Standard Nutrition Research Articles

Food security and multicommodity agricultural international trade: Quantifying optimal consumer subsidies for nutritional needs

AbstractHundreds of millions of people are now facing food insecurity as challenges from climate change, the aftereffects of the COVID‐19 pandemic, and strife and conflicts make availability of food at reasonable prices challenging. International trade has enabled the reallocation of agricultural products, essential for nutrition, from countries with supply markets to other points of demand and has been the subject of an increasing number of policy interventions by governments. In this paper, a multicommodity international trade network equilibrium model is constructed with the inclusion of nutritional minimal standards to support food security, accompanied by consumer subsidies, for which explicit formulae are provided. The theoretical and computational framework is based on variational inequalities. Numerical examples focusing on Ukraine and MENA (Middle Eastern and North African) countries and a staple commodity of wheat demonstrate the modeling and policy framework.

177 Determining the Body Weight to Body Fat Conversion Factor for Angus, Charolais, and Brahman Growing Steers

Abstract The profitability of beef feedlot operations depends on accurately predicting the energy and nutrient requirements of the animal to optimize animal growth and carcass quality to meet market specifications. The composition of the gain (i.e., fat and protein) dictates the growth of the animal, and it is highly correlated with the body composition of the mature animal, assuming that the composition of body gain is constant for animals at the same maturity degree. Once the mature weight for a given body composition (i.e., fat) is known, the maturity degree can be estimated, and the equivalent body weight (EqBW) can be used to calculate energy requirements for growth. Several standard feeding systems and nutrition models use the adjusted final body weight (AFBW) at a known fat composition to estimate EqBW. The AFBW is the body weight (BW) at, usually, 28% empty body fat (EBF). Thus, AFBW can be estimated if a given empty BW (EBW) and composition are known, and an EBW-to-EBF factor is used to calculate AFBW from the current BW. Several nutrition models, including the Cattle Value Discovery System, have adopted the 14.26 kg of EBW for each % of EBF. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the amount of body mass deposited per change in body fat content of different breeds commonly used in Australia. We randomly allocated 30 Angus, 30 Brahman, and 29 Charolais into six slaughter groups (6 animals per breed per slaughter group) fed for up to 200 days. Internal organs and carcasses were dissected into physically separable fat, lean, and bones. When we regressed EBW on EBF, the overall regression yielded a slope of 11.2 ± 0.69 kg/%EBF [n = 89, r2 = 0.75, and root of the mean square error (RMSE) = 55.7 kg], likely not different from the 14.26 kg/% EBF. However, slopes were different among breeds (P < 0.001), i.e., there was an interaction between breeds and EBF when the breed was added to the ordinary least-square mean regression as a classificatory variable. The slopes were 16.5 ± 0.84 kg/% for Charolais (n = 29, r2 = 0.933, RMSE = 33.2 kg), 13.2 ± 0.73 kg /% for Angus (n = 30, r2 = 0.921, RMSE = 34.4 kg), and 10.1 ± 1.06 kg/% for Brahman (n = 30, r2 = 0.765, RMSE = 38.3 kg). When we regressed the amount of EBF on EBW, we obtained 0.40, 0.58, and 0.52 kg EBF/kg EBW for Charolais, Angus and Brahman, respectively. This confirms that Charolais deposited less EBF per unit of gain compared with Angus and Brahman. Given the similarity between the 14.26 kg/% to the overall value of 11.2 kg/%, we recommend using the 14.26 EBW-to-EBF factor to estimate AFBW when the genetic group is unknown.

Developing a nutrition screening tool for children with cystic fibrosis ages 0 to 2 years: Children with cystic fibrosis nutrition screening tool

BackgroundFor children with cystic fibrosis (CF), achieving and maintaining optimal growth by the age of 2 years is critical for future health outcomes. A standardized nutrition screening is needed to identify growth problems, enable timely interventions, and improve nutritional outcomes for children (0 to 2 years) with CF. The purpose of this study was to develop a nutrition screening tool for children (0 to 2 years) with CF to identify nutrition risk at every clinical encounter. MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was used to develop a nutrition screening tool to determine if nutrition interventions needed to change (at-risk) or continue (not at-risk). Retrospective data for pertinent nutrition factors were collected for 99 children attending an accredited CF clinic. The nutrition factors were compared to a dietitian assessment. A stepwise discriminant analysis determined weight-for-age (WFA) and weight-for-length (WFL) z-scores were significant. Then anthropometric data and corresponding dietitian assessment results were collected for children with CF attending two other accredited CF clinics (n = 29, n = 30). Discriminant analysis was used to determine sensitivity and specificity of the nutrition factors and to create a nutrition screening tool equation. ResultsThe nutrition screening model that included WFA z-score, LFA z-score, WFL z-score, and weight change velocity adequacy determined nutrition risk the best. The sensitivity was 89.7 %, specificity 83.2 %, NPV 93.3 %, and PPV 75.4 % for this model. ConclusionThe nutrition screening tool equation developed in this study standardizes the process to identify children (0 to 2 years) with CF at nutrition risk. Further validation is needed.

Harnessing the benefits of the Nutrition Care Process Quality Evaluation and Standardization Tool: a national auditing initiative to improve quality of documentation.

The Nutrition Care Process Quality Standardization and Evaluation Tool (NCP QUEST) is a validated audit instrument assessing the quality of NCP documentation by Registered Dietitians Nutritionists (RDNs). The present quality improvement project describes change in documentation quality as measured by NCP QUEST and word count of notes after a monthly national digital training provided to Veteran Affairs (VA) RDNs. The training and adoption of NCP QUEST was voluntary. Facilities were recruited among those that had participated during the design and validation study of NCP QUEST. The NCP QUEST score was calculated and the word count was determined for 52 documentation notes (28 from NCP QUEST non-user facilities and 24 from NCP QUEST user facilities) before and after training. The mean pre-training NCP QUEST score for notes from NCP QUEST non-user facilities was 13.71 and 13.88 for NCP QUEST user facilities. The mean post training total NCP QUEST score for non-user facilities was 14.00 and 17.65 for user facilities, with no improvement for the non-user facilities (P=0.69). A significant improvement was identified for the NCP QUEST user facilities (P≤0.001). All facilities experienced a significant reduction in the word count of assessment notes (P=0.04). Use of the electronic NCP terminology website increased 123-fold and was sustained after the training. NCP QUEST users reported that the audit tool is useful. The NCP QUEST should be at the center of RDNs' training and more strategic effort is needed to engage practitioners in the optimal application of the NCP.

The Influence of Early Nutrition on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants

Premature infants, given their limited reserves, heightened energy requirements, and susceptibility to nutritional deficits, require specialized care. Aim: To examine the complex interplay between nutrition and neurodevelopment in premature infants, underscoring the critical need for tailored nutritional approaches to support optimal brain growth and function. Data sources: PubMed and MeSH and keywords: preterm, early nutrition, macronutrients, micronutrients, human milk, human milk oligosaccharides, probiotics AND neurodevelopment or neurodevelopment outcomes. Recent articles were selected according to the authors’ judgment of their relevance. Specific nutrients, including macro (amino acids, glucose, and lipids) and micronutrients, play an important role in promoting neurodevelopment. Early and aggressive nutrition has shown promise, as has recognizing glucose as the primary energy source for the developing brain. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as DHA, contribute to brain maturation, while the benefits of human milk, human milk oligosaccharides, and probiotics on neurodevelopment via the gut-brain axis are explored. This intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system highlights human milk oligosaccharides’ role in early brain maturation. Conclusions: Individualized nutritional approaches and comprehensive nutrient strategies are paramount to enhancing neurodevelopment in premature infants, underscoring human milk’s potential as the gold standard of nutrition for preterm infants.

학교급식바우처 사용 이후 지각된 식생활혜택에 따른 사용자 인식과 만족도에 대한 비교 연구

This study analyzed the difference in perception and satisfaction of school meal vouchers according to perceived dietary benefits after using school meal vouchers. As a result of the study, satisfaction with alternative support is also high if the beneficiary thinks that the school meal voucher has benefited his or her diet, such as helping to pay for food. Therefore, satisfaction depends on how the beneficiary perceives alternative support for school meals, including school meal vouchers, which can be interpreted as a way to examine in-depth areas that show low satisfaction, such as voucher item nutrition standards, and reflect them in policies and systems. It is also expected to provide a foundation for preparing policy-making measures that reflect the opinions of those directly related to the policy, rather than policies based on the opinions or assumptions of policymakers.

Efficacy of convenience meal-type foods designed for diabetes in the management of metabolic syndrome based on a 3-week trial

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the effect of meal-type food for diabetes on improving metabolic syndrome risk factors in adults. MethodsThe participants were adult men and women aged 40–55 y with 1 or more risk factors for metabolic syndrome. They were provided with a diabetic diet (a meal-type food) and general diet in the form of home meal replacement for 3 wk. The current research used a crossover design. All participants had iso-caloric meal replacement per day, and there was a 2-wk washout period between each diet. The nutritional standards of a diabetic diet were based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, which are: <50% carbohydrates, <10% sugars, <7% saturated fat, and >10 g dietary fiber. The average caloric content was 489.1 ± 45.0 kcal. The composition of the general diet was similar to that of the diabetic diet; however, there were differences in sugar content. In total, 15 participants were included in the research, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of nutrient intake during the intervention period. ResultsBody weight (P = 0.001), body mass index (P = 0.004), waist circumference (P = 0.030), triacylglycerol (P = 0.002), total cholesterol (P = 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.008) levels were significantly lower in the diabetic diet intervention period than before and after 3 wk of the intervention. In addition, reduction in body weight (P = 0.001), body mass index (P = 0.006), waist circumference (P = 0.032), and triacylglycerol (P = 0.036) and total cholesterol (P = 0.007) levels in the diabetic diet intervention period significantly differed compared with those in the general diet intervention period. ConclusionsReplacing 1 meal per day with meal-type food for diabetes improved body composition and blood lipid levels in adults with metabolic syndrome risk factors.

BREAST MILK BANKS – THE WAY TO GLOBAL BREASTFEEDING SUPPORT IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD

Breast milk is the standard of infant nutrition, recognized worldwide as the optimal fi rst source of food, and breastfeedingis the ideal way to feed children, meeting all their needs. Breast milk is especially valuable for premature infants, who require specialized medical care from the fi rst seconds of life and for a long time, and for sick newborns born at term. Preterm or sick preterm infants are most vulnerable to perinatal illness, have a high probability of dying and, most importantly, are at the greatest risk of not receiving the life-saving benefi ts of breast milk. In today’s world, the World Health Organization and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend the use of donor human milk as the fi rst alternative for feeding preterm infants of any gestational age, including very preterm infants (&lt;32 weeks gestation) or very low birth weight infants (&lt;1500 g), when human milk is not available. Studies have shown that breastfeeding, even partial breastfeeding, reduces the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis and late neonatal sepsis, retinopathy of prematurity, and sudden infant death, improves cognitive outcomes in preterm infants, and helps establish optimal functioning of the digestive system and enteric digestive processes. In many countries around the world, targeted support for breastfeeding in neonatal intensive care units, including enteral feeding of sick and premature infants, is provided by donor human breast milk that is concentrated and stored in an established and functioning network of breast milk banks.A breast milk bank is an institution whose purpose is to collect breast milk from mothers who produce more than theirinfants need, and to process and store breast milk for the feeding of infants who, for medical or other reasons, cannot receive it temporarily or for a long period. International associations of breast milk banks have been established throughout the world to promote the activities of banks and to establish international cooperation among breast milk banks.The European Milk Banks Association (EMBA) was offi cially launched on October 15, 2010. There are currently 282 activebanks in 31 European countries and 18 banks in the process of becoming active. The Southern African Milk Banks Association (HMBASA) was established in 2009. HMBASA coordinates the activities of the network of milk banks throughout the country. The North American Milk Banks Association (HMBANA) was founded in 1985 and brings together 30 non-profi t breast milk banks in the United States and Canada. There is a positive trend in the establishment of new breast milk banks in all countries of the world. There are currently about 500 in 37 countries. Brazil is the world leader in breast milk banks, with 222 breast milk banks and 217 milk collection centers. The first donor breast milk bank in Ukraine was established in 2019 in Kyiv at the Perinatal Center, where about 80 % of all premature babies in the city are born. In December 2022, when the country was at war, a high-tech breast milk bank was opened at the Lviv Regional Clinical Perinatal Center. This is the second bank of donated breast milk successfully operating in Ukraine on the basis of perinatal centers.The operation of the breast milk bank at the Lviv Oblast Clinical Perinatal Center is one of the many modern high-tech areasof the healthcare facility. The breast milk bank is equipped with all the necessary equipment, which meets the highest modern world standards. Active daily teamwork of obstetricians, neonatologists, lactation consultants and mothers has allowed the bank to attract 32 donors of breast milk and collect more than 380 liters of donor milk since its opening. The fi rst batch of donor milk was received on January 12, 2023.Promoting the creation of a network of mother’s milk banks in Ukraine at the state level will help to make a signifi cantcontribution to the preservation of the full healthy development of newborns and infants in our country, which has becomeespecially important in the current military situation in Ukraine.

Экспериментальная оценка морфогенетических эффектов несбалансированной материнской диеты у потомства мышей линий BALB/c, CBA И BC/IPAE

The geometric morphometrics methods were used to evaluate differences in the variability of the size and shape of the mandible in experimental groups of descendants of BALB/c, CBA and BC/IPAE linear mice with standard (control) and two disturbed diets of the mother: diet-1 – nutrition with oat grains during pregnancy and feeding of offspring; diet-2 – change of the mother’s diet from oatmeal monodiet to the standard nutrition after the birth of young mice. The most significant contribution to changeability of centroid sizes (CS) was made by the factor “diet” (D), not “line” (L), as well as by the interaction of factors “L x D”. The influence of the factor “sex” (S) did not manifest itself. The variation in the shape of the mandible was caused mainly not by factor D but by factor L. The maternal diet regimes had an ambiguous effect on the growth and development: diet-1 caused growth inhibition and destabilization of mandible morphogenesis, whereas diet-2 made sizes, shape and stability of morphogenesis in all lines similar to the control groups. The results can be used to solve a number of problems on population ecology, as well as taken into account in the field of medical perinatal nutritional science.

Особенности работы сельскохозяйственных организаций в системе плодоовощеконсервного подкомплекса региона

In terms of the need to increase the sustainability of growth in production, the level of food consumption in the region does not yet significantly reach the rational stand-ards of healthy nutrition, the sectoral features of the work of agricultural organizations producing fruit and vegetable products are highlighted and the need to take them into account in the system of state regulation of the development of the fruit and vegetable canning subcomplex of the region is shown. the basis of increasing the coherence of the socio-economic interests of producers and the state.

The Effect of High Fat Formula Liquid Feeding on the Value of PCO2 and Duration of Use of Respiratory Aids for COVID-19 Patients with Critical Illness

Background: In December 2019, WHO announced the outbreak of COVID-19 disease caused by SARSCOV2. COVID-19 is a global pandemic characterized by high morbidity and mortality. SARS-CoV2 with there are many symptoms, about 20-26% of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia become severe or critical, requiring hospitalization for respiratory support. In Indonesia, COVID-19 has been increasing since 2020, and on February 2021, the Covid-19.go.id page had 1.157.837 confirmed cases, 176.291 active cases, 949.990 recovered, and 31.556 death cases. Acute respiratory complications requiring treatment in the intensive care unit are the main cause of high morbidity and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Nutrition therapy has influenced for outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Methods: The primary purpose of this study was to compare the value of PCO2, and duration of use of respiratory support for COVID-19 patients with critical illness. The result compared the COVID-19 patients who had been administered with high lipid formula nutrition (PULMOSOL) and patients who had been administered with standard liquid formula nutrition. The rate of the intervention group that experienced an increase in PCO2 was 55.6%, higher than those who experienced a decrease in PCO2 (50%). Results: Based on the analysis results, there was no difference in the administration of PULMOSOL and standard formula based on PCO2 in the use of ventilators in COVID-19 critically ill patients in Dr. M Djamil Padang General Hospital (p&gt;0.05) with HR = 1.39 (95% CI 1.55-3.55). In patients with increased PCO2, it was found that the intervention group who died was 55.6%, lower compared to the control group (62.5%). The same in patients with decreased pCO2, group the intervention group who died was 50.0%, higher than the control group (40%). Conclusion: Statistical tests demonstrated there was no relationship between the administration of PULMOSOL and the outcome of critically ill COVID-19 (p&gt;0.05). Keywords: Covid-19, critically ill, nutrition, high lipid formula

Gender-Affirming Nutrition: An Overview of Eating Disorders in the Transgender Population.

Transgender individuals are vulnerable to many nutrition-related conditions, especially eating disorders due to gender dysphoria. This review aims to summarize the current literature on eating disorders in transgender individuals. The issues that should be considered in nutrition care for the transgender population are discussed regarding public health. Transgender individuals can exhibit disordered eating behaviors to overcome the stress they experience due to stigma, discrimination, social exclusion, and abuse. Recent studies showed that disordered eating and clinical eating disorders are more prevalent among transgender than cisgender people. It is very important for a multidisciplinary team working in the clinic to understand the epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of eating disorders in the transgender population. However, multidisciplinary nutritional care is limited due to the lack of transgender-specific nutrition guidelines. It is safe to say that adhering to a generally healthy nutritional pattern and using standardized nutrition guidelines. We recommend that health professionals working with patients/clients with eating disorders receive continuing education in transgender health, be empowering and inclusive, address patients/clients with their gender identity nouns and pronouns, and develop nutritional treatment plans that are not gender-specific. Eating disorders are a significant public health problem in the transgender population. Therefore, clinical screening and early intervention are necessary to identify and treat eating disorders in transgender people. Eating disorders in the transgender population should be monitored routinely, and gender-affirming care should be provided as well as treatment of eating disorders.

Structural transition of protein intake in urban China: Stage characteristics and driving forces

AbstractThe rapidly growing animal protein demand of Chinese residents has caused multiple pressures, including on food security, health, and the environment. It is critical to study the reasons for the changes in Chinese residents' protein intake structure and make a reasonable judgment about its future trend. This paper uses the Nationwide Urban Household Survey Date from 1992 to 2009 to construct a pseudo panel and conduct research based on the habit formation theory. We find that there is a significant habit formation effect in the consumption of the main protein source foods of Chinese urban residents, especially animal foods. It weakens with the passage of time, which may be the reason for the continuous increase in urbanites' animal protein intake. There are differences in the protein intake structure and changing trend of urban residents in China's different regions. We suggest that government should pay more attention to the development of animal husbandry and the supply security of feed grains; strengthen nutritional intervention efforts to guide residents toward balanced and healthy dietary patterns, with moderate intake of animal protein; and formulate more detailed nutritional standards by region and population to cope with the impact of the growing animal protein demand among China's residents. [EconLit Citations: D12, E21, Q18].

The effect of Mediterranean diet instructions on depression, anxiety, stress, and anthropometric indices: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial

Evidence suggests that adopting a healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean Diet (MD), can positively affect mental health. To further explore this, a study was conducted to determine the impact of MD instruction over 12 weeks on depression, anxiety, stress, and anthropometric indices. The study is a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial with sixty participants who reported stress, anxiety, and depression conducted in Tabriz, Iran (2022–2023). They were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 30), which received MD instruction, or the control group (n = 30), which received standard healthy nutrition education. Both groups were asked to follow their respective nutrition education plans for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, depression, anxiety, and stress levels were measured using the DASS-21 questionnaire, and anthropometric indices were assessed. Initially, the unadjusted DASS-21 scores for depression, anxiety, and stress did not show significant differences between the two groups. However, after adjusting for baseline variables (model 2), all scores decreased significantly (the P-value for all scores was < 0.001). There was no significant difference in weight and BMI between the intervention and control groups. However, after adjusting the results based on baseline values (Model 2) and adherence to the program (Model 3), weight and BMI were significantly reduced in the MD group (P-values for both cases and both models were < 0.001). Overall, despite some significant findings, the results were not noticeable from a clinical perspective. The study provides some indications that following the Mediterranean diet may lead to improvements in weight and mental well-being.

If you can't fix the problem change the standards.

Over the last few months, established data systems in India have been the target of heated dispute, chiefly by members of the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister, ranging from the inflation numbers [1], to the sampling frame for surveys done by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSS), the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) and the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)[2], haemoglobin cut-offs for anaemia [3] and childhood growth standards, female labour force participation rate and life expectancy at birth [4]. The attempts to revise economic data systems has invited a raging debate [5, 6], prompting the government to set up a panel to review the NSS's methodology. However, the arguments being made in favor of downward revision of nutritional standards have received much less scrutiny, except for a recent editorial which comments on the general problem of drawing up standards [7]. This is despite the fact that these proposals have already caught the fancy of the government. A policy decision has already been taken to discontinue gathering of data on Hb-levels as part of the quinquennial National Family Health Surveys, which would now be collected as part of a new Dietary and Bio-markers Survey. Neither the rationale for such a move, nor the details of the methodology of the new survey, or the time-frame within which such data would be released have been made available for public deliberation. Similarly, discussions have been initiated on devising "indigenous" growth standards for children [8]. Hence, it becomes imperative to examine the basis of these renewed calls for revision of existing standards.

Enhancing Quality and Safety of Garlic Pulp through Ohmic Heating: A Comprehensive Study on Physicochemical, Microbiological, and Bioactive Content

This research paper investigates the application of ohmic heating as an innovative method to improve the quality and safety of garlic pulp. Garlic is a widely consumed vegetable renowned for its unique flavor and potent bioactive compounds, but traditional processing methods often degrade its bioactive constituents and pose microbial safety concerns. In this study, the researchers explore the potential of ohmic heating to address these issues. The study begins by examining the physicochemical properties of garlic pulp subjected to ohmic heating, including changes in pH, color, texture, and moisture content. The results reveal that ohmic heating effectively preserves overall quality attributes, with notable improvements in color and texture compared to conventional processing methods. Additionally, the impact of ohmic heating on the bioactive content of garlic pulp is investigated. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis reveals that ohmic heating leads to superior retention of key bioactive compound diallyl disulfide. By preserving physicochemical properties, enhancing microbial safety, and retaining bioactive content, ohmic heating offers a novel approach to elevate the nutritional and safety standards of garlic-based products. These findings have significant implications for the food industry, providing valuable insights into the potential benefits of adopting ohmic heating technology.

Are U.S. food and beverage companies now advertising healthy products to children on television? An evaluation of improvements in industry self-regulation, 2017–2021

BackgroundThrough the Children’s Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative (CFBAI), U.S. food companies pledge to only advertise healthier products in children’s television (TV) programming, but previous research shows that highly advertised products do not qualify as nutritious according to independent nutrition criteria. In 2020, the CFBAI implemented stricter nutrition criteria for products that may be advertised to children, but the potential impact of these changes has not been assessed. This observational study evaluates (1) improvements in energy and individual nutrient composition of products that companies indicated may be advertised to children (i.e., CFBAI-listed products) in 2020 versus 2017, (2) amount of advertising on children’s TV for CFBAI-listed versus other products in 2021, and 3) the nutrition quality of advertised versus non-advertised CFBAI-listed products.MethodsData include energy, saturated fat, sodium, and sugar content and overall nutrition quality (Nutrition Profile Index [NPI] scores) of CFBAI-listed products in 2017 (n = 308) and 2020 (n = 245). Nielsen data provided total ad spending and children’s exposure to ads on children’s TV channels for all foods and beverages in 2021.ResultsFrom 2017 to 2021, energy, saturated fat and sugar declined for CFBAI-listed products in three of six food categories (yogurt, sweet and salty snacks). Although CFBAI-listed products accounted for 79% of food ads viewed by children on children’s TV channels, just 50% of CFBAI-listed food and 36% of drink brands were advertised on children’s TV. Moreover, advertised products were significantly less nutritious than non-advertised CFBAI-listed products.ConclusionDespite revised nutrition standards and improvements in nutrient content of some product categories, participating companies continued to primarily advertise nutritionally poor food and beverages on children’s TV. CFBAI companies have not delivered on their promises to advertise healthier products to children.

542 Improving nutrition outcomes through implementation of a standardized nutrition treatment algorithm in infants with cystic fibrosis younger than 2

542 Improving nutrition outcomes through implementation of a standardized nutrition treatment algorithm in infants with cystic fibrosis younger than 2

An investigation of the clinical nutritional practices of oncologists and the management of cancer-related malnutrition in inpatient care.

Malnutrition in oncology patients has been consistently associated with poor clinical outcomes. Despite the existence of nutrition guidelines and recommendations that emphasize the role of nutrition in cancer care and despite the prevalence of nutrition care needs in oncology units, nutrition interventions are not always implemented. As a result, malnutrition is not adequately assessed or managed. The aims of this study were to investigate current nutrition practice and management, determine the awareness of cancer-related malnutrition among oncologists and healthcare professionals and identify the barriers that prevent proper nutrition management. A total of 141 medical health professionals working in hospitals with cancer care units in Saudi Arabia were recruited using an online questionnaire. Most of the participants (65%) rated the role of nutrition in cancer treatment as crucial. The most common diagnostic criterion for cachexia was weight loss. 33% responded that they did not know how to conduct nutritional assessments. Only 14% evaluated patients' nutritional status by using validated screening tools. In most institutions (72%), nutritional support was delivered by clinical nutritionists or dieticians. The most frequent barrier preventing oncologists' from including nutritional care was a lack of clear guidelines. Our survey highlights a high level of awareness among oncologists regarding the critical role of nutrition management in cancer care. However, there is a need for applicative, and reliable nutrition guidelines. The integration of standardized nutrition assessments and intervention protocols is essential for better implementation. A key step forward is improving the communication and referral processes between dietitians and oncologists within cancer units, thereby promoting a more cooperative and effective approach to patient care.

Presenting The Role Of CPOE Incorporating With CDSS In Decreasing The Costs Of TPN In ICU

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is the treatment modality of providing intravenous nutrition for patients who cannot get oral feeding. Physicians use standard scales, such as NRS-2002 and NUTRIC, for TPN orders. The usage of NRS-2002 in public hospitals has been mandatory in Turkey since 2015. The quality management department of Izmir Tire Public Hospital recognized that TPN consumption increased dramatically since 2015. The orders, which increased in direct proportion to the number of patients, showed that it should be investigated by evaluating their necessity according to nutritional practice standards. The objective of this study is to research the effect of e-orders incorporated with a clinical decision support system on TPN consumption. We digitalized the NRS-2002 form and added a clinical decision support system to calculate the score and calorie requirements. We found that the total number of NRS-2002 forms completed by physicians increased by 95%, the number of TPN orders decreased by 41%, and the cost decreased by 38% in 2018. This study showed that e-ordering of TPN combined with a clinical decision support system is beneficial for decreasing costs.