Research Interviews Research Articles

Research on implementation factors of product ecological design based on digital collaboration

To assist enterprises in adapting to the challenges of the digital era during the product eco-design stage, based on the synergistic symbiosis theory and the eco-strategy wheel, combined with literature research and expert interviews, this study identifies 11 factors for enterprises to realize product eco-design under digital collaboration. In this study, the Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was used to aggregate the identified 11 factors into four factor sets: strong cause, weak cause, strong result, and weak result; and the Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) was used to create a multilevel recursive model of product eco-design for digital collaboration. The study's findings show that: digital collaborative product eco-design is a combination of intra-organizational, intra-organizational, and external organizational synergies; and digital collaboration improves the efficiency of eco-design technology acquisition. This research provides a scientific foundation for company managers to make product eco-design decisions in the context of the worldwide digitalization trend.

A Study on Consumer Preference towards Britannia Biscuits

This research aims to conduct an in-depth study on consumer preferences regarding Britannia Biscuits, a prominent brand in the food and snack industry. Britannia has been a longstanding player, offering a diverse range of biscuits that cater to the varying tastes of consumers. Utilizing a mixed-methods research design, including surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions, this study seeks to unravel the factors influencing consumer preferences for Britannia Biscuits. Key objectives include analyzing consumer perceptions of product quality, taste, packaging, and brand loyalty. The study aims to identify the most popular biscuit variants and the reasons behind their popularity among consumers. Additionally, it seeks to understand the impact of marketing strategies and consumer demographics on the preferences for Britannia Biscuits. The findings of this research are anticipated to provide valuable insights for Britannia and other players in the food industry, assisting them in refining their product offerings and marketing approaches to better align with consumer preferences.

A Comparison of Otolaryngology Residency Applicants Over Time and to Other Surgical Applicants.

Understand how otolaryngology residency applicant characteristics have changed over time and compare them to those of other surgical subspecialties. Retrospective analysis of academic, extracurricular, and application data in the Texas Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency databases. Applicants to otolaryngology, neurological surgery, ophthalmology, plastic surgery, urology, and orthopedic surgery applicants from 2019 to 2023. Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon rank sum, Fischer's exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare temporal, match-based, and subspecialty differences in applicant characteristics. Across 4 match cycles and 541 otolaryngology applicants, significant differences were found in the average number of honored clerkships per applicant (P = 0.044), the percentage of matched applicants (P = 0.017), and the average number of research experiences (P < 0.001), peer-revied publications (P = 0.002), applied programs (P < 0.001), and interviews received (P = 0.041). Relative to their unmatched counterparts, matched applicants frequently received more interviews, belonged to higher academic quartiles, and were more likely to belong to academic honor societies (all P < 0.05). Matched applicants exhibited significant differences in the number of research experiences (P = 0.002), peer-reviewed publications (P = 0.004), and applied programs across cycles (P < 0.001). Relative to applicants from other surgical subspecialties, otolaryngology applicants exhibited high amounts of extracurricular involvement, were on par in terms of research output, and received a low proportion of interviews despite applying to a high number of programs. Matching into otolaryngology has become increasingly competitive and is as competitive as peer surgical subspecialties. Strong academic performance, judicious program signaling, increased research involvement, and holistic factors like letters of recommendation may help applicants successfully match.

Towards Institutionalised TVET Research in Costa Rica–Empirical Analysis on Status, Needs, and Challenges

Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Costa Rica is considered as an important alternative for the insertion of the young population into the labor market. However, despite the increasing importance of TVET there is a lack of institutionalized research activities, so that research efforts on TVET mainly remain in the background. The aim of this paper is to present and examine the level of institutionalization of TVET research in Costa Rica and the associated needs, challenges, and demands. Therefore, qualitative research, with an exploratory scope, was conducted between December 2022 and June 2023, for which a literature review on TVET research and semi-structured interviews with sixteen experts were carried out. The results revealed, that from 2020 to date, there has been an increase in the number of research activities in TVET and in the number of publications in Costa Rican journals. Nevertheless, TVET institutions in Costa Rica show low capacities in terms of personnel and financial resources to conduct TVET research. The main conclusion is that the level of institutionalization of TVET Research in Costa Rica is in its infancy, but has potential for growth, for which it is necessary to establish public TVET policies that include TVET research.

Assessing the Potential of Digital Tools to Enhance Transparency and Traceability in The Cocoa Value Chain in Ivory Coast

Problem The cocoa industry in Ivory Coast faces significant challenges related to market access, income and transparency despite being the leading global cocoa exporter. Research Aim Therefore, this mixed-methods study aimed to assess digital solutions to address these issues by improving traceability and empowering Ivorian cocoa producers. Research Method Surveys and interviews were conducted with 12 farmers in Lôh Djiboua, 5 buyers, and 3 experts. Results The key findings revealed that 72.7 per cent of farmers were willing to adopt a mobile app to enhance productivity and connect with buyers. However, barriers like limited digital literacy and poor rural infrastructure were identified. Implications and Recommendations The findings in this research would be highly relevant to cocoa cooperatives and associations, cocoa buyers and exporters in Ivory Coast, government agencies and policymakers, international development organizations, and academic researchers. In addition, the recommendations include expanding digital networks through partnerships, implementing training programs for farmers, and ensuring user-friendly app interfaces. Further research should evaluate improvements in the value chain after application implementation. Conclusions Overall, the study demonstrated that tailored mobile-based innovations can benefit cocoa value chain actors by increasing transparency.

Self-sufficiency communities for economic development: Urban perspectives in an emerging country

In the context of rapid urbanization and economic growth in emerging countries, the concept of self-sufficiency communities has gained prominence as an innovative approach to urban economic development (Bolay, 2006; Losch et al., 2012; Kong et al., 2022). This study focuses on self-sufficiency communities in Thailand, exploring their potential, challenges, and impact on economic development. Using qualitative research techniques, document analysis, and interviews with stakeholders, including academics and experts, the study revealed that self-sufficiency communities play a multifaceted role as job creators, income generators, and economic catalysts. Technology adoption and community empowerment were identified as critical drivers of success. Despite challenges such as limited land access and regulatory hurdles, there is a commitment to exploring collaborative opportunities and policy support to promote urban self-sufficiency as a sustainable and economically viable model. These findings have significant implications for policymakers and researchers, offering insights into the potential and challenges of self-sufficiency communities within the context of urban economic development. This research contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable urbanization and inclusive growth in emerging economies.

Preferences for Physical Examination Service in Community Health Service Center in China: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Physical examination services play a crucial role in the early detection of diseases, improving the effectiveness of treatment. However, the current physical examination services provided by community health service centers are limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the aspects of physical examination services that are most valued by residents. Identify and develop attributes and levels through literature research and expert group interviews. A discrete choice experiment was designed. The main effects design gives rise to 16 choice sets. The 16 choice sets were grouped into 2 blocks, and respondents were randomly assigned to one of the blocks. In each choice set, respondents were asked to choose from two alternatives with an opt-out option. In 2023, the discrete choice experiment was administered in several community health service centers within a China population sample. A mixed logit and a latent class analysis were conducted. Participants (n = 399) preferred to receive health advice service. The services provided by the basic team with clinical experts are preferred over those provided solely by the basic team. The results indicated a preference for a participant to be serviced by face-to-face or telephone compared with WeChat. Low cost is also preferred. As participants grow older, their preference for face-to-face or telephone-based services increased. As participants' service demand increase, participants more preferred to receive interpretation of physical examination report and follow-up of important abnormal results, participants more preferred to be serviced by basic team with clinical experts or basic team with health manager etc. We should improve the construction of the service team, optimize the service mode, expand the scope of examination services, reduce the cost of examination services, and meet the needs of residents for physical examination services. More attention should be paid to the needs of elderly and rural residents.

Etiquette Social Communication Strategies in the World of Work for Women to Combat Sexual Crime and Violence in the Era of Modernization

The Industrial Revolution in the 18th century brought about significant social dynamics, especially women being able to adapt from home industry to modern manufacturing and mobilization in the field of education. The increasing involvement of women in the employment sector with a percentage of 55.41 percent according to BPS data in 2024 means there is also a construction of equality between women and men which has implications for social problems such as sexual harassment and this becomes a stigma among society, resulting in sexual harassment. synonymous with the world of work. According to data from the National Commission on Violence Against Women in 2024, there were 110 cases of complaints in the workplace and there were 114 victims of sexual violence in the workplace and there were 67 perpetrators of gender-based violence against women in educational institutions, namely 28 teachers, 15 lecturers. and there were 115 complaints. Sexual harassment occurs in young women and older women (older employees) in the world of work. This can give rise to the phenomenon of Ageism which is correlated with verbal sexual harassment. This breaks the stigma of young women being recruited to replace women of mature age as an assumption. answer to women’s emancipation. Contextually, from a social communication perspective, implementing ethics in the digital era is starting to experience a process of hegemony with foreign cultures which are still in contact, because women in Indonesia have a high cultural context (High Contact). The data collection method uses a descriptive qualitative approach, data acquisition uses library research (content analysis) and deep interviews with purposive sampling techniques.

Consent for organ donation: a case study in the light of bioethics.

Fewer donations are being made in Brazil to meet the growing organ demand. Organ donation in Brazil reached an average of 53% consent. However, hospitals in Paraná have reached a level of 94.2%. What reasons could be given for these levels? Accordingly, this study aimed to understand the causes involved in decision-making to donate organs. The methodology used was qualitative based on a case study. Data was collected at a hospital in Toledo, a city in Paraná, through documentary research and semi-structured interviews with two distinct groups: professionals responsible for the family approach to donation and five families consenting to donation. The search for data was restricted to the period between 2015 and 2023. Data analysis used Bardin's content analysis. The results were organized into four categories in the first group, and two categories in the second group, suggesting that aspects linked to bioethical references present in the interview, such as beneficence and autonomy, contribute to the emergence of high rates of family consent for organ donation in the hospital studied. It is recommended for future research to test successful interview models to reverse the current organ donation rates in Brazil.

The Influence of Young People on Household Decisions on Energy Efficiency in Latvia

Abstract Young people are the future members of the energy communities, who play a role in shaping a climate-responsible society. However, in the context of the geopolitical and economic events of 2022, the awareness of young people in Latvia about energy efficiency issues and the readiness to engage in climate change mitigation processes, as well as the influence of their attitude on the decisions of adult household members in the field of energy efficiency have not been sufficiently studied. The issue is crucial within the framework of the European Green Deal, where various serious games for building energy communities are being developed, and young people are the ones who can influence the decision-making process. The purpose of the study is to provide serious game developers with an insight into young people's knowledge of energy efficiency issues, associations with a climate responsible society, attitudes towards daily habits in the field of energy efficiency, as well as whether climate change issues are discussed in families and whether young people believe that they can influence views and habits of their family members. 71 participants from four contrasting geographical regions in Latvia took part in the study. The study was conducted using qualitative research methods, including questionnaires and interviews. The results have shown that young people in the regions of Latvia are aware of energy efficiency measures, and the answers provide an insight into the various experiences they have had in their households. The research also highlighted negative aspects, such as young people’s unwillingness to strongly support household comfort level reduction in the name of climate change – only a little more than half would be willing to live in cooler rooms. Young people believe that they can influence the attitude and behaviour of other household members in an energy resource management matter. The results of the study lead to the conclusion that more attention should be paid to messages addressed to young people in public spaces, so that they associate themselves as an existing and future part of energy communities. They should be given examples and explanations regarding the importance of their actions in reducing climate change. Developers of serious games are encouraged to integrate aspects related to youth as participants in decision-making into the content of simulation tools, based on the results of the study.

O Cotidiano de Michel de Certeau nas Práticas de Gestão Ordinária de uma Organização da Sociedade Civil de Caruaru, Pernambuco

Abstract Based on the notion of everyday life proposed by Michel de Certeau, the research aimed to understand how the ordinary management practices of a civil society organization in Caruaru, Pernambuco are constituted. We use the concept of "ordinary management" as we seek to understand how the entity's management occurs, indeed, beyond formalized processes. We also discuss Michel de Certeau's concept of "ordinary everyday life", composed of heterogeneous operations in which subjects use strategies and tactics for their production and reproduction. We used participant observations, documentary research, and semi-structured interviews to operationalize the research. The findings were treated through the hermeneutic triad of narrative analysis highlighted by Barbara Czarniawska. We accessed seven everyday practices that allowed us to realize that strategies and tactics are continually mobilized when building the CSO's ordinary management. We highlight that participatory and decentralized management and popular education are the central premises of CSO management and that the study of ordinary management allows us to understand how these premises build the organization's daily life. We also noted conflicts, power relations, and hierarchies relating to the places and spaces occupied by the entity.

Perception of the Gifted Students on the Influence of Mentorship and Counselling Services on Academic Performance. A Case of Uasin Gishu County, Kenya.

This study investigates the perceptions of gifted students regarding the influence of mentorship and counseling services on their academic performance, focusing on Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Gifted students often possess exceptional abilities and require specialized support to maximize their potential. Mentorship and counseling services are crucial interventions in nurturing giftedness and addressing the unique academic and socio-emotional needs of these students. However, the extent to which such services impact academic performance from the perspective of gifted students remains underexplored, particularly within the Kenyan context. Through survey research design and interviews and focus group discussions data collection methods a sample size of 120 form three and four students respondent was used. The study findings indicate that seventy four (74) gifted students desired the presentence of mentors and role models in their studies. The findings contribute to the understanding of effective strategies for supporting gifted students in Kenyan educational settings and inform the development of targeted interventions to enhance their academic success and overall well-being.

Asymmetries between national articulation and the autonomy of state governments in implementing health technologies to fight COVID-19 in Argentina

Argentina, as other countries, showed several public policies related to the health technologies implemented to fight and treat the COVID-19 pandemic. This study sought to analyze how articulation vs. cooperation and autonomy vs. division of powers between entities occurred in Argentina, exploring asymmetries between several entities in implementing public policies related to health technologies during the pandemic and the influences of other actors. For this, a documentary research was carried out related to 2020-2021 (technical reports published by the World Health Organization, national agencies and scientific societies, laws, court decisions, press, and research and in-depth interviews with members of the Argentine Ministries of Health). The processes and results of decision-making in the Ministries of Health were analyzed, outlining the coverage and orientations of each technology and the political party in power in the province. This study found heterogeneous results and processes between Ministries and disputes within them. It also observed the poor adherence to official guidelines due to technical-political criteria (power relations, social, media, academic, judiciary, and legislative pressure). Some cases showed a strong tension between the government and its opposition over the discussion of technologies. Each province in Argentina has autonomously defined its policies on health technologies for COVID-19, and decision-making in public administration was disorderly, complex, and non-linear during the pandemic.

Ecological governance of Hainan coastline from the perspective of one health: A case study of the sustainable development of people’s livelihood after the coastline of Qionghai city was repopulated

Purposes It aims to discuss how to effectively carry out the ecological governance of the coastline of Qionghai City, Hainan Province under the concept of One Health [1] to promote the sustainable development of residents’ income and provide practical cases and theoretical references for the ecological governance of the Hainan Coastline. Methods Use field research and random interview methods to obtain relevant data and conduct quantitative analysis. Results and shortcomings Residents’ income has stable growth, water pollution control effects are outstanding, and the governance of air pollution is obvious. However, there are still problems such as serious degradation of coral reef ecosystems and lack of effective funding for ecological compensation, mainly due to the threat of insufficient capital investment and human activities. Conclusions It is recommended to improve the sustainable development capacity of the township governments, build a reasonable ecological compensation mechanism, accelerate the transformation of the township governments to the ecological government, increase the implementation of green GDP, form a virtuous circle of compared to achieve ecological environmental protection and economic development. Department decision -making provides a scientific basis.

Efficacy of Multimedia-Enhanced Teaching in Film, Television, and Photography Skill Courses: A Case Study of University Students in Shanxi Province

This research paper investigates the effectiveness of multimedia-enhanced teaching methods in improving the acceptance and proficiency of film, television, and photography skill courses among university students in Shanxi Province. In this case study, a specific focus was placed on analysing the integration of multimedia elements such as interactive videos, virtual simulations, and online platforms into the traditional curriculum. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative research methods, including surveys, interviews, and pre-post assessments, to gather comprehensive data on student experiences and learning outcomes. The research aimed to identify the strengths and limitations of multimedia-enhanced teaching in the context of creative arts education and to provide insights into optimizing these methods for more effective skill acquisition among students in Shanxi Province. Multimedia mode of learning was found to be beneficial for a wide range of subjects and skills. Therefore, educational institutions must employ technology that improves student-teacher connections and significantly alters how students learn, communicate, produce, and collaborate on their academic endeavours.

EXISTING PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGIES USED FOR TEACHING GENERAL KNOWLEDGE IN ART (GKA) IN SELECTED SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS AT SEKONDI-TAKORADI, GHANA

There are numerous pedagogical strategies for teaching and learning but the effective ones that can bolster student learning abilities in GKA have been shelved by senior high school teachers in Sekondi-Takoradi. Using the mixed method research design, questionnaires and interviews were used to gather data from a sample size of 165 participants (15 teachers and 150 students) to unravel the existing pedagogical strategies used by teachers in the teaching and learning of GKA. The study revealed that the majority of the sampled teachers did not use pedagogical strategies such as multimedia resources, hands-on activities, collaborative learning, real-life applications, and digital resources in their GKA instructions. The results also revealed teachers’ reliance on textbooks as their most adopted teaching strategy for the teaching and learning of GKA. The study therefore recommends the adoption of innovative pedagogical strategies by teaching to enhance the teaching and learning of GKA in the senior high schools.

Using Care Navigation to Improve Patient-Reported Outcomes Among Older Adult Patients: Preliminary Results From a Pilot Study.

Navigating health and social care in the United States can be difficult for people of all ages, but older adults often have multiple health problems, chronic illnesses, and disabilities that can increase the complexities of their care. To assist older adult patients and/or their caregivers with coordinating care, and providing information, advocacy, and resources, Henry Ford Health (HFH) implemented a Senior Care Navigation Program (SCNP). Older HFH patients or their caregivers were referred to the SCNP either by a provider or another member of their care team. A senior navigator (SN) then reached out to the patient/caregiver by telephone to discuss the SCNP and their support/care needs. The SN scheduled follow-up calls as needed. Patients/caregivers enrolled in Phase 1 of this pilot program were given the option to join the evaluation group. These patients were interviewed by an independent research interviewer at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 9-month post initial contact to complete 5 patient-reported outcomes measures. Our Phase 1 pilot has demonstrated significant improvements in the EQ5D (health-related quality of life) and two patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) measures (depression and anxiety) suggesting that the SCNP program at HFH is having a positive impact on older adult patients' health and well-being. In Phase 2, we will further evaluate the impact of the SCNP on healthcare utilization.

Slobodní v neslobode. Kľúčové odkazy kresťanských disidentov z obdobia komunizmu na Slovensku

During the communist totalitarianism in Slovakia between 1948 and 1989, Christian dissent and the branching structure of the underground church represented a significant and most massive force opposing the regime. Its history is factually meticulously mapped, and the testimonies of direct actors are captured in numerous autobiographies and biographies. The present work surveys more than 400 previous book and journal publications on these topics. It then enriches previous knowledge by analysing, categorising, and summarising the essential ideas from the legacy of committed Christian dissidents: their motivations, values, lessons from living under pressure and persecution, as well as parallels with, and messages for, the present day. The ideas scattered throughout the many works of biography and memoir are thus neatly summarized and sorted into nine categories. The author has compiled them on the basis of in-depth research interviews with 11 representatives of Christian dissent active during the period of normalization (1968-1989).

Sampling in qualitative interview research: criteria, considerations and guidelines for success

Sampling in qualitative interview research: criteria, considerations and guidelines for success

“You Didn’t Have to Pay Me”: The Meanings of Monetary Incentives in Interview Research

This paper explores the social meanings of monetary research incentives and the ramifications of their use in interview research. I argue that monetary incentives produce complex social meanings that significantly and diversly shape the relationship between interview researchers and participants and, as such, impact the types and volume of data that interviews produce. I discuss three distinct social meanings that emerged in my qualitative research interviews with forty-four low-wage freelance refugee interpreters in Canada. First, I show that in research with low-income workers, incentives can be interpreted as symbols of cross-class allyship that place the researcher in trusting and highly cooperative relationships of solidarity with participants. Second, the use of research incentives may also, and somewhat paradoxically, deepen socio-economic hierarchies by placing researchers and participants in relations resembling those between employers and employees. Third, research incentives may also be used by participants to resist social hierarchies and establish relations of benevolent and charitable equivalence in the interview encounter. Thus, the various social meanings of monetary incentives are productive of distinct interpersonal dynamics that shape the process of data collection as well as recruitment.