Monoethanolamine Oleate Research Articles

Efficacy of minocycline hydrochloride aspiration sclerotherapy with additional monoethanolamine oleate aspiration sclerotherapy for symptomatic hepatic cysts.

Minocycline hydrochloride (MINO) aspiration sclerotherapy (AS) has been widely used for treating hepatic cysts (HC). However, cyst recurrence remains problematic. Information on monoethanolamine oleate (EO) AS, another effective HC treatment, is currently limited. We investigated the efficacy of EO on ineffective MINO treatments, and the relationship between MINO AS and cyst fluid pH. A total of 22 cases with symptomatic HC underwent AS with 500mg of MINO from January 2016 to June 2021. Cyst fluid pH was measured before and after MINO injection. Cyst volume ratio (CVR, %) after 2weeks was calculated as follows:cyst volume 2weeks after MINO injection/pre-treatment cyst volume×100. Treatment was completed if CVR after 2weeks was ≤35% (MINO-group). For patients with CVR >35%, 2g of EO was added (MINO/EO-group). Cyst volume ratio was measured every 12months thereafter. There were no recurrence symptoms in any of the patients during follow-up. Of the 22 cases, 21 had CVR ≤20% after 12months. The MINO/EO-group (n=8) tended to have smaller CVRs after 12months than the MINO-group (n=14). Cyst volume ratio after 2weeks was correlated to pH change (p=0.012) and was larger in patients whose pH decreased by <1.5 (p=0.015). All adverse events were mild, including in elderly patients. Adding EO is an effective and safe treatment for symptomatic HC when MINO AS alone is insufficient. Patients with pH decreases of <1.5 should be considered for additional EO treatment.

SCLEROTHERAPY WITH 5% MONOETHANOLAMINE OLEATE AS A CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT FOR LIP VASCULAR MALFORMATION: CASE REPORT

A 38-year-old male patient reported for a routine dental evaluation. During the intraoral exam, a painless, soft, purple sessile lesion measuring 2 × 2 cm was observed on the right side of the lower lip, which was present for 5 years. The patient reported that it appeared after trauma due to a motorcycle accident. Vascular malformation was suggested as a clinical diagnosis, which was confirmed because the lesion was positive to diascopy. Due to the size and location of the lesion, treatment using 5% monoethanolamine oleate (MO) was proposed. The 3 sclerotherapy sessions, 1-week intervals, were performed with MO diluted in endovenous saline solution on 1:4 proportion with 2 mL injected at each session. The lesion responded very well to the treatment and by 1 week after the third session it was no longer visible. The patient is now under 6-month follow-up without recurrence.

SCLEROTHERAPY FOR EXTENSIVE VASCULAR MALFORMATION IN THE TONGUE: A REPORT OF TWO CASES

Vascular anomalies such as hemangioma, vascular malformations, and varix are common in the head and neck. Vascular malformations (VMs) are benign lesions of blood vessels originating from an error in vascular morphogenesis during the embryologic phase. Treatment depends on the location and extent of the lesion; sclerotherapy, surgical excision, and laser therapy are the most frequently performed. The objective of this work is to report 2 cases of extensive vascular malformation in the oral cavity treated with sclerotherapy. After diagnosis and shared decision making, the treatment consisted of 12 applications of monoethanolamine oleate (Ethamolin) in a 1:1 proportion with lidocaine anesthetic in the amount of 1.0 mL. Total regression of both lesions was achieved and the patients have been followed up with satisfactory results. This report shows that sclerotherapy is an effective and practical form of treatment for VMs, even in cases of extensive lesions.

SCLEROTHERAPY OF VASCULAR LESIONS IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL REGION—CASE SERIES

Sclerosing therapy of vascular lesions is widely used in the maxillofacial region, resulting in good esthetic and functional outcomes. Ethamolin, a sclerosing agent, can be applied pure or diluted in distilled water. When this therapeutic method is performed, signs and symptoms such as edema, erythema, and pain in the postoperative period can be observed. Five cases treated with monoethanolamine oleate diluted in anesthetic solution of lidocaine (1:1) will be described, including 4 male patients and 1 female patient (2 in the lower lip, 1 in the upper lip mucosa, 1 in the buccal mucosa, and 1 in the tongue). One of the patients used oral anticoagulants and had an extensive lesion on the tongue (approximately 3.5 cm). All patients reported minimal discomfort during intralesional injection. The sclerotherapy technique described above is a conservative therapeutic approach that reduced patient morbidity and postsurgical complications (scarring, hemorrhages, and paresthesia). Furthermore, it seems to reduce painful symptoms.

Evaluation of sclerotherapy with different dilutions of ethanolamine oleate in the treatment of oral varicose veins

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aim to evaluate the effectiveness of sclerotherapy protocols with different dilutions of ethanolamine oleate in the treatment of oral varicose veins. Methods: Clinical data and images of 14 cases treated with sclerotherapy were analyzed and descriptive analyses were performed. Results: Females (58%) and white skin color (83%) prevailed. Age varied between 14 and 79 years, with 47 years on mean (SD = 19 years). The most common anatomical locations were the buccal mucosa and lower lip. The final volume of the sclerosing agent (Ethamolin®) ranged from 0.4 to 4.3ml and the concentration ranged from 5% to 100%. The number of sessions ranged from 1 to 12 and the number of points per application was 1 to 7 points. Pain and edema were seen in 43% and 29% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: Sclerotherapy with monoethanolamine oleate diluted in anesthetic is a safe and effective option for the treatment of this lesion, regardless of concentration. However, edema and pain seem to be directly associated with increased drug concentration.

Escleroterapia de hemangioma intra-oral: série de casos

Hemangiomas são lesões benignas de origem vascular comuns na região da cabeça e pescoço, mas dificilmente surgem em cavidade bucal. O manejo e o conhecimento das técnicas diagnósticas são fundamentais para o diagnóstico diferencial. O oleato de monoetanolamina, como agente esclerosante, promove uma reação inflamatória levando a fibrose endotelial, sendo eficaz no tratamento de lesões vasculares benignas da cavidade bucal; além das reações adversas serem de baixa intensidade e pouco relatadas na literatura; mostrando-se uma alternativa ao tratamento cirúrgico. Este trabalho teve por proposito relatar uma série de casos de pacientes submetidos à escleroterapia e discutir os resultados do tratamento de lesões vasculares bucais benignas com oleato de monoetanolamina. Quatro pacientes compareceram no serviço de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial do Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz (CTBMF/HUOC/UPE) – Recife/PE com queixa de lesão oral. Após exame clínico detalhado e a utilização da vitropressão foram obtidos os diagnósticos de hemangiomas optando-se pelo tratamento à base de escleroterapia com oleato de monoetanolamina apresentando satisfatória resolução clínica. Nos casos aqui relatados, o agente esclerosante mostrou-se eficaz para o tratamento de hemangiomas em cavidade bucal.

SCLEROTHERAPY WITH 5% MONOETHANOLIN OLEATE IN ORAL VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS WITH AESTHETIC IMPLICATIONS

Objective: To describe the effect of sclerotherapy treatment in oral vascular malformations (OVMs) with aesthetic complaints. Study design: A retrospective, descriptive study of 6 years through analysis of medical records. Epidemiologic data, clinical aspects of OVMs before, during, and after sclerotherapy with 5% monoethanolamine oleate (MO) and diagnostic resources were collected. Results: There were 19 individuals with 21 low-flow OVMs treated with MO. All patients presented complaints of unsatisfactory aesthetic results at the first exam and only 2 (10.5%) presented with actual symptomatology. The female sex was the most prevalent (68%), with a mean age of 64 years. The lower lip (52.3%) was the most affected region. Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 6 (31.5%) individuals with vascular lesions greater than 5 mm. In most cases, 1 (38.1%) or 2 (38.1%) sclerotherapy sessions were sufficient for obtaining satisfactory results. All patients complained of local burning during the application of MO, however, during follow-up, they did not present any complaints of pain or aesthetic problems. Conclusion: It was possible to obtain satisfactory aesthetic results in low flow MVs with few sessions of sclerotherapy with 5% MO that can be well tolerated for the patients. Objective: To describe the effect of sclerotherapy treatment in oral vascular malformations (OVMs) with aesthetic complaints. Study design: A retrospective, descriptive study of 6 years through analysis of medical records. Epidemiologic data, clinical aspects of OVMs before, during, and after sclerotherapy with 5% monoethanolamine oleate (MO) and diagnostic resources were collected. Results: There were 19 individuals with 21 low-flow OVMs treated with MO. All patients presented complaints of unsatisfactory aesthetic results at the first exam and only 2 (10.5%) presented with actual symptomatology. The female sex was the most prevalent (68%), with a mean age of 64 years. The lower lip (52.3%) was the most affected region. Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 6 (31.5%) individuals with vascular lesions greater than 5 mm. In most cases, 1 (38.1%) or 2 (38.1%) sclerotherapy sessions were sufficient for obtaining satisfactory results. All patients complained of local burning during the application of MO, however, during follow-up, they did not present any complaints of pain or aesthetic problems. Conclusion: It was possible to obtain satisfactory aesthetic results in low flow MVs with few sessions of sclerotherapy with 5% MO that can be well tolerated for the patients.

ETHANOLAMINE OLEATE AS A PROPOSED TREATMENT FOR REGRESSION OF VASCULAR LESION IN THE LABIAL MUCOSA REGION: A CASE REPORT

Monoethanolamine oleate is a salt produced by the combination of oleic ethanolamine with consolidated hemostatic properties. The drug initially acts by irritation in the endothelial lining of the vessel, producing an inflammatory reaction and causing the fibrosis of the vessel wall and the obstruction of the blood vessels, being used for the treatment of sclerosis of vascular lesions in oral cavity. A 24-year-old leucoderm male patient attended at a clinical school of dentistry complaining of a purple spot on the lip. The oral examination revealed the presence of a papule with a smooth surface and a violet color on the lower lip; after vitropression the lesion disappeared completely. The diagnostic hypothesis was hemangioma, but the final diagnosis was varicosity, with no need to perform other complementary examinations. The proposed treatment was the use of sclerotherapy with intralesional injection of 5% monoethanolamine oleate. Monoethanolamine oleate is a salt produced by the combination of oleic ethanolamine with consolidated hemostatic properties. The drug initially acts by irritation in the endothelial lining of the vessel, producing an inflammatory reaction and causing the fibrosis of the vessel wall and the obstruction of the blood vessels, being used for the treatment of sclerosis of vascular lesions in oral cavity. A 24-year-old leucoderm male patient attended at a clinical school of dentistry complaining of a purple spot on the lip. The oral examination revealed the presence of a papule with a smooth surface and a violet color on the lower lip; after vitropression the lesion disappeared completely. The diagnostic hypothesis was hemangioma, but the final diagnosis was varicosity, with no need to perform other complementary examinations. The proposed treatment was the use of sclerotherapy with intralesional injection of 5% monoethanolamine oleate.

HEMANGIOLYMPHANGIOMA: A CASE REPORT

Hemangiolymphangiomas are uncommon developmental anomalies that may affect the mouth. The purpose of this study is to describe a case on the dorsum of the tongue with a 10-year follow-up in a 7-year-old girl. On intraoral examination the patient presented a single lesion measuring 1 × 3 × 0.5 cm with mixed, sessile, irregularly-shaped, and rough surface with vesicular appearance. An incisional biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis of hemangiolymphangioma was established. The patient was initially followed, and the lesion remained stable for 7 years. After this period, the patient began to complain about the aesthetic aspect of the tongue. Therefore, sclerotherapy was proposed with monoethanolamine oleate, obtaining important clinical reduction. As residual lesion was present, electrocautery surgery was proposed. Improvement was achieved, and the patient is satisfied with the result. There are few reports of hemangiolymphangiomas, and their treatment may be a challenge. However, sclerotherapy and surgery may be a good treatment option.

Tratamento de hemangioma em mucosa labial por escleroterapia – Relato de caso clínico

O hemangioma é uma lesão vascular, podendo representar-se como uma neoplasia benigna dos vasos sanguíneos, relativamente rara na cavidade oral, podendo causar prejuízo estético e funcional a depender da sua região. Sua localização mais frequente é o lábio superior, mas pode ocorrer em outras regiões, como língua, mucosa jugal e palato. O seu tratamento depende, principalmente, do correto diagnóstico da lesão, bem como da localização anatômica da mesma e pode ser realizado com esclerose química, crioterapia, laserterapia, excisão cirúrgica convencional, embolia arterial ou eletrocautério. O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar um caso clínico, de um paciente do gênero masculino, 63 anos de idade, apresentando hemangioma desde os 16 anos de idade, com recidiva há dez anos em lábio superior. Ao exame físico intrabucal observou-se uma lesão tumoral, de coloração arroxeada, base séssil, assintomática, com limites bem definidos, medindo aproximadamente 4 cm em seu maior diâmetro, localizada na mucosa labial superior. Foi realizada manobra de vitropressão que apresentou um esmaecimento da coloração arroxeada, permitindo diagnóstico clínico de hemangioma. O tratamento proposto foi a esclerose terapêutica com cinco aplicações de oleato de monoetanolamina 5%, considerando as características clínicas e os métodos de diagnóstico desta lesão. Por meio de um diagnóstico preciso e uma conduta terapêutica adequada, o caso apresenta-se com um acompanhamento de dois meses com significativa redução até o momento, e com um resultado estético funcional satisfatório. Conclui-se que a eficácia da escleroterapia realizada com o uso do oleato de monoetanolamina 5% é uma alternativa terapêutica segura.

Evaluation of sclerotherapy of benign oral vascular lesions with monoethanolamine oleate.

To investigate the efficacy of sclerotherapy with monoethanolamine oleate (MEO) in a series of cases of benign oral vascular lesions (BOVL). Clinical records and images were retrieved (2015-2019), and data regarding age, gender, location, size, symptomatology, treatment and outcomes of patients were collected. All patients were diagnosed according to the classification of International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies and received the same treatment protocol (MEO 0.05 g/mL). The collected data were submitted to descriptive analysis and Pearson's chi-square test (p ≤ 0.05). Thirty-seven patients were treated. Most were female (70.3%) aged 9 to 88 years (median, 57.5 ± 17.4 years). Lower lip (54.1%) was the most affected site followed by buccal mucosa (16.2%). Thirty-two lesions were asymptomatic and 35.1% showed ≤ 0.5 cm in size. In 48.6% of the patients, only one application of MEO was performed. Complete regression occurred in 62.2% of cases, whereas 27% showed partial regression. One patient showed hypersensitivity during treatment. There was no significant difference between clinical outcome and age, anatomic site, size, and number of applications of MEO. Sclerotherapy with MEO is an acceptable and affordable treatment and can provide satisfactory results in BOVL, especially where other treatment options could compromise the esthetic aspects. As it is a non-invasive therapy leading, in most cases, to adequate clinical results, safety, and tolerability, sclerotherapy with MEO can be considered an effective treatment for BOVL.

Sclerotherapy of Vascular Malformations in the Oral Cavity-Minimizing Postoperative Morbidity.

Vascular malformations (VMs) are a wide vascular or lymphatic group of lesions common on the head and neck. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and morbidity of sclerotherapy for the treatment of VMs in the oral and perioral area. Special attention was given to factors that may contribute to minimizing postoperative morbidity. Data from 25 patients (32 lesions) with oral VMs submitted to sclerotherapy with monoethanolamine oleate (EAO) were included. A structured form was used to collect data. An arbitrary score was determined to evaluate postoperative morbidity. Each of the following signs or symptoms received one point: pain, swelling, hematoma, ulceration, erythema, transient numbness, and transient itching. Pain and swelling were further divided into mild to moderate (1 point) and severe (2 points). Theoretically, the score was in the range of 0–9. Calculated scores ranged 0–4. The patients were further divided into two groups with scores of 0–1 denoting minimal morbidity (MIN) and 2–4 denoting significant morbidity (SIG). The number of lesions in each morbidity-score group were comparable (MIN 17and SIG 15). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups regarding age, number of applications, or average injection volume per mm lesion. Statistically significant differences were noted regarding gender (p = 0.05), lesion diameter (p = 0.030), total volume of first (p = 0.007) and second application (p = 0.05), and total injected volume (p = 0.03). Factors contributing to the risk for significant morbidity included being male, lesion diameter > 5 mm, volume > 0.3 mL per application, and total injected volume > 0.3 mL. A waiting time of 12 weeks prior to additional EAO application was required in 12 out of 29 lesions for clinical observation of complete regression. It was concluded that sclerotherapy with EAO as monotherapy is easy to apply, safe, and effective within a small number of sessions. Application of <0.3 mL EAO per session, and a waiting time of 12 weeks prior to the second application, would significantly minimize morbidity.

Monoethanolamine oleate sclerotherapy for the treatment of intraoral vascular anomalies: retrospective study and suggestion for a clinical guideline.

Vascular anomalies are common in the head and neck, and oral lesions are most commonly found on the lips, tongue, mucosa, and palate. Monoethanolamine oleate sclerotherapy (MOS) is an option for treatment, although we know of no established protocols yet. We report the prevalence and characteristics of intraoral vascular anomalies (IVA) and the results achieved with the use of 5% MOS, and suggest a clinical guideline. Data from the medical records of patients with IVA were collected (age, sex, ethnicity, site, size, duration, and treatment). Cases treated with MOS were detailed, and data about number of applications, interval between them, dose, adverse effects, and results were recorded. A total of 65 cases of IVA were found. White-skinned women aged from 61 to 70 years (n=21) were most likely to be affected, and the lower lip (n=25) was the most common site. Twenty-seven were treated with MOS using a mean of 1-2 applications with a seven-day interval. The mean dose applied was 0.3ml/section, which was diluted in local anaesthetic in 38 cases. Twenty-two resolved completely. In summary, we found a prevalence of 4.8% of IVA and European women aged 61 to 70 years were most affected. MOS 5% was effective and safe in the treatment of IVA more than 3cm in size, with minimal morbidity and adverse effects. We therefore suggest a sclerotherapy protocol of 0.3ml of the drug (undiluted with anaesthetic) for each 1cm lesion (maximum 3cm), with weekly revaluations and further applications when necessary within a 14-day period.

Sclerotherapy as an esthetic indication in oral vascular malformations: a case series

BackgroundThe use of monoethanolamine oleate 5% is effective for the treatment of vascular malformations with low blood flow. ObjectivesTo report a case series of vascular malformations in the mouth and oral cavity treated with monoethanolamine oleate 5%. MethodsA retrospective descriptive study was performed in electronic patient charts covering seven years. Patient demographics, diagnostic resources, lesion site, size, and number of applications of monoethanolamine oleate 5% were collected. ResultsA total of 21 vascular malformations were recorded, located mostly on the lower lip (52.3%) and resolved in a single application in 14 patients. The authors found 19 patients treated with sclerotherapy. Thirteen were women and six were men, with a mean age of 61 years. Study limitationSmall sample size. ConclusionsSclerotherapy is an effective treatment for vascular malformations of the lips and oral cavity, with resolution after only one or two applications (n=16).

Escleroterapia com oleato de monoetanolamina na abordagem de lesões vasculares da cavidade oral

Introdução: O oleato de monoetanolamina (Ethamolin®) é um derivado do ácido oleico com propriedades coagulativas, que de forma crescente vem sendo difundido para o tratamento da esclerose de lesões vasculares em cavidade oral. Este componente químico realiza coagulação local através da ativação do fator de coagulação XII, resultando em trombose do endotélio vascular seguida de fibrose da parede do vaso, reduzindo ou eliminando as lesões sem necessidade de uma abordagem cirúrgica invasiva. Detalhamento do caso: O presente estudo relata um caso clínico em paciente gênero masculino, quarenta e dois anos de idade, que procurou atendimento odontológico com queixa de veias que não somem. No exame intra oral foi observado lesão única, nodular, assintomática, de implantação séssil e coloração purpúreo-azulada em mucosa jugal, com hipótese diagnóstica de varicosidade. Discussão: A conduta terapêutica foi a escleroterapia química com Ethamolin com resultado satisfatório, havendo resolução parcial da lesão em apenas 20 dias. Através de um método não cirúrgico conseguiu-se alcançar a resolução parcial tendo uma recuperação estética do paciente. Destaca-se a utilidade da substância oleato de monoetanolamina (Ethamolin®) de forma positiva em numerosas aplicações na pratica médica e seu uso pouco conhecido no meio odontológico.

Use of 5% monoethanolamine oleate foam in oral varicose

ObjectiveOral varicose is an acquired change that occurs in the veins. Usually, small oral varicose require no treatment. Aesthetic site, trauma and bleeding risk of the lesion need of intervention. This technical note describes the treatment of oral varicose by sclerotherapy in form of foam. MethodThe 5% monoethanolamine oleate was used. The foam was produced with Tessari method, in which the proportion air:liquid sclerosing was 4:1. A single application of the 0.5 mL of foam was made under local anesthesia. ResultSigns and symptoms were minimal after the treatment. Clinical remission of the lesion was observed in two weeks. ConclusionThe 5% monoethanolamine oleate foam showed to be effective and safety for treatment this case of the oral varicose.

Sclerosing Therapy for Small Intraoral Hemangiomas with Monoethanolamine Oleate: Four Successful Cases

Monoethanolamine oleate (Ethamolin) is commonly used in medicine in sclerosing therapy for small varicose veins. The drug acts by irritating the intimal endothelium of the vein leading to a dose-dependent sterile inflammatory response, which results in fibrosis of vessel walls. Hemangiomas are benign vascular lesions that may appear at birth, in childhood, or in adult life, sometimes occurring in the oral cavity. Endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis are the histopathological features of these lesions. One of the possible treatments for hemangiomas is the intralesional application of sclerosing agents to induce fibrosis of the vessels and regression of the lesions. The goal of this study was to report 4 cases of intraoral hemangiomas that occurred at different locations and produced satisfactory results with the application of Ethamolin. The clinical features, treatment protocols, and follow-up of the cases are discussed.

Monoethanolamine Oleate Sclerotherapy for Polycystic Liver Disease

Objective: The objective of treatment for polycystic liver disease is to reduce the liver volume and reduce or resolve compression symptoms such as abdominal fullness and abdominal pain due to hepatomegaly. Liver cysts are treated internally by puncture and aspiration of the cyst contents or hepatic artery embolization and surgically by cyst fenestration or hepatectomy, but no clear consensus has been reached concerning their selection. We introduced monoethanolamine oleate (EO) sclerotherapy therapy for liver cysts in 1999 and reported its effectiveness. In this study, cases were added, and the results including those of long-term follow-up were evaluated. Subjects: Twenty-two patients (5 males and 17 females, mean age 65.2) who underwent EO infusion therapy for liver cysts between January 1999 and June 2011 were evaluated. Methods: Liver cysts were punctured under ultrasound guidance, and a 7Fr pigtail catheter was inserted. After aspirating the cyst contents, EO was infused, and a clamp was applied for 24 h. Then, the catheter was declamped, cyst contents were aspirated again, and the catheter was removed. After the treatment, the cyst size was measured, and the patients were followed up. Results: Eight simple cysts in 8 patients (simple cyst group) and 21 cysts in 14 patients with multiple cysts (polycystic liver disease group) were treated and followed up over a median of 78 months (0-203 months). The mean volume reduction rate was 99% in the simple cyst group and 91% in the polycystic liver disease group (p = 0.04). One procedural accident resulting in liver abscess formation was observed in 1 patient 1 week after discharge, and it required drain placement and antibiotic administration. While mild abdominal pain was observed in a few patients, it was resolved spontaneously under observation. Conclusion: EO infusion therapy achieves fairly high treatment response in the volume reduction (99%) and sustained shrinkage over long-term follow-up. Therefore, this is a breakthrough technique in the treatment of polycystic liver disease as well as simple cyst and should be a standard of care in the treatment of this disease.

A Clinical Study of the Sclerotherapy for Large Venous Malformations of the Pharyngolarynx with Airway Stenosis

We treated four cases of airway stenosis associated with large venous malformations of the pharyngolarynx. The patients ranged in age from 33 to 53 years, and consisted of one male and three females. The venous malformation was located in the posterior wall of the oropharynx in two cases, in the hypopharynx in. one case, and in the anterior wall of the oropharynx in one case. All the patients complained of shortness of breath upon adopting the supine position. The patients were tracheotomized under general anesthesia and treated by sclerotherapy under videolaryngoscopic guidance. We used absolute ethanol, polidocanol or monoethanolamine oleate, as appropriate, depending on the case. In regard to the efficacy of the sclerotherapy, the venous malformation disappeared in one case and reduced in size in the remaining three cases, and no severe adverse events were recognized in any of the cases. All the patients were discharged from the hospital within two weeks and did not need tracheostomy. Sclerotherapy umder videolaryngoscopic guidance is effective for the treatment of large venous malformations in the pharyngolarynx.

Treatment of oral hemangioma with sclerotherapy: case report

Hemangiomas are benign neoplasms that are common in the head and neck, but relatively rare in the oral cavity. They can cause esthetic and functional impairment, depending on location. The most common site is the upper lip, but they can occur in other areas, such as the tongue, buccal mucosa and palate. Treatment is primarily dependent on correct diagnosis of the lesion and on its anatomic location. The purpose of this article is to provide a description of a case of a hemangioma on the upper lip, treated by therapeutic sclerosis with monoethanolamine oleate (Ethamolin®), covering clinical characteristics and methods for diagnosing these lesions. Precise diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic management resulted in satisfactory esthetic and functional results, with total regression of the lesion and no signs of relapse at 1-year follow-up.