proposed material for students of different ages are indicated, which allow improving the perception of the educational material and obtaining high-quality feedback. The potential problems of implementing the proposed tax literacy lessons for students of different ages are identified, and possible ways to overcome them within the framework of the current education system are proposed.

Опыт организации предмета «Индивидуальный проект» в старшей школе

The Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary General Education presupposes the mandatory implementation of the course “Individual Project”, the logical conclusion of which is the protection of one of the selected types of work by the student: project or research. This actu-alizes the expansion of approaches to teaching and learning, the system of accompanying teachers for the effective organization of project and research activities of students in educational organizations at the level of secondary general education. The approach of organizing the subject “Individual Project” in high school is presented. The main stages of organizing project and research activities within the framework of the above subject are identified and clarified, namely, ascertaining – preparing students for independent activity, distinguishing between the concepts of “educational project” and “educational research”, which included two blocks: 1) “immersion” by students in project activities, 2) “immersion” by students in research activities; organizational – stimulation of students' mental and activity processes, consisting of blocks aimed at 3) the development of search and analytical activities, 4) fixing the distinctive characteristics of the object and subject of research, 5) development of planning and goal-setting skills, 6) development of presentation and communication skills; designing – developing skills in working with scientific and educational literature, academic writing; instrumental – acquaintance with the organization and conduct of the experimental part of the study, development of the final product; constructive – finalization of the study/project, taking into account the comments and suggestions, the design of the text of the work, public defense before the commission. A number of practical and laboratory works carried out in the classroom are considered.

Armed attacks and murders in educational organizations: Criminal law and criminological assessments

The tragedy of May 2021 in one of the Kazan schools could not but bring back to the society a heated debate as to ways to counter violence against students and teachers in educational organizations (the so-called “school shooting” after the respective term in the English language). We believe that alongside with journalists, psychologists and politicians, experts in the field of criminal law and criminology should also come out with their recommendations. This paper examines the practice of criminal law as to classifying mass shooting in educational organizations of the Russian Federation, and concludes on the legality of prosecuting the crime perpetrators, there being cause, either such as murder or as a terrorist act. The authors do not consider it expedient to amend the terrorist act statutory definition (Article 205 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) so that it would cover all cases of “school shooting” without distinction. Nonetheless, doubts are expressed as to the sufficient propriety of the recommendation issued by the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation (Resolution “On court practice several issues related to criminal cases on crimes of terrorism”) to qualify an act of terrorism, which resulted in intentional death, under Article 205 of the RF Criminal Code alone. The authors analyzed the materials available to them regarding the cases of mass shooting in educational organizations, which fact has provided an opportunity to identify a number of circumstances, considering which appears necessary when developing measures to prevent and stop them. Particular attention among such measures should be paid to engaging as necessary directly with students in educational organizations, harmonizing relations both among students per se and between students and teachers.

The Influence of Social Networks on the Choice of a University Brand by Generation Y

Social networks are actively penetrating into all spheres of our society. The influence of social media is strongly affected by the younger generation, who spends a lot of time in the virtual social space.
 The purpose of this study was to study the influence of social networks on the choice of a university brand by representatives of generation Y. The data was collected through an online survey using the Google forms service.
 The results obtained indicate that social media engagement has a positive effect on brand image. Firm-created and user-generated social media communication have a positive effect on brand equity in Higher Education Institutions. Brand equity positively influences Brand choice intention.
 The value of this study lies in the fact that it considered the influence of various factors on the formation of the intention of representatives of generation Y to choose brands of universities, taking into account the moderate effect of electronic word of mouth.
 The results obtained complement the scientific literature on the impact of social media on consumer behavior. The results of this study can help in understanding the choice of students of educational organizations, taking into account the influence of social networks and electronic word of mouth, which can help university marketing departments to promote brands more effectively in the social media space.

Начальное профессиональное обучение сотрудников патрульно-постовой службы полиции применению физической силы на основе использования сенсомоторного метода

The purpose of the study is to identify the possibility of using the sensorimotor method for modeling variable situations of the use of physical force by police officers and organizing the level structure of the sequential use of variable situations for training cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The scientific novelty lies in identifying the effectiveness of sensorimotor method in situational training of police patrol officers, which makes it possible to rank simulated situations of the use of physical force, including combat techniques of struggle by levels of complexity, and thereby realizing the didactic principle of consistency and accessibility of learning educational material. As a result, the effectiveness of the use of the developed sensorimotor method for teaching police patrol officers to use the physical method was proved.

Experience in organizing the cadets’ practical training by means of the discipline “Foreign language”

Nowadays practice-oriented learning in higher education is fixed as a legal norm in Russian legal system. The legislator emphasizes the importance of developing students practical skills while they are at the higher school. Primarily it deals with specialized subjects of educational programs. Nevertheless, general studies, which include a foreign language, should also cover specialists/bachelors practical training.
 There is a need to determine the possibilities of organizing practical (professionally-oriented) language training for students of educational organizations of higher education. We see the improvement of the practical component of the discipline Foreign Language in the possibilities of interdisciplinary integration of the course material. This task is solved by selecting typical situations of business communication, clarifying the terminology necessary for elementary foreign language communication, and determining the appropriate teaching forms, methods and techniques.
 The purpose of the paper is to present the experience of organizing the cadets practical training within higher education settings of the Federal Penitentiary Service in foreign language classes. The proposed materials are developed with the specifics of the program being mastered in mind.
 The research is based on systematic and functional, activity, competency-based and humanistic approaches. The normative documents study and the generalization of the higher learning mass pedagogical experience made it possible to systematize and plan one lesson in this course.
 Methodological foundations, empirical and theoretical research methods allowed us to determine the logic of in-class learning, a set of training tasks, to specify the forms of the cadets classroom activities (shift groups working) and the principles of evaluating the learners success.
 The proposed version of the lesson allows you to activate the mechanisms of cadets professional self-identification, promotes the formation of their personal and professionally significant qualities, helps to master legal terminology and apply it in oral communication, as well as to get an idea of the similarities and differences between the legal systems of Russia and the countries of the studied language.
 The author also formulated a number of problems related to the cadets practical training by means of a foreign language.

Experience of edition of training literature for railwayers

Discusses the experience of publishing educational literature for students of educational organizations under the jurisdiction of the Federal Agency for railway transport.

Формирование профориентационной среды: из опыта работы школы Подмосковья

Global changes taking place in all spheres of life have influenced the education sector. The school must prepare a graduate who can successfully socialize and be in demand and competitive. That is why the problem of professional self-determination and choice of a future profession by students is especially acute.
 According to the authors of the article, one of the most important conditions for the successful professional self-determination of students is the vocational guidance environment of the school. The authors give a definition of the concept of "vocational guidance environment". They describe the stages of its formation, and also present the experience of creating a career guidance environment in one of the schools in the Moscow region.
 The material of the authors can be useful for creating a career guidance environment, early career guidance and pre-professional training of students in educational organizations, which will ensure the emergence of a "new type" graduate - a young person who has the ability to consciously choose a professional path in unity with professional mobility.

Methodological problems of studying personal educational trajectories in pedagogical psychology

Modern education is actively changing and looking for directions for its development, work optimization, as well as ways to minimize the processes of destruction and degradation of university and secondary, cultural and professional, general and additional education.The research objective is to comprehend the methodological problems of studying personal educational trajectories in educational psychology.Research methodology. The work represents a theoretical understanding of the methodological problems of studying personal educational trajectories in pedagogical psychology. Our study develops the idea of the systematic understanding significance of methodological problems of studying personal educational trajectories in pedagogical psychology.The study main results. Various aspects of the methodological problems of studying personal educational trajectories in pedagogical psychology are reflected in many works of domestic and foreign researchers. However, they are fragmented and do not meet the demands of modern practice with its constant changes. They do not meet many of the needs related to progressive innovations in the field of procedural and substantive dialogue, substantive and procedural individualization, orientation towards obtaining effective and necessary knowledge that help a person to become a cultural subject. They do not correspond to regressive returns to standardization formalism, the rejection of fundamental education and understanding a person of himself and the world in favor of functional fragmentation and commodification, which reduces education to the purchase of competencies and/or documents on the purchase of competencies. The educational space formation is the basis to create an individual educational trajectory for developing a person as an individual, partner and professional. Individual educational trajectories act as a condition for students' self-determination in the educational space. Making it possible to choose one's own educational trajectory is an essential component of the modern educational environment.Conclusions. Both the standards of general and additional education, and the original educational and their support should be organized on clearly verified and transparent grounds, within the framework of models methodically and methodologically formulated and formed based on scientific ideas. It is necessary to take into account and minimize various risks of developing and implementing individual educational trajectories of students in educational organizations: the interaction of participants in educational relations.

ПРОБЛЕМА ОБЪЕКТИВНОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ЗНАНИЙ ОБУЧАЮЩЕГОСЯ

In the modern pedagogical literature a large number of works are devoted to the issue of evaluating students mastered knowledge. Ensuring the quality of diagnostics of the level of knowledge acquisition by students of educational organizations is based on an adequate, reasonable, acceptable and accessible mathematical apparatus. The adequacy and validity of the mathematical apparatus allows you to significantly reduce the influence of the subjective factor on the assessment of knowledge acquisition and minimize objections to its application. On the other hand, acceptability makes it possible to use a specific situation under consideration as a diagnosis, taking into account only its inherent nuances. Accessibility also means the ability to use the proposed mathematical algorithm by teachers who have the necessary minimum of elements of the proposed mathematical apparatus. The article considers the possibility of determining the level of development of the studied topic by students on the basis of five factors of knowledge acquisition: 1. Understanding; 2. Recognition; 3.Reproduction; 4. Application; 5. Creativity. In this case, the calculations are performed by using a simplified method of hierarchy analysis and fuzzy set theory in order to reduce the subjectivity inherent in the rating system of evaluation, the use of elements of the hierarchy analysis method and fuzzy logic is proposed. The fuzzy set theory algorithm is implemented using the fuzzy Logic Toolbox application package of the MATLAB software environment. Using the method of hierarchy analysis is to aggregate scores based on the application of a matrix of paired comparisons. The synthesis of these methods allows us to obtain a fairly effective comparative assessment of students development of educational material. On the basis of the considered methodology for evaluating students assimilation of educational material, it is suggested that it is possible to reduce the influence of a subjective factor to a minimum.

Psychological features of the formation of anti-corruption behavioramong cadets and students of educational organizations

Psychological features of the formation of anti-corruption behavioramong cadets and students of educational organizations

Improving the physical fitness of students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia with the use of biofeedback

Improving the physical fitness of students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia with the use of biofeedback

The Formation of Students’ Values in the Context of Changes in the Educational Environment (On the Example of the Leningrad Region)

The article examines the direction of improving the quality level of the educational process in the conditions of changing educational environment and new social challenges. One of the important aspects in the conditions of innovative transformations is the formation of students ‘ social and spiritual values. It is the General education school that should form in the minds of the younger generation spiritual, moral and Patriotic values, social and ethical norms of behavior based on national and universal ideals.The study of students ‘own value preferences is insufficient from the point of view of methodological educational and organizational approaches.in this regard, students’ value orientations and preferences often remain outside the field of view of the pedagogical community.The article notes that a comprehensive analysis of the formation of values of high school students, the study of the mechanisms of intergenerational continuity and the development of innovative forms of educational influence important study of value preferences of students, as well as the evaluation opinions of the teaching staff, especially young teachers engaged in the educational process. The purpose of this article is also to study the trends and specifics of the educational and educational process focused on the problems and formation of social values of students of educational organizations in the Leningrad region.