Snow Tourism Research Articles

Image perception of ice and snow tourism in China and the impact of the Winter Olympics.

This study analyzes image perceptions of ice and snow tourism destinations in China. Using network text analysis on data from several online travel platforms such as Ctrip, Qunar, and Meituan, it further investigated how the Winter Olympics impacts destination image. Results reveal the following 1) The development patterns of ice and snow attractions in northern and southern China are different. 2) Ice and snow tourism destination imagination in China is generally positive. 3) The 2022 Winter Olympics has no significant influence on the image perception of ice and snow tourism destinations. The Winter Olympics increases tourists' interest in ice and snow tourism, but the lagging development of service and management levels in scenic spots cannot match the sudden increase in visitors. This study provides a reference for researchers to recognize the image of China's ice and snow tourism destinations and suggests ways for policymakers to promote such tourism attractions.

Assessment of thermal environment and thermal comfort in a typical composite ice shell building

Composite ice shell buildings are a special type of architecture found in severe cold regions and have played an important role in ice and snow tourism in recent years owing to their ability to offer tourists a romantic and novel experience. We conducted a field study to examine the thermal environment of a typical composite ice shell building in Harbin, China. In the unheated hall and separate small room, the indoor air had an average temperature and relative humidity of −20.64 °C and 76.94%, and −17.71 °C and 79.57%, respectively. Surface heat flux measurement of the north-facing building envelope revealed that the thermal properties of composite and plain ice differed significantly, suggesting that composite ice may have a lower thermal conductivity. The natural ventilation rate of 48,041 m3/h corresponded to an air change rate of 6.86 h−1, making the thermal environment highly susceptible to outdoor meteorological conditions. In addition, we conducted a questionnaire survey to study the thermal sensation and thermal comfort of the tourists. The results showed that the mean thermal sensation for the foot and head were approximately “cold " and “slightly cool”, respectively. The overall and mean thermal sensation for the hand were both between “cool” and “cold”, and the mean thermal comfort was approximately “slightly uncomfortable”. An adaptive thermal sensation prediction model suitable for composite ice shell buildings was developed through the study. These findings can assist in the design and construction of thermal environments that are better suited for short-term stays and specialty tourism.

A Strategic Study on the Sustainable Development of China's Sports and Ice Tourism Industry

With the rapid growth of society and economy, people's living standards are gradually improving. At the same time, due to global warming and environmental pollution, people are becoming more and more concerned about their health and environmental protection. Especially in recent years, winter sports have been rapidly popularized and promoted in China, and become an important activity loved by the general public. As one of the winter sports, ice sports, with its unique charm, attracts more and more people to participate in it, which promotes the rapid development of sports and snow tourism in China. However, we must be soberly aware that although China's sports and snow tourism has made great progress, it is still in its initial stage and there are many problems that need to be solved. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the sports and snow tourism industry from the theoretical level, aiming to explore a sustainable development path for the sports and snow tourism industry that suits the actual situation in China.

SEGURANÇA E PREVENÇÃO DE LESÕES ESPORTIVAS EM ESPORTES POPULARES NO GELO E NEVE

ABSTRACT Introduction: Following the development of ice and snow sports tourism projects, the hidden dangers of early extensive construction have gradually emerged. It mainly manifests itself in the sports safety of ice and snow sports tourism projects. Objective: Explore the management strategy of sports safety under the snow and ice sports tourism landscape. Methods: Literature research, interviews, and questionnaires were used to analyze the development in the study area of ice and snow tourism, the tourists themselves, and regional site construction. Finally, the paper analyzes strategies to improve sports safety management in related areas from the landscape manager's point of view. Results: The development of snow and ice sports tourism projects in the study area is satisfactory; however, due to the epidemic's impact, the current situation is relatively low, showing a trend of slow improvement. In terms of sports injury risk, after optimal training and safety management, the proportion of climatic characteristics of the site was 24.81%; the proportion of the population on the ski slopes was 40.92%; the proportion of equipment cleaning and maintenance was 59.23%; the degree of congestion on the ski slopes was 41.30%; the proportion of public safety was 34.42%; the proportion of basic emergency medical treatment was 32.30%; epidemics and other infectious diseases accounted for 83.13% of the total. Follow-up is done before the start, in the process, and after the occurrence of multiple managements. Conclusion: The safety management strategy of snow and ice sports tourism combines the factors of tourists and managers, and has great practical significance, so it is worthy of promotion. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

Research on the Brand Construction of Ice and Snow Tourism Destinations Supported by Information Technology

With the rapid development of tourism, people's awareness of tourism is constantly improving. After the successful bid for the 2015 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, more and more people began to contact ice and snow sports, and ice and snow tourism in China ushered in development opportunities, and the significance of brand construction became more and more important. This study analyzes the status quo of brand construction of ice and snow tourism destinations in China, and finds that there are some common problems in the brand construction of ice and snow tourism destinations in various regions, such as inadequate brand image publicity, imperfect facilities and low efficiency of brand management. At the same time, based on the existing problems, this study proposes that the advanced information technology can provide effective support and guarantee for the subsequent brand construction, accelerate the realization of the distinctive brand image publicity of ice and snow tourism destinations, the construction of complete tourism facilities and the improvement of brand management efficiency. Regional snow and ice tourism will gradually step into the modernization and intelligent development process under the support of information technology.

基于大数据的我国冰雪旅游产业融合发展策略研究

基于大数据的我国冰雪旅游产业融合发展策略研究

Retracted: Countermeasures for the Development of Data Integration of the Internet Ice and Snow Tourism Industry under the Background of Artificial Intelligence.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/8496766.].

Analysis of the Reciprocal Feedback between Glacier Tourism Development and Regional Economic Growth in Hailuogou

Ice and snow tourism has yielded considerable socioeconomic benefits, especially for the countries and regions that are rich in ice and snow resources. Boosted by the Beijing Winter Olympics, China’s ice and snow tourism economy is likely to usher in a period of high-quality development. This study utilized Hailuogou Glacier Forest Park, a relatively well-developed glacier tourism area in China, as the study area. We used data on the regional GDP of Ganzi Prefecture and the comprehensive tourism revenue of Hailuogou scenic area from the period of 1990–2021 to quantitatively analyze the reciprocal feedback relationships between the regional economic growth of Ganzi Prefecture and the development of Hailuogou glacier tourism. The analyses were performed through the construction of a VAR model and through conducting robustness tests using the instrumental variable method. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium cointegration relationship between regional economic growth in Ganzi Prefecture and tourism development in the Hailuogou scenic area, with each 1% increase in the former driving a corresponding growth of 2.01% in the latter. There is an asymmetric reciprocal feedback relationship between the economic growth of Ganzi Prefecture and the development of tourism in the Hailuogou scenic area. Economic growth in Ganzi Prefecture significantly contributes to the development of glacier tourism in Hailuogou over a longer period of time, with a contribution rate of 49%; meanwhile, the development of tourism in the Hailuogou scenic area has a limited effect on the quality and acceleration of economic development in Ganzi Prefecture, with a contribution rate of 16%. Based on the above results, relevant policy recommendations are proposed to provide a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the high-quality development of the Hailuogou scenic area in the post-COVID-19 and post-Winter Olympics era.

Study on Planning and Design of Ice and Snow Sports Tourism in Jilin Province under Changji-Tu Strategy

Using the literature method, with the basic theory of economic circle construction as the logical starting point, puts forward the Changji-Tu of ice and snow sports tourism economic circle construction strategy, This paper analyzes the advantages and characteristics of ice and snow tourism in Jilin Province under the framework of Changji-Tu development strategy, discusses the present situation of the tourism and ice-snow tourism overall planning, ice and ice tourism brand consciousness, develop ice and snow tourism market, provide theoretical reference for Jilin province regional economic development.

Evaluation and Prediction Model for Ice–Snow Tourism Suitability under Climate Warming

Studying the changes in tourist comfort is significant for improving the comfort of the tourism experience and for local tourism economies in the context of global warming. An evaluation and prediction model for ice–snow tourism suitability was constructed to objectively evaluate the suitability of ice–snow tourism environments and provided scientific tourism guidance for tourists. In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted on the monthly average temperature of the Jilin Province (China) over the past 40 years. The results show that in the last ten years, Jilin Province became hotter in the summer half-year and colder in the winter half-year. The corresponding climate comfort index (CCI) rose in the summer half-year and dropped in the winter half-year. The analysis showed that it was no longer suitable to evaluate the tourism experience in winter with the CCI alone. By comprehensively considering the CCI, the index of clothing, and the effects of precipitation, an evaluation and prediction model was constructed for an ice–snow tourism suitability index (ISTSI). The ISTSI comprehensively considered the influences of the environmental temperature, humidity, wind, and precipitation, as well as subjective human initiatives. The test results show that the ISTSI can quantify the degree of comfort of ice–snow tourism and objectively reflect the changes therein. The evaluation process was simpler than the previous methods.

The Ice-and-Snow Tourism in Harbin Met Its Waterloo: Analysis of the Causes of the Warm Winter with Reduced Snowfall in 2018/2019

Harbin, located in northeast China (NEC), has obvious monsoon climate characteristics due to the influence of its geographical environment. Under the control of the polar continental air mass, winter in Harbin is exceedingly cold and long, with the frequent invasion of the cold and dry air from the north. Because of its intensely cold climate in winter, Harbin has created a local form of tourism with its own characteristics: the snow and ice landscape attracts a large number of tourists. Therefore, the anomalies of air temperature and precipitation in winter have an important impact on the livelihood of the local people and economy. In the winter of 2018/2019, the ice and snow tourism in Harbin was harshly affected by the extreme weather, and the direct cause is the anomalies of atmospheric circulation. There is a center of strong positive geopotential height anomalies over east China, which favors the movement of warm air northwards to the NEC, resulting in warmer-than-normal air temperature. Anomalous precipitation is largely controlled by the anomalies of local water vapor and air temperature. The aim of this study was to determine whether the warmer-than-normal temperature, which made the atmosphere more resistant to saturation, was the primary cause of the reduced snowfall. The relative importance of water vapor and air temperature anomalies to the anomalous precipitation was compared. The results suggest that the warmer-than-normal temperature affected all levels, but its impact on the near-surface level was greater. At the middle and upper levels (above 850 hPa), in addition to the warmer-than-normal temperature, the amount of water vapor was less than normal. These conditions both reduced the amount of snow; however, by comparison, the dryness of the air contributed more significantly.

Sustainable Development of Ice and Snow Tourism—Theory & Empirical Studies: Preface

The Beijing Winter Olympics brought a historical miracle to the development of China's ice and snow tourism. It is both an opportunity and a challenge to reap the extra dividends of the times and to develop China's ice and snow tourism. By selecting 18 academic papers, this special issue deeply discusses the status quo and the future measures of ice and snow tourism in China from three aspects: ice and snow tourism development and management, the ice and snow tourism experience and its influencing factors, and ice and snow tourism impact assessment. Moreover, one part entitled “Tourism Culture and Ecotourism” has been set up to emphasize those cutting-edge research topics. It is worth mentioning that this issue is in-depth and has profound connotations. First of all, the research area ranges from national to regional to the city-level, including both longitudinal and horizontal research. In additon, the research methods are practical, innovative, and at the frontier of scientific research, and include industrial correlation analysis methods, kernel density, spatial autocorrelation and other geospatial analysis methods, content analysis methods, sentiment analysis methods, structural equation models, Delphi methods, spatial statistics methods, geographic detector method and many others. In general, this special issue combines qualitative research with quantitative research, provides a variety of theoretical perspectives such as perceived value theory, institutional evolution theory, etc., and builds various useful models like the pre-competition evaluation model for ice and snow tourism heritage, the consumption skill-travel radius decision-making influence model under the moderating effect of the ski resort comprehensive leisure environment, the evaluation model of the suitability of glacier tourism resource development, the model of the relationship between tourists' experience value and loyalty in the context of ice and snow tourism, among others. These studies are expected to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the development of ice and snow tourism in the post-Winter Olympics era, and help ice and snow tourism develop in a sustainable and high-quality direction.

A Pre-Game Evaluation of the Tourism Legacy Of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games

The role of tourism in social and economic development and stabilizing the Olympic legacy has been widely discussed. Beijing is the first “Dual-Olympic City”. For the first time, the Beijing Winter Olympics has adopted a model of three competition areas, which has attracted much attention to the study of its tourism legacy. In the legacy plan, the construction of the “Beijing-Zhangjiakou Sports Culture and Tourism Belt” was proposed. The development of ice and snow tourism and the cultivation of the ice and snow tourism market is also reflected in many policy documents and government actions. The scientific planning before the competition laid a good foundation for the sustainable development of its ice and snow tourism heritage. This research combines Olympic legacy research with tourism destination theory, and focuses on ice and snow tourism directly related to the Winter Olympics and the significance of pre-event planning for legacy protection. At the same time, the improvement of the quality of ice and snow tourism destinations is embedded in the pre-Olympic legacy, and opinions and suggestions on how to ensure the stability of the legacy after the games are given. This study uses the literature review method and the second-hand materials survey research method, then through establishing a tourism legacy pre-game evaluation model and the use of geographic information, government reports, policies, publicly released statistics and news reports, etc.. It explores the legacy of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics, aiming to lay the foundation for preserving the continuous value of the ice and snow tourism legacy during and after the Olympics. The results indicate that the Beijing Winter Olympics has made relatively complete plans and reliable progress in both tangible and intangible legacy. Complete tourism infrastructure, an optimistic sport and cultural atmosphere, and the improvement of residents' health concept and sports awareness have become boosters for the development of ice and snow tourism in the Beijing-Zhangjiakou region.

Evaluation and Promotion Model of Tourist Satisfaction in Ice and Snow Tourism Destinations

The successful bid for the Beijing Winter Olympics has brought historic opportunities for the development of ice and snow tourism in China. An index system for the evaluation of tourist satisfaction in ice and snow tourism destinations was constructed from the target layer-factor layer-index layer approach in this paper. Taking tourists with ice and snow tourism experience as the research object, and integrating a questionnaire survey and the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method, a total of 840 valid questionnaires were collected to assess the satisfaction of tourists in snow and ice tourism destinations, and the promotion model of tourist satisfaction in ice and snow tourism destinations was put forward. This process led to three main results. (1) Ice and snow tourists in China are characterized as young and better-educated, with college students aged 19 to 25 as the main consumer group. More than 70% of ice and snow tourists are pretty satisfied with the current development of ice and snow destinations in China, and are willing to participate again. (2) Other than “ice and snow souvenirs”, tourists' perceptions of importance are all higher than the level of perceived satisfaction, and the importance values of the 13 indicators including “Scenic spot security” and “Diversity of ice and snow entertainment and sports” are especially high, showing that tourists have high expectations and demands of the destinations. However, the perceived satisfaction level of tourists for all indexes is generally low, mostly at the general satisfaction level, indicating that ice and snow tourism destinations have only partially met the demands of ice and snow tourists, and there is still much room for improvement. (3) After IPA analysis, five suggestions for improving the satisfaction of tourists in ice and snow tourism destinations were put forward, including diversification of the tourism business model, construction of tourism facilities, a market diversified cultivation model, a humanized mode of tourism service and a refined management model. The results of this study will help to enrich the theory of ice and snow tourist satisfaction and promote the high-quality development of China′s ice and snow tourism in the post-Winter Olympics era.

Artificial Intelligence Algorithms in Ice and Snow Tourism Promotion from Digital Technology

The present work is aimed at using the artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to study the promotion and publicity of ice and snow tourism (IST). Firstly, the urgent needs of IST external publicity are analyzed based on digital technology. Besides, the dynamic vision sensor technology is used to collect data in the distributed Internet of Things structure of the IST publicity system. Then, the AlexNet algorithm is combined with the digital logic method. The research assumption is that the complete IST image based on AI can be formed according to the AlexNet algorithm. The improved AlexNet algorithm and Chi-square test implement the IST poster emotion recognition and IST publicity model. Then, the intelligent customer service of the IST publicity platform is studied. The results demonstrate that after 120 iterations, the accuracy of the sports-oriented publicity method based on AlexNet can reach about 75%. In addition, the accuracy of the recommended IST publicity algorithm based on AlexNet is close to 90% after 80 iterations. Therefore, the model’s accuracy is improved by at least 9.6% compared with the traditional method. The research has practical application value for the digital and intelligent development of the IST industry.

Ecological Efficiency Analysis of Ice and Snow Environmental Sports Industry Based on Input-Output Evaluation System

There are still some problems in China's ice and snow environmental sports industry, such as an unbalanced industrial structure and insufficient utilization of ecological resources. In order to achieve leap-forward development, the ice and snow sports industry needs to further optimize the allocation of input-output resources, enhance the overall technical capability, and improve the efficiency level of the industry. This study takes five cities of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, and Beijing as the research objects, constructs the input-output evaluation system of the ice-snow sports industry, measures the input-output-efficiency level of ice-snow environmental sports industry in China, and studies and analyzes the relationship between efficiency level and industrial input-output. Furthermore, this paper compares and analyzes the traditional total factor productivity and green total factor productivity of the ice and snow environmental sports industry and discusses the influencing mechanism of ecosystem efficiency of the ice-snow sports industry. The results show that the input/output ratio of different regions in 2018 was Heilongjiang (1.12) > Liaoning (1.09) > Beijing (1.08) > Hebei (1.06) > Jilin (0.81). The change in input and output level is the direct influencing factor leading to the change of efficiency, while efficiency is the core to promote the development of the ice and snow environmental sports industry. Comparing traditional and green total factor productivity, it can be found that the GameMaker Language (GML) index of green total factor productivity in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, and Beijing has increased by 10.50%, 9.59%, 12.22%, 11.34%, and 20.29%, respectively, in 2013. In most cases, the green total factor productivity is higher than the traditional total factor productivity, showing an environment-friendly development. The development of the ice and snow environmental sports industry, talents in the ice and snow tourism industry, urbanization level and promotion of sports cultural products in the ice and snow environment are the main external influencing factors, while the internal influencing factors are mainly reflected in the industrial structure, ownership structure, industrial relevance, industrial agglomeration degree, industrial layout, industrial scale, and differentiation of industrial product.

Dynamic Resource Allocation and Forecast of Snow Tourism Demand Based on Multiobjective Optimization Algorithm.

This paper aims to map the task of reliable transmission of wireless sensor networks. At the same time, this paper transforms the mapping problem of wireless sensor networks into a problem of reducing the energy consumption of mapping under many constraints such as reliability and scheduling length and uses discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm to map. For optimization, the algorithm performs iterative calculations to obtain the best mapping node for each operation so that the inertia coefficient of the existing particle swarm optimization algorithm is improved and linearly minimized with the number of iterations. When resource-demanding tasks need to allocate dynamic resources to multiple nodes to complete collaboratively, adding the mapping principle of the nearest node in the discrete particle swarm optimization mapping reduces the energy consumption of communication between tasks. An in-depth analysis of the influencing factors of the ice and snow tourism market shows that the per capita disposable income of urban residents and the number of urban residents have a significant impact on the ice and snow tourism market demand. In addition, regression analysis and demand-based forecasting are important methods to analyze the scale and development trend of tourism. At the same time, it shows an important position in the purpose of urban tourism and regional market share so as to provide a basis for decision-making in tourism destination marketing. This paper mainly studies and analyzes the wireless sensor network and further introduces it into dynamic resource allocation and ice and snow tourism, which can promote the continuous development of dynamic resource allocation and ice and snow tourism.

Study on the Development Status of Ice and Snow Tourism in Liuyang City

Study on the Development Status of Ice and Snow Tourism in Liuyang City

Countermeasures for the Development of Data Integration of the Internet Ice and Snow Tourism Industry under the Background of Artificial Intelligence.

Under the background of “Internet + Ice and Snow Tourism,” the tourism industry has ushered in new development opportunities and external challenges. “Internet + tourism” breeds a new huge tourism market. This new market consists of netizens + purchasing power + purchasing desire. This paper mainly selects the integration of mobile ice and snow tourism and tourism and leisure industry as the main research subject, focusing on the in-depth study of the future development trend of the integration of ice and snow tourism and leisure industry and the mobile Internet industry. The analysis found that the tourism industry in the ice and snow area mainly has the following problems: the division of functional areas is not clear, there is a large gap between service innovation capabilities and industrial demand, and the level of industrial informatization is inconsistent with development goals and the lack of market service credit. On the basis of combining tourism Internet service platform and big data marketing experience, creatively propose to create a new development pattern of “one network, three places and one platform” for ice and snow tourism, promote the “Three New Coverage Projects” of the tourism network, and build a new cross-business cooperation mechanism of “Internet + Tourism”; rely on Internet marketing and publicity measures to enhance the development of tourism service integrity and other countermeasures; use Internet thinking to solve the problems of tourism industry development; and provide suggestions for the innovative development of the tourism industry in the ice and snow regions and the entire autonomous region. The implementation of these countermeasures predicts that the local economy will increase by at least 51.28%, so the development of the “Internet + ice and snow tourism” type industry in combination with the actual situation is not waiting.

The Low-Carbon Effect Measurement of the Structural Adjustment of the Ice and Snow Industry Based on Artificial Intelligence

Ice and snow economy is an economy characterized by ice and snow, and its foundation is ice and snow resources. The ice and snow economy covers the tertiary industry of ice and snow activities, and its core power comes from ice and snow tourism, which promotes the common development of manufacturing, transportation, catering, retail, and other industries. This paper studies the low-carbon effect measurement analysis of the structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry based on artificial intelligence, which proves that the economic benefits and carbon emissions of the structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry will be greatly improved after the addition of artificial intelligence technology. For this research, a series of investigation experiments are conducted, and the ice and snow industry in Heilongjiang Province is selected for analysis. First, the important position of artificial intelligence technology in today’s information society and its practicality are fully analyzed, and then its feasibility in combination with the structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry is analyzed. Second, it analyzes the characteristics of the structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry while taking into account its requirements for measuring low-carbon effects. The mathematical model of industrial structure optimization based on low-carbon constraints is adopted in the application model of artificial intelligence technology in the adjustment of the ice and snow industry structure, and the effects of carbon emissions before and after structural adjustments in the ice and snow industry are calculated to achieve a better industrial structure adjustment plan. Experimental data shows that with the help of artificial intelligence in the process of structural adjustment of the ice and snow industry, the average income of residents has increased by nearly 7%, and the transformation of the ice and snow industry’s contribution to the reduction of carbon emissions has rapidly increased to 12.24%.