Research Interviews Research Articles

Relations entre pairs chez de jeunes enfants en situation de handicap : résultats d’une recherche

In the family, in the city or in places of inclusion, mixed situations are rich for children with disabilities as well as for typical children and contribute to the implementation of the principles of the United Nations Convention. By identifying the factors that promote or hinder peer relationships for young children aged 1 to 6 with disabilities, this research aimed to help improve practices in order to support inclusive situations and limit the isolation of these children. Thirty-two children who had motor, or intellectual and motor disabilities, or multiple disability, were observed for 18 months, at home, in inclusive settings and in specialised settings, using observation booklets filled in by parents or professionals depending on the place of observation. Research interviews were conducted at the end of the study with participating parents and professionals. The verbatims of the observations and interviews were subject to a thematic content analysis. After noting that children with disabilities were more isolated than others, six factors were identified as promoting or hindering interaction : (i) the relational experience of children with disabilities with familiar children, (ii) the size of the group of children in which they evolved, (iii) the intervention of the adult in the relationships between children, (iv) the characteristics of the pathology, (v) the character traits of the children, and finally (vi) the material and human environment in which they were welcomed. The discussion conclusion focuses on an analysis of the processes at work in the creation of interactions between children with disabilities and their peers, which opens up clinical perspectives in terms of support for children and their families.

Relationships between psychotic and affective symptoms, schizotypal and dissociative phenomena, and adverse life events among individuals with psychotic disorders

Background: Psychotic symptoms and self-rated schizotypal phenomena have similar dimensional structures. Additionally, dissociative phenomena have conceptual links with psychosis/schizotypy and all of these phenotypes are associated with adverse life events (ALEs). The relationships between these factors among individuals with psychotic disorders are not well established and were investigated in this study. Method: 76 participants with any psychotic disorder were recruited from mental health services in West Yorkshire, UK. Lifetime psychotic and affective symptoms were assessed by research interviews and case record review. The self-rated Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) with additional questions regarding inappropriate affect, Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), and questionnaires regarding cumulative adverse life events in childhood (CLEQ) and in the year before clinical onset (BLEQ) were also administered. Relationships between factors were assessed using Spearman correlations and linear regression analysis. Results: Correlations with relevant psychotic symptoms ranged from ~0.3 for some positive and negative SPQ subdomains to ~0 for disorganised subdomains. In contrast, SPQ and DES were highly correlated (~0.7). In univariate analysis, ALEs were associated with depression, DES, and positive and disorganised SPQ subdomains. In multivariable analysis, ALEs in childhood and before onset were independently associated with the SPQ Unusual perceptual experiences subdomain. Conclusion: Among individuals with psychotic disorders, neither SPQ nor DES questionnaire responses are likely to be useful proxies for psychotic symptoms. However, particularly questionnaire-based unusual perceptual experiences may be useful when assessing the range of phenomena associated with adverse life events.

Research on Establishing a Vocational College Employment and Education Community

This study endeavors to empower graduates in achieving personal fulfillment through employment, elevating the caliber of practical education, and fostering societal equilibrium. Employing a thorough literature review, it surveys the current landscape of research on vocational college employment and education communities. Utilizing social research methodologies and interviews with frontline employment service providers, it identifies deficiencies in the construction process across work planning, key actors, and target groups. The study proposes a strategic framework for establishing a vocational college employment and education community. It advocates firstly for refining the framework of employment and educational services, secondly for fostering collaborative efforts among key actors in employment and education, and lastly for enhancing the targeted approach to employment and educational initiatives, thereby comprehensively advancing educational outcomes and employment standards.

Improving the Rehiring Process and Employee Retention at KC Coal Mining Company

In Indonesia, the rehiring of retirement and new contract employees is governed by various labor laws and regulations. The primary legislation that covers employment matters in Indonesia is the Labor Law (Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower) and its implementing regulations. Article 35, paragraph (1) Retirement in Indonesia generally occurs when an employee reaches the mandatory retirement age, which is typically set at 55 years old. However, this age may vary based on certain circumstances and job positions. Employers are expected to provide retirement benefits to employees who are eligible for retirement. These benefits might include severance pay, pension plans, or other retirement-related benefits. The rehiring of retired employees and new employees has gained prominence as organizations seek innovative strategies to address workforce challenges. This study investigates the motivations behind and advantages associated with retirees and new employees on a contract basis, focusing on a case study conducted within a coal mining company in Indonesia. The objective is to illuminate the drivers and benefits of rehiring retired personnel, shedding light on their impact on organizational performance and employee dynamics. Through qualitative and quantitative research methods, including questioner, interviews, and surveys, this study explores the reasons that prompt the reemployment of retirees and reemploying contract employees for a period of up to 5 years, examining factors such as their domain expertise, institutional knowledge, and the evolving nature of work. Moreover, the study assesses the tangible and intangible benefits of such rehiring practices, encompassing enhanced productivity, cost-effectiveness, mentorship opportunities, and knowledge transfer. The case study approach provides contextual insights into the unique challenges and opportunities within the coal mining industry in Indonesia while also contributing to the broader discourse on talent management strategies. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the potential advantages and considerations associated with engaging retirees in the workforce, offering implications for human resource practices, organizational strategies, and the future of work dynamics.

Obésité de type complexe : à la jonction entre obésité développementale et réactionnelle

ContextWhether medical or surgical, the management of obesity faces significant resistance to weight loss. In this context, Bruch's work (1973) on the concepts of developmental and reactive obesity is foundational for clinical practice. However, in the most severe cases of obesity, these concepts can be reductionist and can limit the complexity observed when caring for these patients. These questions are particularly present in hospital services that handle third-level care, especially in Specialized Obesity Centers. ObjectivesUsing a clinical vignette, we will illustrate the utility of the concept of complex obesity and emphasize the therapeutic challenges in the management of patients requiring third-level care, as defined by the Health Authority. MethodIn the context of research on obesity and trauma, we present a clinical vignette of a patient treated in a specialized obesity service. We rely on data collected during clinical research interviews. ResultsThis singular case highlights the challenge regularly faced by clinicians in differentiating developmental and reactive types of obesity. Indeed, listening to the life stories of patients with severe obesity often reveals a construction of this chronic disease through successive layers. Thus, including patients in a single typology would overlook fundamental aspects involved in the onset of their obesity. Faced with this difficulty, we suggest introducing the notion of complex obesity, which would precisely account for situations at the intersection between developmental and reactive obesity. The relevance of developing this third typology becomes clinically meaningful, allowing questioning of the proposed accompaniments, particularly for level 3 interventions. ConclusionThe use of this third typology is now necessary to consider issues of resistance to weight loss and to highlight the complexity of the psychogenic origin of this disease in interdisciplinary exchanges. These reflections also question the relevance of treatments that prioritize urgent weight loss. Thus, we emphasize the importance of focusing on individuals’ intrapsychic functioning of and on promoting long-term historical work. Finally, we propose several perspectives to address the challenges encountered in the transformations of hospital and healthcare institutions in France, and suggest research perspectives to demonstrate the long-term effectiveness of a comprehensive approach to individuals with obesity.

Methods and experiences of a collaborative research project carried out by academic clinical researchers and experts by experience

Introduction Patient or service user participation in research and development is seen as essential in health research, including in topics within psychiatry. The process and depth of research collaboration can vary and is not always described adequately.Objectives The objective is to describe the collaborative methods and the experiences of experts by experience and academic researchers in a research project on patients’ experiences of remote care in psychiatric settings during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe describe our collaborative methods and experiences using the INVOLVE key features (www.involve.nihr.ac.uk).ResultsCollaboration started with an open discussion on research aims and role definitions. Collaborative methods included teaching and training sessions on interview methodologies, collaboratively writing and evaluating documents for ethical approval and research permission, collaboratively planning the recruitment process, preparation, and conducting research interviews and analysis. On-line and in-person meetings have been essential for an an-going dialogue and reflection. The methods and experiences are described in more detail in Table 1. Openness and building trust have been important and time was needed to achieve these. All academic researchers had been actively working with experts by experience in the clinical settings before the research project. The collaboration in the current study has emphasized the need for active involvement of experts with experience throughout the research process. For the experts by experience, the project has provided new insight into academic research and given them confidence in their ability to participate meaningfully in a collaborative study project. The academic researchers valued the sense of significance of the research topic and shared decision-making that the collaboration has brought into the project.Image:ConclusionsCollaborative research needs time to build trust and to clearly define the roles of participants, from the opening stage of the process. Continuous learning during the research process is emphasized. Since different research methodologies arise from various theoretical backgrounds, we suggest adding a topic on research theory to the INVOLVE key features.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

The HVAC Project Technologist Competency Profile

The main challenge of Higher Education Institutions (IPT) nowadays is to provide the human capability needed by the industry. There are most local IPT graduates do not have work skills and competencies required in the market and there seems to be a mismatch in the preparation of graduates for the local job. Therefore, the research carried out provides a comprehensive overview of the competency requirements that must be present in the Heat, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Project Technologist. The following may help the graduates of HVAC Technologist program at University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) to be more prepared for the working environment. This study uses the Modified Delphi Technique (MDT) approach in order to obtain expert agreement on the construction of the questionnaire instrument. MDT is conducted three rounds. The first round is the process of developing a questionnaire using previous research methods, document analysis and interviews with three experts. Then the second and third round is to distribute the following questionnaire to get approval from seven experts. The data were processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software to obtain the mean, median and Interquartile Range (IQR) scores for each item. Preliminary research findings in the first round of MDT found 5 domains, 18 elements and 65 items. However, after the second and third round of MDT, it produced a Project Technology competency that has 5 domains, 18 elements and 78 items. The determination of the appropriateness of the HVAC Project Technology competence indicator is done through all round of MDT bythe agreement industry experts with more than 10 years of experience in HVAC Project Engineering in the industry. So, the results of this research data are trusted and expected to give ideas also insights to course content for HVAC Technologist program by looking that matches career competencies according to industry tastes.

Management of Non-Tax State Revenue from the Utilization of State Property

This study examines the management of Non-Tax State Revenue from State Property Utilization at the Bengkulu State Wealth and Auction Service Office. It employs descriptive qualitative research methods, utilizing observation, interviews, and documentation for data collection. Analysis involves data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research is guided by Minister of Finance Regulation Number 155/PMK.02/2021 and Management Theory by Robbins and Coulter, and Henry Fayol. Findings reveal that in planning, the office follows PNBP targets set by the Central Office, employing strategies aligned with PMK Number 115 of 2021 to optimize State Property Utilization while adapting to regulatory changes. Implementation involves generating PNBP from rent, with determination and payment processes streamlined through coordination and application of PMK No. 115 of 2021. Accountability measures include financial reporting to KPPN and administrative reporting to KPKNL, ensuring transparency in utilization agreement decrees and payment proofs as performance indicators. Regarding supervision, KPKNL focuses on increasing awareness and oversight of State Property Utilization through wasdal regulation, addressing challenges, and conducting annual evaluations aligned with Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).

2년제 대학생의 캡스톤 디자인 수업경험 탐색

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of college students' experiences in capstone design classes.
 Methods A case study using in-depth interviews was conducted with 7 college students enrolled in a two-year university located in the metropolitan area. Participants in the study were students in the fourth semester of the last semester of graduation, which is a requirement to take a capstone design course, and participated in a capstone design class for 3 hours a week for 15 weeks. Efforts were made to increase the validity and reliability through triangular verification and research participant confirmation process through research interview records.
 Results The meaning of the college student's capstone design class experience is, first, a venue for acquiring opportunities to improve understanding of major subjects and improve practical skills. Second, an opportunity to re-establish awareness of work-human relationships. Third, it turned out that they met themselves who grew up in the stage of improving their creative problem-solving skills and voluntarily producing knowledge.
 Conclusions It is believed that it will be meaningful to understand capstone design classes in the future and use them as basic data for systematic capstone design classes to strengthen students' practical skills.

A case study of the Methodist Church in the light of Luke 18:1–8 to address the plight of women

As much as Zimbabwe is considered one of the highly literate countries in the Global South, with well documented succession and inheritance laws, womenfolk continue to be stripped of their assets after the death of their husbands. This trend became even worse during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic when movement was restricted, making it difficult to access the courts of law. Using a mixed methodological approach of a desk research and qualitative interviews conducted in the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe, Zororo Comfort circuit in Harare, it has been noted that women and girls face numerous horrific experiences, pushing them to wallow in the margins of society. This study therefore calls for the church to address the vulnerability of women and girls using a deviant theory. To date, there are increasing figures of domestic violence, sexual assault, and child marriages. Financial and communal disturbances corresponding through continuous pandemic challenges for women are aggravated, and those who survive find it challenging to hunt for fairness because of stockpiled court issues and freedom for the perpetrators. The fact that women are dispossessed of their belongings because of the cultural status of being a woman calls for a cultural cue. Using a deviant theory in the narrative of a tenacious widow in the gospel of Luke 18:1–8 from a sociological dimension, this study provides a critical edge into interpreting the action of this widow who deviated from expected societal customs. The study concludes by calling faith communities to re-read the widow’s story through deviant theory spectacles to raise questions on how this widow courageously represented herself from societal margin to undermine the centre (patriarchal standards) and to utilise the text as a resource for addressing the plight of women to be repositioned and be empowered in Zimbabwe.Contribution: This study contributes to the ongoing academic studies on women, pandemics, religion and gender, using the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe, Zororo Comfort circuit as a case study. It concludes by an invitation to faith communities to re-read the widow’s story using a deviant theory in order to use the text as a resource to alleviate the plight of women and empower them to the position of equilibrium with men.

Blockchain Use Case in Islamic Social Finance

Purpose: This research explains and reviews two innovative solutions based on blockchain that were used for Islamic social finance projects by two separate companies namely Finterra and Blossom Finance. Policy implications are suggested for the future use of blockchain in innovative financial products for the Islamic financial industry. Design/methodology/approach: This is qualitative research conducted through library research and semi-structured interviews with experts and founders of Finterra and Blossom Finance. Data obtained from published literature and the interviews were accordingly examined and interpreted through content analysis and the results are presented in this research. Findings: There is rising interest in Islamic social finance for economic revival post COVID-19 pandemic. Innovation through technology seems to be the future of Islamic social finance. Innovation through blockchain technology would see a renaissance in Islamic social finance, hence the need for relevant stakeholders to understand the technology. However, there is a regulatory gap in terms of proper legal framework to support blockchain related innovations in Islamic social finance and a policy gap to manage Shariah and legal risks involved in Islamic social finance transactions. Originality: This research is original because it explains unique case studies from the source of innovation itself, and analyses the hurdles that were present and offers recommendations for future use of innovative technology in the Islamic financial sector. Keywords: Blockchain technology, Blossom Finance, Finterra, Islamic Social Finance, Regulatory and Policy Issues

How patients experience respect in healthcare: findings from a qualitative study among multicultural women living with HIV

BackgroundRespect is essential to providing high quality healthcare, particularly for groups that are historically marginalized and stigmatized. While ethical principles taught to health professionals focus on patient autonomy as the object of respect for persons, limited studies explore patients’ views of respect. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of a multiculturally diverse group of low-income women living with HIV (WLH) regarding their experience of respect from their medical physicians.MethodsWe analyzed 57 semi-structured interviews conducted at HIV case management sites in South Florida as part of a larger qualitative study that explored practices facilitating retention and adherence in care. Women were eligible to participate if they identified as African American (n = 28), Hispanic/Latina (n = 22), or Haitian (n = 7). They were asked to describe instances when they were treated with respect by their medical physicians. Interviews were conducted by a fluent research interviewer in either English, Spanish, or Haitian Creole, depending on participant’s language preference. Transcripts were translated, back-translated and reviewed in entirety for any statements or comments about “respect.” After independent coding by 3 investigators, we used a consensual thematic analysis approach to determine themes.ResultsResults from this study grouped into two overarching classifications: respect manifested in physicians’ orientation towards the patient (i.e., interpersonal behaviors in interactions) and respect in medical professionalism (i.e., clinic procedures and practices). Four main themes emerged regarding respect in provider’s orientation towards the patient: being treated as a person, treated as an equal, treated without blame or prejudice, and treated with concern/emotional support. Two main themes emerged regarding respect as evidenced in medical professionalism: physician availability and considerations of privacy.ConclusionsFindings suggest a more robust conception of what ‘respect for persons’ entails in medical ethics for a diverse group of low-income women living with HIV. Findings have implications for broadening areas of focus of future bioethics education, training, and research to include components of interpersonal relationship development, communication, and clinic procedures. We suggest these areas of training may increase respectful medical care experiences and potentially serve to influence persistent and known social and structural determinants of health through provider interactions and health care delivery.

The Power of Perception: How Branding Shapes Consumer Behavior

This study investigates the multifaceted relationship between branding and consumer behavior, with a specific focus on the role of perception. Brands exert a significant influence on consumer decision-making processes, shaping preferences, attitudes, and purchasing behaviors. Recognizing the nuances of how consumers perceive and interpret branding cues is instrumental for businesses seeking to cultivate robust connections with their target audience. By synthesizing theories of perception and branding, this research explores the complex interplay between branding strategies and consumer behavior. Employing a variety of research methodologies, including surveys, interviews, and experimental analyses, this study elucidates the profound impact of sensory experiences, emotional associations, and cognitive processes on brand perception. Furthermore, it identifies and assesses effective branding strategies adept at harnessing perception to steer consumer behavior in a favorable direction. The insights derived from this study offer actionable recommendations for marketers to refine their branding strategies, foster brand loyalty, and gain a competitive advantage. Ultimately, this research contributes to advancing our understanding of the intricate dynamics of perception in shaping consumer behavior and informs strategic brand management practices.

Practices, beliefs, and challenges of teacher research in Nepal

Abstract This article analyses the practices, beliefs, and challenges of in-service Nepali EFL teachers who are required to carry out action research and submit a written report for their performance appraisal. We have analysed action research reports (n = 88) and interviews (n = 6) with public-school EFL teachers. The findings show that speaking, classroom participation, and writing are the three major problem areas teachers have pointed out in their action research reports. In theory, teachers have positive beliefs about the importance of action research for better teaching and professional development. They have claimed that action research has helped them address classroom problems. However, the analysis of the reports indicates that teachers lack data/evidence to support their claims about research problems and the effectiveness of the actions they have introduced in the classroom. The findings of the study show that teachers need mentoring support to carry out and write up action research reports.

Intelligence Agencies’ move to the Cloud: Challenges and Opportunities

The purpose of this research is to discover more about the challenges and opportunities faced by intelligence agencies wishing to move their data to the cloud. Intelligence agencies collect and process enormous amounts of data and information and need the tools to do so. Two intelligence communities have moved to the cloud to face these issues but there is little scientific knowledge about moving an intelligence agency’s data to the cloud. No research on the topic could be found and this study aims to fill part of that gap by using a case study research strategy and interviews with experts in the field. A literature review was completed to understand previously identified challenges when adopting cloud and was used to create two sets of interview questions. Five interviews were conducted, and a thematic analysis done resulting in fourteen themes. The themes revealed that there are many challenges with laws and regulations being the biggest one, while the opportunities brought by a cloud solution are the processing and analysis of data, and information sharing.

"Switching Hats": Insights From Experienced Clinical Interviewers Turned Novice Research Interviewers.

Health professionals/clinicians interview people regularly as part of their role. However, a qualitative research interview differs considerably to a clinical interview. If clinicians approach qualitative research interviewing based on their expertise in clinical interviewing, it could cause insufficiencies in qualitative data generation. In this reflection article, we, a team of four experienced clinical occupational therapists with no previous experience in qualitative research interviewing, share our experiences while learning to become qualitative research interviewers before undertaking our first qualitative research project. We engaged in self-directed reading, formal training on qualitative interviewing, and practice interviews and used peer feedback and reflection to prepare ourselves to conduct qualitative interviews. We drew upon the work-role transitions theory to work through our adjustment to the new role. Although we set out to "switch hats" as the research topic itself was not clinical, interviewing people on health-related topics will mean bringing our clinical instincts into our research role, while still recognizing the difference between a clinical and research interview. This article can inform experienced clinicians/novice qualitative researchers as they develop this new skillset.

Language dynamics and agency in multilingual research interviews

AbstractIn a world of increasing linguistic diversity, questions of language use and language ideologies in research interviews are gaining increasing importance. This article reports and reflects on language use in research interviews with former refugees in New Zealand and Sweden. In the interviews, multilingual speakers had the option to engage in the host language (English or Swedish, respectively), to bring their own language support person, or to request a professional interpreter. The article suggests that providing these options enabled participants to engage a greater range of linguistic and multimodal resources to create meaning and construct their identities, and also provided opportunities for language learning in the interviews. The article also highlights the importance of acknowledging the role of interpreters in the co‐construction of meaning and what this means for data collection and findings.

Decoding tourist experiences in the digital age: An introductory guide to conducting interviews in smart tourism research

<p>This paper introduces a comprehensive interview guide aimed at enhancing smart tourism research. It discusses the integration of digital technology in tourism, highlighting the importance of understanding tourists’ experiences in this evolving landscape. By focusing on qualitative research through interviews, the study delves into tourists’ perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors toward technology in tourism. It underscores the necessity of a flexible and thorough interview guide for capturing the complexities of digital transformation in the tourism industry, providing valuable insights for improving smart tourism experiences. This research contributes to the academic discourse on smart tourism, offering a systematic approach to exploring technology’s impact on tourism and suggesting future research directions to enrich the field further.</p>

Harnessing the stream: algorithmic imaginary and coping strategies for live-streaming e-commerce entrepreneurs on Douyin

When an algorithm is embedded into the platform economy as a digital infrastructure, it affects the visibility of information, the distribution of interests, and the labor process. In the context of live-streaming e-commerce, entrepreneurs interact with algorithms and consumers in real time to obtain more traffic. Compared with platform users, entrepreneurs are more sensitive to changes in the algorithm when facing great uncertainty in live-streaming and have become “algorithm experts”. This paper focuses on the short video platform Douyin and adopts the methods of field research and in-depth interviews. We interviewed 45 live commerce entrepreneurs and explored how entrepreneurs understand and interact with algorithms, particularly how their understanding of algorithms differs from that of users. By examining algorithmic imaginaries and coping practices, the authors hope to further the understanding of the relationships among labor, technology, and economic activity in new social contexts. In our study, we found that unlike platform users, who are often resilient, entrepreneurs have more active attitudes to learn about and interact with algorithms. They use words such as “admission tickets” and “like the wind” to describe algorithms. Unlike content creators, entrepreneurs’ understanding of arithmetic is influenced by the logic of traditional trade business when faced with traffic uncertainty. To seek certainty from a blurry stream, they adapt the methods of farther learning, frequent algorithm tests, more sophisticated work division, and resignation to fate. This study enriches the research perspective in the field of STS from a social-economic perspective and discusses the impact of technology on individual movement in the context of e-commerce. At the same time, this study also explores the technological ideology behind precarious work, which reflects individuals’ expectations of social order.

Free association and qualitative research interviewing: perspectives and applications

PurposeThis paper contributes to a dialogue about the psychoanalytic concept of free association and its application in the context of qualitative research interviewing. In doing so, it also adds to wider discussion regarding the relationship between clinical psychoanalysis, psychoanalytic psychotherapy and qualitative research.Design/methodology/approachCritical consideration of different perspectives on the application of free association in the qualitative research interview, extending earlier work addressing this issue. Differences and similarities in the way the concept of free association is articulated are examined regarding its framing in psychoanalysis and psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy.FindingsWhether researchers see themselves as borrowing, applying or drawing inspiration from free association, there is scope for muddling distinct ways of viewing it as it is conceived in psychoanalysis.Originality/valueConsiderations are outlined for researchers interested in psychoanalytically informed methods to be mindful of.