Product Quality Management Research Articles

Stability assessment methods of technological processes

Ensuring the stability of quality indicators and product accuracy in modern conditions requires not only classical production measures but also organizational arrangements, which deals with clarifying and modernizing the conceptual apparatus. The study analyzes the methods for assessing the stability of machining, established in the standard process documents regulating the issues of product quality management in mechanical engineering, and reveals the ambiguity of the term ‘stability’ relating to processes under transition to the arrangement of digital production and the use of equipment with adaptive control. The Fisher criterion can be used for quantitatively analyzing the stability of processes under statistical control.

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТИ ПРИНЯТИЯ РЕШЕНИЙ ПРИ УПРАВЛЕНИИ КАЧЕСТВОМ ПРОДУКЦИИ

Making decisions based on the results of the assessment of product quality is an urgent task of product quality management, as it requires, focusing on the available resources, to decide which indicator to improve and which not. The more criteria are taken into account at the stage of product quality assessment, the more resources need to be considered when making decisions. The development of a way to visualize the area of admissible solutions in the presence of more than ten indicators of product quality is one of the ways to solve this problem. The paper proposes a methodology for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of decision-making when solving the problem of improving the assessment of product quality by applying a visualization model of the area of admissible solutions, based on the optimal assessment of product quality, in addition, a method for identifying resources related to quality indicators is given. The proposed methodology expands the existing decision-making methods in the field of quality management and is new.

Building an ontological information-analytical system to manage quality of double-glazed windows in the production of solar panels

This paper reports an ontological approach to designing intelligent decision support to control the quality of multi-layered double-glazed windows within the framework of a virtual instrument-building enterprise (VIE) that produces solar energy complexes. It is shown that improving the efficiency in solving the tasks related to managing the quality of VIE products necessitates the application of an ontological engineering toolset to create a unified knowledge space that would cover the manufacturing phase of a product's life cycle. The methodical basis for making an ontological information-analytical system (OIAS) to manage product quality was the tool platform TODOS (Ukraine) whose means were used to synthesize a set of ontological models that make up the intelligent core of OIAS. The OIAS knowledge-based inference procedure has been described when making a decision about a deviation in the manufacturing process that led to the emergence of damage. This procedure implies the implementation of direct and reverse inference based on the knowledge in the ontological environment and makes it possible to identify the sources of defects and damage and generate a solution to eliminating these sources. Procedures have been devised to assess the effectiveness of the development and application of OIAS to automate the quality management of multi-layered double-glazed windows. These procedures employ a set of indicators that reflect both the technical and economic components of the quality control process. It has been shown that during 2019 a typical subcontractor enterprise that applied the developed system managed to reduce the number of defective products by about 73 %. Further research areas have been identified, including the development of methodical means and, based on them, the toolsets for the deployment of industrial ontological quality management systems

Methodology for managing quality indicators of hardware products with elements of robust design

Production of metalware is characterized with a great variety of shapes and sizes, originality of each product and a multiple-stage process. Various techniques used to process steel sections (such as cold and hot forming, machining, heat treatment, etc.) make it significantly more difficult to tackle product quality problems. Modern product quality management methodologies are based on a wide use of economical, organizational, technical and other methods. This paper describes a production-related quality control method involving certain elements of robust design. This method is based on the definition of noise factors and control parameters, as well as the conduction of noise and principal experiments. The noise experiment will help estimate the impact of disturbing factors (environmental or industrial) on product quality indicators, whereas the principal experiment will help identify the optimum production mode that can deliver the best quality and, at the same time, minimize the production losses. Robust design techniques can be effectively utilized to control the quality of metalware when developing new and optimizing the existing processes. The paper gives an example of how the quality of S10S steel bars can be controlled through the application of efficient production modes enabling to minimize quality-related costs.

МЕТОДИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ТА МОДЕЛІ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ АДАПТИВНИХ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ РІШЕНЬ У БУДІВНИЦТВІ

The article analyzes the methodological approaches to making adaptive management decisions in construction, taking into account European quality standards for construction products. It was found that the civilizational choice of Ukraine, its main priority of domestic and foreign policy is full-scale integration with the European Union. The «4M» methodology is presented, which directly connects quality management with the use of the whole arsenal of management methods and management decision-making options. It is noted that one of the most important factors in the quality of construction products is effective inventory management, which reduces the duration of the production and the entire operating cycle reducing current costs for their preservation and freeing from current economic turnover of funds by reinvesting them in other assets. Ensuring this efficiency is achieved through the development and implementation of financial policies for inventory management. Emphasis is placed on the fact that one of the modern methods of making adaptive management decisions on the quality of construction products is benchmarking. Its’ application is based on the characteristics of quality management systems, guided by international and national quality management standards. Benchmarking tools have been found in order to make effective management decisions and gain a lasting competitive advantage. It is concluded that taking into account European standards the solution of effective management decisions by the construction companies’ product quality management, is based on the use of operational, marketing and economic tools that address the strategic development of construction companies in Ukraine. In turn, the path chosen by the economy of Ukraine indicates the need to comply with European standards of construction work quality, which is significantly complicated by the current state of domestic production systems.

CURRENT TRENDS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EUROPEAN MODEL OF ENSURING THE QUALITY OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS IN UKRAINE

The most important task of the modern agrarian policy for the development of the meat products sub-complex is to maintain and increase the level of meat production, stimulate the expansion of its range and degree of processing, as well as to improve the quality. The country's transition to market relations necessitates further improvement of the economic mechanism of management in the meat products sub-complex, their reorientation to stimulate the production of competitive products, considering consumer demand. The article aims to reveal modern approaches to guaranteeing the quality and safety of livestock products in the EU and substantiate the possibilities of their application in Ukraine. This work reveals modern approaches to guarantee the quality and safety of animal products in the EU and justify their possible use in Ukraine. The key elements of the new food safety concept in the EU, rooted in the early 2000s are discovered. The specific legislation governing food safeties in the EU is shoved up. The features of the system of quality certification and livestock products produced with food are discovered. Directions for the formation of an effective system for ensuring the quality and safety of organic livestock products are proposed. The experience of product quality management in the meat sub-complex of the EU countries is revealed. The trends of the European system of compulsory labelling of animal welfare in the manufacture of certain types of livestock production and distribution systems of the voluntary certification program for the protection of animals are revealed. The problems in quality due to the intensification of livestock are noted. The trends and modern approaches to improving knowledge about the impact of a number of substances and ingredients contained in animal products, on human health are analysed

Вплив енергетичного живлення на продуктивність цьоголітків райдужної форелі

Вплив енергетичного живлення на продуктивність цьоголітків райдужної форелі

Information support of a quality management system in the context of digitalization of business processes

In conditions of improving production processes, the organization and implementation of a quality management system is one of the most important issues in the management system of individual business processes and the organization as a whole. The formation and implementation of control over the organization of production, product quality, labor protection and other business processes and management objects is carried out in accordance with the accumulated theoretical, methodological and practical experience. However, at present, in the conditions of intensive development of technologies that allow us to move to a qualitatively new level of production, traditionally established approaches to managing business processes are losing their relevance and require additions, including in terms of enhancing the automation of information support for the quality management system. Therefore, as part of this study, it is proposed to pay attention to the development of tools of intelligent quality management systems in terms of performing control and analytical tasks.

Features of conducting audits of grain suppliers for the flour mill

The human impact on the environment has led to the contamination of food raw materials and food products with toxic substances of various origins. A large global problem for the production of crop and livestock products was production and consumption waste, which are toxic to the environment and humans. Therefore, the global development of food production has a clear tendency to ensure its safety. Currently, special attention is being paid to the issues of production and sale, quality control and high-grade food products. This is one of the priority issues for introducing new systems for managing product quality and food safety. In the most general sense, food safety is the absence of possible damage, harm. Such a definition is relative and probabilistic, i.e. at the moment there is no threat, but it may arise in the future, or there is no mortal danger, for example, for a person, but there is a danger to his health. Therefore, when assessing suppliers of raw materials, a risk-based approach is often used based on an assessment not only of the actual condition of the enterprise, but also on further risks from the supplier. The goal of reducing the risk of diseases caused by the consumption of pollutants has been identified as one of the most important food safety issues in the country and around the world. Grain processing products are one of the main types of raw materials for the processing industry. Therefore, it is strategically important to consider the risks of wheat entering the mills. The article provides an overview of modern criteria for assessing suppliers of grain for the production of flour, taking into account global trends in the development of crops, as well as methods for assessing them.

Current aspects of quality management in the context of deepening integration and globalization processes

The paper examines and substantiates the need to introduce a systematic approach to rational quality management as a key element of a modern, efficient and effective management system of the business entity, in order to improve financial and economic results through the production of higher quality products. The main system processes of product quality management and the algorithm of their implementation are considered as the most important elements of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning of the business entity in the context of globalization. It was determined that in the European integration processes of the quality management system able to ensure the formation of not only a competitive advantage, but also sustainable development. The analysis of product quality control as a separate function of business management processes, the purpose of which is to increase the competitiveness of the business entity. The most attractive directions of functioning of the enterprise concerning management of quality of production in the conditions of globalization are outlined. The short-term and long-term goals of further development of the business entity are substantiated and the ways of their achievement are outlined. In European countries, the quality management system integrated with the concept of corporate responsibility, thus ensuring not only profit, but also to increase the social and economic well-being of the population. The last decade is characterized by the introduction of the integrated quality management systems based on international standards of quality. This allows for a certain number of both internal and external competitive advantage. Maintaining high competitiveness by improving quality is of paramount importance and becomes a decisive factor in the commercial success of the enterprise in the context of globalization.

Comparative Study between Current Practices on Cassava Drying by Small-Size Enterprises in Africa

Small-size enterprises drying cassava in Africa mostly use fixed-bed dryers or pneumatic dryers. The objective of this study was to determine which of those two dryers is the best choice for this operation. Energy performance, product quality and costs were measured and analysed using a comparative experiment design. Each dryer was considered as a treatment and experiments were performed in quintuplicate at a cassava processing small-size enterprise in Ghana. The energy performance of the pneumatic dryer was superior because of the better contact between the cassava grits and the drying air, resulting in greater heat and mass transfer. The cassava flour obtained from the fixed-bed dryer had a higher Whiteness Index, but the same level of lightness, and the staff responsible for managing product quality was not able to visually distinguish them. As a result of the pneumatic dryer’s better energy performance, its operating cost was lower. The capital cost of this dryer was higher, but to recover the additional investment only 194 days of operation were needed. Therefore, it was concluded that pneumatic dryers are a better choice of equipment for cassava drying by small-size enterprises in Africa.

Confirmation of the reproducibility of the measurement process by evaluating the measurement uncertainty in accordance with the industry standard

Currently, quality management issues of modern automated production facilities are becoming increasingly relevant in connection with development and implementation of innovative metrological systems used in production quality management systems. The problem of making decisions on conformity of products to the established requirements, taking into account measurement uncertainty, is essentially one of the determining problems of quality assurance, since in order to avoid incorrect decisions when accepting products, it is necessary to be able to evaluate (calculate) the size of the measurement uncertainty area. The article provides an improved procedure for calculating uncertainty, which helps to avoid making such decisions.

Product Quality Management in a Supply Chain with Competition: The Value of Tracing and Recalls

Problem definition: Tracing the responsibility for defective products and sharing the related cost for product recalls resulting from quality issues are critical for product quality management in a supply chain setting. This paper studies the effects of product tracing and recalls in a supply chain with one retailer and multiple competing manufacturers, each of which may reduce product quality to save production cost, but at the risk of being caught. Methodology/results:: We develop a game theoretical framework in a supply chain setting to study the product quality management under competition in the presence of tracing and recalls. We examine the impacts of the adoption of traceability-enabled technologies on product quality and welfare of the supply chain members. We also investigate the efficiency and fairness of traceability adoption that incentivizes manufacturers to improve product quality. Our analysis shows that traceability always improves product quality, but it may either hurt or benefit some or even all supply chain members depending on the magnitude of the model primitives. Managerial implications: These analytical results and managerial insights continue to hold in various cases with imperfect quality inspection, bilateral bargain in determining the responsibility for penalty cost, asymmetric manufacturers differing in the cost of quality improvement, and unobservable qualities, which further ensures the robustness of our findings. We observe that the adoption of traceability could lead to a supply chain coordination with a ``win-win outcome for all parties under certain conditions, which further implies that these new technologies should be implemented in practice but with cautious.

Development of Concrete Mixture Design Process Using MCDM Approach for Sustainable Concrete Quality Management

The development of a concrete mixture design process for high-quality concrete production with sustainable values is a complex process because of the multiple required properties at the green/hardened state of concrete and the interdependency of concrete mixture parameters. A new multicriteria decision making (MCDM) technique based on Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodology is applied to a fuzzy setting for the selection of concrete mix factors and concrete mixture design methods with the aim towards sustainable concrete quality management. Three objective properties for sustainable quality concrete are adopted as criteria in the proposed MCDM model. The seven most dominant concrete mixture parameters with consideration to sustainable concrete quality issues, i.e., environmental (density, durability) and socioeconomic criteria (cost, optimum mixture ingredients ratios), are proposed as sub-criteria. Three mixture design techniques that have potentiality to include sustainable aspects in their design procedure, two advanced and one conventional concrete mixture design method, are taken as alternatives in the MCDM model. The proposed selection support framework may be utilized in updating concrete design methods for sustainability and in deciding the most dominant concrete mix factors that can provide sustainable quality management in concrete production as well as in concrete construction. The concrete mix factors found to be most influential to produce sustainable concrete quality include the water/cement ratio and density. The outcomes of the proposed MCDM model of fuzzy TOPSIS are consistent with the published literature and theory. The DOE method was found to be more suitable in sustainable concrete quality management considering its applicable objective quality properties and concrete mix factors.

Technological preparation of production for product quality management according to IATF 16949:16 requirements

The article analyzes the content of the EU CCI in the conditions of Soviet enterprises. The tasks and additional procedures in the project of preparation of production and release of a new product that allow for the production of machine-building products in modern conditions of competition between domestic enterprises and international machine-building corporations are highlighted.

Optimum reliability acceptance sampling plan using Type-I generalized hybrid censoring scheme for products under warranty

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to design an optimal reliability acceptance sampling plan (RASP) using the Type-I generalized hybrid censoring scheme (GHCS) for non-repairable products sold under the general rebate warranty. A cost function approach is proposed for products having Weibull distributed lifetimes incorporating relevant costs.Design/methodology/approachFor Weibull distributed product lifetimes, acceptance criterion introduced by Lieberman and Resnikoff (1955) is derived for Type-I GHCS. A cost function is formulated using expected warranty cost and other relevant cost components incorporating the acceptance criterion. The cost function is optimized following a constrained optimization approach to arrive at the optimum RASP. The constraint ensures that the producer's and the consumer's risks are maintained at agreed-upon levels.FindingsOptimal solution using the above approach is obtained for Type-I GHCS. As a special case of Type-I GHCS, the proposed approach is also used to arrive at the optimal design for Type-I hybrid censoring scheme as shown in Chakrabarty et al. (2019). Observations regarding the change in optimal design and computational times between the two censoring schemes are noted. An extensive simulation study is performed to validate the model for finite sample sizes and the results obtained are found to be in strong agreement. In order to analyze the sensitivity of the optimal solution due to misspecification of parameter values and cost components, a well-designed sensitivity analysis is carried out using a real-life failure data set from Lawless (2003). Interesting observations are made regarding the change in optimal cost due to change in parameter values, the impact of warranty cost in optimal design and change in optimal design due to change in lot sizes.Originality/valueThe research presents an approach for designing optimal RASPs using Type-I generalized hybrid censoring. The study formulates optimum life test sampling plans by minimizing the average aggregate costs involved, which makes it valuable in dealing with real-life problems pertaining to product quality management.

Marketable Product Quality Management in Conditions of Coal Mining at a Deposit of Complicated Structure

Globalization of the energy feedstock market has led to the fact that, in recent decades, parameters of the thermal coal market significantly changed. Depletion of “rich” deposits implies development of new deposits of more complicated structure and characteristics. The paper proposes a new approach to managing quality of marketable products in the course of development of a coal deposit of complicated structure, which has demonstrated its effectiveness in the conditions of the Beisky deposit. The approach to managing quality of the marketable products is based on the concept of the relevance of improving the quality of technological processes and their differentiation according to the criterion of the maximum ratio of value and cost of the products. Typical solutions are proposed, and the results of implementation of the developed methodological approach to managing quality of the marketable products as exemplified by the Vostochno-Beisky open-pit coal mine are presented. Methods of analysis of technological factors governing the selection of parameters of the process operations were used, and the substantiation of the processes for preparation of blocks, excavation, transportation, storage and processing of products in conditions of open pit mining of a coal deposit having complicated structure was performed. The implementation of the developed technological solutions in the conditions of the Vostochno-Beisky open-pit coal mine allowed to obtain positive results, expressed in the growth of quality indicators of the marketable products by 4-6 %.

Análisis descriptivo de la industria de muebles de madera de Delicias, Chihuahua

La industria de fabricantes de muebles de madera contribuye de manera importante a la generación de empleos de la región de Delicias, Chihuahua. La muestra con la que se logró la presente investigación fueron empresas representativas de la industria como lo demuestra el hecho de que el promedio de antigüedad en el mercado fue de 30 años. Se determinó las capacidades y necesidades productivas. Se aplicó un cuestionario de 35 preguntas con 95 variables, aplicados a 25 empresas. De los cuales el 40% son microempresas y el 53% son pequeñas empresas. El total de profesionistas en la muestra fue de 8.24% del número total de trabajadores que laboran principalmente en el área administrativa. El 93% de las empresas no cuentan con un plan estratégico lo que representó una gran debilidad. Entre las principales fortalezas fueron que el 53% cuenta con una antigüedad en el mercado de 31 a 40 años, lo que significó que tienen experiencia en la industria y cuentan con capacidad emprendedora y potencial para transformar de manera competitiva en diseño y calidad sus productos. Lo anterior manifestó que se tiene que trabajar más en capacitación en las áreas de producción, calidad y manejo de desechos, en planeación estratégica, en la norma ISO 035, en uso de suelo e integración a las diferentes asociaciones empresariales.

Забезпечення збору, обробки та зберігання інформації в системі управління якістю продукції

Methodological bases of integration of the software for gathering and processing of the information in the automated quality management system of the enterprise are considered. The peculiarities of development of unified formats of data storage and presentation in the system, when many users work with them at the same time, are developed and described. A scheme of an automated product quality management system is proposed, which clearly demonstrates the place of intelligent software in the information environment of the enterprise, an example of which is an expert system for designing the technological process of restoration of machine parts. Unified data presentation formats are the result of developing requirements for standard formats for describing the same type of product groups, which regulate uniform forms and rules of product description and requirements for machine-oriented forms of presenting information about regulatory documentation.It is established that the methodological measures for the integration of intelligent software in the information environment of the enterprise in accordance with the process model of building a quality management system according to CALS-standards ISO 10303 STEP one of the most important steps involves the development of unified data presentation and storage users.The system of identification and traceability is universal because it applies not only to quality management, but also to the management of the process of technological processing of the nomenclature of parts of assembly units and the machine as a whole. In this system, the work of the enterprise is considered as a set of many processes that are performed within its operation, and the process itself — as a structured set of functions that are performed for a single purpose — to create quality products. In modeling, these processes are divided into functions, each of which is considered separately from the others and analyzed in a closed loop. This approach significantly reduces the time required to prepare the product for entry into the market due to the coordinated, transparent work of all departments and high cooperation of people from different departments.

Sistem Informasi Manajemen Mutu Produk Di PT Deltomed Laboratories Wonogiri

This research is entitled Sistem Informasi Manajemen Mutu Produk Di PT Deltomed Laboratories Wonogiri. This study aims to create a product quality management information system at PT Deltomed Laboratories, facilitate information management & product quality administration, and create efficiency and effectiveness in the process of product quality management for the better. The system development method used in this study is Waterfall where the process starts from Communication, Planning, Modeling, Construction and Deployment. For system design tools using UML diagrams with the Visual Basic programming language and MySQL Database. The results achieved are a product quality management information system that facilitates information management & product quality administration, as well as creating work efficiency and effectiveness in the process of product quality management for the better.