Product Quality Management Research Articles

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ КРИТЕРИИ ОБНОВЛЕНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ВЕДЕНИЯ САДОВОДСТВА В СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ

The analysis of the criteria indicating the relevance of updating the requirements for greening industrial horticulture and the methodology of its ecological-landscape of land management in agricultural landscapes of agricultural enterprises was carried out. Legislative acts of the Russian Federation are considered, providing the formula for such a restructuring in accordance with global trends of greening economic activity, increasing the pace of production intensification and observing the principles of environmental protection. The obstacles preventing the acceleration of this restructuring in a market economy with patterns of zonal biologization of fruit production and its territorial organization in agricultural enterprises without taking into account the divisions of the geographical landscape are explained. In order to update the methodology of industrial horticulture, a discussion was held on the criteria of the legal field protected by RF legislative acts in carrying out the reform of on-farm land management in agricultural landscapes of agricultural enterprises and creating places with favorable habitat for garden landscapes in them. When working on the methodology, sources of information on the principles of restructuring were used, which were borrowed from legislative acts of the Russia, land management techniques based on the ecologicallandscape approach and reports on its approbation in agricultural enterprises of the central region of the Russia. The peculiarities of methodology reorganization were discussed by considering the concept of creating garden landscapes as part of agrolandscapes of agricultural enterprises, taking into account the methods of assessing the agroecological grouping of lands in agrolandscapes for horticulture, assessing the importance of landscape ecology, landscape ecology and engineering, variations of environmental and energy management, environmental safety of modern agricultural technologies. Analyzed the conditions for certification of gardening, taking into account international standards (ХАССП/HACCP, ISO 50001, ISO 9000, ISO 9001) and their Russian counterparts (GOST R). In conclusions it is specified modern value of “legal framework” of acts of the Russian Federation of the working sites concerning reorganization of intra-economic land management for the purpose of creation of industrial agricultural (garden) landscapes. Application for this purpose criteria of the new knowledge base of the agroecology based on the principles of agrolandchaftovedenie management, engineering, environmental monitoring and power audit, quality management of products taking into account domestic and international standards (следует дополнить в соответствии с сделанным выше замечанием).

Choosing a quality management method

Product quality management in a modern enterprise is carried out using a set of methods. A large number of methods allow controlling product quality not only after a product is manufactured, but also during the entire production process, which is the most valuable in conditions of limited resources. The equipment is an integral part of the processes, and how well it works also depends not only on the quality of the products, but also the company’s ability to deliver the goods at exactly the time that is required (Just in time), and exactly in the amount that is required (KANBAN system). Since today the current issue for organizations is the optimization of equipment operation, the information management system of prevention of equipment failures is developed and substantiated in the article.

Construction quality management

Improving the quality of construction products is a natural process that reflects the objective trend in the development of social production. It is due to the essence of market relations, considering quality as the main measure in the general perception of supply. A significant impetus to this process is given by quality management, which directs participants in the construction industry to create products that meet all the requirements.The right choice of management methods and tools enables successful implementation of projects, which in turn directly affects their competitiveness. The quality of construction products, as well as the quality of building (finishing) materials, as well as construction technologies, including design and other engineering solutions, should be much higher than the average formed. The most important function of quality management of construction products is to encourage construction industry participants to improve the quality characteristics of the products created. The managerial influence not only promotes high quality construction, but also adequately responds to all developments in the investment and construction sphere: organizational, structural, financial, technical and other changes.The article considers such a parameter of the project as quality, compares the experience of implementing the quality management system in domestic construction organizations and construction organizations of some foreign countries. The focus is on the most common methods and programs aimed at improving product quality.A study of domestic and foreign quality management and control systems has shown that the quality management and control system in foreign countries is organized more clearly and effectively than in our country, and certainly positive experience should be taken into service by our construction (and not only) companies, which is only to increase their competitiveness. As a result, the winners will be all participants of the construction project: the consumer of the end result, the customer-developer, investor, insurance companies, authorities and others.

Theoretical and methodological foundations of product quality management at industrial enterprises.

In conditions of high competitiveness of the economy and the integration of industrial enterprises, increasing requirements for the development of market relations oriented towards competitiveness, both in the domestic and world markets, a fundamental change is taking on universal quality management, which ensures the achievement of the required level of quality of products in accordance with all world requirements and domestic standards, GSTU, GOSTs and continuous improvement in regulatory documents. A high level of scientific achievements and a correctly developed production management system makes it possible to form a new approach to high quality products at industrial enterprises of Ukraine. To achieve high results in product quality, it is necessary to pursue an active and reasonable state policy as a product. Regulatory documents that ensure product quality in modern market conditions require enterprises to take a more thoughtful and deeper approach to quality management issues, and require the involvement of material and human resources in the process of manufacturing quality products at industrial enterprises. Quality management is the main priority for achieving the main goals of the enterprise. Therefore, the leaders of industrial enterprises of Ukraine should be interested in improving the quality of products and improve the management of production processes for the development of a quality management system. Ukrainian enterprises are trying to gradually move to world standards, but this is a complex and long period that requires time and effort, requires the study and use of the experience of leading industrial enterprises of the world, facilitated by the growth in recent years, the volume of information on various quality management issues. But copying by Ukrainian industrial enterprises of the methods and mechanisms of quality management can lead to a serious complication of the economic situation of enterprises, all internal and external factors affecting the quality in Ukraine must be taken into account. Updated scientific and economic approaches to quality require the creation of effective management of organizational development in the quality system, taking into account the characteristics of the industry, enterprise, region, at the level of organizational behavior, also taking into account all factors. Quality management for this period has different approaches and directions.

Organizational foundations of modern quality management systems in industrial enterprises.

Given the fact that Ukraine is heading for the EU, then all regulatory documents related to certification, especially in industrial enterprises, must comply with standards and international norms. Therefore, improving the quality of products in Ukraine and this period is an important issue. The growth of competitiveness not only in the domestic market but also in the global one stimulates industrial enterprises to revise the quality standards of products. Improving the quality of products in Ukraine is dictated not only by high competitiveness in the domestic market, the quality of life of workers also directly depends on the quality of products, since quality products are sold at a higher price, and this is the salary of industrial workers and their social well-being. Also, the high quality of products of industrial enterprises and manufacturing according to modern technologies indicates the country's level in the competitive list of countries, and this is the image of the state as an exporter on the international market. The guarantor of product quality of industrial enterprises in the international market are the ISO 9000 series standards. Due to the fact that the scientific and economic achievements of new markets in competitiveness, the implementation of innovative solutions and inventions, lead to the formation at industrial enterprises of a unified system of actions to improve the quality and level of knowledge, which become one of the main conditions for the development and growth of competitiveness of the economy enterprises, industries but also the state. A study of the development of scientific theories of quality management at industrial enterprises and their approaches to practical implementation revealed a number of methodological foundations and principles aimed at improving product quality management at industrial enterprises. Scientific research in this area has gone from theory based on the principles of marriage and theories of production process control. The topic is relevant especially at a time when the country is moving to international standards and entering the international market for products. The study and implementation of international standards is relevant in this period at industrial enterprises.

Operational risk modeling based on operational data fusion for multi-state manufacturing systems

Predictive health analysis and diagnostics are essential functional elements of “Smart Manufacturing,” but existing studies are mostly limited to discrete manufacturing equipment without a holistic analysis on the entire system health state. In consideration of the enhancement of risk control in production quality management advocated in ISO 9001:2015, modeling and monitoring the risk during operation are the core aspects and bottlenecks for achieving prognostics. Therefore, a novel holistic operational risk modeling approach for discrete manufacturing systems is proposed by fusing the operational data to quantify the risk-oriented operational performance systematically. First, the connotation of operational risk is expounded and associated with system operational mechanism and mission reliability connotation. Second, a modeling foundation is proposed on the basis of quantifying machine, task execution and work-in-process quality from mission reliability framework in accordance with the operational data characteristics and properties. Third, operational risk evaluation is conducted using the above indicators, where reasonable aggregation of three indicators is performed by fuzzy evidence theory and the risk levels are determined. Finally, a case study is conducted to illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed approach.

Development of an effective product quality management system

The object of research is product quality management. During the research, the analysis method was used to study approaches to product quality management. The paper reveals the theoretical foundations for product quality management. It is shown that in order to control the quality of products, it is necessary to establish relations between subjects and objects of quality, their changes using the method of a systematic approach. This method shows that for the sustainable economic development of a manufacturing enterprise, first it is necessary to study the structure of the management system. After that, it will be possible to propose an improved control system, schematically depicting it. The international standards proposed in the work will allow the manufacturer to be competitive among others. Producers who seek to export their products must implement in their production a system of measures focused on high product requirements. However, the transition to modern equipment should occur without any psychological discomfort for workers. Do not forget that the use of a quality management system in production is quite long and financially costly. The process of enterprise restructuring should be economically justified, since owners must have income from manufacturing products. That is, the implementation of a quality management system should be cost-effective for a manufacturing enterprise. The use of integrated quality control systems in the modern era of innovation is a sign of enterprise competitiveness. In the work, an improved product quality management system is obtained. This is due to the fact that the proposed system has advantages, in particular, modernization of the material and technical base and employee incentives, not only through material rewards, but also through professional qualifications. Thanks to this, it is possible to obtain new quality indicators. Compared with similar outdated quality methods, the proposed model provides such advantages as the introduction of innovative technologies and equipment in production, training in modern technologies for workers, and allows them to compete in the labor market.

Rapid Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxins-A Review.

A toxin is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms. One of the most potent groups of toxins currently known are the Botulinum Neurotoxins (BoNTs). These are so deadly that as little as 62 ng could kill an average human; to put this into context that is approximately 200,000 × less than the weight of a grain of sand. The extreme toxicity of BoNTs leads to the need for methods of determining their concentration at very low levels of sensitivity. Currently the mouse bioassay is the most widely used detection method monitoring the activity of the toxin; however, this assay is not only lengthy, it also has both cost and ethical issues due to the use of live animals. This review focuses on detection methods both existing and emerging that remove the need for the use of animals and will look at three areas; speed of detection, sensitivity of detection and finally cost. The assays will have wide reaching interest, ranging from the pharmaceutical/clinical industry for production quality management or as a point of care sensor in suspected cases of botulism, the food industry as a quality control measure, to the military, detecting BoNT that has been potentially used as a bio warfare agent.

Self-medication practices among Vietnamese residents in highland provinces.

Background: Monitoring self-medication practice, which refers to individuals using medicine without instructions of physicians, is critical to control its harmful effects. However, in Vietnam, evidence about self-medication among individuals in highland areas is constrained. This study examined self-medication practice among residents living in highland areas in Vietnam and determined associated factors.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in five highland provinces with 1000 individuals. Information about individual and household’s socioeconomic status and self-medication practice in the last 12 months was surveyed. Multivariate logistic and Poisson regressions were used to identify associated factors with self-medication.Results: 83.3% reported self-medication in the last 12 months, with the mean times of self-medication being 4.5 times (SD=4.1). Female (OR=0.62, p<0.01), ethnic minorities, higher number of members having health insurance in family (OR=0.82, p<0.01) and higher annual household income (OR=0.78, p<0.05) were associated with the lower likelihood of “Only buy medicines at pharmacy stores when having illness in the last 12 month”. Moreover, people who were females (OR=0.59, p<0.05), white-collar worker (OR=0.25, p<0.01) and had higher number of children in the family (OR=0.68, p<0.05) were less likely to practice self-medication. People who were ethnic minorities, white-collar worker (Coef.=−0.32, p<0.01) and higher number of members having health insurance in family had lower times of self-medication in the last 12 months compared to other groups. Meanwhile, individuals having higher number of members in the family (Coef.=0.07, p<0.01) and higher annual household income (Coef.=0.08, p<0.01) had highertimes of self-medication in the last 12 months.Conclusion: Residents in highland areas in Vietnam had a considerably high 12-month prevalence of self-medication. Medical products quality management and self-medication guideline are potential to maximize the effects of self-medication. Moreover, promoting the use of health insurance should also be concerned as a solution to address this issue.

일본의 수산물 품질·위생관리 실태와 정책적 함의

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the quality and hygiene management of Japanese fishery products from production to retailing, to understand their characteristics and to derive policy implications. In Japan, the starting point of fishery product quality and hygiene management begins after fishing, and the industry

How management tools holistically support enterprises’ operation in supply chains?

The paper examines how utilization of management tools supports enterprises’ operating in supply chains. The paper critically reviews the results of a previous, survey-based study, with a sample of 198 employees from Slovenian organizations, who assessed utilization of management tools in their organizations. With hierarchical regression analysis authors test the associations between management tools’ usage and enterprises operating in supply chain; the impact was controlled with the most significant personal and organizational drivers of management-tools usage. Results show that loyalty management, core competences, and scenario and contingency planning are most strongly associated with the supply chain management’s activities in organizations. The traditional supply chain management’ tools, like outsourcing, lean production and total quality management, are currently not considered to be important vehicles for supporting enterprises’ participation in supply chains. The results from this study suggest rethinking of the current focus of management tools utilization, when organizations try to improve their participation in supply chains. More management tools were measured than in earlier studies regarding management tools, supporting enterprises’ participation in supply chain; relations between management-tools utilization and enterprise participation in supply chain were empirically examined. In addition, the most commonly used management tools were considered simultaneously, which had not been done in prior studies.

Qualitative Models and Quality Management of Probiotic Dairy Products Enriched with New Sources of Selenium

Dairy products enriched with functional ingredients and probiotic microorganisms are an important factor in ensuring the quality of life of the population. Since the authors have developed new cereal and collagen supplements for the enrichment of probiotic dairy products with bioavailable selenium, this study aims to justify new probiotic products formulation, to develop the block diagram of its production with selenium-containing additives as a basis for HACCP system introduction as a safety tool of new probiotic products (PP). For the quality characteristics of PP the main groups of indicators: microbiological, organoleptic, physico-chemical indicators and functional properties were selected. The quality index of the developed PP with selenium-containing cereal and collagen additives was 0.83 and 0.87, respectively. Based on the preferred consumer, chemical composition, taste characteristics and influences on the content of solids, proteins, fats and carbohydrates, the dosage of fruit filler in the formulation of PP in the amount of 8-10% is reasonable. Critical control points of PP production were determined; critical limits, corrective actions and monitoring procedures for each critical control points were established; verification procedures were also discussed for HACCP plan implementation.

Production and Verification of RFID MM2 Microchip with Bump and On-Chip Antenna

This paper describes the special steps taken for the mass production of the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) MM2 microchip. Since the MM2 is the unique semiconductor product with special on-chip antenna, it requires special production steps that might be quite different from ordinary electronics processes. In order to start the volume production, several preparation steps have to be taken in advance. These tasks are usually not included in the research and development stage. At the initial stage of the production, the production scheduling and quality management are the most important works. Since the availability of the production line varies by the demands, the production sometimes becomes very tight and it will cause the delivery shortage that is critical for customers. In this paper, the steps for the production preparation and production process are described. In order to confirm the proper operation against the process variation by lot, at least three lots (equivalent to 1 million microchips) of the wafers were produced. Very limited number of the microchips were used for the reliability test and the rest were used as the pre-production sample purposes. The uniqueness of the production steps compare to other chip production is the on-chip antenna (OCA) process i.e. build-up very small antenna coil with specified carrier frequency on top of the chips.

Differentiating the Effects of Oxidative Stress Tests on Biopharmaceuticals.

A rapid and broadly applicable method to assess relevant oxidative damage in biopharmaceuticals is important for lifecycle management of product quality. Multiple methods are currently employed as stress tests to induce oxidative damage for assessment of stability, safety, and efficacy. We compared two common methods for inducing oxidative damage to assess differences in impact on bioactivity and structure of the biopharmaceuticals. Biopharmaceuticals were treated with either metal-catalyzed oxidation (MCO) conditions or the reactive-oxygen species (ROS) inducer 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), then analyzed for changes in structure and bioactivity. We demonstrate that commonly used chemical methods for assessing oxidation yield distinct oxidation profiles for each of the biotechnology products analyzed, including monoclonal antibodies. We further report oxidant- and product-specific changes in bioactivity under oxidizing conditions, along with differential oxidation on the molecular subunits of monoclonal antibodies. Our results highlight the need for product-specific optimization and selection of orthogonal, relevant oxidizers when characterizing stress responses in biopharmaceuticals.

Technological Features of the Product Quality Management System

Technological Features of the Product Quality Management System

ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESS OF PRODUCTION OF MEAT LOAVESUSING THE IDEF0 METHOD

Presents an analysis of the technology of production of sausage products, for example meat loaves using the method of IDEF0. The technology includes the main stages are: Method of obtaining includes the following stages: preparation of the compound components, the preparation of the composition (in percentage), technological processing (grinding of raw material, heat treatment), shaping, cooling, filling, packaging, labelling, storage. Processing of raw materials is carried out using mechano-acoustic effects (MAV), thereby obtaining a product with a homogenized sedimentation-resistant system and a prolonged shelf life. In order to substantiate the principles for product quality management, the analysis of the product life cycle was carried out with the construction of a block of schemes according to the IDEF0 method.

Development of a control subsystem to stabilize burden materials charging into a furnace

An approach to the development of a control subsystem for the technological process of smelting copper-Nickel raw materials, which allows to stabilize the loading of charge materials into the furnace, is proposed. The structure of the control subsystem is described. The control problem, the control quality criterion, the control object model, control and perturbing effects are considered. Single-circuit and combined variants of subsystems of quality management of products of melting are offered. It is established that the control subsystem stabilizing loading of charge materials in the Vanyukov furnace should be combined: in addition to the feedback loop, it should contain a perturbation compensator on one channel, but as calculations show, the quality improves if all perturbations are compensated.

Assessment of oxygen sequestration on effectiveness of Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags in reducing carotenoid degradation during post-harvest storage of two biofortified orange maize genotypes

Increasing adoption of biofortified orange maize in developing countries requires economical storage methods to manage product quality and carotenoid retention. This study assessed the utility of the Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags with a specific focus on retention of provitamin A and other carotenoids in two biofortified maize genotypes (OPVI and OPVII). Grain was stored at ambient conditions for eight months in PICS bags with and without an O2 scavenger, (PICS-oxy) and (PICS-noxy), respectively, or in common polypropylene woven bags. After 4 months of storage carotenoid content was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in grain stored in PICS-oxy compared to PICS-noxy or woven bags demonstrating the importance of entrapped oxygen on maize carotenoid degradation. Differences were observed in stability between the two mize genotypes. After 8 months, carotenoid stability remained dependent on storage bag and genotype with retention being greater in PICS-oxy and PICS-noxy compared to woven bags and OPVI maintained a higher carotenoid retention than OPVII maize. Oxygen content and genotype were determining factors in the effectiveness of PICS to mitigate carotenoid degradation during post-harvest storage.

Determining the influence of the composition of milk from cows of different breeds on quality indicators for the dutch-type cheese

The paper reports a comprehensive study into the impact of feeding rations and breed of cows on the technological properties of milk and quality characteristics of the Dutch type of cheese. Despite the abundance of information on the relationship between domestic animal feeding and technological parameters for the production of cheeses, a possible relationship between particular properties of animal breeds, changes in feed, and a positive influence on the quality of products requires in-depth research. That explains the relevance of studying the influence of an animal breed and the optimization of animal feed on a set of technological parameters and quality indicators for the Dutch type of cheeses. We manufactured the Dutch-type cheese in a series of experiments using milk from cows of different breeds, obtained at different rations of feeding. We compared the chemical composition of milk from three groups of cows ‒ the Ukrainian brown dairy breed, Lebedinskaya breed, and Simmental breed, at different feed. The results obtained demonstrate that the use of alfalfa haylage contributes to an increase in the mass share of a dry fat-free milk residue in milk, improves its suitability for cheese, as compared with milk obtained over a silage-hay period.We have worked out technological modes for producing the hard Dutch-type cheese from milk of three cow breeds at different feeding rations. It is shown that when applying alfalfa haylage to feed animals the duration of basic technological operations shortens. That helps reduce the share of dry substances (including fat) in whey, and increases the output of finished product. The samples of hard Dutch-type cheese, made from milk of all three groups of animals over a haylage-hay period are characterized by a high content of essential amino acids, as well as free amino acids, and soluble non-protein nitrogen. That predetermined their higher degree of ripeness, and the larger point-based assessment, in terms of organoleptic characteristics (by 7‒15 points), compared to the samples of cheese produced from milk received over a silage-hay period. The highest point-based estimate for organoleptic characteristics (99 points) was given to samples of the Dutch-type cheese made from milk of the Ukrainian brown dairy cow, milked over a haylage-hay period.It was established that an animal breed has a significant impact on the suitability of milk for cheese and yield of the finished product. The most significant influence of the optimized feeding was exerted on the organoleptic and sensorial indicators for a Dutch-type cheese. The proof are the indicators for proteolytic activity. There was an increase in the growth of nitrogen within soluble fractions, an accelerated maturation process, as evidenced by the accumulation of low-molecular nitrogenous fractions. The largest total amount of free amino acids was demonstrated by cheese made from milk of the cows that were fed the improved ration using alfalfa haylage.The developed feeding rations, as well as the improved technological parameters for making a Dutch-type cheese, could be recommended as the cost and product quality management methods for producing mass-market and craft cheese.

Analysis of Costs at the Production of Finishing Works with Guaranteed Quality Level

The aim of the work is to analyze the cost of finishing works. Object of research is paint application process on building products and design. Information is provided on the results of the cost analysis in the process of painting the surface of building products and structures, depending on the level of defectiveness at each stage of the process. Recommendations are given to improve the efficiency of the painting process, the application of statistical methods for managing product quality to the analysis of the process for obtaining paint coatings with specified properties. Determined, that in terms of the number of standard deviations and the level of defectiveness, the greatest attention is required by the surface cleaning operation, the priming of the cleaned surface and hardening of weak bases, as well as application of putty on the surface. Thus, consideration of economic costs on each stage of the process will allow the enterprise to find reserves for increasing production efficiency. The real way to reduce financial losses is to increase the number of standard deviations of quality indicators in the tolerance field, which is recommended by the six sigma methodology. To successfully reduce the cost of correcting defects, it is necessary methodology “six sigma”, statistical methods of control and quality management of products, carry out preventive and corrective actions, as well as to evaluate failures leading to a decrease in profits, regardless of the reasons for their being caused.