Student Speech Research Articles

Mastering the ways of indicating transport when mastering Russian as a native and as a foreign language

The subject of the article's research is the peculiarities of prepositional-case constructions with the meaning of vehicle in children's monolingual speech, in the speech of Chinese students studying Russian as a foreign language and in the speech of heritage Russian speakers with different dominant languages. The study examines case constructions with the meaning of movement. The specificity of mastering grammatical construction in the course of mastering Russian as a native language, as one of the native languages, and as a foreign language is analyzed. The research material was experimental data collected in a children's classroom and in an adult foreign audience, as well as information from the “Russian Academic Corps /RLC” (Corpus of the Linguistic Laboratory for Corpus Technologies of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, containing information about the development of Russian as a foreign language and native speakers of Russian with different dominant languages). The research methodology included: longitudinal observation of the speech of monolingual children, psycholinguistic experiment in a foreign audience, corpus research method; comparative research, semantic and functional analysis. The scientific novelty of the proposed work lies in the fact that for the first time a comparative analysis of data is presented that describes the ways of mastering the case construction with the meaning of indicating transport by Russian-speaking children, Chinese students and heritage native speakers of the Russian language. Typical differences and errors in the choice of construction are considered, the strategy of simplification in the speech of foreign students is described, and the ways of grammatical interference are analyzed. Analysis of errors made by Russian-speaking children and adult foreigners allows us to draw conclusions about the specifics of mastering Russian case meanings. Errors in choosing a case ending with a correctly chosen preposition are often observed in the speech of foreign students and heritage speakers, but do not appear in children's speech. Thus, in the Russian language there is a wide variety of ways to indicate a vehicle. Choosing the correct construction when indicating transport represents a specific difficulty in the course of mastering Russian as a foreign language and requires special attention.

Метод симуляции в развитии спонтанной речи изучающих русский язык как иностранный

цель исследования заключается в анализе эффективности использования технологии глобальных симуляций на занятиях по русскому языку как иностранному (далее – РКИ) и роли данной педагогической технологии в формировании спонтанной речи обучающихся. В статье раскрывается потенциал применения симуляционного метода, выступающего в качестве средства компенсации реальной речевой среды, преодоления коммуникативных барьеров в порождении высказываний на русском языке, развития спонтанной речи и в целом коммуникативной компетенции изучающих русский язык как иностранный. Выявляется практическая значимость симуляционных сюжетов, основанных на региональных образовательных ресурсах, способствующих развитию коммуникативной компетенции иностранных обучающихся и их активной адаптации к социокультурной среде страны изучаемого языка. the purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of using global simulation technology in classes in Russian as a foreign language (hereinafter referred to as RFL) and the role of this pedagogical technology in the formation of students’ spontaneous speech. The article reveals the potential of using the simulation method, which acts as a means of compensating for the real speech environment, overcoming communication barriers in generating statements in Russian, developing spontaneous speech and, in general, communicative competence of students studying Russian as a foreign language. The practical significance of simulation stories based on regional educational resources that contribute to the development of the communicative competence of foreign students and their active adaptation to the sociocultural environment of the country of the language being studied is revealed.

Development of scientific speech of master's students in architecture

Introduction. The pertinence of the considered problem is stipulated by the fact that nowadays the research aspect is becoming an important part of the master's degree programs in the world's leading architectural schools, and mastering research skills requires the ability to properly present the results of the conducted research in a master's thesis. In the scientific literature there is a growing number of publications dedicated to the formation of professional research competence and skills of writing research texts in native and foreign languages among master's degree architect students. Unresolved problems include the preparation of programs, selection of content and conditions of implementation of such courses. The integrated objective of the paper is to propose a tested structural and content model of the course on the development of scientific speech of future architects. Research methods. The content of the lecture and practical course is based on the author's manuals and the author's monograph, on the material of modern Russian and foreign research on scientific functional style, the study of the language (vocabulary and terminology) of architecture. Texts from literary sources of interest to architects were used as examples. Research results. Successful accomplishment of course objectives is the result of the development and implementation of the structural and content model of teaching in the educational process, including the author's course program and the basic author's methodology, inextricably linked with modern philological studies of architectural and construction discourse, including the sublanguage of architecture and architectural terminology. With the discipline's focus on the formation of general language, universal and professional culture of future masters of architecture it is advisable to use a cross-genre methodological model of teaching with the reliance on the leading principles of construction and implementation of the course such as educational content selection, scientific approach, rationality, historicism, taking into account the motivation and needs of students, accessibility of didactic material, individual approach in teaching, educational teaching and interactivity described information could be interesting for teachers of the Russian language of architectural and construction universities. Conclusion. The described course helps architecture graduate students to broaden their general cultural and professional outlook, to get an idea of another kind of language – scientific language and its genres, scientific communication in Russian, and to master the skills of Russian scientific writing. The course gives students a new perspective on the texts they produce, helps them to understand their own identity as a linguistic person who is as much responsible for the creation of written texts as for the results of architectural and urban planning projects.

BORROWINGS IN PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE: FROM GRAPHICS TO NETWORK RESOURCES

The article discusses borrowing issues in pedagogical discourse associated with the emergence of new concepts and terms (anglicisms) in the modern Russian language. Penetration of English words in the third millennium of the 21st century happens due to a number of reasons. Thus, the main one, according to the authors, is strengthening of digitalization caused by transition to online learning in the context of a global pandemic. The article poses the problematic aspect of whether borrowed words are a random element in the modern Russian language or it is a challenge of the time. Constant change in the consciousness of humanity, promoting development of all spheres of life in the new reality, inevitably leads to changes in guidelines in the economy, politics, culture, and education. There is a need to revise the goals and objectives of the education and development of an individual who effectively uses the acquired knowledge in upgrading of all spheres of life. New reality requires new concepts to realize and decode unfamiliar phenomena, which leads to a change in scientific and educational paradigms, the emergence of new trends in education, and adaptation of thinking. Challenges of the present millennium force us to make attempts to find out the feasibility of the changes being made. Thus, the authors of the article analyzed the corpus of borrowed units in the pedagogical discourse of the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Anglicisms and their derivatives were identified by a continuous sampling method from oral and written speech of lectures and students, the context of educational materials and educational platforms of the university. Analysis of the borrowings of pedagogical discourse in a given period allows us to identify main mechanism of adaptation of new terms and determine the speed of their penetration.

Studying the level of dialogical speech development in pupils with intellectual disorders as an indicator of their mental health

Background. The research was aimed at studying the levels of development of dialogical speech in primary schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities (ID). In accordance with the purpose of the research, the following tasks were implemented: to carry out a theoretical analysis of the research problem; to develop criteria and indicators of the levels of dialogical speech development in younger schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities; to investigate the state and levels of development of dialogical speech in younger schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities in modern educational conditions. Materials and methods. To determine the levels of dialogical speech development, we have created a diagnostic program, criteria, and indicators for the development of dialogical speech in students with ID. Results. According to the results of the study, the high level of development of dialogical speech among primary schoolchildren with ID was not detected, 15.4 % of students showed sufficient level, 39.1 % — average level, 45.5 % had low level. Conclusion. Children with intellectual disabilities experience difficulties in independently formulating questions, choosing the necessary words in answers. In dialogue, younger schoolchildren with IP mostly use short, monotonous lines. Their answers are characterized by poor vocabulary, inaccurate use of words, morphological and syntactic agrammatism. This state of dialogical skills is due to the underdevelopment of coherent speech and basic mental operations such as analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, comparison, systematization; inability to transfer acquired skills to a conversation situation, narrowing of verbal contacts, cognitive passivity. Their speech lacks emotion due to the inability of children with IP to use intonation.

Structural, Semantic, and Pragmatic of Code-Switching in the Speech of Secondary School and University Students – A Secondary Publication

Code-switching is a complex phenomenon that varies in structure, semantics, and pragmatics in different communicative situations. The study aims to identify structural, semantic, and pragmatic characteristics of code-switching in the speech of Russian schoolchildren and University students learning English and German as foreign languages. The data are 157 utterances containing 165 code switches extracted from the oral spontaneous speech of 16 schoolchildren and 16 University students. Their bilingual speech samples were collected by means of non-participant observation and fixed with the help of a voice recorder for 32 hours (16 for schoolchildren and 16 for University students) from October to December 2021. Comparative analysis was used as the main method to interpret the features of schoolchildren’ and University students’ code-switching. The results of the research demonstrated that the most productive for schoolchildren were insertions proper and bare forms performing message-oriented pragmatic functions and intended to denote school objects associated with English classes. For University students most frequent structures were classical switches in the form of insertions properly performing message-oriented pragmatic functions. Semantically, code-switches among University students were more complicated since they were intended not only to denote specific University objects but also to express stylistically relevant shades of meaning. Though code-switching has already been studied within various frameworks, the correlation between structural, pragmatic, and semantic characteristics of code-switching in the speech of Russian-speaking school and University students has been under-researched, which provides originality of the present work.

КРИТЕРИИ ОТБОРА АУТЕНТИЧНЫХ ЛИНГВОСТРАНОВЕДЧЕСКИХ ТЕКСТОВ ДЛЯ ОБУЧЕНИЯ УСТНОЙ РЕЧИ СТУДЕНТОВ НА НАЧАЛЬНОМ ЭТАПЕ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ НЕМЕЦКОГО ЯЗЫКА В ЯЗЫКОВОМ ВУЗЕ

Criteria for Selecting Authentic Linguistic and Cultural Texts for Teaching Oral Speech to Students at the Initial Stage of the German Language at a Language University Summary The article is devoted to the study of effective teaching of oral speech of students at the initial stage of studying German in a language university, which depends on the careful selection of authentic linguo-cultural materials. The selection criteria should be focused on the target orientation, methodological approach, authenticity of resources, individualization of training, and a systematic approach. The correct choice of materials plays a key role in the formation of language competence and the successful development of students' oral speech. Key words: linguaculture, linguistic-cultural materials, selection criterion, authentic texts

METHODS OF EDUCATION OF STUDENTS' SPEECH CULTURE

The article presents ideas about teaching methods, ideas, recommendations on the methodology for the development of written and oral speech of students in the Kyrgyz literature lesson. In our proposed school, exams on methods of adapting students to speech and writing activities were conducted in experimental classes. Using the example of Kyrgyz literature lessons in grades 5-8, the principles and means of applying the methods are described. Currently, there is a need to actively use our state language, especially office work, but there is reason to believe that some representatives of our nation do not speak the Kyrgyz language well, are able to make sentences and write competently. One of the reasons for illiteracy in the field of speech culture and writing is that a child from an early age in the family, kindergarten, school, secondary and higher educational institutions receives little influence on the rich language of folk tales, songs, dastans, including the national epic “Manas".

ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT BASED LEARNING LEARNING MODEL BY UTILIZING YOUTUBE MEDIA TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' SPEECH SKILLS AT SMP NEGERI 3 MERAUKE

This research aims to analyze the project-based learning model (PjBL) using YouTube video media in student speech learning. The research subjects were carried out on class IX students in the odd semester of 2023. The research was carried out at SMP Negeri 3 Merauke, with a total of 37 students and the object of this research was speech skills. Data collection techniques use initial tests (pretest) and final tests (posttest), observation, and documentation. Data collection in this research was carried out by conducting tests, namely students' speeches before and after using YouTube media with reference to linguistic and non-linguistic aspects. The results of the research show that the use of YouTube media can improve speech skills and is very effective in teaching speeches for class IX students of SMP Negeri 3 Merauke with the results of comparing the average scores of students in the pretest and posttest with test statistics. t. It is known that the t-value obtained by t-test analysis is -8.627 with a standard deviation value of 7.260 and a p-value of 0.000. This means that there is an influence of the use of YouTube media on improving the speech skills of class XI students at SMP Negeri 3 Merauke.

Онлайн-переписка как пространство для формирования концептуальных основ лингводидактической деятельности (на примере курса «Письменная речь»)

The paper deals with the organization of linguistic education aimed at developing communicative and speech skills. The research concentrated on its textual component in foreign students as part of a writing course. The study was part of the project on linguistic and didactic potential of online correspondence, which highlighted a problem area in the speech behavior of foreign students who were in correspondence with Russian native speakers. The issue had to deal with the text organization of letters. The research team addressed the speech and thinking activity of the foreign students and, subsequently, turned to the cognitive tools for arranging the written and speech material, i.e., the frame. The frame analysis revealed a linguodidactic genre frame model with the stages of framing and reframing. During the framing stage, the students mastered the actual communicative-speech material to form the content of the subject-situational frame as an integral part of the genre frame. Further development was expansion-oriented. The framing made it possible to acquire textual norms, which led to the text frame, i.e., the second component of the genre frame. The reframing stage was aimed at developing the textual competence based on context complication and stylistic transformations of the original meanings. The article introduces various types of lexical, syntactical, and textual transformations, as well as stylistic transformations that allow non-native speakers to express the same meaning with stylistically diverse linguistic means.

Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Proses Pembelajaran Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Galesong Utara

This study aims to describe the use of diction in language politeness in the classroom learning process, the use of language politeness principles in the classroom learning process, and the communicative value of language politeness in the classroom learning process. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive method. The data source of this research was obtained from the speech of teachers and students of class VIII in the learning process of Indonesian language. The techniques used in data collection are recording, transcription, note-taking, and classification. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative which is by collecting, processing, analysing, and presenting the data objectively. The results showed the use of diction, politeness principles and communicative value. First, the use of diction in language politeness consists of utterances that use politeness markers try, good ma'am, please, and son, second, the use of principles of language politeness is in the form of obeying the maxim of praise, generosity, agreement and the maxim of sympathy, third, the communicative value of politeness is in the form of declarative sentences obeying the maxim of agreement, and sympathy; interrogative sentences obeying the maxim of wisdom and sympathy; and imperative sentences obeying the maxim of wisdom and the maxim of agreement.

PRACTICAL METHODS OF ORAL AND WRITTEN SPEECH DEVELOPMENT IN THE PHILOLOGICAL FIELD

This article is an overview of the practical methods used for the development of oral and written speech of students in the philological field of study. The focus is on effective strategies and techniques that help students develop the skills of argumentation, text analysis, critical thinking and literary analysis. Both classical and innovative teaching methods are considered, such as role-playing games, discussions, analysis of literary works using modern technologies. The author also discusses the importance of an individualized approach to the development of speech skills, taking into account the characteristics of each student and his needs. This article is a valuable resource for philology teachers, as well as for anyone interested in developing communication skills of a scientific and literary nature.

Distance Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Language Barriers and New Contents of Kazakh Society

The COVID-19 pandemic, which rocked humanity on Earth, changed people's attitudes, psychology, and way of life. Because of this situation, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an emergency of international importance, various scientific and clinical studies were conducted, and the people of the world had to adapt to the situation. In 2020–2022, it is known that the COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious challenge for the education system of the whole world. During the pandemic, schoolchildren and students of higher education institutions couldn't study in the traditional format, so they switched to the online mode. When the pandemic started, it was not easy to hold classes in a distance learning format. Both teachers and students of higher educational institutions had to learn ways to use information and communication technologies, new platforms, and tools and use them in the teaching process. The purpose, methodology, methodical materials, organizational forms of the lesson, selection of educational tools, and organization are related to pedagogical design. However, despite the systematic planning of classes, there were gaps in the organization of online training, such as the inability of all students to connect, poor internet access, lack of devices to use the internet, unsuitability, etc. All this interfered with the activities of students in the lesson process communicatively and pragmatically. Also, during distance learning, lexico-semantic barriers were encountered in the speech of students, which were influenced by cases when new terms began to be actively introduced into our language, difficulties with their interpretation, and limited ZOOM time for analyzing and interpreting the meaning of these words. These points were taken into account and analyzed in the article. The changes in the people's daily life in our country were also reflected in their language, i.e., since March 2020, our language has been supplemented with many new words, and several words and phrases have acquired new meanings. Some of them expanded the scope of work and moved from special medical and social spheres to general use. The article also paid attention to the types and usage of new language units that entered the vocabulary of the Kazakh language during the spread of the Coronavirus infection.

LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS' SPEECH CULTURE

This article discusses the linguistic aspects of the formation of students' speech culture. The special role of sections of linguistics in the culture of speech is determined. A review and analysis of the work of foreign and domestic linguists and methodologists was carried out. Within the framework of the new directions of the language, we are talking about the basic principles and methods that are used and guided in the development of the language manifestations of the student's speech culture. In our article, we pay attention to the opinions of such scientists as: N.Uali, B.Kaliuly, M.Balakaev, F.Orazbaeva, Zh.Dauletbekova and others. It is confirmed that the level of the student's personal culture should be differentiated in forming and developing the student's speech culture. We will focus on such concepts as the relationship between word culture and personal culture, language purity and language communication, literary language norm, language culture, and study their interrelationship. It will be confirmed that word culture is one of the Kazakh national values. Conclusions are made for opinions on the correct use of common language materials and vocabulary. We should not forget that such sections of linguistics as: grammar, lexicology and phraseology play a very important role in the formation and development of students' speech culture. Because it can be assumed that a student who understands the basic laws and rules of language layers can also improve their speech culture. Of course, the influence of extralinguistic factors cannot be ruled out. However, it is an unshakable axiom that the sections of linguistics are directly related to the concept of speech culture. In the course of general scientific work, that is, before the solution and methodology of a specific problem, one of the main conditions is to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations of this problem. Therefore, we devote this article to clarifying the linguistic aspects of the formation of students' speech culture.

The influence of a business game on the formation of the internal lexical-semantic context of a speech act: an empirical study

Introduction. Modern tendencies in education require the training of specialists for the labour market, taking into account the changing requirements and influence of the environment. The influence of sociocultural contexts is reflected in the system of human relations with the world, manifested in actions and motives, represented in the speech act. The individual internal lexical and semantic context of a speech act is deterministic by subjective predictors (type of communication, meaningful roles, consistency of the Self-real/Self-ideal, rigidly bound constructs). The article was aimed to show how the business game of the contextual type influences the formation of the individual internal lexical and semantic context of each student of the experimental group. Materials and Methods. The study covered two academic years and involved students (N=39) studying in the academic year 2021/22 in the 1st year and in the academic year 2022/23 in the 2nd year). A contextual type business game was developed for the study. The technique of repertoire lattices of J. Kelly, Cotherapeutic computer system «Kelly», methods of mathematical statistics (χ2 -Pearson for identifying the degree of consistency of nominative features - type of communication, consistency of I-real and I-ideal on the basis of role preferences) were used. Measurements were taken before and after the business game. The results were processed using the computer program «Statistica» (vers. 12). Results and discussion. It was revealed that the contextual type business game influenced the subjective predictors of individual internal lexical-semantic context of each student's speech act. Obtained on the basis of the technique of repertoire grids, personal bipolar constructs, processed in the computer system «KELLY», allowed to identify the role preferences and consistency of the real self and the ideal self, the type of communication, and individual rigidly connected constructs. Mathematical and static analysis revealed a statistically significant shift in the change in the type of communication (χ2 = 6.838; p < 0,05) before and after the business game. Conclusion. The experiment showed that a contextual business game creates conditions for the formation and development of communicative, conflict-related, sociocultural competencies.

DEVELOPING ORAL AND WRITTEN SPEECH OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS THROUGH INDEPENDENT READING OF EXAMPLES OF WORLD LITERATURE

This article talks about the development of oral and written speech of primary school students through independent reading of samples of world literature.

Problems of teaching literature in special schools of Uzbekistan: the correctional-pedagogical model of the speech development

This article reveals the correctional and pedagogical system for the development of the speech of hearing impaired students in the process of literary education. An innovative approach to the development of speech has been developed in the correctional pedagogical system; a methodological system has been created aimed at developing the skill of presenting the text of a read work of art; integration links have been established between the lessons of literary education and lessons on the development of speech, visual activity, lessons of familiarization with the outside world, the development of hearing perception and the formation of pronunciation skills; types of design activities have been developed that correspond to the level of speech and mental development of hearing impaired students for the process of literary education and ehtracurricular lessons.

The use of visual aids in the process of learning English

The article deals with the concept of visibility in didactics, types of visibility used at the lessons of foreign languages and its place in the communicative teaching method. The scientists’ investigations of the definition of the concept “visibility” are analysed. The research is based on the works of Jan Amos Komensky, O. S. Kazachiner, K. B. Karpov, A. S. Lurie and M. V. Lyakhovytskyi. The prospects for further research of the features of using different types of visualization for teaching vocabulary, grammar, and student speech are stated.

CLIL technology in teaching the English Language of Journalism

Importance. The scientific problem is identified, which consists in the need to study tools that develop the integrated subject-language competence of graduates of non-linguistic areas of study, which underlies the successful functioning of specialists in the labor market, as well as the purpose of the study is to show the importance of the subject-language integrated approach (CLIL) in the formation of this competence.Materials and Methods. Information about the object of study is given, which are educational materials used in teaching English journalism, as well as answers and speeches by students of advanced English language proficiency. The research methods, including observation, description, analysis and synthesis, are indicated.Results and Discussion. The specific author’s results of the conducted research are presented, including a description of the apparatus of exercises on the topic “Manipulation and psychology” in journalism, as well as answers and speeches of students. It is noted that most of the tasks are focused on obtaining professional knowledge using the English language. A foreign language is more a means than a goal of learning here. The purely linguistic component of the educational apparatus is small. However, during the course of study, relying mainly on the material of a subjectthematic orientation, students develop all types of speech activity (speaking, listening, reading, writing) and form appropriate language skills.Conclusion. It is proved that the most important place in the work on the topic is occupied by the preparation and presentation of the project. It is proved that subject-language integrated training is an effective method in the development of integrated subject-language competence of future journalists.

DEVELOPING STUDENTS' ABILITIES TO WORK WITH TEXT

This article talks about the formation of students' ways of working with professional texts in the Kazakh language in Russian-speaking groups. Because the effectiveness of new methods is always important. The author focused on the formation of speaking, writing, reading and listening skills of students in their specialty. The article not only gives tasks revealing aspects and subtleties of jurisprudence, but also contains information aimed at studying new terms. When writing the article, the authors paid special attention to tasks in the speech direction when working with the text, because they: develop mental activity; contribute to the formation of the use of the studied vocabulary and grammatical categories used in syntactic constructions. In the article, since the authors intend to form the mutual speech of students in their specialties, many tasks are set to create role-playing interviews, the ability to compose their own interviews using the example of ready-made interviews. There is also a training method, because any education begins with training. Scientific significance of the research work: the article contributes to the development of the Kazakh language in higher educational institutions. And practical significance: the results of the study can be used as additional educational material in practical classes.