Interstate Relations Research Articles

The Determinants of Terrorist Listing

Terrorist designation has increasingly become an important counterterrorism tool used by intergovernmental organizations and state governments. This article examines the determinants of terrorist listing and argues that terrorist listing is driven by security as well as political concerns. While countries tend to designate groups that pose a greater security threat, terrorist listing can also be influenced by interstate relationships including alliance ties and state rivalry. We test these arguments using a dataset on 35 countries that currently maintain their own lists of designated terrorist organizations. Our findings show that governments are more likely to list groups that have a record of attacking their domestic interests. Domestic groups are more likely to be designated than foreign groups. Moreover, countries are more likely to designate groups that are designated by their allies, even when these groups do not pose a direct threat. Our study contributes to the literature on terrorism and more broadly international security by systematically examining the determinants of terrorist designation and explaining the heterogeneity of terrorist lists across countries.

Features of the mechanism for implementation of external state functions: unification of standards of the EU, Ukraine and Hungary

The return of Ukraine to the trajectory of stable development and the solution of rather complex issues of the political spectrum of direction, economic, social issues of the implementation of the external functions of the state, especially in the chronology of today and the difficult interstate relations with Hungary, and not only, requires significant efforts. Currently, the model of legal relations does not demonstrate a wide spectrum of democratic approaches of interests, but we are observing the phantom degraded approaches of the Soviet past on the part of the leadership of the Hungarian government, which openly supports Russian aggression. Examining the characteristic features of Hungary and Ukraine, we can recall the totalitarian socialist past behind their shoulders, which left its negative imprint on the mechanisms and constructions of the implementation of external functions, because as a result of which Hungary, as we can see, began its activities as a full-fledged, independent state. Ukraine, on the other hand, with its uncertainty in 30 years, due to its practically undefined firm position neither with the West nor with the East, demonstrated the illusion of independent state formation, which as a result we have a full-scale destruction of the created illusion of the concept of peace and security, the inviolability of state borders at the cost of terrible bloodshed. In the issue of leveling of contradictions, orientation towards sustainable development and security vectors, under the condition of effective and fair use of a wide range of resources, should be available to democratic countries. One of these possible ways is integration, which is aimed at expanded forms of cooperation in the economy and the military-political sphere. Over the centuries, humanity came to realize the need for peaceful coexistence and cooperation, deepening cooperation between states, peoples, and regions. In our opinion, the European Union is a certain prototype of a state with states. Yes, the EU has its own system of governing bodies, so the EU has its own legislative system, so the EU has its own judicial system. The complexity of such management lies in the number of member states, because any of the participating states should not be discriminated against when making a decision. The system of activity of the Union is extremely complex and institutional. This scientific article attempts to investigate the issue of the complexity of its functioning.

The Development of Financial Obligation Assistance in Inter-State Relations Regarding Environmental Protection: a Review of The Paris Agreement 2015

Abstract
 The increasing global environmental issues affect how countries view international environmental policy. This insists countries carry out joint international responsibility on environmental law issues which later developed as Common but Differentiated Responsibility and Respective Capabilities principle (Principle of CDR-RC). The implementation of the principle should be seen as the aspect of financial assistance from developed countries to developing countries in the Paris Agreement 2015. This research aims to determine the development of the relation-interaction of the financial assistance between developed countries and developing countries in the context of international environmental law, especially regarding climate change issues as well as the obligation and financial mechanism in the Paris Agreement 2015. The result shows a development of universal responsibility into a shared international responsibility in overcoming climate change issues. Several different principles in each international instrument affect relation-interaction and financial assistance. Furthermore, the financial assistance is regulated in detail in Article 9 of the Paris Agreement 2015 with financial mechanisms referred to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
 Keywords: financial assistance, developed and developing countries, Paris Agreement 2015

Modeling of competitive interactions: basic regularities. Part 1

Objective : to analyze the general patterns of socio-economic and political dynamics (both within society and in interstate relations) caused by the presence of competition between key economic and political actors. Methods : methods of mathematical dynamic modeling were used to study competitive interactions. Results : the attitude to competition as a social phenomenon is ambiguous. It is considered either as a positive (for example, in market economy studies), or as a negative (for example, when considering interstate conflicts) factor. The paper attempts to analyze the general features of competitive interactions based on the study of the basic mathematical model describing competition in socio-economic and socio-political spheres. Using the basic mathematical model, various regimes of competitive interactions are considered; the conditions for the transition from one regime to another are determined; examples of the implementation of these modes in the economy are given. Scientific novelty : in the course of the research using mathematical modeling, the main attention was paid to the so-called non-robust (according to A. A. Andronov) cases of the implementation of competitive interaction, which have rarely been considered in the scientific literature so far, but are often found in real life. Practical significance : the results of analysis and mathematical modeling allow establishing the conditions under which competition stimulation contributes to economic development and under which it leads to crisis situations.

Forms of Compensation for Harm in Public International Law

The study of the problems of international legal responsibility as one of the basic elements of international legal regulation is of particular importance due to the fact that the subjects of international law, taking advantage of the dispositivity and consensual nature of its norms, abuse them in their own interests, often seriously infringing the interests of their international partners. The institution of international legal responsibility is one of the earliest forms of interstate relations that arose long before the formation of public international law as a legal system. The article discusses the forms of compensation for harm in public international law. The property and non-property forms of compensation for harm are highlighted. The key characteristics of international legal responsibility are defined, such as compensation for harm, as the most effective sanction for unlawful actions, and restoration of the violated rights and interests of the victim. The analysis of the order and consequences of the application of forms of international legal responsibility is given. The institute of international legal responsibility is very extensive, we have considered only some of its part concerning the forms of international legal responsibility. Forms of international legal responsibility can be of a property and non-property nature. Property forms of liability include: restitution, compensation, satisfaction. Non-property forms of responsibility include: retorsions and reprisals. As a result of the conducted research, it is concluded that the forms of liability are most effective when they are combined when several property forms of liability (for example, restitution and compensation) are used together with non-property forms of liability. It is noted that non-property forms of liability are the most effective in terms of influencing the reputation of the harm-doer, due to their publicity.

DECOLONIAL TURN: NEW CHALLENGES TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS TRADITIONS

International Relations emerged as a discipline in the aftermath of World War I to avert destructive events through the systemic study of interstate relations. The mainstream IR reflected Eurocentric discourse that viewed the world from the prism of the western colonial powers. This paper reviews relevant literature to examine the decolonial turn in IR and its challenges to established traditions of the discipline. It is a critical reflection of a scholar from the South trying to understand Eurocentricity in a discipline that claims to be international. The research concludes that the decolonial turn in IR is challenging the basic foundations of the discipline and underscores the need for a change in the parameters of discussion around the principles and assumptions underlying the knowledge production system of the IR discipline.

The issue of Abkhazia and South Ossetia in Georgian-russian interstate relations

In this article the authors explore historical and legal grounds of separatist tendencies in South Ossetia and Abkhazia, the role of russia in stirring up the confrontation of autonomies with Georgia and influence of these processes on Georgian-russian interstate relations. In the authors’s opinion separatist tendencies in South Ossetia and Abkhazia are of a long-term nature and were shaping through Soviet national policy, the federal system of the USSR, lack of centralized power in Georgia during the period of disintegration of the USSR, dissatisfaction of regions because of Georgia implementing ethnonational policy, active participation of russia in inciting separatist movements. Over the years, russia has actually interfered in the internal politics of Georgia, explaining this with the concept of «special responsibility». russia’s policy was carried out under the guise of neutrality and peacemaking, which helped for a certain period of time to convince the international community that russia was trying to resolve the conflict.The rapprochement policy and creation of a system of agreements with self-proclaimed republics is part of Russia’s plan to maintain influence in the South Caucasus region, create obstacles for Georgia on its way to Euro-Atlantic integration, and prevent any US advance in the region. Prospects for conflict resolution in the short term are insignificant, since it is beneficial for russia to delay the frozen state as long as possible. On the other hand, Georgia is unable to solve the issue of the return of Abkhazian and Ossetian autonomies on its own without sufficient military power, economic potential and the support of Western allies, who currently have a war in Ukraine on their agenda. Therefore, the most likely development of events in the region is strategic patience, which over time will most likely benefit only one side of the conflict.

Appeals in Russian and Persian Linguistic Cultures: Comparative Aspect

Purpose. Often, the choice of the form of address depends on how we will develop further communication between representatives of different cultures and confessions. The rapidly developing friendly Russian-Iranian interstate relations predetermine the relevance of the research topic chosen by the authors. This study is devoted to a comparative study of addresses in the Russian and Persian languages in the communicative and pragmatic aspect. The purpose of this study is to study linguistic units that act as addresses, their connotation and translation correlation in the Russian-Persian-comparative aspect of speech etiquette. The material of the study was the most commonly used Russian and Persian units of the speech act, which were selected by the authors as a result of observing the speech of native speakers, as well as from those selected by the method of continuous sampling from leading researchers in this field in Russian-Iranian comparative linguistics.Results. The results and novelty of this study lies in the selection of linguistic units of a speech act in the Russian-Persian comparative aspect, which is widely presented for the first time. As a result of the study, appeals were divided into two groups: regulated and non-regulated. The study of appeals in this aspect will help prevent possible misunder-standings caused by differences in the linguistic and cultural education of the Iranian and Russian society.

РЕЛИГИОЗНЫЙ АСПЕКТ В ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ КОНФЛИКТАХ

Relevance of the political conflict topic on the background of religious component is related to religious revival that started in Russia in the first half of the 90-ties of the last century, which has been caused by deep social, political, economic, and cultural changes in our society. During those years, religiosity level of the country increased, this enriched the spiritual life but at the same time gave rise to multiple problems. They are expressed in the conflicts among different religionists aggravated by the actively pursued migration policy, development of the global Islam politicization tendency, intensive spread of the new extremist religious movements in the Russian confessional community. Religious disputes, frequently coming with manifestation of aggression, violence and intolerance, often aggravate the social and political tension in the modern society. In such an environment, exploration of the integrating and disintegrating effect of the religion is of high practical importance. Interaction of politics and religion, their priority in shaping public opinion, mutual penetration and confrontation expressed in various life aspects, including personal self-identification, extent of integration into society, civil position and world perception as a whole — all these problems become ever more topical in the context of ever-greater importance of the world religions influence on the present-day inter-ethnic, international, and inter-state relations. The necessity to explore the religious component of the political conflict is explained by the complexity and variety of this phenomenon, availability of multiple internal and external factors affecting intra-confessional and inter-confessional relations. To this end, it is extremely important to analyze consistently the reasons, manifestation forms and ways for prevention of conflicts with religious component, especially in geopolitical context. In view of the foregoing, the articles dwells upon the issues of interaction between politics and religion in the environment of globalization of the modern society with due consideration for the conflict potential in the political sphere related to religious factors.

Features of the Manifestation of Patriotism among Students with Different Attitudes to a Special Military Operation

The article presents the results of an empirical study characterizing the dependence of the manifestation of patriotism and attitude to a special military operation among students. The relevance of the research is due to the socio-political transformations of the domestic and foreign policy of the state, which require a revision of the system of patriotic education of young people based on basic, national and historical values. Changes in the architecture of interstate relations require the restructuring of the formation of a person who is ready to defend the priorities of his country in various spheres of life, which is impossible without a true patriotic attitude to his homeland. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was a systematic approach developed by domestic researchers B.F. Lomov, V.S. Merlin, V.D. Nebylitsin, A.I. Krupnov, etc.; a holistic and functional approach to the study of personality traits and character traits (Krupnov, 1994), studies of patriotism (Kudinov, 2017,2018; Gavrilushkin, 2012; Lutovinov, 1997; Potemkin, 2009; etc.). The questionnaire "Patriogram" was used to study patriotism (Kudinov, Potemkin, 2008). To identify the attitude of students to a special military operation, an author's questionnaire was developed. The results of the study on a sample of 109 students of Moscow universities, followed by mathematical and statistical analysis, allowed us to establish statistically significant differences between the indicators of patriotism among students with different attitudes to a special military operation. In general, it was found that there is no direct relationship between the indicators of patriotism and a positive attitude to the special operation. Low indicators of patriotism are also not directly related to a negative attitude towards their own. The empirical data obtained indicate that the students consider patriotism in a broad context and does not associate this personal property with confrontation in relation to the outside world. The results of the study prove the need to improve educational activities aimed at the formation and development of patriotism at different stages of education.

DISCUSS BORDERS IN AFRICA DIFFERENTLY STORIES, IMAGINATIONS AND ALTERITY IN THE BORDERLANDS BETWEEN CAMEROON AND NIGERIA

Many studies have been devoted in recent years to the border studies in Africa, particularly on the issue of historical conditions for the constitution of borders; border disputes; illegal migrations; cross-border crime; cross-border cooperation; flow control; the militarization of borders; the rise of shipwrecks and sub-Saharan migrations at the gates of Europe. Admittedly, this research is interesting, but it has remained mostly limited to the geographical and material dimension of the border. A border is not only limited to a line, a barrier, a checkpoint or a political construction and the result of a balance of power that was resolved in a negotiated or conflictual manner. Beyond it’s socio-cultural, political and economic animation by human groups, it is also important to note that the influences of political events, the nature of interstate relations affect the imaginations of these populations settled in the borderlands in relation to the border. Based on an ethnographic approach carried out from the 2010 s until July 2018 and the collection of primary and secondary data in some cross-border areas between Cameroon and Nigeria, it is a question in this analytical framework of scrutinizing the mental geography of these human societies before colonization relative to the border, then to show how the "clash of civilizations" with the colonial order upset the African borders providing a vision of the world. From another perspective, there is a heuristic interest that is raised in this discussion, that of discussing how the mental images of the local populations settled in these borderlands have acted, interacted and varied in relation to these geopolitical spaces marked essentially by globalization and its consequences. geopolitical and geostrategic changes.

Why International Conciliation Can Resolve Maritime Disputes: A Study Based on the Jan Mayen Case

The settlement of maritime disputes is an important issue faced by many countries. Choosing an appropriate settlement method is the primary task of policy makers. International conciliation, which results from careful and systematic evaluation, could become the primary choice of dispute settlement. During conciliation, parties have dominant and final decision-making power over the settlement of disputes, and there is flexibility in the application of law and procedural rules. The Conciliation Commission provides independent third-party advice, and the political and time costs of dispute settlements are relatively low. These are core advantages of conciliation that attract the attention of decision makers. The willingness and diplomatic relations of disputing parties, existence of external pressure, economization of delimitation, and capacity of the Commission are key factors that affect the success of conciliation. The roles these factors play depend on their controllability and the strength of the disputing parties. The effects of dispute settlement with the assistance of the Conciliation Commission are systemic. The successful settlement of maritime disputes between Norway and Iceland in the context of the Cold War not only demonstrated that conciliation is of great value in resolving maritime disputes and promoting inter-state relations but also had considerable uniqueness. Many questions regarding international conciliation cannot be clearly answered by the Jan Mayen Case. Increased state practice and further in-depth research are needed.

The Problem of Ensuring Maritime Security in the Asian Region

INTRODUCTION. Modern maritime law is replete with a variety of legal acts of the interstate level, but the problems of ensuring security in this area remain relevant. At the international level, it is very difficult to establish a clear connection between the rules of law and actual legal relations. In order to strive to realize this, it is necessary to constantly analyze the real situation, trying to improve it or put it in order with the help of legal mechanisms, which is what this study is aimed at. This work is devoted to the analysis of relations in the field of merchant shipping from the point of view of ensuring security and stability in order to understand the possibility of improving international legal norms. As a territorial scope, interstate relations of Asian countries, including Russia, were considered as the most promising and interesting region from a scientific point of view, including in the context of increased measures of negative economic pressure on Russia from a number of states in North America and Europe. In the current political and economic conditions, not only the doctrine turns its attention to this direction, positioning the vector of domestic development as Eurasian, and sometimes completely Asian. MATERIALS AND METHODS. To prepare this work, an analysis of international legal acts, law enforcement practice was carried out, and expert assessments were monitored on various issues of ensuring the safety of navigation in the Asian region. The results obtained are based on the consideration of economic, political science, management and other literature in addition to the works of legal scholars. The comparative legal method was used, as well as deduction and synthesis. RESEARCH RESULTS. As a result, it is proposed to consider the possibility of taking additional measures aimed at expanding the functionality of the captain of the vessel to ensure the safety of maritime navigation, including countering illegal actions on board. At the level of the domestic legislation of the Russian Federation and the national legislations of other states of the region, establish clear rules for determining the law applicable on board a ship and extending the jurisdiction of the relevant state to relations arising on a ship. At the same time, the provisions of the domestic legislation of each state must comply with the rules of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) of December 10, 1982. Grant broader powers to captains of ships in terms of implementing measures to prevent crimes on board the ship and transfer the person who committed the crime to representatives of foreign law enforcement agencies. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. International merchant shipping is a very complex area of public relations with a large number of entities that have different legal status and, accordingly, are related to each other in the most diverse ways. The main threats to the implementation of these activities are piracy, offenses on board a ship in isolation from the mainland, and illegal extraction of biological resources. Fishing by residents of some states in the territorial waters of others is a topical issue. This work is devoted to the study of the main trends in the development of the system for ensuring the safety of international navigation from different points of view. As an object of research, legal relations in the Asian region are taken as the most diverse from social, economic, political and other points of view. Also, the countries of Asia, including Russia, are among the most rapidly developing, which demands new approaches to the relationship between subjects that require their own legal regulation. As a result, separate proposals have been developed, subject to the adoption of which it will be possible to optimize law enforcement practice on ensuring the safety of navigation.

Possibilities of Using the Unitization Model in the Development of Transboundary Groundwater Deposits

Groundwater belongs to the category of strategic minerals, along with hydrocarbon resources, so the supply of drinking water will become one of the urgent problems of modern society. The management of groundwater resources and their protection is a very complicated task, especially in border areas where neighboring states jointly exploit aquifers. The problem of transboundary water resources management, in particular groundwater, has been considered at the international level for more than 30 years. However, despite the adoption of a number of conventions, agreements and programs, both at the global and in the format of interstate relations, an understanding for the approach of a universal solution to the transboundary water issue has not yet been formed. An attempt to study the possibilities of applying the principles of unitization on the example of transboundary oil and gas fields in comparison with groundwater cross-border deposits is made in the paper for the first time. As a successful example, the unitization agreement between Norway and the UK for the development of the Frigg field was chosen. It is established that unitization agreements concluded by states in the joint development of transboundary mineral deposits, actively used in regulating the activities of transboundary oil and gas fields, can be used as one of the possible models of international agreements on the extraction of groundwater in transboundary territories.

Problems and prospects of Japanese-Korean interstate relations

The article deals with the features of excursion service in the overall structure of the tourist product; substantiated definitions that are based on the structural complex, which is integrated into the tourism product; the main tasks of the excursion service program are determined; There are a number of stages of development of innovative excursion product; the factors of further development of excursion activities are highlighted.. The main problems and vectors of the development of excursion activity in Ukraine are described, since the excursion business is currently a very popular field of activity. The main vectors of the development of excursion activities in Ukraine are identified, which develop in the direction of expanding cooperation and building potential, compliance with market trends in the organization of excursion activities, activation of the importance of the influence of excursion activities on the development of cultural, sustainable, responsible, affordable and ethical domestic and international tourism aimed at creating new jobs and entrepreneurship. Also, the inexhaustible excursion resources of many regions of our country, together with the deep national spiritual roots and traditions of the Ukrainian people, give reason to assert that the excursions themselves are an active and meaningful means of harmonizing the personality and its spiritual growth in the new democratic Ukraine. They are a source of new information, new impressions and sensations. Today, the tourism sector of the Ukrainian economy has survived and continues to function. It has been established that one of the most urgent issues of the organization of excursion activities is the improvement of the organizational and economic mechanism using the best experience of the world’s leading countries in the tourism industry, taking into account the tourism and excursion potential of the state of Ukraine.

Ռազմատեխնիկական քաղաքականության կատարելագործումը որպես պետության պաշտպանունակության ապահովման հանգուցային ուղղություն / Improvement of military-technical policy as a key direction in ensuring the national defense capability

The state’s military-technical policy (MTP) is targeted at the establishment of a scientific, technological and production base for designing and developing Armament, Military and Special Equipment (AMSE). The article suggests a few methodological approaches to the improvement of MTP aimed at ensuring the neutralization of the dangers and threats to the state security, and to national defense capability. In each state the level, quality and choice of the directions in the military-technical policy are to a certain degree influenced by the position the state holds in the world and in the given region, its pretensions, interstate relations, its sci-tech and production engineering capabilities. Nowadays, the significance and impact of different types of uncertainties upon shaping the MTP of large and small states have drastically increased. This is first and foremost stipulated by the consequence that the unipolar model of global dominance gradually fades into the past. Hence, the reconstruction of the world community interaction pattern has its significant impact on the substantiation and selection of the development directions of the means of armed conflict. It is stipulated by largescale changes taking place in numerous spheres. As for the small states’ activity in the direction of the military-technical policy designing and efficiency evaluation, it is noted that those two are connected with essential extra difficulties. That’s why it is necessary to: clearly identify the modern requirements of the armed struggle, the physico-geographical conditions of the given region, the complex of military and military-technical tasks, their correlation, the financial and economic capabilities of the state, etc. It is proposed that a state armament program be drafted with the account of limitations of allocated material, financial, time, human (intellectual) and other resources. More importantly, the evaluation of the feasibility and effectiveness of the armament program should be carried out on the basis of the methodological provisions of the military-economic analysis, using the “time – costs – effectiveness” criterion. When applying this criterion, the combat efficiency of military formations, the economic efficiency of defense enterprises and the military-economic efficiency of weapon samples and systems should be comprehensively considered. In other words, it is not necessary to strive only for cost reduction, it is necessary to ensure an increase in combat capabilities per unit of cost, subject to the mandatory observance of time and other constraints.

Turkic Borrowings in Russian

The vocabulary of any functioning language consists of original and borrowed words. The Russian language is no exception. Turkic borrowings form a significant layer of the vocabulary of the Russian language, filling it with meanings that are of great scientific interest both in philological terms and as a subject for ethnographic and historical research. In order to more accurately define the boundaries of the term “Turkism”, corresponding to the true origin of words, all Turkisms are divided into primordial and historical. The connection of languages of different systems is a historical process based on historical, cultural and interstate relations, scientific and technological progress, the development of scientific areas, etc. The mutual influence of languages is an integral part of the historical, cultural, political and sociological process. Thus, the language reflects emerging innovations and enriches itself by borrowing words from other languages. The vocabulary of any functioning language is made up of native and borrowed words. The Russian language is no exception. Turkic borrowings form a significant layer of the vocabulary of the Russian language, filling it with meanings that are of great scientific interest not only in philological terms but also as a subject for ethnographic and historical research. The connection between the Russian and Turkic peoples that arose since ancient times, their close contact, due to territorial proximity and the vital need to maintain trade and economic relations, demanded from the peoples who speak these languages a practical knowledge of the languages of their neighbours.

Megaprojects as an integral part of Saudi Arabia's economic diplomacy

Interstate relations at the present stage require the use of the widest possible foreign policy tools. In the context of the actualization of the geo-economic factor in modern world politics, the role of economic diplomacy draws special attention. Currently, this area is considered as one of the priorities by the majority of countries in the world. In this context, the states of the Middle East are no exception. At the same time, the Arabian monarchies are the most active on this diplomatic track, including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which uses its significant economic potential to achieve its own foreign policy interests. An integral part of such a strategy is the implementation of economic and infrastructure megaprojects. Thus, the purpose of this article is to analyze Saudi Arabia's use of its major projects as a tool of economic diplomacy.

Uloga Otvorenog Balkana u aktuelnim regionalnim odnosima iz perspektive strateške politike i evropskih integracija

Economically-oriented regional initiatives are not new phenomena in interstate relations. Most of these initiatives were aimed at promoting and dynamizing economic developments in the region, thus dynamizing the national economies of the participating actors, bearing in mind the fact that economic cooperation between political entities in the immediate region greatly contributes to the development of the national economy and market precisely because of logistical possibilities, today extremely important in regional, as well as in international economic trends. The aim of this paper is to analyze the existing achievements within the framework of the Open Balkans initiative, its capacities and possibilities, but also its results at the regional level as well as in the context of the European integration of the region. Accordingly, the main research question that arises for us in this paper is whether the Open Balkans, as an economic initiative, can contribute in strategic terms to better foreign policy positioning of Serbia and the participating countries. Theoretically speaking, the importance of this paper lies in the analysis of the role of small and micro countries in regional relations and in the process of European integration, which in certain circumstances act jointly through regional initiatives, as well as in the answer to the question of how much such initiatives contribute to the more efficient and effective realization of the foreign policy goals of small and micro entities.

ECONOMY AS A BACKGROUND OF CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS: THEORETICAL ASPECTS

The article examines the economic aspect of international conflicts, in particular the role of the economic component in international conflicts. Individual causes of occurrence, management methods and principles of conflict resolution were studied, in order to structure theoretical knowledge about conflicts and determining the role of economic aspects in the reasons of conflicts, its influence on their course and the possibility of applying of economy as a lever that contributes to the prevention, resolution or minimization of the negative consequences of international conflicts, the search for solutions and the prevention of such in the future, also by taking into account the results of previous scientific studies and using the examples of modern interstate disputes. The main three functions that can be performed by the conflict economy have been defined and the importance of such roles for understanding the nature of the conflict and determining the methodology of its management and resolution has been defined. Authors studied the reasons of actual conflicts to reveal the role of economic aspects of each conflict in order to realize how is economy applied in those conflicts and if it could be as an instrument of aggression or as an instrument of stabilization and resolving the conflict. Also, the nature of conflicts itself was examined to understand if it is possible to find some signs that there is a possibility that a conflict is coming. This understanding could help to prevent the worst consequences of such foreign policy or how to manage it better. Some aspects of the psychology of the conflict were examined. The aim of studying this aspect was to realize which aspects give the possibility to the government to step in the conflict. And how the internal policy of some country could testify that country is preparing to some kind of a conflict. The different systems of internal state organizing were examined to understand which of them is more stable and which one is less stable and could not only move forward to the conflict, but also could be a kind of such conflict. Key words: international conflict, economic component, prevention tool, conflict psychology, interstate relations.