Local Initiatives Research Articles

A landscape scale model to predict post-fire debris flow impact zones

Post-fire debris flows pose a significant hazard in mountainous regions, but accurate assessment of the associated risk at large scales, particularly in the context of mega-fires, is limited. Although numerous models exist, few are functional at the landscape scale, and none integrate assessments of downstream effects with the likelihood of flow initiation to define both the frequency and magnitude of potential flows. The aim of this work, therefore, was to develop a post-fire debris flow model that could characterise both the occurrence frequency and associated runout of debris flow events and which could be rapidly applied to fire events at the landscape scale. We achieve this using a model integration approach that included the development of a reduced-complexity debris flow runout model, which was calibrated and independently tested for its application at large scales with a dataset of 1377 individual post-fire flows across south-eastern Australia. This model was then integrated with previously published methods determining debris flow source areas and likelihood of initiation specific to our study area. The developed model is intentionally designed for rapid response hazard management. Therefore, it predominantly incorporates only the fundamental, lowest parameter form drivers of debris flow initiation and runout termination, thus minimising computational complexity while ensuring prediction accuracy sufficient for hazard assessment even at application scales as large as mega-fires. Accounting for debris flows initiated from single headwaters and cases where flows simultaneously converge from multiple initiation points, our integrated model effectively characterises debris flow hazard across a geomorphologically diverse landscape encompassing >200,000km2 (capturing ~640,000 potential debris flow initiation locations across Victoria, Australia). Model testing using an independent validation dataset resulted in debris flow runout predictions with root mean square error (RMSE) of 176 and 308 m for non-convergent and convergent flows respectively. Crucially, these predictions can be computed rapidly for large (up to landscape scale) fire events with minimal input requirements and the use of a remotely-sensed observation dataset for domain calibration. As such, the model provides a critical means of addressing the capacity gap in assessments of post-fire debris flow hazard by efficiently integrating measures of occurrence frequency and runout for functional application at large scales. This new work empowers land managers to rapidly predict the hazard arising from post-fire erosion processes and represents an important applied step towards better understanding and mitigating the impacts of wildfire-induced debris flows.

Disaster Management for Geopark-Based Tourism in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Yogyakarta in Indonesia is on the south flank of the Merapi Volcano and is bordered by the Southern Mountain, West Progo Mountain, and the Indian Ocean. Many geological and archaeological phenomena are found here, making geological and cultural diversity part of the wealth of Yogyakarta. One of these was Hindu-Buddhis temples developed during the 8th-10th century that were buried by volcanic materials dated between 1910 y BP and 2010 AD and resulted in cracks, wavy paleosols, liquefactions, and bumpy buildings. The catastrophe eruption of 4 VEI in October 2010 and the earthquake with 6,2R on May 27th, 2006, took thousands of lives. Apart from the disastrous effects, the natural disasters built unique geodiversity with education and utilization potentials. Using the values of education, conservation, early warning, utilization, uniqueness, and the improvements of the economic community developments, 15 geoheritages have been appointed, to be an Aspiring Jogja Geopark. This paper aimed to assess qualitatively and quantitatively whether the geological, biological, and cultural diversities can be prepared. The method used was questionnaires filled by visitors, local people, academicians, local tourist managers, small and medium enterprises (UMK), and micro small and medium enterprises (UMKM). The data was processed using RapidMiner software for clustering. The results discovered that people around the 15 destinations did not know about the Aspiring Jogja Geopark, but the academicians, local governments, POKDARWIS (local tourist managers), and the UMK and UMKM knew. Because of their limited knowledge, the local people were unaware of the park. However, they were surprised and enthusiastic about the geopark. Visitors very happy and proud of it. The community had been waiting for a geopark. It is a symbol of the unity of Yogyakarta’s people and the ruler, an embodiment of the slogan of “life in harmony with disasters”, and the optimisation of the geoheritage’s utilization to improve the local economy.
 Keywords: disaster management, geopark tourism, Yogyakarta

Abstract 1287: The ACCESS consortium: Advancing childhood cancer experience, science and survivorship in Canada

Abstract In Canada, >4,300 children, adolescents and young adults are diagnosed with cancer each year. 1/3 have refractory/metastatic disease or will relapse with an expected 5-year survival rate of <15%. The prognosis for most pediatric cancers has stagnated in the past 30 years and Canada trails the US and Europe in providing accessible clinical trials and improved outcomes. Advocacy for change by patients and families led to a federal government investment of $30M in pediatric cancer research. $23M was allocated to establishing a national pediatric cancer consortium. “ACCESS: advancing childhood cancer experience, science and survivorship” is the new multi-stakeholder network created with a vision that every Canadian child with cancer has access to the latest scientific advances, diagnostic tools, therapies and supportive care leading to better outcomes and quality of life. ACCESS will connect the Canadian pediatric cancer community, build partnerships, leverage research and clinical expertise across cancer types and ages, implement transformative change and create a unified national strategy. To date, >350 clinicians, researchers, policymakers, advocates, people with lived experience (PWLE; patients, families and survivors) and other stakeholders have been engaged, with a goal of representing Canada’s ethno-cultural, socioeconomic and geographic diversity. ACCESS is building partnerships between children, families, professionals, and existing programs to collaborate in coordinated research and knowledge mobilization. The goal is to implement transformative change in the delivery of fair, fast, effective and safe cancer care for all Canadian children. ACCESS has developed a statement of its values that includes patient/survivor and family centred; collaborative; anti-oppressive; innovation and excellence; accountable. Uniquely, ACCESS is an interdisciplinary and inclusive organization that directly engages and collaborates with PWLE at all levels of research and governance. ACCESS is organized into 7 themes that will address gaps, advance research and educate through all phases of the pediatric cancer journey: cancer biology; clinical trials; access to innovative therapies and optimal care; regulation, policy and economics; education and training; ethical, legal, societal implications and implementation science; and psychosocial and survivorship. In addition, there are two cross cutting groups focusing on Knowledge mobilization and Social justice, Indigenization and Inclusion. Collaborations with local, provincial, national and international initiatives are being established through the development of a partnership strategy. Cross-consortium priorities are being implemented, and a data management strategy is in development. The publication of a strategic and sustainability plan for ACCESS is anticipated in 2024. Citation Format: Christine J. Williams, Stephanie A. Grover, Adrienne Co-Dyre, David Malkin, James A. Whitlock, on behalf of the ACCESS consortium. The ACCESS consortium: Advancing childhood cancer experience, science and survivorship in Canada [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1287.

Incorporating surface roughness into numerical modeling for predicting fatigue properties of L-PBF AlSi10Mg specimens

Laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is a popular additive manufacturing method for fabricating metal parts with complex geometries. However, one of the primary setbacks lies in the surface quality of the as-built components. Poor surface quality influences the dynamic fatigue properties of L-PBF parts. Experimental investigation of fatigue properties is time-intensive and expensive. Hence, computational modeling can be implemented to critically evaluate the impact of surface roughness on fatigue. In this work, a numerical modeling framework is developed that considers the influence of part-scale surface roughness on fatigue properties. To calibrate and validate the numerical modeling framework, mechanical investigations of miniature AlSi10Mg specimens are conducted in a custom-built tensile-fatigue testing apparatus. First, the tensile properties are evaluated to find out the reliability of the apparatus. Thereafter, the fatigue investigations of two sets of specimens are conducted: five specimens (FS1-FS5) for calibrating the numerical model and three specimens (VFS1-VFS3) for model validation. The numerical modeling framework involves the 3D reconstructed specimen geometries from computed tomography (CT) imaging of the VFS1-VFS3 specimens. The resultant 3D geometries are discretized using Ansys finite element software and analyzed to simulate the fatigue behavior. The numerical results of fatigue life and failure locations of the VFS1-VFS3 specimens are compared with the experimental observations. The comparison shows that the numerical results are within 5 % of the experimental observations. Additionally, the location of maximum strain localization in numerical modeling matches the crack initiation location. In conclusion, the numerical modeling can predict low cycle fatigue life and failure location of L-PBF AM specimens.

Effects of the circumferential casing groove configuration on aerothermal performance of a transonic turbine stage

In order to control tip leakage flow and improve the tip aerothermal performance, a circumferential casing groove (CG) configuration is proposed. Taking the typical transonic turbine stage TTM (Thermal Turbomachinery and Machine Dynamics) as the research object, the effects of CG with different heights (b), initial locations (IL) and widths (w) on the aerodynamic loss of the turbine stage and heat transfer characteristics of the tip region are investigated numerically. Results indicate that due to the introduction of CG, the vortex system topology in the tip region changes remarkably. Tip leakage vortex (TLV) is separated into two parts, with TLV-1 being entrained and dissipated by upper passage vortex (UPV) and TLV-2 rebuilding behind the groove and extending to the trailing edge. The interaction between TLV and UPV changes with the development of both. Also, complicated flow-thermal interplays lead to the change of thermal load in the tip region, which attributes to the difference of local turbulence mixing intensity. More quantitatively, a CG with the groove of b = 3.0 g, IL = 0.20 Cax and w = 0.05 Cax can increase ηTS by 0.38%, and reduce the area-averaged heat transfer coefficient (HTC) by 5.28% and 1.49% for the tip and casing surface, respectively, with a slight increase of area-averaged HTC on the blade by 0.29%. Overall, CG with appropriate geometrical parameters can improve aerothermal performance of the turbine tip significantly, without any serious increase of thermal load on the blade.

Fostering entrepreneurship and development in rural mountainous regions: the role of SEZs and local economic dynamics in Gilgit-Baltistan

PurposeThis study aims to examine the perceptions and opinions of relevant stakeholders regarding entrepreneurship opportunities and growth in the Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) province of Pakistan. Specifically, it focuses on the role of special economic zones (SEZs), such as Maqpondass SEZ and the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), in fostering nascent entrepreneurship (NE) and promoting regional development.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs ordered logistic regression to estimate the relationship between various independent variables and nascent entrepreneurship (NE). The independent variables include awareness of CPEC (AAC), awareness of Maqpondass SEZ (AAMEZ), SEZ incentives (SEZInc), regional market competitiveness (RMC), loan availability (LA) and education and experience (EE).FindingsThe findings indicate a robust positive relationship between SEZ-based industries and the growth of local small businesses and enterprises in Gilgit-Baltistan. Furthermore, the study suggests that government incentives, access to finance, skill development, relevant knowledge, and connections with local businesses facilitate the establishment of new ventures.Practical implicationsThe study underscores the importance of focusing on human capital development, providing financial assistance, and creating incentives for adopting advanced technology to foster the growth of local businesses in Gilgit-Baltistan through SEZs. It emphasizes the need for policymakers and stakeholders to prioritize initiatives that support entrepreneurship and innovation in the region.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing literature by providing novel insights into the perceptions of entrepreneurship development in Gilgit-Baltistan, particularly concerning the influence of natural resources and SEZs. It fills a gap in the research by offering valuable implications for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners seeking to promote sustainable economic development in the region.

Contribution of community monitoring to knowledge of mammal diversity in voluntarily conservation areas in Southern Mexico

In southern Mexico, Voluntarily Designated Conservation Areas (VCA) represent a biological conservation strategy wherein governance and management are entrusted to the territory. Within the VCAs of the La Chinantla region in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, community monitoring utilizing camera traps has been conducted with the assistance of government programs. This initiative has yielded a substantial number of records for medium and large mammals. Nevertheless, the available information has not undergone systematic analysis, constraining its utility in strategic planning and the evaluation of biodiversity conservation endeavors. This study seeks to highlight the impact of community monitoring in 18 VCAs on understanding the altitudinal distribution of mammal diversity in La Chinantla. The analysis incorporates data from a community monitoring covering 129 camera trap stations (4,384 camera days) strategically positioned along an elevation gradient ranging from 50 to 2000 m above sea level, over the period 2011–2014. We assessed alpha and beta diversity, as well as the community structure of medium and large mammals within three distinct elevation zones. A total of 26 species of medium-sized mammals were documented, revealing distinct mammal assemblages in each zone. However, 15 species were common across all zones. We found that the highest species richness was observed below 400 m, where tropical rainforest vegetation predominates. We also found that the species turnover component had a significant impact on the total beta value. Despite the considerable involvement of local residents in the monitoring program and their acquisition of social, technical, and ecological knowledge, there is still a need to strengthen their capabilities to enhance community monitoring. Finally, fostering collaboration between local communities, academic institutions, and governmental initiatives is essential for the successful conservation of mammals in La Chinanlta.

Sodium Intake and Sodium to Potassium Ratio among New York City Adults in the 2018 Heart Follow-Up Study

BackgroundHigh sodium and low potassium intake are positively associated with blood pressure, a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The mean intake of sodium among United States adults exceeds the chronic disease risk reduction level of 2300 mg/d, whereas potassium intake remains lower than the recommended levels. From 2008 through 2019, there were several local and national initiatives to reduce sodium in New York City (NYC). ObjectivesWe aimed to update and compare estimates of sodium intake among NYC adults overall and by covariates from the 2010 Heart Follow-Up Study (HFUS) with the 2018 HFUS. We also estimated the 2018 sodium-to-potassium ratio to understand overall diet quality among demographic groups. MethodsThis cross-sectional study used sodium and potassium measurements from 24-h urine collection and self-reported data from 2509 and 1656 participants in the 2018 and 2010 HFUS, respectively. The weighted mean daily intake of sodium and the sodium-to-potassium ratio were estimated. T-tests and multivariable linear regression models with tests for interactions were used to compare changes in sodium intake. ResultsThe mean sodium intake of adult New Yorkers in 2018 was 3292 mg/d. Sodium intake did not change from 2010 (3234 mg/d, P = 0.45) to 2018 in the overall population, although there was a decrease in sodium intake among adults 18–24 y old (3445 mg/d to 2957 mg/d, P = 0.05). The daily mean sodium-to-potassium ratio was 1.7 mg/mg. The highest sodium-to-potassium ratios were among Black females 18–44 y old (2.0) and 45–64 y old (2.2) and Black (2.1) and Latino (2.1) males between 18 and 44 y old. ConclusionsThe lack of population-level changes in sodium intake and the high sodium-to-potassium ratios among Black females and younger Black and Latino males suggest that further efforts to reduce sodium in the food supply and address persistent inequities are needed.

Research on influence mechanism of prefabricated hole on life extension of compressor impeller

The life of compressor impeller is very short under extreme working conditions, so it is necessary to explore the life extension method and mechanism. Since the crack initiation location cannot be accurately predicted in advance, the hole drilling strategy of prefabricated hole will determine the remaining life of impeller after cracks appear. This article presents a strategy of prefabricated hole to extend the fatigue crack propagation life (FCPL) of compressor impeller. The stress distribution of impeller during operation is simulated by finite element method, and the crack initiation location is determined. The Forman-Newman-de Koning model is used to investigate the effects of hole drilling strategy and rotational speed on FCPL, and the three-dimensional crack propagation process is simulated. In addition, this paper investigates the main phenomena and influencing mechanism for the extension of FCPL due to prefabricated hole. It is found that the prefabricated hole can attract the crack propagation path, and make the crack pass through the hole more easily. At this time, the crack propagation driving force will decrease sharply, and the crack propagation rate will decrease accordingly, thus extends the FCPL. Even if it cannot pass through the hole, the optimal hole drilling strategy can extend life by 104.23%. The life extension effect of prefabricated hole increases with the increase of speed. The design in this paper can reduce the economic cost to a great extent, and provides a new idea for the life extension problem of complex models.

An Oxide Growth-Coupled Viscoplasticity Model and Its Application to Interfacial Stress Analysis near an Air Hole within a Thermal Barrier Coating

Strength assessment for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) is vital in the safety design of hot-section components in engines. However, several crucial factors, including thermally grown oxide (TGO) growth and creep–plasticity interaction, have been less considered in thermo-mechanical analyses for TBCs near air holes. In this study, a unified viscoplastic constitutive model incorporating TGO growth is developed and integrated into a finite element framework. The model considers multiple factors, including TGO growth, creep–plasticity interaction, interface undulation, and temperature gradient. Additionally, an analytical solution for the non-uniform temperature field of a TBC is derived. The model is then applied to calculate interfacial stresses and accumulated strain energies in the TBC near an air hole, which promote interface debonding. The obtained results can be utilized to investigate the mechanisms of hole edge delamination in TBCs, considering the combined effects of multiple complex factors. A competition for the potential failure initiation location is revealed between the first oxide layer and the evolving TGO/bond coat interface. The developed viscoplasticity model demonstrates effective capability in modelling a range of dynamic behaviors that collectively contribute to hole edge delamination failure.

“County residents take the fight”

Celebrations of local volunteering as a way to cope with cutbacks are frequent. Not least are such celebrations apparent within the media, where descriptions of local initiatives are sometimes seen as the solutions to downward spiralling trends in Swedish rural areas. The paper explores the media production of meaning around rural resilience as they covered initiatives where rural populations mobilised to ‘save’ threatened local service for their supposed public interest. Using the concepts of ‘patchy resilience’ and ‘cruel optimism’, the paper points at how the representations attach rural areas and identities to a stereotypical rural imagery while also representing a resilience ideal that risks glorifying neoliberal responsibilisation.

Online and Ex Situ Damage Characterization Techniques for Fiber-Reinforced Composites under Ultrasonic Cyclic Three-Point Bending.

With ultrasonic fatigue testing (UFT), it is possible to investigate the damage initiation and accumulation from the weakest link of the composite material in the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime in a shorter time frame than conventional fatigue testing. However, the thermal influence on the mechanical fatigue of composites and the scatter in fatigue data for composites under ultrasonic cyclic three-point bending loading still need to be investigated. In this study, we conducted interrupted constant-amplitude fatigue experiments on a carbon-fiber satin-fabric reinforced in poly-ether-ketone-ketone (CF-PEKK) composite material. These experiments were carried out using a UFT system, which operates at a cyclic frequency of 20 kHz with a pulse-pause sequence. Various parameters, such as the CF-PEKK specimen's surface temperature, acoustic activity, and the ultrasonic generator's input resonance parameters, were measured during cyclic loading. During experiment interruption, stiffness measurement and volumetric damage characterization in the CF-PEKK specimens using 3D X-ray microscopy (XRM) were performed. The locations of damage initiation and accumulation and their influence on the changes in in situ parameters were characterized. Under fixed loading conditions, damage accumulation occurred at different locations, leading to scattering in fatigue life data. Further, the damage population decreased from the surface to the bulk of the composite material.

In-situ analysis of SCC initiation on Alloy 600 surface in primary water environment using digital image correlation with electron backscatter diffraction

This study examined the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) phenomenon of Alloy 600 in a high-temperature primary water environment. The investigation involved the observation of local plastic deformation and SCC initiation on the specimen surface using an observation apparatus, comprising a laser confocal microscope (LCM) and an autoclave equipped with a diamond window view-port. Prior to conducting the SCC initiation test, the crystalline structure of the specimen, including grain boundary (GB) characteristics, Schmid factor, and trace inclination angle, underwent examination using an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. The local strain distribution was subsequently analyzed using a digital image correlation (DIC) method, employing LCM images obtained during the SCC experiments. The ex-situ EBSD analysis indicated that SCC mainly initiated at random high-angle grain boundaries (HAGB) with trace inclination angles close to 90° relative to the tensile axis. DIC analysis further revealed that most GBs in the vicinity of the highly strained area cracked among random HAGBs with a high trace inclination angle to the tensile axis. This confirms that the local strain gradient at GBs plays an important role in SCC initiation, serving as a more suitable indicator of an additional stress component to effective normal stress acting on GBs compared to the Schmid factor mismatch.

Research on the Performance Management of Carbon Reduction by Local Governments from a Game Perspective—The Case of the Zhejiang Power Restriction Incident

The implementation of low-carbon development and carbon reduction has become an issue of general concern. When local governments adopt carbon reduction measures, they inevitably have a negative impact on the economic development of enterprises and the daily lives of residents. However, the resolution of conflicts of interest between local governments, enterprises, and residents will have a direct impact on the motivation and effectiveness of local governments in implementing carbon reduction measures. This study takes China as an example, conducts a case review of the actual situation of the Zhejiang power restriction incident, and studies and constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model based on the local government, enterprises, and residents. By exploring the factors that influence the behavioral strategies of each stakeholder, this study finds the equilibrium conditions that the tripartite governance target model must satisfy. It is suggested that interactive feedback from enterprises and residents should be incorporated into the performance management of local governments and that performance assessment should be used to establish an effective responsibility and pressure transmission mechanism to help the government’s internal control to better implement carbon reduction policies.

Risk Factors for Developing Metachronous Superficial Gastric Epithelial Neoplasms after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection.

Background: Although endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) provides a high rate of curative resection, the remaining gastric mucosa after ESD is at risk for metachronous superficial gastric epithelial neoplasms (MSGENs). It leaves room for risk factors for developing MSGENs after ESD. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological risk factors for the occurrence of MSGENs, and to evaluate the association of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) with the MSGENs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including 369 patients with 382 lesions that underwent ESD for adenoma/early gastric cancer. Results: Twenty-seven MSGENs occurred. The subjects were divided into MSGEN and not-MSGEN groups. There was a significantly higher frequency of histological intestinal metaplasia (HIM) and initial neoplasm location in the upper or middle parts (INUM) in the MSGEN group. The HIM and INUM groups had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of MSGENs. We compared 27 patients from the MSGEN group and 27 patients from the not-MSGEN group that were matched to the MSGEN group for variables including HIM and INUM. There was a significantly higher frequency of the spontaneous disappearance of H. pylori in the MSGEN group. Conclusions: HIM, INUM, and the spontaneous disappearance of H. pylori may be clinicopathological risk factors for developing MSGENs after ESD.

Towards a territorialisation of the circular economy: the proximity of stakeholders and resources matters

Abstract This article explores the territorialisation of the circular economy (CE) and analyses how the geographical and organised proximities of stakeholders facilitate the mobilisation of local resources for CE projects. It focuses on two local CE initiatives in Quebec (Canada) and France, for which 70 semi-structured interviews were conducted. The results highlight the importance of tangible and intangible territorial resources and demonstrate that geographical and organised proximities are crucial to the success of these initiatives. The relational dynamic between local players, stimulated by a sense of belonging and shared values, encourages commitment to CE. Thus, our study showcases the territorialisation of CE and emphasises the conditions enabling such activities to take root locally. This study has significant political implications and suggests the crucial role that local authorities must play in the deployment of CE projects.

Support vector regression-assisted finite element method for mode I-II fatigue crack growth path prediction

Most of failures in mechanical components in engineering are caused by fatigue crack growth (FCG), especially mode I-II cracks. Accurately and fast predict of crack growth paths of mode I-II in structures is important in academic research and engineering applications. Finite element method (FEM) simulation of FCG can be accurately performed for engineering applications. However, the commercial FEM simulation software, e.g., ABAQUS combined with FRANC3D is generally time-consuming. Therefore, an accurately and fast mode I-II crack growth path prediction method is developed by support vector regression (SVR)-assisted FEM analysis. Firstly, the initial location data of FCG path and stress intensity factor (SIFs) are collected by FEM simulations. The SVR model is trained using initial location data and the corresponding FCG path will be predicted for several growth steps. Secondly, the predicted crack results are input into the FEM simulation model to obtain the several other growth steps. Finally, the two procedures are repeat alternately to obtain the full FCG path. The numerical case is given to validate the performance of the present method using the double-hole plates with mode I-II crack growths. Comparisons show that the performance of the present method are superior to those of FEM simulation and SVR alone.

The study of customer engagement of local sustainable fashion brands on Instagram content

The local enterprise aims to ensure long-term business continuity while enhancing brand awareness of regional businesses. Businesses use social media to boost customer engagement and local enterprise items that are ecologically friendly. This study intends to examine how local businesses' Instagram accounts for Local Sustainable Fashion Brands (LSFB) are used by their customers. This qualitative study examines brand engagement tactics used by LSFB and Instagram posts made by its followers. Content analysis is used in the analytical approach. In this study, the LFSB setting demonstrates how small business operators in the fashion industry have grown their enterprises. Social media usage to foster customer involvement is examined because it may assess the target market's brand recognition among a deluge of imported goods or worldwide brands.

Creating a Catalog of UMKM Setu Babakan Products for the Development of Betawi Culture to International Markets

Betawi culture is a culture that is passed down through generations in Betawi society and is mostly prevalent in the capital city of Jakarta. One of the cultural products that still exist today are produced by the local Small and Medium Enterprise (SME). These products can be promoted through the medium of photography. However, in fact, these local SME products do not have the proper documentation that represents the culture. This research aims to display local SME product in Setu Babakan Betawi village in a visually attractive and informative way. So that, more people will know about the existence of these local SME products in Betawi Cultural village. The catalog will be made not only as media documentation but also as a branding medium to promote in the commercial or industrial sector. The catalog will be in the form of that contains complete list of the products sold and offered and display photos showing the product details. The catalog will be either in the form of print or digital so it could be seen by domestic or foreign tourists. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative analysis; data were gathered through observation as well as interview with the SME owner regarding the products sold by them.
 Keywords: Betawi Culture, SME, catalogs, product branding, tourists

STUDY OF THE PROCESS OF EXTRACTION OF ISOSALIPURPOSIDE FROM THE FLOWERS OF HELICHRYSUM MARACANDICUM (HELICHRYSUM MARACANDICUM POPOV EX KIRP.)

The purpose of this research is to study the process of extraction of isosalipurposide, and on the basis of the data obtained, the development of an optimal technology for obtaining a dry extract from the flowers of Helichrysum maracandicum (Helichrysum maracandicum Popov ex Kirp.).
 In the studies, the circulation extraction method, which is widely used in local pharmaceutical enterprises, was used. Based on the characteristics of the technology for obtaining a dry extract, a four-factor experimental plan based on a 5x5 Greek-Latin square was used to study the extraction process of the target BAS. Four quantitative factors were chosen as variables: the degree of grinding of the raw material (factor A), the concentration of ethyl alcohol (factor B), the hydromodulus (factor C) and the soaking time of the raw material (factor D). The output parameter was the percentage of the sum of flavonoids in terms of isosalipurposide in the resulting product.
 The results of dispersion analysis showed that the most complete yield of isosalipurposide was observed with the following indicators of variable factors: raw material grinding – 5–7 mm, extractant – 50% ethyl alcohol, hydromodulus 1 : 5, raw material soaking time – 9 hours. The expediency of using a short-term (10 min) ultrasonic treatment, which allows to increase the yield of the target BAS by 1.12 times, has been proved. The developed technology for obtaining a dry extract has been tested in industrial conditions. The resulting extract of Helichrysum maracandicum flowers in terms of quality met the requirements of pharmacopoeial articles: "Extracts" (SP XIV, GPM.1.4.1.21), "Extracts" (European Pharmacopoeia, 9th edition).
 Dry extract of Helichrysum maracandicum is recommended for use as a substance for the production of medicines and dietary supplements.