IT Project Management Research Articles

Infrastructure Elements for Smart Campuses: A Bibliometric Analysis

Sustainable development can be attained at a microlevel and having smart campuses around the world presents an opportunity to achieve city-wide smartness. In the process of attaining smartness on campuses, the elements requiring attention must be investigated. There are many publications on smart campuses, and this investigation used the bibliometric analysis method to identify such publications produced over the last decade. A matrix of 578 nodes and 3217 edges was developed from 285 publications on smart campus construction and procurement. Fifteen cluster themes were produced from the bibliometric analysis. The findings revealed that China contributed 48.4% of all published articles on the smart campus. The findings presented a framework from the cluster themes under the four broad infrastructure areas of building construction or repurposing, technology and IT network, continuous improvement, and smart learning and teaching management. The implications of the findings identified that IT project management, traditional procurement strategy, and standard forms of contracts such as the New Engineering Contract (NEC) and the Joint Contract Tribunal (JCT) are applicable in the procurement of smart cities.

Sustainable Risk Management in IT Enterprises

A synthesis of literature studies covering the determinants of agile project management methods, risk management processes as well as factors influencing the shaping of project success and failure clearly indicates that in most publications on risk in agile managed projects, the human factor is heavily underestimated at the expense of often excessive favoring of procedures. Meanwhile, after analyzing the risk factors that arise in agile-managed IT projects, it became apparent that in addition to aspects such as technology, hardware, system, or even project schedule and cost, the project team is highlighted, which is also the second concept with the GPM P5 Standard for Sustainability in Project Management. Thus, the purpose of this article is to develop a model for risk management in IT projects. As a result of the empirical research carried out by means of an expert interview (108 experts) and a questionnaire survey (123 respondents), a risk management model was developed and six original risk management areas were identified, describing 73.92% of all risk factors that may occur during the implementation of an IT project. Furthermore, empirical studies confirm that basic processes such as risk factor identification, impact assessment, and key risk factor management are used by managers and/or team leaders during the implementation of IT projects.

Building Knowledge To Advance (IT) Project Management Practices – A Critical Reflection of Theory in Practice

This paper introduces process theory in the context of IT project management and proposes its fundamental value for advancing scholarly and managerial understanding in this domain. In particular, issues of practice and normativity are discussed as potential sources of challenges from an epistemic and empirical context.

Agile Enhancement of Critical PMBoK v6 Processes

This article examines PMBOK version six applicability in agile IT projects. Based on existing scientific research about troubling compatibility of PMBOK processes and agile frameworks, enhancements of five critical project processes are postulated. These process enhancements often focus on time-limited disruptions of agile actions and a separation of macro- and micro-management between agile developments and project management practices. To verify the effectiveness of such enhancement approaches, a quantitative survey explores the applicability and current state of usage. Results show that most proposed solutions are currently not widely used in IT project management although practitioners have evaluated them as useful. However, participants tend to increase the use when understanding more about the solutions. In combination with the discovered positive rating of the effectiveness of enhancement approaches, it can be summarized that the improvement approaches are a well-perceived step towards the enhancement of PMBOK processes in agile developed IT projects.

Devising a technology for managing outsourcing IT-projects with the application of fuzzy logic

An outsourcing IT project management model has been developed. The proposed model features taking into account the specifics of project management processes at outsourcing IT companies in terms of the uncertainty of the external and internal environment of their operation. The model is based on the stage-gate project management framework with fuzzy logic tools. The proposed modification of the fuzzy inference mechanism makes it possible to refuse to save the intermediate results which reduce the load on the database and create the possibility of using semantic networks. The technology of expert consultations was demonstrated by the example of decision-making regarding the assessment of the current status of the IT projects accepted by the outsourcing company for development. Dynamic nature and cyclical management of the portfolio of IT projects involves constant monitoring of the results of implementation with an appropriate regular portfolio reforming. The model was developed to improve the efficiency of the software development sub-process and minimize the negative consequences of financial dependence on the customer. The application software developed on the basis of the model of management of outsourcing IT projects and modification of the fuzzy inference mechanism has found practical application and was implemented in the computational practice of HYS Enterprise B.V. outsourcing IT company. Testing of the program shell has shown positive results in the course of solving the tasks peculiar to concrete stages of IT project management. The proposed structure and composition of the fuzzy knowledgebase of the expert shell are quite typical in terms of IT outsourcing problems. It is expedient to use the developed model at outsourcing IT companies in the process of project portfolio management

THE CONCEPT OF CREATING A MINIMUM VIABLE PRODUCT AND DESIGN-THINKING IN THE IT-PROJECT TEAM MANAGEMENT

The IT industry, like any other, has its own specifics. There are developed and tested methods for creating and managing IT projects at all levels of formalization from waterfall to flexible. However, the processes of forming and managing the team of any IT project remain poorly structured and uncertain. Modern life is constantly changing the attitude of customers and users of a project's product to project management methodologies. The criteria for assessing the success of a project are steadily shifting towards ensuring the satisfaction of its main stakeholders. To do this, develop new, or use previously unused means. Among them are the technology of design thinking and the concept of creating a minimum viable product (MVP). These tools began to be used in project management processes with the aim of maximizing stakeholder satisfaction. The paper analyzes the technology of using design thinking and shows the feasibility of its use as an element of the IT project management methodology, which applies client-oriented and value-oriented management approaches. However, at this stage, the technology of design thinking is more developed in a psychological and communicative context. Therefore, the use of the algorithm for creating the MVP will allow formalizing the stages of design thinking when creating an IT project product, and the MVP itself will be used as the current version of the IT project product, unlike the existing IT project management tools, it will exist almost from the very start of the IT project. It is clear that the proposed tools will be applied in practice by the IT project team, which usually suffers from "sudden deadlines", constant temporary overloads in the implementation of an IT project. Therefore, it is important to develop mechanisms for the formation, management and training of an IT project team based on design thinking with a minimum viable product as the basis for development.

Success Factors in Sustainable Management of IT Service Projects: Exploratory Factor Analysis

Management of successful IT projects in a sustainable manner is influenced by numerous factors. Organizational awareness of the necessity of engaging all project stakeholders is an important issue that helps in meeting project sustainable development goals. While there are many studies on the success factors of IT software projects, there is still little coherent research on the success factors of IT service projects. The purpose of this article is to contribute in filling this gap by attempting to identify success factors of the IT services project involving both traditional and agile approaches and considering sustainable development, specifically in terms of the stakeholders’ role in project management. We conducted questionnaire-based research involving 155 IT service project managers. The results of the study were subjected to exploratory factor analysis. As a result, we presented and thoroughly formally examined the factorial model of success components in the IT service industry. We distinguished four factors: (1) agile techniques and change management, (2) organization and people, (3) stakeholders and risk analysis, and (4) work environment. The results were compared with analogous studies found in the literature. The research showed that both traditional and agile management approaches coexist, meet sustainable development goals, and are significant for the successful management in IT service projects where all stakeholders play an important role.

An architecture as a code framework to manage documentation of IT projects

Purpose In the present article, the authors tackle the problem of IT documentation, which plays an important role in information technology (IT) project management. Design/methodology/approach They provide a simple tool based on five complementary views, which should be detailed by the project team using a classic source code management platform. Findings The proposed tool is open source and may be reused by any IT team in various project contexts and heterogeneous development methods. Originality/value This research provides an operational framework, which facilitates IT project management and documentation. The framework is open source and may be easily downloaded by any other IT team.

Uso de indicadores de sustentabilidade na gestão de projetos de tecnologia da informação

Objetivo – O objetivo deste estudo é compreender a relação entre indicadores de sustentabilidade e projetos do segmento de Tecnologia da Informação.Metodologia - A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória com abordagem qualitativa realizada por meio de um estudo de caso múltiplo realizado em prestadores de serviços da área de Tecnologia da Informação.Resultados – A pesquisa concluiu que as organizações não possuem a aplicação de indicadores de sustentabilidade em nível organizacional na gestão de projetos de Tecnologia da Informação, porém, nenhum dos casos abordados apresenta a presença de indicadores específicos para projetos de Tecnologia da Informação. Assim, a utilização de indicadores de sustentabilidade está sujeita à natureza envolvida no projeto de tecnologia da informação.Limitações/implicações da pesquisa - O estudo se limita à identificação de indicadores de sustentabilidade em empresas de tecnologia da informação.Originalidade - Embora pesquisas apontem para a eficácia da utilização de indicadores de sustentabilidade em projetos, ainda existe uma lacuna para a realização de novos estudos em projetos de tecnologia da informação, com o objetivo de aumentar seu desempenho econômico.

Analyse, Enhance and Reiterate Risk management strategies, implemented in Information Technology Project Management, amidst COVID-19

The global perspective of human life drastically changed after the spread of COVID-19. The world reduced itself, to a digital cocoon. Education, work, commerce, shopping, industry, sales - all walks of life, transformed mostly into a digital mode. The IT (Information Technology) and ITES (IT Enabled services) saw a tremendous transformation in the operational aspects. ‘WFH (Work from Home)’ enabled the resources to work from their preferred locations. These factors increased the risk of data management and data security. The security of the network and the personal devices used to handle the sensitive and confidential data aggregated the risk factors in project management. The significant challenges faced by the IT sector project management were (1)Global Travel restrictions (2) Forecast of Global Recession in near future and resultant minimization of budget allocated to new projects (3)Negative growth Impact from multiple domains, resulting in reduction of new projects and reducing the scope for existing ones (4)Initial adaptation glitches due to the quantum leap in the digital channels (5)Manage constant fluctuating attitudes and anxieties of employees on personal aspects, job security, drastic change in work environment(6) Unprecedented and unpredictable exorbitant influence of macro environment in the routine enterprise activities. The chances of non-availability of critical resource due to health issues, the network issues faced in the remote locations, the unpredictable exposure of data - all these were contributing elements that increased the risk management complexity. In future, many IT companies have decided to operate mainly in the WFH mode as the operational expenses are drastically reduced. The implementation of efficient and effective risk management strategies become crucial considering the long-term implementation of ‘not from office’ operating model. The trust of the multinational clients, commitment of meeting the deadlines, maintaining the confidentiality and sensitivity of data, protecting the unintended intrusion from the digital malicious practices - all are the additional significant risks and challenges, as the probability for the occurrence of these events have increased exponentially due to the latest work arrangements. This paper attempts to evaluate the current risk mitigation strategies and analyse the gaps in the current system. The aim is to effectively manage the upcoming threats and risks in the long-term implementation of the current working (WFH) scenarios. The overall objective of the paper is to (1) analyse the present-day risks (2) evaluate the contemporary ideas that could be modified into solid framework for better risk mitigation strategies in long-term (3) what to anticipate in the future risk analysis and management processes related to IT Project Management.

Sustainable Approach in IT Project Management—Methodology Choice vs. Client Satisfaction

Major elaborations on sustainable development relating to the general economic sphere of various issue-related areas. Surprisingly little explicit guidance presenting this topic from the organizational side exists. To fill this gap, this paper attempts to propose and verify the concept of a sustainable approach to IT project management by involving the client at the stage of choosing the project management methodology. The research scope constitute IT projects, the subject of which was the development of software commissioned by the organization. The study aims to assess how the internal perspective of sustainability in IT projects, manifested in the matching of IT project management methodology to the client, affects the overall client’s satisfaction with the IT project, its products, and results. In the study, 64 IT projects implemented in Polish SME organizations were analyzed throughout their life cycle. The study has proved that introducing and improving the internal perspective of sustainability in IT projects, by matching an IT project management methodology to the client type is one of the key factors determining the level of client satisfaction and thus the assessment of the project’s success. The evaluation was made using the Servperv method by developing a measurement instrument dedicated to the IT project management area. Researches can use the proposed approach and the Servperv measuring tool to carry out similar analyses with different sample groups across other countries. The software industry can find results valuable and useful with regard to the IT project management improvement.

Biuro zarządzania projektami IT jako element wspierający wdrożenia w Logistyce 4.0

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie procesu wdrożenia biura zarządzania projektami IT w dużych przedsiębiorstwach posiadających funkcje logistyczne, opisanie sytuacji przed wdrożeniem i po wdrożeniu, zidentyfikowanie dobrych praktyk dla menedżerów oraz wyznaczenie kierunków przyszłych badań. Badanie studium przypadku zostało przeprowadzone w dwóch przedsiębiorstwach funkcjonujących w Polsce centralnej. Procedura zbierania danych obejmowała: obserwację uczestniczącą, wywiad nieustrukturyzowany oraz analizę dokumentów. Pierwsze przedsiębiorstwo wdrożyło biuro zarządzania projektami IT jako narzędzie niezbędne do usprawnienia funkcjonowania istniejącego systemu ERP oraz w drugim etapie jako wsparcie migracji do nowego, bardziej zaawansowanego systemu ERP. Drugie przedsiębiorstwo rozpoczęło definiowanie oraz wdrażanie biura zarządzania projektami IT jako środka do zarządzania koegzystencją dwóch systemów zarządzania gospodarką magazynową. Dwa systemy magazynowe powinny zostać w dłuższym okresie porównane w zakresie elastyczności oraz czasu odpowiedzi na dynamiczne zmiany zachodzące w środowisku retail. Artykuł przedstawia wyniki pochodzące jedynie z badań przeprowadzonych w dwóch przedsiębiorstwach i prezentowane rezultaty nie powinny być traktowane jako reprezentatywne dla wszystkich dużych przedsiębiorstw realizujących procesy logistyczne. W celu dokonania uogólnienia rezultatów dla przedsiębiorstw w Polsce wymagane jest przeprowadzenie kolejnych badań. Artykuł wzmacnia połączenie między praktyką a literaturą naukową przez dostarczenie empirycznych dowodów funkcjonowania biura zarządzania projektami IT w przedsiębiorstwach deklarujących potrzebę rozwoju funkcji logistycznych, identyfikuje dobre praktyki dotyczące zarządzania zmianami funkcjonalności oraz projektami IT oraz wskazuje zagadnienia, które mogą stanowić podstawę do dalszych badań.

Сучасні технології управління аутсорс ІТ-проєктами

The article is aimed at analyzing modern approaches to management of IT projects and revealing the possibilities for their improvement based on the use of fuzzy logic in the overall decision-making circuit. Based on the analysis of the main rating sites, a conclusion has been made about the powerful development of IT outsourcing in Ukraine. The main international and domestic ratings regarding the Ukrainian IT outsourcing market are analyzed, criteria of success and reasons for rapid development are allocated. Upon analyzing a sufficient number of works and materials, the authors generalized, synthesized and classified the main difficulties that arise in the process of developing a portfolio of IT projects in terms of outsourcing companies. The most common instruments used to overcome these difficulties are analyzed. Focus is set on the Stage-Gate framework as the most appropriate for both adaptation and use in the process of managing the portfolio of outsourcing IT projects. A modification of Stage-Gate framework is proposed, which takes into account peculiarities of managing outsourcing IT projects and uses a fuzzy logic apparatus for decision-making when navigating between stages of the framework. The purpose of the modification is the possibility to create on its basis an expert system to support decision-making in the process of managing the portfolio of projects. This, in turn, leads to an overall increase in the level of project portfolio management. Prospects for further research are the introduction of the expert system into the practice of work of domestic IT outsourcing firms. The parallel direction consists in analyzing the international IT outsourcing market. This will help to increase the efficiency of the proposed modification and provide favorable conditions for the integration of the Ukrainian IT outsourcing market into the international practices.

Usvajanje agilne metodologije za poboljšanje performansi IT projekta

Most of the IT organizations are facing various challenges such as technological advancement, new customer requirements, merger & acquisition, and changing market demands, which should be addressed to survive in the industry. For enhancing more value to the customer in the project, the best option is to choose Agile Methodology for managing the project, which helps to accommodate the ad-hoc business requirement than pre-planned. Though, most of the organization, especially in the IT industry is shifting to Agile methodology practice, which helps to enjoy the benefit of better collaboration and customer experience. The study was conducted among 404 IT professionals from the IT corridors of India to understand the influence of Agile methodology on IT project performance. Most responses received from people who have sound experience in IT project management which assures the quality of results obtained. From study, it has been found that Agile methodology (b= 0.630, p<0.00) has a significant and positive impact on the project performance. Also, the study proves that people who are working in Scrum framework (Agile methodology) improves the project quality as well as business value. Based on Stepwise regression results, Product ownership has higher degree of importance than other independent variable for the individual work performance which solidifies the requirement for software development. Multicollinearity Assessment shows Product Ownership and Development Practice have more impact on project performance than Team considered for the study. Previous studies didn't cover the aspect as well as areas proposed in this study to arrive the conclusion of Scrum framework for project performance, and it opens the pathway for future research work.

Управління розробкою проєктів продуктових ІТ-компаній на платформах імітаційного моделювання

The article is aimed at disclosing the possibilities of using the simulation modeling apparatus in the management of the development of projects of product IT companies. Based on the analysis of a number of literary sources, an overview of research in the field of IT project management is carried out and the existing status of application of the simulation instrumentarium in the solution of applied tasks is described. The compliance of simulation technologies with the special requirements of the tasks inherent in the processes of software products development is substantiated. According to the life cycle of software creation, a brief characterization of the typical stages of project promotion is provided. A simulation model is proposed that reproduces the dynamics of the deployment of product projects of IT companies. The model is built using a hybrid approach – a combination of discrete-event and agent-based methodologies – on the software platform for multi-platform simulation AnyLogic. The discrete-event approach provides a high degree of detail of the processes being modeled. The agent-based approach allows to define the project as a dynamic unit with specific properties, which makes it possible to take into account the peculiarities of products ordered by consumers – clients of an IT firm. The model’s work is demonstrated by the results of standard and optimization simulation experiments implemented on conditional data of an average product IT company. These situations prove the possibility of using the model as a platform for making managerial decisions by the head of the product project development team. The model is presented as a simulator with the modular, open architecture and parametric adjustment for specific conditions of experiments. It may be recommended for product IT companies to practice management of the projects of software development.

Analysis of Critical Success Factors for Projects in Information Technology Sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The purpose and objective of this research are to analyze project success factors in the Information technology sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods that were used during the research were conditioned by the problematics that are the subject of the research. The conducted research of critical success factors is quantitative. The research construct of project success influenced by critical success factors is tested. Necessary information about critical success factors was gathered using a questionnaire. During the results analysis phase for reliability and validity testing Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used, and for hypothesis testing the Structural equation modeling. Results of the research showed that the critical factors for IT project success in Bosnia and Herzegovina are competent project managers, technical background, project team, organizational support, and stakeholders. This research represents the first analysis of critical success factors for projects in the IT industry in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The limitation of this research is a smaller sample of examinees. This is the result of insufficient development of the IT industry and project management in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Decision Making in Project Management

The objective of this paper is to examine the effect of AI on decision making in project management. More specifically, the paper looks into the quality, integrity and volume of the data collected by AI systems which is then displayed for the project manager to carry out project decisions. After conducting secondary research in which numerous academic articles were read and information was collected from multiple regions and primary research in which 13 IT managers and Project managers were interviewed, the drawn conclusion was that AI application improves data quality and integrity leading to improved speed and effectiveness of decision making in both single and multiple project environments.

Method for Improving the Efficiency of IT Project Management Using a Genetic Algorithm

The article is devoted to solving the current problem of improving the efficiency of IT project management processes. When managing IT projects, managers are faced with the problem of formation teams and distributing tasks among project participants in the face of the need to minimize costs and completion dates of an IT project. The lack of necessary methods and software doesn't allow the IT project Manager to adequately assess competences and skills of participants, their personal qualities, which leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of project management. The article proposes a method of improving the efficiency of IT project management, which differs by using a genetic algorithm to form project commands and assign team participants to project tasks. The efficiency criterion is the complexity and duration of the project and individual tasks using the COCOMO II method. When forming project teams, takes into account the level of technologies proficiency, experience with technologies, the coherence of the project team members, and the experience of similar developments of project participants. The level of technologies proficiency affects the level of labor input multiplier, experience with technologies — at the level of the multiplier, the coherence of the project team members — on the level of scale factor, the experience of similar development — on the level of the scale factors of the COCOMO II methodology. Taking into account the personal and psychological qualities of project participants reduces the risk of interpersonal conflicts within the team, which also reduces the duration of projects and the labor input of solving tasks. Research of personal and psychological qualities is carried out on the basis of automated tests. The test suite includes Rosenzweig, Belbin, Myers-Briggs, Thomas and Honey-Mumford tests. The developed method is implemented in a software complex for multilevel IT project management. Testing of the method and software complex was carried out within the framework of the students' learning practice of the specialty "Software engineering" of the Belarusian-Russian University. The use of the proposed method allowed to reduce the labor input of solving the tasks of training projects by 19.2 %, to reduce the project realization term by 10 %.

DEVELOPMENT OF MOBILE MARKETING IT PROJECTS: OPPORTUNITIES FOR MOLDOVA AND UKRAINE

This article describes the main problematic issues and modern approaches to managing and developing mobile marketing IT projects. In this study, the authors set the goal of the study – to analyze the features of IT project management in mobile marketing, to systematize the development models of modern web projects and to study the possibilities of using flexible applied methodologies that formalize the development and modification of web applications based on the use of effective methods for managing IT projects in mobile marketing. To achieve this research goal, the authors used theoretical and conceptual analysis, studied existent empirical databases for the mobile application market in the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine. The authors highlighted the critical problems of using agile methodologies in IT projects of mobile marketing. A comparative analysis of the feature’s applicability of IT project management methodologies and problems of their using in mobile marketing applications are presented. The logical and structural diagram of the stages of the Mobile App Design Timeline is proposed, which contributes to increasing the effectiveness of the implementation of information technology projects in general. To assess the applicability of the flexible methodologies of Kanban and Scrum, an IT project of mobile marketing was simulated. The significance of the results obtained is predetermined by the fact that they could form a theoretical base for improving the effectiveness of marketing activity under conditions of the informatization of society through the building a selforganizing team and use of agile methodologies in mobile marketing IT projects.

Assessment of digital maturity of enterprises

The project management methodology is an approach to the formation of a set of methods that structures the project management system and is reflected in the manuals. The aim of the article is to increase the efficiency of IT project management by adapting existing management methodologies considering the characteristics of projects implemented in the company. Performing the following tasks allows to achieve the goal: - review of existing methodologies; - description of the object of study; - identification of key features of IT project management in the company OOO «ITSK»; - IT project management guidelines; - application of a corporate standard as part of an IT project in the oil and gas industry. The relevance of the article is explained by the wide distribution of IT projects of various fields of application, including projects to automate the activities of an oil and gas industry company that require management throughout the entire life cycle. The application of the project management methodology allows you to record the goals and results of the project, give them quantitative characteristics, determine the time, cost and quality parameters of the project, create a realistic plan for the project, identify, assess risks and prevent possible negative consequences during the implementation of the project. In the course of the work, a brief analysis of the existing project management methodologies was carried out, the specifics of IT project management described, the adaptation of the methodology in the oil and gas industry and the description of the standard used within the company are reflected. Using an example of a project to automate monitoring of KPIs, the application of a corporate methodology based on best practices was demonstrated.