Kyrgyz Literature Research Articles

«КЕП МАДАНИЯТЫ», «ОКУУЧУЛАРДЫН КЕП МАДАНИЯТЫ» ТҮШҮНҮКТӨРҮНҮН НЕГИЗГИ ПАРАДИГМАЛАРЫ

The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of teaching Kyrgyz language and Kyrgyz literature - the problem of speech culture. At present the oral and written speech skills of schoolchildren do not meet the requirements, the main reasons for this are related to the fact that teachers do not know the concepts of "Speech Culture" and "Speech Culture of Students". In the article the given concepts and terms are analyzed from philosophical, psychological and pedagogical aspects and the essence of the problem is revealed on the basis of the works of linguists such as Akishina А. A, Golovin B.N., Goldin V.E., Ladyzhenskaya T.A, Davletov S., Musaev S.J.and so on. Speech culture is the construction of oral and written speech using linguistic means, the creation of text, it is through this speech that people communicate with other people, and later with society as a whole. To do this, in a modern school, one of the main requirements is to increase the linguistic and communicative competence of students. Speech culture is a phenomenon related to the age characteristics of the speaker or writer, psychology, the situation at the moment, the perception and understanding of the topic by students, the vocabulary they can use, themselves and the style of the text. The student's speech culture will directly depend on his perception of the world, his emotional feelings, his aesthetic tastes, and this is exactly what happens at the stage of active acceptance in grades 5-8, when we perceive him as an object. The student should not only understand the work being studied from Kyrgyz literature, receive education from it, but also on the basis of this work perceive in his world the richness of his native language, new words, expressions, means of artistic speech, develop a culture of speech and writing. The article is intended for school teachers, teachers of higher educational institutions, masters.

КЫТАЙ КЫРГЫЗ АКЫНДАРЫНЫН АЛГАЧКЫ ЫРЛАР ЖЫЙНАГЫ

The actuality of the article differs from the fact that it focuses on the creative workshop of 22 poets-writers included in the collection of poems "Kerme Too", which gave a message of Chinese Kyrgyz literature in Kyrgyzstan in the 60s, and reviews their issues, ideological- artistic features, and thematic directions in a consistent and chronological direction. The said collection was prepared for publication in the city of Urumqi by the Xinjiang People's Press in 1962 on behalf of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous District Branch of the Jungo Writers' Society. Before the establishment of the "Shinjan People's Press" in the late 1950s, local Kyrgyz published in Uyghur and Kazakh languages, and only in the early 1960s when publishing houses in their native language were established, it was first recognized by readers as a collection of poems, and during the 1960s, it informed the poetry of Kyrgyz literature. For the purpose of the study, we will focus on the life and creative pursuits of 22 poets and writers, observe the different characteristics of each of them, the artistic values that attract the readers in the lines corresponding to the poem, the shortcomings and successes encountered, and we will talk about the representatives who first contributed to Kyrgyz poetry as a collection. As a methodological guide, the creative ways of poets-writers, their poems of different content, and theoretical works were included in the collection of poems "Kerme Too". For this purpose, the results of the review will provide literary researchers in Kyrgyzstan with consistent information about the period of Kyrgyz literature in China in the 60s, including the period when poetry was first formed.

НОВЫЙ ГЕРОЙ В КЫРГЫЗСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ (ПО РОМАНУ К. ДЖУСУБАЛИЕВА «ХОЛОДНЫЕ СТЕНЫ»)

K. Dzhusubaliev's novel "Cold Walls" (1969) is a pioneering work in Kyrgyz literature, employing the “stream of consciousness” technique and introducing a new type of hero. This article examines Arykov's character and the artistic methods used to reveal his inner world. The author creates a multilayered psychological portrait of a hero living in his memories and reflections, representing a departure from traditional Kyrgyz literary characters. “Cold Walls” significantly influenced the development of Kyrgyz literature by showcasing the potential of modernist techniques and profound psychologism, opening new avenues for portraying the human inner world.

Innovative Basics of Studying Fables in Kyrgyz Literature Lessons

An analysis of scientific and methodological works on teaching fables in secondary schools showed that the problem of studying the fable genre within the discipline “Kyrgyz literature” on a competency-based basis in accordance with the requirements of the national education system of Kyrgyzstan remains a subject of debate. The solution to the above situation determined the problematic nature of our research. It has not been possible to note any fundamental changes in the methodology of teaching primary schoolchildren to read fables in recent years: in the educational process in primary grades, the possibilities of fables as a genre of didactic literature are traditionally and still mainly used. The purpose of this study is to show some innovative methods of studying fables in school during Kyrgyz literature lessons. The work shows the modern goals of studying fables on the basis of competences in the named subject and reveals the effectiveness of the illustrated methods of studying fables in primary school on a competence basis. Currently, special attention is paid to raising an educated, moral student based on person-centered education. Studying fables at school has great educational value. Fables contain rich material that, through the power of artistic language, can influence the emotional sphere of a child and instill in him high moral qualities.

On the Issue of Integration Education Kyrgyz Language and Kyrgyz Literature

The article describes the most fruitful culturally oriented integration techniques in the practice of teaching Kyrgyz literature and the Kyrgyz language. The importance of subject-integrated learning lies in improving the quality of education and students’ interest in learning. The areas of cultural and creative activity in language universities of Kyrgyzstan are considered. The significance of this study lies in the need for an integrated approach to explaining the practice of teaching and learning the Kyrgyz language. In teaching the Kyrgyz language, as in the modern context of globalization, the technology of integrated teaching of the Kyrgyz language and literature comes to the fore). This technology contributes to the formation of a holistic worldview. The authors of this work found that many topics in Kyrgyz literature correspond to the topics of the Kyrgyz language discipline and can be integrated. The importance of subject-integrated learning lies in improving the quality of education and students' interest in learning. Thanks to modern teaching methods, it can be concluded that teaching the Kyrgyz language in integration with literature will allow students to discover and understand the Kyrgyz culture.

CHINGHIZ AITMATOV’S WORKS PUBLICATION DURING THE INDEPENDENCE YEARS

Chingiz Aytmatov, Mukan Elebayev, Coomart Bokonbayev, Cusup Turusbayev, Raykan Shukurbayev, Gasimeli Jontashev, Jalil Sadigov and other artists gave their benefit to the modern Kyrgyz literature and it has entered a new stage of its development. Thus, one of the representatives of 20th century Kyrgyz literature is Chingiz Aitmatov. The main aim of the arricle is to explore Chingiz Aitmatov’s works during the independence year. People's writer of Kyrgyzstan Chingiz Aitmatov is one of the most powerful wordsmiths of the modern world. He was a man of ideas who was able to raise an ordinary life event to a global level and look at it from a high point of view. He saw and showed the philosophy and essence of the events he described, not himself. In his works, the most ordinary issue is shown as a universal issue. That's why he received interest not only in his country, but all over the world. Although he wrote most of his works in Russian, all his characters are Kyrgyz from head to toe. Because in his works, universal problems are generalized through Kyrgyz life and Kyrgyz nature. Additionally, the article is based on the translation and publication in Azerbaijan of the works of Chingiz Aitmatov, a prominent representative of Kyrgyz literature. The publication of the writer's works has been highlighted especially during the years of independence in our country. The comparative analysis method had been used in the writing of the article. Importance of the application: It can be used in courses and seminars in higher education institutions. Keywords: Kyrgyz literature, writer, translation, Chingiz Aytmatov, publication, novel, short story

Improving the Creative Activity of Students Through Teaching Folk Tales in the 5th Grade in the Subject Kyrgyz Literature

Improving the Creative Activity of Students Through Teaching Folk Tales in the 5th Grade in the Subject Kyrgyz Literature

METHODS OF EDUCATION OF STUDENTS' SPEECH CULTURE

The article presents ideas about teaching methods, ideas, recommendations on the methodology for the development of written and oral speech of students in the Kyrgyz literature lesson. In our proposed school, exams on methods of adapting students to speech and writing activities were conducted in experimental classes. Using the example of Kyrgyz literature lessons in grades 5-8, the principles and means of applying the methods are described. Currently, there is a need to actively use our state language, especially office work, but there is reason to believe that some representatives of our nation do not speak the Kyrgyz language well, are able to make sentences and write competently. One of the reasons for illiteracy in the field of speech culture and writing is that a child from an early age in the family, kindergarten, school, secondary and higher educational institutions receives little influence on the rich language of folk tales, songs, dastans, including the national epic “Manas".

Features of Oxymorons in the Art World of Ashim Dzhakypbekov

An article analyzes the actual problems of language profiling, which is currently one of the most important studies of both the Kyrgyz language and Kyrgyz literature. The role of language, which is the main medium of communication, reviving artistic work, creating imagery, beauty, and expressiveness of speech, has been determined. It has been noted that it is poets and writers who use language in different ways to create a stylistic effect, and the main task of linguistics is to learn the language and style of writers. The most important object of research in linguistics is oxymoron. The article conducts a scientific and theoretical analysis of oxymoron. Oxymoron is regarded as a syntactic technique, formed based on an unusual combination of opposing concepts, as a peculiar figure of speech, created by a combination of words with opposite meanings. It is noted that now the oxymoron is used as a language norm in colloquial speech, journalism, in artistic works, that a person’s worldview, his ability to think, and imagination are expressed through speech activity with the help of language. As the examples show, on the one hand, if the oxymoron as the object of study is not subjected to extensive research, it is impossible to determine the nature and detail of speech. On the other hand, the author’s personal style, originality, and writing character are fully disclosed only when a high level of stylistic analysis of the work is carried out. In the example of the works of Ashim Dzhakypbekov, linguistic data on the internal structure of texts and themes of oxymorons are given. The oxymorons in the artistic world of the greatest master of the word, creatively using the wealth of the Kyrgyz language, have been deeply analyzed. The specificity of oxymorons in the work of Ashim Dzhakypbekov is considered together with the plot of the works. Text materials have been analyzed to determine the vocabulary richness of the Kyrgyz language, the importance and possibilities of linguistic means of expressiveness, the comprehensiveness of perception of reality with the help of expressions consisting of two contradictory words or phrases, and their impact on perception.

КЫРГЫЗ ЭЛИНИН YРП-АДАТТАРЫНЫН АДАБИЙ ЧЫГАРМАЛАРДА ЧАГЫЛДЫРЫЛЫШЫ ЖАНА УЧУРДАГЫ РОЛУ

The article discusses the issues of representation of Kyrgyz customs in literary works and their modern significance. The customs of the people have existed for a long time since the birth of each nation, were formed due to a certain ethnic environment and historical conditions, have relative stability only within each nation, group and nation living there and are constantly moving from one society to another. the other, with the help of the force of public opinion, is realized and supported. The customs have undergone some changes over time, and most of them still perform their function and live among the people. In particular, we are witnesses to the fact that the traditions of lullabies, weddings, blessings and consecrations are not in the form in which they are currently reflected in folk art and literary works, but have undergone significant changes. Customs have undergone some changes over time, moreover, customs and traditions are widely represented in Kyrgyz literature, and the article proves that they represent a social rule that has been continuously passed down from generation to generation as a heritage and has been preserved for a long time. The content of the article ended with the remark that in modern times, excessive use of traditions does not benefit our people.

КЫРГЫЗ АДАБИЯТЫ САБАГЫНДА ОКУУЧУЛАРДЫ ШЫКТАНДЫРУУНУН ЫКМАЛАРЫ ЖАНА АҢГЕМЕРЛЕРДИ ОКУТУУДА ЭТНОПЕДАГОГИКАНЫН ЭЛЕМЕНТТЕРИН ПАЙДАЛАНУУ

The article shows several ways to inspire students in a Kyrgyz literature lesson, and what the teacher’s activities should be. Getting students interested in a lesson is not a difficult task. The main problem is insufficient knowledge of methods and technologies for active student participation in the classroom or the inability to implement them. First of all, it is necessary to have information about the methods that interest students. Then, through experience, the deficiencies are made up for. It was noted what should be relied on when encouraging students to study. Our folk pedagogy is a rich heritage, an inexhaustible treasure left by our ancestors, who absorbed, so to speak, the sourdough of Kyrgyz history and culture, spanning dozens of centuries. The more we hold them sacred, appreciate them and learn to study them, the more they reveal their amazing secrets to us. Therefore, it was proposed to use elements of ethnopedagogy in the Kyrgyz literature lesson. The article can be used by teachers, parents and students.

ЖЕНСКИЕ ОБРАЗЫ В РУССКОЙ И КЫРГЫЗСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ

Beautiful female images of Russian and Kyrgyz literature created by poets and writers find a response in the hearts of readers. Yaroslavna from "the Words of Igor's regiment" and kanykeyi from the heroic epic «Manas», Anna Karenina by L. Tolstoy and Adjar K. Bayalinova, Natasha Rostova L. Tolstoy and Jamila CH. Aitmatov. Female images of Russian and Kyrgyz literature created by talented artists in different eras. All of them are deeply individual, each of them is endowed only with its inherent character traits, but they are United by one thing – high spirituality and moral purity. They show different female traits in different social situations in different eras and are a symbol of each era.

“МАНАС” ЭПОСУНДАГЫ ЭЛДИК САТИРАНЫН КӨРКӨМ ФУНКЦИЯСЫ

When we carefully look at the path of growth and development of Kyrgyz literature, the main ideological and aesthetic trends, an endless and large-scale creative world is drawn before our eyes. Of course, every nation has its own spiritual manifestation. The pure spring flowing from that spring becomes a huge river, which gradually increases in size and rages. Today's Kyrgyz national literature seems to us to be a creative environment. Folk art, the poetry of singers, living in constant movement spontaneously, whose waves smashed mountains, are full of noble thought, wonderful words, songs accompanied by (“Manas”), caustic, flooding cheeks with laughter, is considered a treasure of jokes. Each of them was acquired in its own way by Kyrgyz scientists in special collective studies, but it is still clear that it is impossible to completely solve the above issues within the framework of one dissertation research or textbook.

Ways to Develop Translation Activity in Kyrgyz Literature

This work talks about the importance of translation activities in Kyrgyzstan and the beneficial role of literary translations from Russian in the enrichment of Kyrgyz literature. They were and remain the first universities for Kyrgyz writers, the fulcrum that made it possible to reach the heights of mastery and expand their creative range, enrich your native language. The role of translation in Kyrgyzstan is growing every year, which requires a more specialized approach to the training of interpreters and translators. Translation is necessary not only in the field of oral communication and literature, but also in education, economic development and international relations. Kyrgyzstan is no exception, and thanks to translation at the beginning of the last century, the Kyrgyz people became recognizable. Through artistic and historical works, and then Kyrgyz literature was enriched with world-famous classical works translated from other languages.

Artistic Reality in the Dramas of Sultan Raev

The article analyzes the plays of a major representative of Kyrgyz literature, playwright, public figure Sultan Raev from the point of view of artistic reality. In origin, each piece of art is an entire structure with a fully completed head and legs. There should also be a succession network. Considering that the largest type of epic genre is drama, which is in historical and evolutionary development, the most prone to transformation and modification in accordance with the requirements of time, time, epoch, the drama of the countries of Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Kyrgyzstan with new authors, new themes is filled and promotes common values not only of the Turkic people, but also of a human being, thereby the author raises topical issues. Sultan Rayev’s drama “The Long Way to Mecca” touched upon such complex issues as human purification, self-knowledge, finding your way in life, responding to what you have done, liberation from sin, and the magical connection between man and God. In the dramas “Tears of the Queen” and “The Crown», where the symbols of the absurd and the genre prevail, the historical theme is touched upon. Three dramatic works by the author were taken as research materials: “Tears of the Queen”, “The Crown” and “The Long Way to Mecca”. Hermeneutical, comparative typological, and semiotic methods were used in the analysis of these works. In the course of the study, we identified similarities and differences in comparing the author's plays, and also identified the semiotic aspect of the drama based on the analysis of characteristic features: takara, sand, black stone, crown, tumar.

On Some Principles of Translating the Poetry by A. S. Pushkin in Kyrgyz Literature

The article deals with the development of the practice of Kyrgyz translation of the works of the great Russian poet A. S. Pushkin. The problem of intercultural interaction between different peoples is one of the most pressing today. Studying the reception of creativity by A. S. Pushkin in Kyrgyz culture helps to strengthen ties between the Russian and Kyrgyz peoples and allows us to identify the main difficulties that Kyrgyz translators face when turning to the artistic heritage of the Russian poet. Considering the importance for Kyrgyz culture, the question of the position and role of Russian classical poetry, Kyrgyz translation studies have always attracted special attention to translations of the works of Russian poets, and especially the poetry of Pushkin. The study is devoted to the problem of translating the poetic works of A. S. Pushkin into Kyrgyz language. The specificity of literary translation from Russian into Kyrgyz is revealed.

ОБРАЗ ЖЕНЩИНЫ В НЕКОТОРЫХ РАССКАЗАХ ТОПЧУГУЛ ШАЙДУЛЛАЕВОЙ

The theme of women occupies a special place in the life of Kyrgyz people, and the holy and good relations of Kyrgyz people towards women have been reflected in all genres of Kyrgyz literature. However, with the passage of time and today's capitalist era, attitudes towards women have moved away from our traditional culture. He got mixed up with Western culture. It is recorded in the works of poets-writers of the society. For that reason, among the interesting stories today, the work of T. Shaidullaeva was taken as the object of research.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРИНЦИПЫ МЕТОДИКИ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ В ВУЗАХ

Through spiritual values, the lesson of Kyrgyz literature educates patriots who, first of all, love their country and are ready to do anything for it, and has a great influence on the education of respectful and humane individuals. The article is about defining the methodology for teaching literature, its goals and objectives, basic principles, features of teaching different genres of literature, the use of modern technologies in teaching, assessing and monitoring knowledge in literature lessons. The article examines the role of innovative technologies in teaching literature lessons. The role of analysis of fiction by students is revealed, which enriches the worldview, critical thinking, logical thinking and speech of students.

КЫРГЫЗ АДАБИЯТЫНЫН ПРОЗА ЖАНРЫНДАГЫ ЭПИСТОЛЯРДЫК ФОРМА

This article analyzes the features of the use of the epistolary form in the prose genre of Kyrgyz literature. The reason is that the epistolary form, which has been widely studied in the framework of world and Russian literature, has not yet received its development, the genre nature of which has been clarified and has embarked on the path of comprehensive development. In fact, the epistolary form performs a number of tasks of the prose direction of literary creativity, develops the plot of a work of art, reveals the images of characters, and performs specific tasks in regulating compositional construction. On the other hand, the epistolary form used in the work is closely related to its ideological and thematic core. Thirdly, the letters used in the work give the impression of the era being described, and with the help of the letter the author can solve many important problems. In terms of genre, the epistolary form in Kyrgyz literature is widely used in stories, novels, novels, in the fantasy genre and in parables.

THE SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT “FAMILY” IN KYRGYZ CULTURE

This scientific article is devoted to study and reveal semantic field of the concept family and family value” based on Kyrgyz culture. We have proved that the concept family is one of the most common not only in Kyrgyz literature but also in world classics, among them in English literature. The methods as linguacultural analysis method, semantic analysis method, and continuous sampling method (with dictionaries) were done in the research. The methods examined the origins of the semantics and semantic field, as well as the scientists who were engaged in its promotion, looked at the meanings of the lexical-semantic field presented in various sources, and finally studied its methods. The lexical-semantic system of language originates in antiquity, during the development of philosophical teachings. Linguacultural analyses include the differences and similarities from the ancient time and the modern life.