An investigation of the clinical nutritional practices of oncologists and the management of cancer-related malnutrition in inpatient care.

Abstract

Malnutrition in oncology patients has been consistently associated with poor clinical outcomes. Despite the existence of nutrition guidelines and recommendations that emphasize the role of nutrition in cancer care and despite the prevalence of nutrition care needs in oncology units, nutrition interventions are not always implemented. As a result, malnutrition is not adequately assessed or managed. The aims of this study were to investigate current nutrition practice and management, determine the awareness of cancer-related malnutrition among oncologists and healthcare professionals and identify the barriers that prevent proper nutrition management. A total of 141 medical health professionals working in hospitals with cancer care units in Saudi Arabia were recruited using an online questionnaire. Most of the participants (65%) rated the role of nutrition in cancer treatment as crucial. The most common diagnostic criterion for cachexia was weight loss. 33% responded that they did not know how to conduct nutritional assessments. Only 14% evaluated patients' nutritional status by using validated screening tools. In most institutions (72%), nutritional support was delivered by clinical nutritionists or dieticians. The most frequent barrier preventing oncologists' from including nutritional care was a lack of clear guidelines. Our survey highlights a high level of awareness among oncologists regarding the critical role of nutrition management in cancer care. However, there is a need for applicative, and reliable nutrition guidelines. The integration of standardized nutrition assessments and intervention protocols is essential for better implementation. A key step forward is improving the communication and referral processes between dietitians and oncologists within cancer units, thereby promoting a more cooperative and effective approach to patient care.