Serratula Research Articles

Influence of plant polyphenols and medicinal plant extracts on antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli

To investigate the influence of polyphenols and plant extracts on the susceptibility of Escherichia coli to antibiotics. Susceptibility of E. coli to antibiotics in the presence of extracts and polyphenols was estimated by the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). To study gene expression, we used strains of E. coli carrying fusions between promoters of genes katG, sodA, iucC and structural β-galactosidase gene. Treatment with polyphenols and some plant extracts significantly decreased the antibacterial effects of antibiotics, to a larger extent, ciprofloxacin. The most remarkable protective effect was observed for the extracts of Chamerion (Epilobium) angustifolium, Filipendula vulgaris, Tanacetum vulgare and Serratula coronata. These extracts increased the MICs of ciprofloxacin by four and more times. In case of kanamycin, extracts of Artemisia austriaca and Artemisia pontica increased MICs by four and eight times, respectively. Polyphenol quercetin also caused protective effect against ciprofloxacin, increasing the MIC by four times. A positive correlation was found between protective effects of polyphenols and extracts and their antioxidant activity. Medicinal plant extracts and polyphenols may protect cells of E. coli against antibiotic toxicity. The results of this study may be used to enhance the efficiency of antibacterial therapies.

Acid-base properties of lignins from the medicinal plants roseroot stonecrop Rhodiola rosea and saw-wort Serratula coronata

The acid-base properties of dioxane lignins from the roseroot stonecrop (Rhodiola rosea L.) and the saw-wort (Serratula coronata L.) have been studied by spectrophotometrically determining the ionization constants for phenol hydroxyl groups. A correlation between the molecular masses of the fractions of lignins and their acid-base properties has been established.

Ecological relations of agricultural populations of ecdysteroid-containing plants Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin and Serratula coronata L. with herbivorous insects report 2. Composition variability of phytoecdysteroids in agrocenoses and their role in the vulnerability of plants to phytophagans

The accumulation and variability of ecdysteroids, which are analogs of the insect molting hormones, were studied during ontogeny of agricultural populations of Rhaponticum carthamoides (Leuzea carthamoides DC.) and Serratula coronata with relation to the plant age and cultivation conditions. The physiological role of ecdysteroids in the ecological interactions with pests was evaluated. It was found that the enhancement of herbivore activity coincided with biochemical changes in the composition of ecdysteroids having different physiological activities and was accompanied by damage to reproductive organs. During ontogenetic (age-related) changes and seasonal development in the vegetation season, the content of the physiologically active ecdysteroid 20-hydroxyecdysone decreased and relatively moderately active inokosterone and weakly active ecdysone were accumulated in reproductive shoots. Accumulation of the weakly active ecdysteroid ecdysone in phytomass is affected by environmental conditions and anthropogenic factors of cultivation. The factors contributing to the damage potential are environmental microclimate, relief features of population locations, and agrotechnical measures (frequency of phytomass removal, excessive moisture content in the rooting layer).

Ecological relations of agricultural populations of ecdysteroid-containing plants Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin and Serratula coronata L. to herbivorous insects. Report 1

Accumulation of phytoecdysteroids in agricultural populations of R. carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin and S. coronata L. and their resistance to insect herbivores in different ontogenetic periods were investigated for 16 years. As a result of the investigations, species-specific features of ecdysteroid accumulation in vegetative and reproductive plant organs were determined; relationships between the distribution of phytoecdysteroids in the structure of plants and ecological interactions with insects have been revealed; the factors contributing to insect infestation have been studied; and the pest damage has been evaluated.

Extraction of Ecdysterone-80 from Serratula coronata L. and evaluation of its pharmacological actions. II. Cardioprotective properties. Effects on hormone- transmitter balance in chronic cardiac failure

Experiments on animals (white rats) showed that “Ecdysterone-80” has a beneficial neurohormonal profile in experimental chronic cardiac failure (CCF), decreasing and in terms of some measures eliminating the hormone-transmitter imbalances characteristic of CCF. In addition, the study compound significantly decreased lethality among the animals and prevented the development of myocardial hypertrophy. These results may be of value for scientific investigations and for the introduction of production technology for a new pharmaceutical agent containing ecdysteroids from S. coronata with marked adaptogenic, gastroprotective, and antihypoxic actions (see communication I), along with cardioprotective properties.

Extraction of ecdysteron-80 from Serratula coronata L. and assessment of its pharmacological action. Part I. Adaptogenic, gastroprotective, thermoprotective, and antihypoxic activity

A method for extracting ecdysteroids from Serratula coronata L. for the new phytopreparation Edcysterone-80 is proposed. Experiments on white rats established that this preparation has pronounced adaptogenic, antihypoxic, gastroprotective, and thermoprotective properties. Results of this study can be applied both in basic research and in the development of production technology for the new pharmaceutical preparation based on ecdysteroids of Serratula coronata.

ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ В ИЗУЧЕНИИ БИОЛОГИИ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin И Serratula coronata L.

The author discusses the role, meaning and sphere of usage of phytoecdysteroids, considers their sources and the state of basic material, problems of cultivation of Leuiea carthamoides and Serratula coronata. The sum on previous stages of introduction was considered. The analysis of cultivation problems in connection with ecological stability of plants in cenosis was presented. The necessity of in-depth ontogenetic and biomorphological investigations by means of creation of large-scale and balanced ecologically of agropopulations.

Serratula wolffii, as a source of new ecdysteroids

Serratula wolffii, as a source of new ecdysteroids

Hemorheological and actoprotective activity of Serratula coronata extract in exhausting physical exercise in rats

Studies on rat model of exhausting physical exercise showed that Serratula coronata extract administered in a dose of 150 mg/kg for 14 days exhibited hemorheological activity, which manifested in reduced blood viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation and in increased erythrocyte deformability. Actoprotective effect of the test extract was observed only in trained animals.

Cerebrosides from the Roots of Serratula chinensis

A new cerebroside, 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,8E)-2-[(2'R)-2-hydroxy- palmitoylamino]-8-octadecene-1,3-diol, along with aralia cerebroside and 1-O-beta-D- glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-[(2'R)-2-hydroxybehenoylamino]-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol were isolated from the roots of Serratula chinensis S. Moore. The structure of the new cerebroside was established by spectroscopic and chemical means. Occurrence of cerebrosides in Serratula is reported here for the first time.

Antimicrobial activity of natural ecdysteroids from Serratula coronata L. and their acyl derivatives

Natural ecdysteroids isolated from Serratula coronata L., including 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-HE), 25-S-inokosterone, and ecdysone, did not exhibit antimicrobial activity with respect to most standard test microbe cultures. The introduction of the acetyl group into the 20-HE molecule significantly increased the antibacterial activity with respect to microbes inducing inflammatory and purulent processes. Acyl derivatives of 20-hydroxyecdysone can be suggested for use in wound-healing compositions

Low-Polarity Phytoecdysteroids from the Juice of Serratula coronata L. (Asteraceae)

Eleven phytoecdysteroids have been isolated and identified from the low polarity fractions of Serratula coronata juice by a combination of column chromatography and HLPC. Four of them are new, i.e. ecdysone 22-acetate 7, (25S)-inokosterone 26-acetate 9, 20,22-O-(R-ethylidene)-20-hydroxyecdysone 10 and 20,22-O-(R-ethylidene)-ajugasterone C 11. The biological activity of these new ecdysteroids in the Drosophila melanogaster BII cell bioassay is reported.

Septoria cirsii . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria cirsii . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot, leaf blight (VURRO et al. , 1993), drying of leaves, perforation of leaf tissues, sometimes causing defoliation. HOSTS: Cirsium altissimum, C. appendiculatum, C. arvense, C. discolor, C. erisithales, C. heterophyllum, C. hillii, C. incanum, C. iowense, C. lanceolatum, C. laniflorum, C. leo, C. oleraceum, C. rivulare, C. segetum , C. setosum , C. vulgare , Saussurea sp., Serratula coronata, S. quinquefolia, S. radiata ( Asteraceae ). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. ASIA: Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Republic of Georgia [ www.cybertruffle.org.uk/gruzmaps/index.htm ], Iran, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Russia (West Siberia, Far East), Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. EUROPE: Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Ukraine [ www. cybertruffle. org. uk/ukramaps/index. htm ]. TRANSMISSION: By airborne or splash-dispersed conidia from infected plant debris. Spores in droplets in suspension have been used in inoculation experiments.

Monitoring the antioxidant activity of extracts originated from various Serratula species and isolation of flavonoids from Serratula coronata

The antioxidant effect of aqueous methanolic herb extracts of Serratula coronata, S. wolffii and S. tinctoria was investigated using both enzyme-dependent and enzyme-independent systems. The extracts displayed concentration-dependent inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Flavonoids and ecdysteroids present in the extracts were evaluated as antioxidant components. The flavonoid-containing fraction of the herb extract of S. coronata was more effective in lipid peroxidation than the ecdysteroid-containing fraction. This paper also reports the isolation of quercetin 3- O-methyl ether, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, luteolin 4′β- d-glucoside and quercetin 4′β- d-glucoside from S. coronata.

Cell Cultures of Ecdysteroid-Containing Ajuga reptans and Serratula coronata Plants

Cell suspension cultures of Ajuga reptans L. and Serratula coronata L. were derived from long-cultured calluses. Their growth patterns and morphophysiological characteristics indicated that these cells adapted well to grow in suspensions. During the growth cycle of cell suspension, the main ecdysteroid, among others present in plants, was 20-hydroxyecdyson (20E) for both cell lines. The content of 20E in cell suspension of A. reptans was 4–8 times higher than in the intact plant. After long culturing, the ecdysteroid profile in cell suspensions of S. coronata (20E, inokosterone, makisterone A, ecdyson, and a nonidentified metabolite) became similar to that of the intact plant. The ecdysteroids accumulated with a periodicity during subculturing cycle.

Phytoecdysteroids from the juice of Serratula coronata L. (Asteraceae)

Seven phytoecdysteroids have been isolated from Serratula coronata L.. One of them is a new phytoecdysteroid, 3- epi-20-hydroxyecdysone. Two further ecdysteroids, 20-hydroxyecdysone 22-acetate and taxisterone, are isolated from this species for the first time in addition to the typical S. coronata ecdysteroids, 20-hydroxyecdysone, ecdysone, ajugasterone C and polypodine B. The juice squeezed from aerial parts of fresh plants of S. coronata was extracted with ethyl acetate. The ecdysteroids were isolated by a combination of chromatographic techniques (mainly HPLC) and identified by 1D and 2D 1H and 13C NMR experiments and mass-spectrometry. The biological activities of 3- epi-20-hydroxyecdysone ( EC 50=1.6×10 −7 M), taxisterone ( EC 50=9.5×10 −8 M) and ajugasterone C ( EC 50=6.2×10 −8 M) have been determined in the Drosophila melanogaster B II bioassay for ecdysteroid agonist activity.

Effects of mowing and removing litter on reproductive shoot modules of some plant species in abandoned meadows of Monte San Giorgio

Reproductive shoot modules have been counted in a permanent plot experiment on Monte San Giorgio (Southern Switzerland) since 1988. The 8 species presented here, including the dominant grass (Molinia arundinacea) and seven locally abundant species, two grasses (Danthonia alpina, Bromus erectus), a sedge (Carex flacca) and four forbs (Centaurea bracteata, Anthericum ramosum, Serratula tinctoria, Inula hirta) changed considerably from year to year. Mowing negatively affected cover and standing crop proportions of M. arundinacea and positively influenced the number of reproductive shoot modules of most species. Removing litter did not affect the cover of M. arundinacea but mainly increased its number of reproductive shoot modules. It is concluded that density of reproductive shoots is very sensitive to weather condi¬ tions and different treatments.

3-O-methylquercetin from Serratula inermis

3-O-methylquercetin from Serratula inermis

THE GROWTH REGULATORS AND MICRONUTRIENTS ROLE UNDER THE HERBS INTRODUCTION IN TO CULTURE

With the introduction of new species of medicinal plants there is a change in their usual ecological condition. Unstable weather conditions and phytopathogens can have a negative influence on crop yields. In this article discussed some aspects exogeny management of adaptation processes for new introduced medicinal plants: Lycopus europaeus L., Arctium lappa L., Serratula coronata L. Application of plant growth regulator Dvau for rooting cuttings and binary mixtures of growth regulator Zircon and organomineral (Absolute,Ecofus) or silicon fertilizers (Siliplant) in fields on gypsywort promotes resistance to adverse weather conditions and reduced crop losses in low moisture and high temperatures of 16-20%, with high humidity and low temperature – 23-25%. On greater burdock it is shown that insufficient water supply has a negative impact on growth processes: the area of the assimilating surface of plants decreases by 17%, the mass of roots - by 13%. Double treatment of plants with silicon-containing microfertilizer Siliplant eliminates the negative impact of drought and increases the yield of roots (medicinal raw materials) by 17-18%. Abiotic and biotic stresses can have a negative impact on the yield and quality of medicinal raw materials of Serratula coronata. Application of microfertilizer Ferovit in dry weather conditions increases the area of the assimilating surface by 28-30%, the yield of raw materials (grass) by 20-25%. One of the biotic stress on Serratulais is the defeat of plants by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum D.C.). Complex application of the growth regulator Zircon and microfertilizer Ferovit provided a more rapid passing of phenological stages, which allowed to begin the harvest before plants defeat by powdery mildew and to exclude from the agrotechnology the use of fungicides.