Sclerotherapy as an esthetic indication in oral vascular malformations: a case series

Brena Rodrigues Manzano,Aloizio Maciel Premoli,Natalia Garcia Santaella,Carla Renata Sanomiya Ikuta,Cássia Maria Fisher Rubira,Paulo Sérgio Da Silva Santos

doi:10.1016/j.abd.2019.09.010

Brena Rodrigues Manzano, Aloizio Maciel Premoli + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2019.09.010

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Abstract

BackgroundThe use of monoethanolamine oleate 5% is effective for the treatment of vascular malformations with low blood flow. ObjectivesTo report a case series of vascular malformations in the mouth and oral cavity treated with monoethanolamine oleate 5%. MethodsA retrospective descriptive study was performed in electronic patient charts covering seven years. Patient demographics, diagnostic resources, lesion site, size, and number of applications of monoethanolamine oleate 5% were collected. ResultsA total of 21 vascular malformations were recorded, located mostly on the lower lip (52.3%) and resolved in a single application in 14 patients. The authors found 19 patients treated with sclerotherapy. Thirteen were women and six were men, with a mean age of 61 years. Study limitationSmall sample size. ConclusionsSclerotherapy is an effective treatment for vascular malformations of the lips and oral cavity, with resolution after only one or two applications (n=16).

Highlights

Vascular malformations (VMs) are lesions of the vascular or lymphatic system that can affect any part of the body, but which are common on the head and neck region.[1]
This is a retrospective descriptive study based on collection of data from patients with oral VMs submitted to sclerotherapy with monoethanolamine oleate 5%
A search was conducted in the electronic patient file system, using the terms ‘‘vascular,’’ ‘‘vascular malformations,’’ and ‘‘vascular lesions,’’ from 2011 to 2017, resulting in 19 cases that were included in the current report

Summary

Introduction

Vascular malformations (VMs) are lesions of the vascular or lymphatic system that can affect any part of the body, but which are common on the head and neck region.[1] Due to discrepancies in the literature as to the correct nomenclature, in 1996 the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) classified vascular anomalies as vascular tumors (hemangiomas) and vascular malformations, based on the lesions’ biological and pathological characteristics.[2,3]. Vascular tumors develop through the vessels’ cell growth and proliferation. VMs are characterized as a defect in the vessels’ maturation and vascular morphogenesis, caused mainly by a dysfunction in the regulation of the pathways in embryogenesis and vasculogenesis.[3] VMs can be divided into low-flow and high-flow: low-flow VMs consist of a venous, capillary, or lymphatic component, while high-flow VMs consist of an arterial or arteriovenous component.[4]. The clinical manifestations consist of pain, ulcerations, bleeding, functional limitations, and esthetic alterations.[5,8,9] The etiology may involve trauma or pregnancy and other hormonal factors that can induce the lesions’ growth.[3]

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