Patterns Of Cooperation Research Articles

Apple Leave Disease Detection Using Collaborative ML/DL and Artificial Intelligence Methods: Scientometric Analysis.

Infection in apple leaves is typically brought on by unanticipated weather conditions such as rain, hailstorms, draughts, and fog. As a direct consequence of this, the farmers suffer a significant loss of productivity. It is essential to be able to identify apple leaf diseases in advance in order to prevent the occurrence of this disease and minimise losses to productivity caused by it. The research offers a bibliometric analysis of the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in diagnosing diseases affecting apple leaves. The study provides a bibliometric evaluation of apple leaf disease detection using artificial intelligence. Through an analysis of broad current developments, publication and citation structures, ownership and cooperation patterns, bibliographic coupling, productivity patterns, and other characteristics, this scientometric study seeks to discover apple diseases. Nevertheless, numerous exploratory, conceptual, and empirical studies have concentrated on the identification of apple illnesses. However, given that disease detection is not confined to a single field of study, there have been very few attempts to create an extensive science map of transdisciplinary studies. In bibliometric assessments, it is important to take into account the growing amount of research on this subject. The study synthesises knowledge structures to determine the trend in the research topic. A scientometric analysis was performed on a sample of 214 documents in the subject of identifying apple leaf disease using a scientific search technique on the Scopus database for the years 2011-2022. In order to conduct the study, the Bibliometrix suite's VOSviewer and the web-based Biblioshiny software were also utilised. Important journals, authors, nations, articles, and subjects were chosen using the automated workflow of the software. Furthermore, citation and co-citation checks were performed along with social network analysis. In addition to the intellectual and social organisation of the meadow, this investigation reveals the conceptual structure of the area. It contributes to the body of literature by giving academics and practitioners a strong conceptual framework on which to base their search for solutions and by making perceptive recommendations for potential future research areas.

Deciphering Hierarchical Chromatin Domains and Preference of Genomic Position Forming Boundaries in Single Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells.

The exploration of single-cell 3D genome maps reveals that chromatin domains are indeed physical structures presenting in single cells, and domain boundaries vary from cell to cell. However, systematic analysis of the association between regulatory factor binding and elements and the formation of chromatin domains in single cells has not yet emerged. To this end, a hierarchical chromatin domain structure identification algorithm (named as HiCS) is first developed from individual single-cell Hi-C maps, with superior performance in both accuracy and efficiency. The results suggest that in addition to the known CTCF-cohesin complex, Polycomb, TrxG, pluripotent protein families, and other multiple factors also contribute to shaping chromatin domain boundaries in single embryonic stem cells. Different cooperation patterns of these regulatory factors drive genomic position categories with differential preferences forming boundaries, and the most extensive six types of retrotransposons are differentially distributed in these genomic position categories with preferential localization. The above results suggest that these different retrotransposons within genomic regions interplay with regulatory factors navigating the preference of genomic positions forming boundaries, driving the formation of higher-order chromatin structures, and thus regulating cell functions in single mouse embryonic stem cells.

Bibliometric Analysis and Key Messages of Monkeypox Research (2003–2022)

Objective: At the global level, a multi-country outbreak of monkeypox has attracted global attention. The purpose of this study is to explore the growing contribution of global research on monkeypox. Methods: Publications related to monkeypox were retrieved from PubMed and Web of Science. Bibliometric analyses were conducted by VOSviewer and CiteSpace software to generate network maps, evaluate hot topics in the field, and identify cooperation patterns between different authors and countries. Results: A total of 1822 publications were retrieved to reflect the global overall monkeypox research output, including clinical trials, systematic reviews, case reports, and laboratory studies. The most productive country and institution were respectively the United States and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—USA (CDC). The top three authors with the highest number of publications were all from the CDC. Research hotspots included some monkeypox-related diseases, such as smallpox and vaccinia, and the prevention and treatment of monkeypox diseases, such as antiviral drugs and smallpox vaccines. Research fronts included real-time PCR, immune evasion, animal models, and monkeypox outbreak countries (Democratic Republic of Congo and others). Conclusions: Research on monkeypox is mainly carried out from the aspects of its source, transmission route, virus prevalence, and prevention and control measures. Controlling monkeypox is a global responsibility, and the future research into monkeypox control methods is suggested to focus on more than vaccines.

The local community faced with the threat of drought and flooding

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to analyse the position of local communities towards the risk and the capacity of self-organisation for environmental security in water management in the two areas of drought and flooding. The opinions collected during the questionnaire survey and a review of past behaviour and responses to potential risks and emergencies allowed a diagnosis to be made of the current state of resilience of the communities surveyed to the threat of the water element.MethodsIn June 2022, surveys were carried out using a questionnaire. The data was analysed and graphically processed in the form of charts showing the distribution of answers to the questions asked.ResultsThe results of the research process carried out indicate the current pattern of contacts and cooperation, but also the awareness, knowledge and sense of security of local communities in the face of drought and flood risks. The most important data were collated and this was also related to the nature and specificity of the respondents.ConclusionsThe research undertaken resulted in a discussion on capacity building and the role of citizens in solving the difficulties and challenges of water management in the context of future threats. In addition, a subjective pledge of solutions and tools to strengthen the resilience of social groups to environmental pressures and at the same time to comply with the principle of sustainable and balanced development is included in the conclusions.

Differentiated cooperation as the mode of governance in EU foreign policy

ABSTRACT While the standard conceptualization of differentiation in the European Union (EU) focuses on differentiated integration, scholars devote less attention to differentiated cooperation. This article argues, on the contrary, that member states’ engagement in differentiated efforts in EU foreign policy manifest themselves both in the form of differentiated integration and cooperation. It elaborates an original conceptual framework for exploring differentiated cooperation as a mode of governance. Drawing on the articles in this special issue, this introduction maps empirical manifestations of differentiated cooperation in various areas and dimensions of EU foreign policy. The results of the special issue show that differentiated cooperation has mostly manifested itself in informal patterns of cooperation, with the treaty-based mechanisms being limited. As such, the special issue reflects the differentiation and informalization processes occurring not only in the EU, but also in global governance more broadly.

Dynamic decision modeling of production and marketing in low-carbon supply chains considering delay effects.

This article deals with a dynamic decision-making model for a low-carbon supply chain which consists of a manufacturer and a platform retailer. Consideration of delay effects, a delayed differential equation for the effect of low-carbon investment efforts (LIE) in R&D and low-carbon promotional effort (LPE) on low-carbon goodwill (LG) is developed. Moreover, Hamilton's function is applied to solve the decision problem of optimal control. In the model, the differences between the agency selling and reselling patterns are analyzed by comparing LIE, LPE, LG, and net discounted profit. The commission system is a key measure for dynamic decision making on low-carbon products, while the commission rate is also an important reference point for decision making on cooperation patterns. In contrast to the findings of previous studies, this article derives specific thresholds for commissions. Furthermore, this study considers delay effects from a dynamic perspective. The findings show differences in both decentralized and centralized decision-making solutions for supply chains as the delay time changes. The proposed models are analyzed mathematically and numerical examples are illustrated to justify the feasibility of the model in reality. This study provides new insights into the choice of platform sales patterns for firms to develop agency selling and reselling partnership solutions in practice.

Investigating the patterns of cooperation and role of embeddedness in EU defence projects

Social capital and cooperative behaviour could play an important role in the modern societies seeking to achieve socio-economic development and integration. Additionally, in times when facing remarkable challenges trust and interstate cooperation might enhance the countries involved to make fruitful efforts against the potential negative consequences of the emerging threats. Accordingly in this paper we propose that since the middle of the 2010’s possible challenges emerged in the European Union, which necessitated common reactions and coordinated measures, thus it seems interesting to investigate the patterns of cooperation and role of social embeddedness in the defence sector. Applying a quantitative approach with social network analysis methods we explore and characterize the EU-level defence cooperation projects in the light of other relevant factors.

Global Production Networks in the Regional Analysis Framework: Case of the EU Peripheral Automotive Manufacturing

Recent transformations following the global financial crisis of 2009, COVID-19 pandemic, supply chains disruptions and newest shocks have radically reshaped global production landscape and challenged comparative benefits of global production networks (GPN) vs global value chains (GVC) paradigms in international production analysis. The study tests the hypothesis that GPN concept allows for a better identification of structural shifts in international production structures while revealing regional patterns of cooperation. In the first section, the main methodological constraints of GVC paradigm are specified. Additionally, the reasons for the application of network-based approach to international production are outlined. The second section dissects the EU automotive manufacturing to support the theoretical propositions. While comparing GVC and GPN quantitative toolkits, the possible trade-off has been reached which is to calculate network indicators (transitivity, centrality, etc.) on the inter-country input-output tables. As a result, the hypothesis was confirmed. Specifically, betweenness centrality metric suggests that Czechia and Slovakia have immediately favoured a positive effect of the entry into the EU, whereas neither of GVC indicators reveals such a shift. Simultaneously, 2008 crisis is depicted via GVC indicators, whilst network metrics suggest no structural changes in the production system. These results corroborate to our theoretical juxtaposition of GVC/GPN approaches. The methodological cohesion of two sets of indicators further advances the views on European regional coreperiphery integration and automotive production networks dynamics. At the same time, the findings may contribute to the reassessment of regional integration developments in Europe, as well as in Latin America and Eurasia.

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Unbalanced Regional Economic Development and Countermeasures

Xi Jinping pointed out in the Party's Report to the 20th CPC National Congress that Chinese-style modernization is a modernization in which all people are prosperous together, and common prosperity is still our unremitting pursuit. Although China has built a well-off society in an all-round way in 2020, today's well-off society is still incomplete. The uncoordinated development of regional economy and the unbalanced development within the region still restrict the realization of the goal of common prosperity. For this reason, this paper divides the influencing factors of regional economy into three aspects: policy governance factors, regional endowment factors and capital investment factors. Regional economy is based on capital investment and regional endowment factors, and is restricted and guided by policy governance factors. The three factors are in unity of opposites and form an organic whole together, so we can specifically analyze regional economic situations in different time and space on this basis. At the same time, from these three aspects, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for developing regional economy, such as constructing multi-level and all-round cooperation pattern, consolidating resource endowment, promoting the optimization and upgrading of regional industrial structure, and promoting the construction of regional innovation system, so as to gradually realize common prosperity under the coordinated development of regional economy and the continuous compensation of development differences between and within regions.

РОЛЬ АСЕАН У РОЗВИТКУ ЕКОНОМІКИ ПІВДЕННО-СХІДНОЇ АЗІЇ

The article investigates the role of the Association of SouthEast Asian Nations in the process of forming the economy of the lands of SouthEast Asia. Defining the role and place of multilateral dialogue mechanisms in particular, the ASEAN Regional Forum, in the Southeast Asia on economic issues in the architecture of the economy is a highly important issue of the thesis. It is argued that due to the post-bipolar security uncertainty in Southeast Asia the request to establish a regional security body that would include not only ASEAN member states but also their Asia Pacific dialogue partners and other countries to develop joint collective threat response to economic threats facing the region. The structure of the article is aimed at gaining optimal solution of the set tasks. It allowed to obtain scientific results in the form of conclusions that give a holistic view of the conceptual principles, mechanisms, core directions of ASEAN economic activity in Southeast Asia, specific cooperation patterns between member states of the Association and key non-regional actors in international relations, including Ukraine. For this purpose, the subject limits of research and the use of a wide range of general and special methods are substantiated in the article, which allowed studying the object of research. The study provides a thorough analysis of the scientific level development of the problem, reveals the main trends of modern research on the problems of East Asian economic processes. In the course of the study, the regulatory, axiological and praxeological principles of the Association's functioning were analyzed using the example of the ASEAN Community as a basic economic initiative of the organization, aimed at ensuring the necessary level of cooperation among member states in solving urgent problems. The author of the article draws attention to the fact that in the early 90s of the XX century іn SouthЕast Asia, a number of threats not only of a traditional (conventional) but also to a greater extent non-traditional (transnational/cross-border) nature became actualized. The processes of globalization, the specificity of regionalism, the dynamics of economic processes have led to the appearance of a number of problems and challenges in the field of economy, which the countries of the SouthЕast Asian region have faced. Thus, this study is relevant, as it provides an understanding of the dynamics and main trends of the economic development of the SouthЕast Asian region, in particular, in the field of economic cooperation. For Ukraine, the results of the study open up additional opportunities for establishing friendly and constructive relations with ASEAN member countries.

Working relationship between local fishermen and migrant fishermen in Palu Bay

This study aims to analyze: (1) Patterns of cooperation and profit sharing as a form of reciprocal relations between local fishermen and migrant fishermen, (2) The level of welfare of local fishermen as a consequence of these reciprocal relations. To answer this question, a study was held in Lere Village, Palu Bay. This research is qualitative with sampling techniques using Purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out with in-depth interviews and engaged observations and literature studies. Data analysis uses a three-step technique, namely data reduction, data categorization, conclusions. The results of this study are: (1) Patterns of cooperation and profit sharing as a form of reciprocal relations between local fishermen and migrant fishermen include: labor deployment, profit sharing rules, fish marketing with pattern rules. (2) The level of welfare of local fishermen as a consequence of mutual relations before cooperating and after cooperation includes: Ownership of more modern means of production, increased income, better home conditions, more varied ownership of household appliances, and ownership of more transportation facilities than before. The conclusion of this study is that the presence of migrant fishermen is very large for improving the welfare of local traditional fishermen in Palu bay

RESEARCH INDICATORS ON IFRS AND QUALITY ACHIEVEMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF WOS PUBLICATIONS

This study aims to highlight the bibliometric indicators of the research On the relationship between IFRS and quality in the field of accounting, by focusing on the development of scientific production, and on the publication pattern in terms of the number of authors, the most important influential authors, and the authors citation network. We will also focus on analyzing the publications in terms of their nature, highlighting the most influential ones, and then analyzing the terminology. The VOSviewer program was used to analyze the data extracted from the Web of Science database. One of the most important results reached is that scientific production in this field is multiplying at an accelerated rate. It is dominated by the pattern of cooperation in publishing, especially the tripartite cooperation. Barth, M.E, is the most influential author. In terms of publications, the articles are predominant in nature, with Ball, R. et al. (2003) the most influential. The terminology indicates that there are three basic divisions: earnings quality, report quality, and governance.

Strategic cultures between the EU member states: convergence or divergence?

ABSTRACT Given the push to strengthen European defence cooperation, the topic of whether a European strategic culture is emerging has become widely contested. Since convergence between member states is the key that would unlock the way to a European strategic culture, this paper examines how they perceive crucial aspects of strategic culture and in what aspects they have converged and diverged. This study selected Germany, Poland, and Ireland as cases of the EU-27 member states. It compared the three national strategic cultures in three aspects: strategic environment, cooperation patterns, and strategic goals and means, by conducting a computer-based content analysis of strategic documents and official speeches of high-level national policymakers between 2000 and 2020. This study found that despite the persistent divergence in strategic goals and means, the three countries have shown greater convergence in their perceptions of the strategic environment and that while their preferences on cooperation patterns are largely unchanged, they seem to be accepting the EU as a legitimate and favourable platform for security and defence cooperation. These findings suggest that the prospects for the emergence of a European strategic culture and further developments of the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy are both challenging and promising.

Analisis Nilai Kontribusi Bantuan Kemanusiaan Palestina Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Tahun 2018-2021

Since the Jews declared the establishment of the state of Israel in the Palestinian territories in 1948, Indonesia has been part of the party opposing the Israeli occupation and supporting the Palestinian people's efforts to gain their right to independence. In terms of humanitarian assistance, zakat, infaq and alms management institutions are increasingly promoting various humanitarian aids, one of which is the Indonesia’s National Zakat Agency (BAZNAS). This study aims to analyze the value of the contribution of zakat, infaq and alms funds by BAZNAS for humanitarian aid in Palestine. The sampling method used in this research is purposive sampling. Data is described using descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the value of the contribution to the distribution of ZIS funds for Palestinian humanitarian assistance carried out by BAZNAS in 2018-2021 is volatile. The largest distribution of zakat funds for Palestinian humanitarian aid occurred in 2018 which was 2,531,430,175.00. While the largest infaq and alms funds occurred in 2021, which amounted to 597,268,865.00. The factor that causes this fluctuation in the level of distribution is because the value of distributing Palestinian humanitarian aid depends on the pattern of cooperation built by BAZNAS with other humanitarian institutions.

Sustained Inhibition of Maize Seed-Borne Fusarium Using a Bacillus-Dominated Rhizospheric Stable Core Microbiota with Unique Cooperative Patterns.

Seed-borne pathogens can inhabit the rhizosphere and infect the plant after germination. The rhizosphere microbiome plays critical roles in defending against seed-borne pathogens. However, the assembly of a core rhizosphere microbiome to suppress seed-borne pathogens is unknown. Here, the root-associated microbiome is infested with seed-borne Fusarium in sterile environment, while the root-associated microbiome is not infested when it interacts with the native soil microbiome across maize cultivars, suggesting that a core rhizosphere microbiome assembles to suppress seed-borne Fusarium. Two strategies of progressive dilution and rhizodepositional attraction are applied to identify the core rhizobacteria. A synthetic microbiota (SynM) is constructed using the isolates of the core rhizobacteria and optimized according to superior community stability and Fusarium-suppression capability, which surpasses the single strain and randomly formed microbiota. The optimized SynM (OptSynM) presents a distinctive cooperative pattern in which a key strain harbors the Fusarium suppression function by synthesizing the antagonistic substance fengycin, while other members intensify the functional performance by promoting the growth and the expression of the antagonistic and plant-growth-promoting related genes of the key strain. This study demonstrates innovative approaches to construct stable and minimal microbiota for sustainable agriculture and proposes a unique cooperative pattern to sustain community stability and functionality.

Dynamics of peace or legacy of rebel governance? Patterns of cooperation between FARC-ex-combatants and conflict-affected communities in Colombia

ABSTRACT In the academic literature, it is widely accepted that one of the most difficult steps in a peace process is the reincorporation of former combatants. Colombia is a case in point. After the peace agreement with the former rebel group FARC-EP in 2016, the reintegration process of more than 13.000 ex-combatants has been marred with difficulties, be it half-hearted implementation of the stipulations of the accord from the side of the government or the re-armament of some dissident groups. However, the dynamics of the peace process differ considerably between the national and the local level, offering a wide range of pathways from even more violent confrontation up to successful reincorporation projects. In order to explain this variety, we integrate DDR and rebel governance studies and assume that socio-political orders need to be re-configurated when rebel groups have established strong forms of rebel governance, as was the case with the FARC-EP. We argue that patterns of interaction between local conflict-affected communities and ex-combatants are the key explanatory variables for the dynamics of peace processes at local level. We differentiate between clustered and entrenched post-war orders and demonstrate our argument with two case studies based on comprehensive field research.

Nitrifiers Cooperate to Produce Nitrous Oxide in Plateau Wetland Sediments.

The thawing of dormant plateau permafrost emits nitrous oxide (N2O) through wetlands; however, the N2O production mechanism in plateau wetlands is still unclear. Here, we used the 15N-18O double tracer technique and metagenomic sequencing to analyze the N2O production mechanism in the Yunnan-Kweichow and Qinghai-Tibet plateau wetlands during the summer of 2020. N2O production activity was detected in all 16 sediment samples (elevation 1020-4601 m: 2.55 ± 0.42-26.38 ± 3.25 ng N g-1 d-1) and was promoted by nitrifier denitrification (ND). The key functional genes of ND (amoA, hao, and nirK) belonged to complete ammonia oxidizing (comammox) bacteria, and the key ND species was the comammox bacterium Nitrospira nitrificans. We found that the comammox bacterial species N. nitrificans and the ammonia oxidizing bacterial (AOB) species Nitrosomonas europaea cooperate to produce N2O in the plateau wetland sediments. Furthermore, we inferred that environmental factors (elevation and total organic matter (TOM)) influence the cooperation pattern via N. nitrificans, thus affecting the N2O production activity in the plateau wetland sediments. Our findings advance the mechanistic understanding of nitrifiers in biogeochemical cycles and global climate change.

Together or apart? Explaining cooperation patterns across the post-communist organized interests

Interest groups constitute a specific civil society voice in democratic politics. They operate in a situation of constant friction between two main strategic goals: keeping the organization alive and exerting political influence. This article explores both topics, examining factors conditioning the group’s tendency to cooperate with others as well as the degree to which such cooperation facilitates access to policy-making apparatus, exploring the post-communist environment of four selected Central Eastern Europe (CEE) countries and three policy areas: energy, healthcare and higher education policy. The authors aim to apply and examine the interest groups’ cooperation patterns from the EU level to the CEE regional level. The article finds strong support for somewhat weak cooperation between interest groups in the region. However, even such moderate cooperation clearly affects the possibility of access to both the ruling parties and the parliaments. In particular, the cooperation of groups in the field of joint statements may turn out to be a form of remedy for the weaknesses of interest groups in the region.

Patterns of Cooperation in the European Defence Sector – A Network-Approach-Based Investigation of EU Projects

Abstract In this paper, we introduce research results from our network-approach-based investigation of the European Union defence cooperation projects. After brief remarks on the background, the research problem, the conceptual and methodological issues, we focus on the structure of the cooperation network and introduce the territorial, institutional, and (sub)regional patterns of partnerships. The data analyses illustrate that an integrated but fragmented cooperation network could be explored, and in several aspects remarkable differences can be measured on country-, regional, and sub-regional levels implying that territorial and institutional factors might have an important role in this specific area as well.

China’s Middle East Economic Diplomacy in the New Era

China’s economic diplomacy in the Middle East has entered a new stage in the New Era. With a proposal to build a new type of international relations and a community with a shared future for mankind, China is strengthening energy and infrastructure cooperation with the Middle East countries and expanding collaboration in finance, post-conflict reconstruction, and the health industry. Technological innovation and green development have become new impulses for improving cooperation, and a multilevel and multifaceted China-Middle East cooperation pattern has been forged. China adjusts its economic diplomacy in the Middle East in the New Era considering multi-dimensional factors: First, to respond to both sides’ new demands for economic development, seek solutions to the sluggish growth of its traditional economic cooperation pattern with the Middle East, and enhance high-quality cooperation; second, to promote a peaceful and stable regional environment and consolidate Middle East countries’ diplomatic support to China, serving China’s increasing security interest and need for political influence in the Middle East; and third, to improve Middle East countries’ willingness and capacities to deepen their engagements in global economic governance and jointly build an open world economy to respond to mutual demands for international economic institutional reform. China’s economic diplomacy would play an increasingly important role in the Middle East in the post-COVID period.