Innovative Development Of Region Research Articles

СТРАТЕГИЯ «УМНОЙ СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ» РЕГИОНОВ КАК ФАКТОР ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

The article analyzes the modern mechanisms of regional innovative development. Based on the main provisions of the implementation of the cluster innovation policy, the authors put forward the assumption that the current period of economic transformation should switch to the strategy of "smart specialization", as this will combine the most effective methods of regional innovation development.

A research on the effectiveness of innovation policy for regional innovation under Chinese long-range plan

Abstract By adopting a set of panel data from thirty provinces in China from 2007 to 2017, this paper examines how regional innovation efficiency is influenced by different types of innovation policies from a specific long-range plan (‘National Medium- and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006–20)’). We incorporate public direct research and development (R&D) grants, R&D tax credits, and intellectual property rights (IPR) protection into our research. We also explore the heterogeneous influences of these factors at different stages in regional innovation development. The results indicate that public direct R&D grants have a significantly negative influence, especially in innovation-catching-up regions. Conversely, the R&D tax credit has a considerably positive impact on innovation-catching-up regions. IPR protection plays various roles according to different innovation development stages. Specifically, IPR protection has a positive impact on innovation-leading regions, while it negatively influences regional innovation efficiency in innovation-catching-up regions.

Digital Inclusive Finance and Regional Innovation Performance

Digital inclusive finance is a new industry generated by inclusive finance in the context of the development of big data and the Internet. The development of digital inclusive finance promotes regional innovation, while the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and the development of financial agglomeration provide good external conditions for the development of digital inclusive finance and regional innovation. Based on panel data from 248 prefectures from 2011-2019, this paper examines the impact of digital inclusive finance on regional innovation and the moderating role of the advanced development of industrial structure and financial agglomeration in this promotion process at the prefecture level. The study finds that digital inclusive finance promotes regional innovation; in terms of the transmission mechanism of the effect, it is found that the advanced industrial structure and financial agglomeration can strengthen the promotion effect of digital inclusive finance on regional innovation. Therefore, the development of digital inclusive finance can be promoted in terms of industrial structure optimisation and attracting financial agglomeration to enhance China's regional innovation performance.

Prospects for the development of medium- and high-tech economic activities of the Samara region from the perspective of industry cyclical dynamics

Regional innovative development is the most important condition for ensuring the sustainability and balance of the economy of a country which is widely discussed in the scientific literature. However, despite having been ignored, the cyclicality of industries is an additional factor that either needs to be addressed or used to drive innovation. The article is aimed at assessing the prospects for the innovative development of the Samara region based upon the data on the cyclicality of prospective economic activities. For this purpose, the authors reviewed the dynamics of industries, identified stages of cycles, trends, fulfilled the medium-term forecast. The methodology of scientific research was determined by the econophysical approach, and the toolkit is the authors digital platform. The empirical material was formed by publicly available data from Rosstat on the growth rates of the physical volume of manufacturing industry. Special attention is paid to medium and high-tech economic activities. The scientific results consist in obtaining the data on the profile and dynamics of the sectoral cycles of the Samara region, which enabled to build trends in the sectors and determine further prospects for the development of medium- and high-tech economic activities in the region. The novelty of the study is the authors methodology for estimating cycles, which allowed to obtain these results and expand both the practical application of the tool to assess cyclical dynamics and its application to the research task. New results on trend, cycle, seasonality were also obtained. The most promising mid-term medium and high-tech types of economic activity of the Samara region have been identified.

STRATEGI PEMBANGUNAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN, TEKNOLOGI DAN INOVASI DAERAH DI SULAWESI TENGGARA

The purpose of this study is to describe the general conditions of regional science, technology and innovation (Iptekin) development, analyze opportunities and threats in the external environment as well as strengths and weaknesses in the internal environment, and formulate a strategic goals and objectives for the development of effective regional Iptekin in Southeast Sulawesi. This research uses a qualitative approach with an interpretive perspective. Data collection techniques used include interviews, document studies, benchmarking, and focus group discussions. Qualitative data analysis of the interactive model found that regional Iptekin development in Southeast Sulawesi is characterized by weak institutional and social and organizational fragmentation, and lack of resources. The overall factors of the political, economic, social, technological and legal environment contain opportunities and threats to the development of regional Iptekin but the dominant one is from the political environment. The factor of creating public value and assets/inventory are both internal strengths and weaknesses for the development of regional Iptekin. The strategic objective of regional Iptekin development based on environmental assessment is to increase the capacity of science and technology and the effectiveness of the implementation and utilization of regional science and technology.

Achieving carbon neutrality: How does the construction of national high-tech zones affect the green innovation of enterprises? Based on quasi-natural experiments in pilot areas in China

From the standpoint of green patents, verifying the influence of the construction of national high-tech zones on the degree of green innovation of enterprises is of enormous theoretical and practical importance. We construct a multi-period two-difference model to assess the influence of the national high-tech zone policy’s implementation on enterprises’ levels of green innovation. The outcomes of the study show that: first, the establishment of national high-tech zones greatly increases the level of green innovation among enterprises. While the effect on green and practical patents is average, the effect on green invention patents is more obvious. Second, how enterprises in national high-tech zones promote green innovation varies significantly. Promotional effects are more prominent in Tier 1 and Tier 2 regions, non-state firms, and high-tech industries with significant economic development. State-owned enterprises, non-high-tech industries, and third-tier and lower-tier regions, on the other hand, fared brilliantly. Third, additional action mechanisms show that the establishment of national high-tech zones can contribute to the institutional environmental effects of enterprises and the concentration of green innovation elements, thereby realizing regional green innovation development. Thus, our research provides an empirical foundation for stimulating the formation of national high-tech zones, increasing firms’ ability to innovate on their own, and nurturing the long-term growth of national high-tech zones and associated businesses.

Economic assessment of industrial development of the oil and gas region by return on assets of organizations and profitability of products

On the basis of the analysis and modelling of the return on assets of regional organizations and the profitability of the goods, products, works and services sold by them the author of the article has developed a new methodological approach to interregional industrial interaction of oil and gas regions. The predominating production factors of oil and gas regions including the volume of the shipped own products, works and services completed on their own, and indexes of industrial production by the type of economic activity (“Mining” and “Manufacturing”) are chosen as the relevant parameters of the study. The structure of the volume of the shipped products (works, services) by type of economic activity “Mining” is represented by coal mining, oil and natural gas extraction, metal ore extraction, mining of other minerals and by providing corresponding services. As for the shipped goods and products, as well as works and services within the “Manufacturing” segment, the author chose coke and petroleum products; rubber and plastic products, chemicals and products, medicines and materials, other non-metallic mineral products, machinery and equipment, vehicles. A comprehensive clustering of oil and gas regions has been carried out according to the profitability of the assets of organizations, as well as the profitability of products, goods, works and services of the types of economic activity “Mining” and “Manufacturing”. As a result, the variants of industrial interregional integration formed may serve as the solution of the problem of low return on assets (and even negative in the case of the Orenburg region and the Samara region) due to the synergistic effects of reducing capital intensity and increasing the net financial result of the manufacturing organizations. It has been stated that the main direction for improving state programs in the management of innovative industrial development of oil and gas regions is indicative stimulation of return on assets of the manufacturing organizations.

Стратегические приоритеты инновационного развития российских регионов в условиях цифровизации

The work is devoted to clarifying the strategic priorities of regional innovative development in the context of digitalization. It is shown that the processes of digitalization and innovative development of Russian regions are in a strong relationship with each other and both have a positive effect on economic growth. Digitalization (its personnel, material and technical and scientific support) of the economy, social sphere and management is itself the main strategic priority for the innovative development of Russian regions. In addition, the use of digitalization opportunities for strategic planning and management of regional innovative development is a priority. Following the position of the scientific school of V. L. Kvint on the need to coordinate development priorities at all levels, when strategizing both the digital development of regions and their scientific and innovative development, it is advisable to take into account the priority of introducing digital technologies into the public administration process, digitalization of the scientific and innovative process, and supporting scientific and innovative activities for the development of digital technologies , the priority of creating digitalized innovation ecosystems, the possibility of interregional and international cooperation in the development and implementation of digital technologies.

Институциональные эффекты и инновационное развитие регионов России

The heterogeneity of the national socio-economic space implies the assessment of regional peculiarities of innovation activity responses to localized sets of various resources that contribute to its activation. One of the most important elements in the composition of these sets of resources is the institutional conditions in the respective territory, the diversity of which at a given degree of technological and economic development can bear different results. These assumptions served as the basis for the present study, the purpose of which is to substantiate the manifestation of various institutional effects arising in Russian regions and to assess their impact on innovative development. In this study, the authors understand institutional factors as scientific and educational potential, the level of bureaucracy as one of the consequences of the local specificity of managerial impacts, the level of criminality, and entrepreneurial activity. The subject of the study is institutional effects resulting from the action of institutional factors affecting the innovative development of Russian regions. The aim is to assess the influence of institutional effects, i.e. scientific and educational environment, entrepreneurial, criminogenic, and bureaucratic, on the level of innovative development of regions. Panel data on 83 subjects of the Russian Federation for the period between the years 2000 and 2020 were used as the information basis. The peculiarity of the study is the use of the quantile regression method. The results of the study reveal positive influence of the effects of scientific and educational environment, and entrepreneurship and negative influence of the bureaucratic effect for all groups of regions. The inverse U-shaped relation between the criminogenic effect and innovation activity was confirmed for 80% of regions. It was found that the quality of institutions and the development of small entrepreneurship are more significant for regions with a low level of innovation activity than for regions that are innovation leaders

Совершенствование межбюджетных отношений на региональном уровне (на примере Республики Крым)

In the modern conditions of political and economic instability in the economy, interbudgetary relations in the regional budgetary system are of particular importance, they can be additional sources, a “driving force”, provided they are improved in the process of application. The purpose of the study is to create a synthetic model for interbudgetary relations improvement in the budget system, expressed in the principles and instruments of state regional policy in relation to municipalities. The study of the budget distribution was carried out using information and analytical and retrospective analysis based on statistical, graphical and calculation methods. The result of the study is the creation of a synthetic model for interbudgetary relations’ improvement in the regional budgetary system, which includes: analysis of the revenues of the consolidated budget, which revealed their insufficiency to fulfill their powers to meet public needs; in the form of grants, subventions, subsidies and other interbudgetary transfers, since municipalities need independence, which is not in the level of balancing the budgets of municipalities through the budget equalization system, but in the promotion of social, economic, innovative development of regions, jobs creation to increase the welfare of the population. Improvement of interbudgetary relations depends largely on the economic development of the region and its municipalities. In the real sector of the economy, tax instruments are used, and the revenue part of the consolidated budget is formed. The regions need budgetary reforms aimed at measures to support the liquidity of budgets in terms of their sources development. The study was conducted on the example of municipalities of the Republic of Crimea.

The circular economy model and the role of solvates in regional innovative development (the case of Russian regions)

Relevance. Recent practice has convincingly tested the fact that the transition to a circular economy is an important goal for society and individual companies, especially in resource-intensive manufacturing industries. Research objective. The purpose of the study is to develop a theoretical and methodological basis for the creation of innovative solvates in regional industry, based on the concept of circular economy. Data and methods. The research methodology is represented by the convergence of system-synergetic, resource-efficient and cluster approaches, which makes it possible to identify regions where integrating industrial enterprises and related fields of activity form conditions and produce values in the concept of the circular economy. Results. The theoretical and methodological basis for the creation of new structures for the innovative development of regional industry on the platform of circularity, principles of inclusiveness, resilience and environmental friendliness has been formed; a new concept - innovative solvates has been introduced into scientific circulation. Based on the cluster analysis, the zones of localization of innovative solvates in the regions of Russia were identified. This made it possible to single out a cluster group with a high scientific and innovative potential, as well as a cluster of regions with the potential to localize innovative solvates, which included regions of industrial and resource specialization. Conclusions. The article presents the directions of solving the problem of achieving the conditions imposed by the circular economy in the innovative solvates of the industrial sector of the region. The study is motivated by several considerations. The first is the formation of an integral conceptual and terminological apparatus, theoretical and methodological basis of research. The second is the establishment of partnerships necessary for the implementation of circularity conditions in an innovative solvate, and the analysis of ways in which a solvate can switch to a circular economy.

Exploring the Innovative Development of Russian Regions: A Spatial Regression Analysis Using the Cobb-Douglas Model

Relevance. Extensive research has focused on evaluating and modeling innovative processes in territorial systems. However, an underexplored aspect is the assessment of spatial effects resulting from neighboring territories and the modeling of inter-territorial interactions in enterprise innovation. The existing regression models have limitations in accounting for spatial effects, indicating the presence of unaccounted factors. Research objective. This study aims to develop a methodological approach to evaluate the influence of factors on the dynamics of shipped innovative goods in Russian regions, taking into account spatial effects. Additionally, it aims to test the hypothesis that territories located near innovatively developing regions exhibit faster progress. Data and methods. The study utilizes regression analysis of panel data, employing combined least squares, fixed effects, and random effects methods to evaluate the influence of enterprise costs on innovation, the number of research personnel (researchers and technicians), advanced production technologies developed and used, the number of research organizations, as well as the internal costs of fundamental and applied research and development on the volume of shipped innovative goods in Russian regions from 2000 to 2021. To account for spatial effects, spatial econometrics techniques such as Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) models considering spatial lag and Spatial Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (SAC) models considering both spatial lag and spatial error are employed. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) with the White period weight matrix is used to address heteroscedasticity, and data transformation techniques including orthogonal deviations and the inclusion of dummy variables for each spatial unit and time period are applied. Results. The study reveals deepening spatial heterogeneity in innovation processes during economic downturns, which smooth out during economic recovery. Regions with high and low concentrations of shipped innovative goods are identified. Regression analysis establishes the impact of various factors on shipped innovative goods. Spatial models utilizing the Cobb-Douglas SAR and SAC frameworks demonstrate positive spatial effects, wherein neighboring regions exert influence on innovative development. Regions with high enterprise innovation activity, including Moscow, St. Petersburg, and others, exhibit the highest spatial effects. Conclusions. The innovative development of a single region depends not only on its own production factors but also on the innovative activity of enterprises in the surrounding regions. These findings highlight the importance of considering spatial effects in assessing and modeling regional innovation dynamics.

Role of educational services in innovative and sustainable development of region

The aim of the paper is to learn about the problems of innovative development in higher education, effects of government authority engagement in education, the influence of education quality to export of educational services, as well as the role of innovative educational services on the socio-economic development. To achieve the result, statistical data were analyzed and surveys were conducted among teaching staff and foreign students of three higher educational institutions in the region. For the research developed a questionnaire and conducted surveys among foreign students who studying in Uzbek universities. The survey aimed at estimating qualification and evaluating experience of university staff. As mentioned respondents were foreign students, who can make a comparison with other countries university staff and make an evaluation. Used econometric tools to analyze developed database based on the results of survey. According results export of educational services are depending on X3 factors, which shows possibilities of teachers and students participating in remote training and distance learning. As well, as X4 factors estimating role and responsibilities of pedagogical staff in teaching foreign students.

Catching-up regional strategy as a tool to reduce spatial inequality

The article is devoted to the problem of spatial inequality of regions caused by centripetal or centrifugal forces because of agglomeration effects and interaction costs. It corresponds with the main idea of new economic geography. A differentiated approach to regional development strategizing is proposed in the study as a tool for reducing the level of spatial imbalance. Herein the use of technological arbitrage (catching-up) strategy is proposed for peripheral regions by strengthening interregional interaction. In the paper, two hypotheses are investigated: (1) The economic growth of territories, caused by industry diversification, positive externalities from Research and Development, the quality of human capital, which are typical of the ?center? type of regions and (2) The formation of a unified macroeconomic space is possible due to strategies of technological arbitrage (catchingup strategy) for peripheral regions. Its implementation is possible through innovation, industrial-technological, and trade-technological complementarity development of peripheral regions with the central regions. The research methods are: panel regression with fixed effects, Data Envelopment Analysis method, and Malmquist Productivity Index, paired interregional complementarity indices. The study focuses on 10 regions of Siberian Federal District in the Russia, which differ in scale, structure, and level of innovative economic development. The study results confirm the possibility of reducing the level of spatial inequality using catching-up strategies and innovation complementarity of the regions. These strategies proved only for technical efficiency leading regions with high index of complementarity. In regions with a low complementarity index and different industry profile, large-scale interregional cooperation has not been confirmed.

ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ РЕГИОНОВ РОССИИ: ОЦЕНКА, ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

Assessment of the intensity of innovative development of regions and the country as a whole is of particular interest in a dynamically developing external environment. The transition to a new model of economic development and increasing the level of its economic security actualize the task of increasing the progressiveness of innovative development of all subjects of the Russian Federation. The progressiveness of innovative development determines the level of innovative activity of Russian organizations and the share of innovative goods produced and sold. The article presents the results of a study of the dynamics of Russia’s rating in the Global Innovation Index in 2018–2021. The structure of innovative goods, works, and services in 2018–2021 (by subjects of the Russian Federation) is investigated. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the proposed scientific and methodological approach to the comprehensive assessment of innovative development, which is based on a matrix approach, integrates a dynamic model of the relationship of productive, resource and cost indicators, allows you to diagnose problems and identify priority areas of innovative development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The paper calculates partial and integral indicators, according to the values of which the type and direction of innovative development of each subject of the Russian Federation are determined. This made it possible to build a geoinformation map of the key problems of innovative development of the subjects of the Federation and to identify the directions for the development of innovative activities in conditions of uncertainty and sanctions.

ПОДХОДЫ К ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЮ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ИННОВАЦИЙ

The territories of the Russian Federation have very different resources, different levels of technological innovation. In this regard, two main questions were posed in this work. The first question is related to testing the hypothesis that in the Russian Federation there is a strong differentiation of regions in terms of innovative development. The second question concerned mainly the possibility of predicting the innovative development of regions. The solution of the first question showed that the regions of the Russian Federation are statistically indistinguishable, the solution of the second question showed that the investing in innovation give an effect in two years.

The Impact of Knowledge Spillover from Universities in Sichuan-Chongqing Region on Regional Innovation Capacity

As an important subject of the regional innovation system, the scientific research activities of universities are not only the power source of talent cultivation and knowledge innovation but also an important force to promote regional innovation development. This paper examines the influence relationship between knowledge spillover from universities in Sichuan province and Chongqing city and regional innovation capacity from the aspects of teaching and research personnel input, research and development personnel input in research input, monographs, academic papers, technology transfer contracts and transfer income in research output. The results show that the improvement of the innovation capacity in Sichuan province and Chongqing city depends on the increase of teaching and research personnel input and the number of scientific and technological topics in universities, while other indirect scientific research results do not contribute significantly to the regional innovation capacity; further mechanism analysis reveals that the knowledge spillover from universities mainly promotes the improvement of regional innovation capacity through human capital, physical capital, and scientific and technological innovation.

Modeling the assessment of a region’s innovative potential

The paper is devoted to the design and modeling of the system for assessing a region’s innovative potential to justify management decisions in public authorities. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the feasibility of using digital tools and artificial intelligence to formalize and visualize the assessment results. The use of a multi-criteria system for assessing the level of a region’s development, which includes four areas, characterized by 46 indicators, is difficult to interpret to justify management decisions. Based on the theory of fuzzy logic, logical programming methods focused on the application of a system of facts and rules, formal knowledge representation languages for describing subject areas and methodology for developing expert systems for complex problem solving, taking into account the empirical knowledge of experts, a model for assessing the innovative potential of a region is proposed. A case study of one of the Russian regions is illustrated by graphs of 3D visualization of the optimal combination of parameters of the level of innovative development. The formed triad of sustainable and safe development makes it possible to display the behavior of the regional innovation development index as a whole on the basis of social, economic and environmental indicators of sustainability.

STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS OF TERRITORY DEVELOPMENT IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

The article is devoted to the analysis and generalization of the impact of crisis phenomena on the development of the regional economy, using the example of the current stage of socio-economic development of Ukraine, and the substantiation of the methodological principles and priorities of the development of the economy of the regions of the state in crisis conditions. The urgency of the problems of forming the priorities of anti-crisis management at the regional level has been proven. The principles and functions of the development of the regional economy in crisis conditions are substantiated, and the main problems that need to be solved are outlined. The regional economy can be interpreted as a system functioning in conditions of instability. In this case, the direction of the system's functioning in crisis conditions will be determined by the level and nature of threats, as well as the specifics of the internal structure of such a system and the stability of its individual components. Four priorities of the post-crisis development of regional socio-economic systems of Ukraine are summarized - guaranteeing security; quick recovery of business activity; preservation of horizontal connections between subjects of economic activity and components of economic systems at different levels; diversification of economic activity in the context of implementing the provisions of sustainable development and taking into account the priority of security. The concept of economic security of the state based on innovative sustainable development of regions is considered as the basis of the paradigm of modern anti-crisis management of the country's economy. The need to develop a unified state strategy based on the use of the provisions of the theory of security and the theory of crises, the principles of harmonious and innovative development of regions in the conditions of technoglobalism is substantiated.

Запрос на перемены и инновационное развитие регионального пространства Юга России

Introduction. The relevance of the research related to the need to transition to an innovative strategy for the development of the southern Russian region is substantiated, and the task is set to determine the possibility of innovative development of the regional space of the South of Russia from the standpoint of the formed request for changes in the mass consciousness of the regional society. Methods. The empirical base of the study includes a number of sources of representative nature of the All-Russian and regional scale of the Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Law Faculty of the Russian Academy of Sciences, individual research teams and scientists in the field of studying regional processes occurring in the South of Russia, as well as the results of the author's expert survey (Republic of Crimea, N=43), which was attended by representatives of regional and local authorities; scientific and educational institutions; public organizations and NGOs; business community, entrepreneurship; religious organizations and the media. Results and their discussion. In the South of Russia, as in Russia as a whole, a request for change has been formed, which, on the one hand, taking into account the acute social problems facing the country, can be recognized as a request for innovation, however, the vector of the innovative request of the regional society, as well as the entire Russian people, is not focused on cardinal changes, but it is associated with a focus on stability and order. The basis of the latter is social justice, however, its provision in society is associated with strong power, i.e. the regional community does not yet see itself as a subject of innovative transformations. The demand for changes formed on the part of society is not combined with the state interests and goals of innovative development of regions, as well as socio-cultural and institutional resources and conditions for their implementation. In these conditions, the innovative development of the regional space of the South of Russia is fragmented, point-based and not focused on the entire South Russian region.