Quail Egg Yolk Research Articles

Comparison of different poultry egg yolks-citrate extender with green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract addition on Sapudi ram spermatozoa quality in chilled temperature storage

Preservation of ram semen has an impact on the exposure of artificial conditions to the spermatozoa which was followed by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resulted in functional damages of spermatozoa. This study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of chicken, quail, and duck egg yolks with green tea extract (GTE) on the quality of Sapudi ram spermatozoa at 5°C storage. Ejaculates of Sapudi ram with more than 70% spermatozoa motility were divided into four groups. Semen were extended 1 : 10 in citrated-chicken egg yolk extender (control group, T0), and citrated yolk of chicken (T1), quail (T2), and duck (T3) egg added with 0.05 mg GTE per 100 mL of extender. Extended semen was kept in a tube, which was put in a beaker containing distilled water and stored in a refrigerator (5°C). Spermatozoa motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity (PMI) were evaluated daily for five days. The results showed that GTE in duck egg yolk citrate extender could maintain the highest spermatozoa motility, viability, and PMI for five days (p <0.05). It could be concluded that the duck egg yolk citrate extender with the addition of GTE (Camellia sinensis) was beneficial for maintaining the semen of Sapudi ram spermatozoa at chilled temperatures. Further study is needed to use the extender for freezing Sapudi ram semen.

Effects of adding mixed chicken and quail egg yolks to the cryodiluent on the quality of ram semen before and after cryopreservation.

The effects of adding mixed chicken and Japanese quail egg yolks (EYs) to the cryodiluent on the quality of ram semen before freezing and post-thawing were evaluated. Additionally, the composition of chicken and quail egg EYs and their mixture were analyzed for results explanation. The semen was collected from rams (n = 5) and extended with cryodiluent containing the EY of chicken, quail or their mixture (1:1). The extended semen was chilled slowly to 5 °C within 2 h and equilibrated for 2 h, before frozen on the liquid nitrogen vapor and cryopreserved at −196 °C. The straws were evaluated before freezing and post-thawing for sperm motility, vitality and abnormality besides plasma-membrane and DNA integrities. The moisture, ash, protein, and fatty acid (FA) contents of chicken EY, quail EY and their mixture were analyzed. Sperm vitality, plasma membrane integrity and DNA integrity before freezing were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in quail EY than chicken EY and mixed EYs cryodiluent. The chicken EY extender significantly improved the vitality, plasma membrane and DNA integrities of post-thawed ram semen in comparison with quail EY or mixed EYs extenders. While, the post-thawing sperm abnormalities was lower (P ≤ 0.05) in quail EY than chicken EY and mixed EYs cryodiluent. The post-thawing sperm motion kinetics parameters were higher in quail EY than chicken EY and mixed EYs cryodiluent. The highest percentages of moisture, ash, saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were detected in quail EY had. While, the highest percentages of fat, protein and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were detected in chicken EY. In conclusion, using of chicken EY can improve total motility, vitality, plasma membrane integrity and DNA integrity of cryopreserved ram semen. While, using of quail EY can improve sperm abnormalities and kinetic motion parameters of cryopreserved ram semen. Mixing chicken and quail EYs added no value for post-thawing ram semen parameters.

Universal Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) and Utility in the Detection of Antibodies against Salmonella spp. in Several Animal Species

The aim of this study was to confirm the feasibility of using hybrid immunoglobulin-binding reagents in ELISAs for IgG/IgY detection and detection of specific antibodies against an infectious microorganism (Salmonella spp.) in various animal species using a universal diagnostic ELISA. Hybrid immunoglobulin-binding bacterial proteins (IBP), including recombinant protein LA, recombinant protein LG, and recombinant protein AG, have been produced to improve their binding affinity to a much larger number of immunoglobulins. Thus, this hybrid bacterial protein represents a powerful tool for the binding, detection, and purification of immunoglobulins and their fragments. However, SpLA-LG-peroxidase and SpLAG-anti-IgY-peroxidase were produced using the periodate method. These compounds have been shown to be effective as reagents. Their binding affinity to immunoglobulins surpasses that of previously reported hybrid IgG-binding proteins, including the most known SpAG, SpLA, and SpLG. The IgY fraction was isolated from the egg yolks of various birds, including chicken, bantam hen, guinea hen, quail, goose, duck, wild and domestic pigeons, parakeets, cattle egrets, pheasants, and ostrich. The IgY fraction was isolated using the chloroform-polyethylene glycol (PEG) method. An ELISA for anti-Salmonella spp. antibodies was employed with some modifications to determine the presence of antibodies in humans, laying hens, geese, quails, and pigeons. Salmonella is a motile, flagellated, rod-shaped zoonotic pathogen that can survive in the presence or absence of oxygen. They belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae and are implicated in typhoid fever and food-borne illnesses. This pathogen is associated with several diseases, which may become fatal and negatively impact the health of individuals and various economies globally. The poultry industry is most vulnerable to the influence of this pernicious microbe. The authors concluded that universal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were effective and reproducible in detecting immunoglobulins from both avian and mammalian species, but ELISA using the SpLAG-anti-IgY-HRP conjugate only reacted with the whole panel of animal antibodies. This conjugate was further used to standardize a universal ELISA for the determination of anti-Salmonella antibodies, in which human and avian species were serologically assessed.

ANALISIS KANDUNGAN KOLESTEROL TELUR BURUNG PUYUH (Coturnix coturnix japonica) YANG DIBERIKAN PAKAN KOMERSIAL DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG RUMPUT LAUT

This study aims to determine the effect of cholesterol content of quail egg which is given commercial feed with the addition of seaweed flour which includes parameters: feed consumption, egg production, egg mass, feed conversion, and egg yolk cholesterol levels. This study used 160 female quails aged 5 weeks. The design used in this study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. Feeding with the addition of red seaweed flour can reduce feed consumption, egg production and feed conversion but feed with the addition of red seaweed flour also results in an increase in cholesterol content in quail egg yolks. Feeding with the addition of green and brown seaweed flour can minimize the cholesterol content in quail eggs but numerically, feed with the addition of green seaweed flour tends to produce quail egg yolks with lower cholesterol content compared to other treatments

Effect of different egg yolk sources on dog semen quality following cryopreservation.

The aim of this study was to compare the cryoprotective effects of egg yolk from different avian species (hen, goose and quail) on post-thaw quality of dog semen. Total motility (TMOT) and progressive motility (PMOT) of frozen-thawed spermatozoa were not significantly differed among the extenders, but were higher in the quail-egg yolk based extender compared with extender containing hen or goose egg yolk. It was found that post-thaw sperm motion parameters, velocity VCL and ALH, were significantly higher in the quail-egg yolk based extender. No marked differences in post-thaw sperm plasma membrane integrity (PMI) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were observed among the extenders. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that goose or quail egg yolk is a suitable alternative to hen egg yolk for the cryopreservation of dog semen.

Ethyl Acetate and Butanol Fraction Effect of Citrus japonica Thunb. On Triglyceride Levels In Serum White Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Hypertriglyceridemia is condition when there is an increase of triglyceride levels in blood. Hypertriglyceridemia can be increased blood pressure and heart problems. One of the plants can be used as a medicine is kasturi citrus peel (Citrus japonica Thunb.). This study aimed to determine the effect of giving butano fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of kasturi citrus peel (Citrus japonica Thunb.) to triglyceride levels on male white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The parameters are triglyceride levels in serum of male white rat induced with high-fat feed containing quail egg yolk (10 ml/kgWB). This research used 25 male white rats that divided into 5 groups with 5 rats per group. Normal groups are not given any treatment, only standard feed. The negative group was induced by high-fat feed and suspension Na CMC, the positive group was given high-fat feed and atorvastatin suspension 0,9 mg/kgWB and treatment group was given high-fat feed induction and suspension of ethyl acetate and butanol fraction of kasturi citrus peel with doses 250 mg/kgBW, as much 1% of body weight wich given orally. The triglyceride levels are calculating by using colorimetri enzymatic method with a photometer Mindray® (BA-88A) at wavelength 510 nm. The data percentage change in triglyceride levels on day 29 to day 15 obtained were analyzed with one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Post Hoc Tukey test for each fraction. The results showed that giving butanol fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of kasturi citrus peel (Citrus japonica Thunb.) at doses of 250 mg/kg body weight had an effect on the decrease in triglyceride levels in serum of white male rat indicated by a significant difference (p&lt;0.05) with negative control and showed a decrease in triglyceride levels activity that was not significant difference (p&gt;0.05) with atorvastatin and there is no significant difference between anti hypertriglyceride activity of butanol fraction and ethyl acetate fraction (p&gt;0.05)

Hyperlipidemia Diet Reduces Superoxide Dismutase Inhibition Rate in the Brain Organ of Rattus norvegicus

Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) egg yolk is one of the high-fat foods which can trigger hyperlipidemia. The condition of hyperlipidemia can have an oxidative stress effect on the brain. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a natural antioxidant that acts as a defense mechanism against oxidative stress. The inhibition rate of SOD decreases when oxidative stress occurs. This study aims to determine the effect of quail egg yolk on the SOD inhibition rate of brain organs on a rat. This study used male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months with 200-300 grams of weight. The rats were divided into two groups. Each group was fed with ad libitum for two weeks. The A groups as control continued ad libitum consumption, and the B group was given additional quail egg yolk 5 ml / 200 g BW for 2 weeks. At the end of the study, the rats were terminated. The brain organs were examined for SOD inhibition rate with spectrophotometry. The mean SOD inhibition rate in the A and B groups was 74.14% ± 6.16 and 24.14% ± 5.65, respectively. The independent t-test showed significant differences in SOD inhibition rate between groups (p 0.001). Furthermore, quail egg yolk significantly reduced the SOD inhibition rate in the brain organ of the rat.

Pengaruh Pemberian Sari Buah Salak (Salacca zalacca) terhadap Profil lipid dan Berat Badan Tikus Model Hiperlipidemia dan Obesitasda

Cardiovaskular disease is the number one cause of death in the world, an estimated 17.9 million people die each year. Several risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of heart disease such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. Snake Fruit is a fruit that is available in large quantities both in volume and variety. Snake Fruit is rich in antioxidants that can be used to treat hyperlipidemia and overweight. North Sulawesi is one of the centers of Snake Fruit production, especially in the southeast Minahasa area. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of Snake Fruit juice on the lipid profile of hyperlipidemic and obese rats induced by a high-fat diet in the form of used cooking oil, quail egg yolk and 0.01% PTU solution. The study used 5 groups, namely the negative control group was given aquadest, the positive control group was given simvastatin and the treatment group was given Snake Fruit juice with concentrations of 2%, 4% and 8%. The parameters observed in this study were body weight, lipid profile, and glucose profile. blood. The study showed that the administration of Snake Fruit juice had a significant effect on the lipid profile of rats for all parameters on the lipid profile and had a significant effect on weight loss and blood glucose levels where p &lt; 0.05 and there was no significant difference between each treatment group in both lipid profile parameters. , body weight and blood glucose levels.

Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Juice in Hypercolestrolemic Rats Model

BackgroundHypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Avocado (Persea americana Mill) is a popular fruit in tropical countries and has several benefits for health. This study aims to determine the hypocholesterolemic effect of avocado juice on the hypercholesterolemic rats model. Method: The subjects were male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) aged 2-3 months. The rats were divided into 5 groups consisting of negative control (NC), positive control (C), Treatment 1 (P1) with a low-dose of avocado juice (2 ml), Treatment 2 (P2) with moderate-dose (3 ml), and Treatment 3 (P3) with high-dose (4 ml). Groups C, P1, P2, and P3 have induced hypercholesterolemia with 4 ml quail egg yolk for four weeks. Then groups P1, P2, and P3 were given avocado juice for four weeks. All rats were taken plasma samples after hypercholesterolemia induction and intervention with avocado juice to check for total cholesterol levels. All data were statistically analyzed with The One-Way ANOVA test and Bonferroni Post-Hoc test. Values were considered significant at p<0.05. Result: Mean of total cholesterol (nmol/L) after hypercholesterolemia induction in both groups (NC group, C group, P1 group, P2 group, and P3 group) is 2.50±0.01, 5.98±0,09, 5.70±0.08, 5.89±0.05, and 6.06±0.09. After intervention with avocado juice, total cholesterol in both groups is 2.48±0.01, 5.75±0.04, 3.97±0.03, 3.41±0.05, and 2.85±0.06. The One-Way ANOVA test and Bonferroni Post-Hoc test showed significant change (p<0.001). Conclusion: Avocado juice can decrease total cholesterol levels in the hypercholesterolemic rats model.

Comparative Study of Using Four Types of Avian Egg Yolk for Epididymal Sperms Chilled Storage in Awassi Rams (Ovis aries)

The objective of current study was to use four types of egg yolks for ram epididymal sperms The objective of current experiment was to study the effect of different avian egg yolks (EYs) on rams epididymal sperms stored at 4 oC. Sixteen pairs of testes (n=32) were mature Awassi rams of about 1-4 years, slaughtered at a Al-Sadoon abattoir/ Mosul city were collected. The spermatozoa were collected from tail of epididymis by cutting and squeezing, after that a total of 0.5 ml of spermatozoa volume was diluted by using sodium citrate 2.9% and the volume completed to 1 ml, then the sample divided into four aliquots (0.25 ml for each one). The extender consisted of egg yolk (EY) 10% of four avian types (chicken, quail, duck, turkey), sodium citrate 2.9%, fructose 2.4gm, penicillin, and streptomycin (100.000 IU and 100 mg, respectively) in 100 distal water. Sperms individual motility, live sperm percentage, sperms abnormalities checked at 0, 72, 144 hours of storage. Results of the present study revealed that quail egg yolk improved sperms, individual motility, live sperm percentage with longer life span and reduce sperms abnormalities, followed by Turkey, chicken and duck EYs respectively, Individual motility of the spermatozoa after 144 h of storage in quail EY extender were (36.00%± 1.20), which higher than turkey EY (32.30%± 1.30). However, these results higher and significantly (P˂ 0.05) when compare with chicken EY extender (24.60%± 2.30) and duck EY extender (19.00%± 1.50). Similar results of quail and turkey EYs were manifested in the percentage of live spermatozoa, which were (38.00%± 1.20), (33.30%± 1.30), (24.00%± 2.30), and (19.90%± 1.50), respectively. The duck EY was significantly lower (P˂ 0.05) when comparing between the four types of egg yolks after storage for 144 h. In conclusion: we advise potentially to use of a quail or turkey EYs extender for the chilled storage for ram epididymal sperms.

Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in cardiac tissue after induction of quail egg yolk (coturnix coturnix) in rats model (Rattus norvegicus)

Background and Aims: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and has impact on the development of cardiovascular diseases. Lipid peroxidation is one of the indicator of oxidative damage in cell membranes resulting from the ROS accumulation. Secondary oxidation products such as malondialdehyde is commonly measured to observe lipid peroxidation. Quail egg yolk (Coturnix coturnix) is known to have the highest cholesterol and lipid content compared to other avian species.

The effect of synbiotic drink from kefir milk and jicama concentrate (Pachyrhizus erosus) on malondialdehyde level and superoxide dismutase activity in the liver tissue of the hyperlipidemic rats (Rattus norvegicus)

The aim of this research is to know the effect of synbiotic drinks from kefir milk and jicama concentrate on MDA level and SOD activity in the liver tissue of the hyperlipidemic rats. This research used 25 rats divided into 5 groups (K+, K-, P1, P2, and P3). Group of K+, P1, P2, P3 were given quail egg yolk for the first 4 weeks. For the next 4 weeks, K+ and K- group were only given fed ad libitum. Group of P1, P2, and P3 were given synbiotic with the formulation of P1: 85% kefir milk (K) and 15% jicama concentrate (J), P2: 75% K, 25% J, and P3: 65% K, 35% J. The dose of quail egg yolks and synbiotic was 5 mL/200 grBW. In the end, the animal model was terminated to get liver organs to measure the MDA level and SOD activity. Mean of MDA level (nmol/gr) were 11.8 ± 0.17 (K+), 2.5 ± 0.12 (K-), 7.7 ± 0.18 (P1) 5.7 ± 0.10 (P2), 4.1 ± 0.09 (P3). The result showed significant differences between all groups (p < 0.001). Mean of SOD activity (%) were 21.43 ± 2.52 (K+), 71.43 ± 3.91 (K-), 30.71 ± 1.53 (P1) 50.35 ± 2.84 (P2), 63.93 ± 1.53 (P3). The result showed significant differences between all groups (p < 0.001) except between K+ with P1 and K-. Intervention of synbiotic drink from kefir milk and jicama concentrate significantly decrease MDA level in all groups and increase SOD activity in the P2 and P3 groups, with P3 group clinically significant.

Effect of mackerel (Rastrelliger) arsik soup on the LDL levels of hypercholesterolemic rats

Fish arsik soup is a popular traditional food in North Sumatera especially in Batak ethnic. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of different dose of mackerel fish arsik soup on body weight and LDL blood level in rats that were given a cholesterol rich feed namely quail egg yolk. Research was performed by using a Randomized Group Design. Forty male rats were grouped into 5 groups. The first group (K1) was the negative control group which was given distilled water and basal diet. The second, third, and fourth groups were given fish arsik soup with the dose of 1 ml/200 g body weight (bw)/day (K2), 2 ml/200 g bw/day (K3), and 3 ml/200 g bw/day (K4), and the last group was positive control group which was given gemfibrozil (K5). The result shows that rats fed quail egg yolk had a state of body weight gain and hypercholesterolemic. Administration of mackerel fish arsik soup to hypercholesterolemic rats with various dose had significantly (p<0.05) lower LDL level of rat blood compared to negative and positive control groups. The administration of mackerel fish arsik soup 1 ml/200 g bw/day resulted in the highest reduction in LDL levels in the rat’s blood.

Suplementasi Ekstrak Asam Kandis (Garcinia xanthochymus) dalam Air Minum terhadap Kadar Malondialdehid Kuning Telur dan Komposisi Kimia Daging dan Telur Puyuh

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of Garcinia xanthochymus extract in drinking water on the quail meat and eggs quality (fat content, protein content) and malondialdehyde (MDA) on egg yolk. This study used female quails (132 tails) aged 42 days, which were kept for 6 weeks, and then divided into four groups treatments of drinking water, and 3 replications each treatment. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with P0 (control), P1 (pH 4), P2 (pH 3), P3 (pH 2). The variables observed were moisture content, crude fat content and crude protein content in quail meat and eggs but MDA only on yolk eggs. The results showed a significantly decreased (p&lt;0.05) effect of Garcinia xanthochymus extract supplementation in drinking water on MDA levels of yolk quail eggs. However it had no significant effect on moisture content, crude fat content, and crude protein content in yolk quail eggs . The treatments had significantly increased crude protein in meat. It was concluded that giving extract of Garcinia Xanthochymus extract (kandis acid) at pH 2 in drinking water decreased the MDA content of quail egg yolks.&#x0D; Key words: antioxidant, Garcinia Xanthochymus, chemical compound of meat and egg, egg yolk MDA

Yellow Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D.) Extract As Anti-Hypercolesterolemia

Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for various diseases, which is still a big problem in Indonesia. Yellow pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D.) is a plant containing flavonoids and terpenoids, which can be used as an anti-hypercholesterolemic agent. This study aims to analyze the activity and dosage of yellow pumpkin extract, which can be used as an anti-hypercholesterolemic agent to reduce total cholesterol levels comparable to simvastatin by 1.8mg/kg BW/day. This research is pure experimental research with a pre and post-test group design approach. The number of samples was 25 male Wistar rats induced by high-fat feed, quail egg yolk: pork oil (2:1) by 5 ml/200 gramBW/day for 7 days. The extract dosage range was 200, 400, 600 mg/kg BW/ day for 7 days. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA. The results showed that the administration of yellow pumpkin extract could reduce rats' total blood cholesterol levels with a dose of 600 mg/kg BW/day, comparable to simvastatin 1.8 mg/kg BW/day. The secondary metabolites of the extract were flavonoids and terpenoids. Extract of yellow pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima D.) could reduce total blood cholesterol levels of rats. The dose of 600 mg/kg BW/day could reduce blood cholesterol levels in rats comparable to simvastatin 1.8 mg/kg BW / day.

THE MEASUREMENT OF MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVEL IN HEART TISSUE OF HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS AFTER INTERVENTION OF COMBINATION OF JICAMA (PACHYRHIZUS EROSUS) CONCENTRATE AND KEFIR MILK AS A SYN

Abstract Objective: This research aims to know the effect of synbiotic drink from jicama concentrate and kefir milk on malondialdehyde (MDA) level in heart tissue of hyperlipidemic rats. Design and method: Twenty five rats divided into 5 groups such as negative control (K-), positive control (K+), and intervention groups (P1, P2, and P3). All animal model was acclimatized for seven days. Group of K+, P1, P2, and P3 were given quail egg yolks 5 ml/200 grBW/day for 4 weeks to make the hyperlipidemic model. For next 4 weeks, the intervention groups (P1, P2, and P3) were given a different formulations synbiotic drink with 5 ml/ 200 grBW/day. There are three formulations of synbiotic drink, P1: 85% Kefir Milk (KM), 15% Jicama Concentrate (JC), P2: 75% (KM), 25% (JC), P3: 65% (KM), 35% (JC). In the end of experiment, the animal model was terminated to get the heart organs. The heart organs were saved in a cup which have filled with alcohol and began to measure MDA level in heart tissue. All data were statistically analyzed with One-Way Annova. Values were considered significant at p &lt; 0,05. Results: Based on data, all of the data were expressed as mean ± SD. The mean of MDA level (nmol/gr) in negative control group (K-) was 1.50 ± 0.08 and positive control group (K+) was 10.70 ± 0.14. The groups of intervention were 6.60 ± 0.09 (P1), 4.56 ± 0.11 (P2), and 3.02 ± 0.13 (P3). The result showed there was significant differences between all groups (p &lt; 0,001). Conclusions: Synbiotic drink from jicama concentrate and kefir milk significantly to improve MDA level in heart tissue of hyperlipidemic rats and can be considered for adjuvant therapy to decrease the risk of hypertension.

The Effect of Supplementation of Avocado Seed Flour (Persea americana Mill.) in Feed on Blood Lipids Profile and Egg Yolk Cholesterol of Japanese Quail (Corturnix-corturnix japonica)

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of avocado seed flour (ASF) supplementation in feed on blood lipids and quail egg yolk cholesterol. The materials were 100 female quails aged 4 weeks old with ration ingredients consist of corn, bran, paddy, soybean meal, fish flour, avocado seed flour, palm oil, CaCO3, premix, lysine, and methionine. The research conducted an experiment with 4 treatments of ASF supplementation levels incorporated into basal feed, namely 0% ASF (R0), 3% ASF (R1), 6% ASF (R2), and 9% ASF (R3). The observed variables included blood cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, and egg yolk cholesterol. The data were subjected to the one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design, followed by HSD test when differences between treatments were observed. The result showed that ASF supplementation significantly reduced blood cholesterol levels and the egg yolk cholesterol, did not significantly affect LDL and triglyceride levels. The HDL levels and egg yolk cholesterol tend to decrease as the level of ASF increased. It is concluded that avocado seed flour (ASF) supplementation up to 9% is safe for quail feed supplementation.

Anti-Atherosclerosis Effect of Soy Milk in Rats Fed an Atherogenic Diet

Abstract: Atherosclerosis is a problem of cardiovascular disease. Consuming food containing excessive fat is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Soy milk has been studied for its isoflavones which has antihyperlipidemic effect on the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of soy milk (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) administration on aortic’s histopathology profile (the length of wall thickness and number of foam cells) in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) which were given the atherogenic diet that consists of goat’s fat and quail egg yolk. Material and Methods: A total of 30 rats were used in the true laboratory experiment which were distributed into 5 groups (n=6) using post-test only design, there were a normal diet group, an atherogenic diet group, an atherogenic and simvastatin 10 mg group, and another 2 groups that were given an atherogenic diet with soy milk doses variation of 12.5 g and 25 g respectively. Aortic’s histopathology was prepared with the paraffin method and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. Results: ANOVA test showed that soy milk variation dose were significantly (p&lt;0.05) reduce the aortic wall thickness and foam cell. Conclusion: Providing soy milk with a certain dose is able to decrease the aortic’s wall thickness and foam cells in rats fed an atherogenic diet.

Modification of atherogenic diet causes atherosclerosis, increase total cholesterol, and showing hepar damage in mice as alternative animal model in atherosclerosis research

This study aims to determine the composition of the ideal atherogenic diet to increase the risk of atherosclerosis in the animal model. The research was used 15 male mice, acclimatized for 1-2 weeks to get the susceptible amount of diet to be given. The animal objects are divided into 3 groups; normal diet group (control), 4 weeks atherogenic diet groups, and 8 weeks atherogenic diet groups. The modified atherogenic diet consists of common broiler food, wheat flour, pork oil, quail egg yolks, and water, given 2 times a day of 30 g of food. Water for animal objects is given ad libitum. After 4 weeks and 8 weeks total cholesterol, the formation of foam cells, and hepatocyte degeneration. The results show that the total blood cholesterol of animal models in the group of 8 weeks has the highest level (153, 66 ± 6, 51), compared to other groups (normal diet and 4 weeks). Animal models show that aortic cross-section formed foam cells in tunica intima and tunica media of endotel, also show the indication of hepar damage by hepatocyte degeneration.

Protective effect of ethanolic Feronia elephantum Correa fruit extract on high-fat diet induced steatohepatitis in rats

BACKGROUND A high-fat diet can lead to hyperlipidemia which will end up as liver damage (steatohepatitis). Ethanolic Feronia elephantum Correa fruit extract (EFEC) has an antioxidant activity which is expected to overcome hyperlipidemia in the liver. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of EFEC on liver function and morphological changes in rats.METHODSThis was an experimental study with a post-test only group design. A total of 20 male Wistar rats aged 2-4 months were randomized into 5 groups, A= negative control, B= positive control (high fat diet + 10 mg/kgBW simvastatin), C = high fat diet + 500 mg/kgBW EFEC fruit extract, D = high fat diet + 600 mg/kgBW EFEC, and E = high fat diet + 700 mg/kgBW EFEC). High-fat diet was given for 4 weeks (quail egg yolks, 10ml/200gBW). EFEC was administered for 4 weeks after induction of hypercholesterolemia. Examination of liver serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) was performed on rat blood serum and histopathological examination was carried out using steatohepatitis grading. One way ANOVA test and Post-Hoc Tamhane’s test were used to analyze the data. RESULTSAdministration of EFEC at 700 mg/kgBW improved the liver enzymes (p=0.00 for SGPT and SGOT) and steatohepatitis grading in high-fat diet induced rats (mild condition, E = 75% vs A = 100% mild)CONCLUSIONEthanolic Feronia elephantum Correa fruit extract at 700 mg/kgBW was able to improve steatohepatitis in high-fat diet induced rats.