Innovative Development Of Region Research Articles

Prospects for innovative development of donor regions and subsidized subjects of the Russian Federation

In the works of domestic and foreign authors it is noted that in modern conditions innovations determine the vector of development of territories. Also, the most important condition for the development of regions is the sufficiency of the necessary resources to ensure positive dynamics of economic growth. To date, most regional budgets are characterized by the need for subsidized contributions, since their incomes do not cover the amount of necessary expenses. Within the framework of the study, using econometric models, the features of the formation of the gross regional product under the influence of financing the innovative development of subsidized and non–subsidized entities were analyzed. The results of the study showed that in the donor subjects there is a stronger relationship between the costs of innovation and the value of the gross regional product. The results of the study have high theoretical and practical significance and can be used in regional planning.

Regional development of Kazakhstan based on “Smart Specialization” model

In the conditions of increasing competition in the technological sector of the economy and the intensification of innovation, innovative management tools are needed to facilitate the effective planning, organization, stimulation and control of the introduction and implementation of innovations in the resource regions of Kazakhstan. Consequently, new scientific approaches are required to manage the innovative development of the commodity region, which will increase the effectiveness of regional socio-economic systems.Currently, an advanced tool in the field of determining the territories of cluster localization is the model of “smart specialization”, which is a special scientific approach to the formation of regional clusters. The “smart specialization” model emphasizes the need to search for and select such spheres of activity which are capable of making the maximum contribution to the socio-economic development of the region by supporting and stimulating innovative research and development in the identified spheres of regional specialization. An important condition for regional economic progress is the identification of potential poles of innovative growth in the region based on the analysis of its own potential and best international practices. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the priority areas and develop methods, tools for managing the innovative development of resource regions of Kazakhstan on the basis of the model of “smart specialization” to create a new quality of economic growth of territories. The article analyzes the scientific literature and substantiates the priority, the effectiveness of applying the “smart specialization” model to the process of innovative development of the resource region. The methodological approaches (methodological principles, conditions, criteria, scenario variants, algorithm) of formation of rapidly developing sectors of economy of raw material region on the model of “smart specialization” are specified. The authors of the article specify the methodological tools, which will allow to carry out the choice of the most promising technologies for the formation of rapidly developing sectors of the economy of the commodity region.

ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ СЕВЕРА-ЗАПАДНОГО РЕГИОНА РОССИИ

Currently, the need for innovation is fully recognized by entrepreneurs, politicians and public sector managers. Innovations are based on certain opportunities that are formed by the leadership of the regions. In this regard, there is a need to assess these opportunities, assess the current state of innovative development of regions, since assessment is part of any management process. The purpose of this study is to analyze the innovation activity of the North-Western region of the Russian Federation: to identify the dynamics, to analyze the structure of the region in terms of costs and output of innovative goods and services, to identify links between indicators.

Driving effect of fiscal policy on regional innovation efficiency

This study uses a network data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to measure phased innovation efficiency to explore how fiscal technology innovation policy drives the development of regional innovation. A game model is constructed that includes governments, enterprises, universities, and research institutes to explain the influence mechanism. The innovation process is decomposed into the transformation stage of scientific research results and their commercial application. A Tobit model is used to explain the effect of fiscal policy on innovation efficiency. These methods led to novel conclusions: (1) the growth rate of innovation efficiency in the first stage is greater with smaller regional differences, with larger regional differences in innovation efficiency in the second stage; (2) the intensity of fiscal R&D funding in science and technology has a significant positive effect on overall innovation efficiency and phased innovation efficiency; and (3) the positive effect of fiscal R&D funding is greater on the commercial application of scientific achievements. The targeting effect of fiscal innovation policy on industry–university research (IUR) cooperation needs to be improved through resource sharing, joint participation, sharing of achievements, and risk sharing.

РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ЭКОСИСТЕМЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Regional innovation ecosystem – a set of institutions located in the territory, which determine the level of regional innovation development and its scientific, technical and industrial specialization. Elements of the innovation system are formed, mainly, evolutionarily, depending on the conditions for the development of the territory. The article makes a historical analysis of the factors that form the elements of the ecosystem at the regional level, making the main contribution to the overall potential of the Russian economy. The features of the development of innovative ecosystems of large cities, as well as specialized regional entities (technopolises, academic campuses, technology-innovative zones) are highlighted. Based on statistical data, it is shown that there is a relationship between the saturation of the innovation ecosystem with the main elements and the level of innovation activity in the region. The authors raise questions about the criteria that determine the specialization of regions in terms of innovation development, about the necessary level of sovereignty of ecosystems, and the mechanisms of interaction between regions.

Institution of Regional Strategies in The Russian Innovation System

The purpose of the article is to identify the features and problems specific to regional innovation strategies in Russia. The regional innovation strategy is to be interpreted as a formal institution designed to intensify innovation activity in the regional economy. The success of the strategy implementation depends on institutional and resource factors, including those at a higher, federal level. But this does not eliminate the issue of the regional innovation strategy optimal design (formulation, construction). The paper presents a brief overview of research on regional innovation development in Russia. Six regions (Kurgan region, city of Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod region, Novosibirsk region, Republic of Tatarstan, Rostov region) were selected for in-depth analysis of the innovation strategies content. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the comparison of the results of the regional innovation strategies analysis and the results of the analysis of regional innovation activities narratives expressed by the Russian innovation system actors. Regional innovation development strategies are aimed at solving the innovation development problems that have been identified by policy makers. However, these problems are also reflected in the studied before narratives of the Russian innovation system actors. The paper summarizes these problems and identifies some of the features specific to the regional innovation strategies of the selected regions.

Spatial Correlation Network Structure and Influencing Factors of Two-Stage Green Innovation Efficiency: Evidence from China

With the continuous progress in global sustainable development, green innovation has become the primary driving force for the development of all countries and regions. China has implemented the strategy of constructing a cross-regional green innovation network. As the spatial correlation network structure of green innovation efficiency is complicated, it is necessary to study the change rules of the network structure to coordinate regional green and innovative development. In this paper, the Super-NSBM model is used to calculate the values of two-stage green innovation efficiency of China’s industrial enterprises from 2006 to 2019. Social network analysis is used to explore the rule of changes and causes of the spatial correlation network of two-stage green innovation efficiency. Our findings are as follows. Green innovation efficiency in the two stages presents the relationship of a non-adjacent complex network, and the network of green innovation and R&D efficiency is closely interconnected. Strong hierarchical correlation breaks down when searching for the best spatial configuration relationship. The transformation efficiency of the networked cooperation of green innovation achievements is stable. In the spatial correlation of green innovation and R&D efficiency, Guangdong, Shandong, Beijing, Jiangsu and Zhejiang are at the center of the network. In the spatial correlation of transformation efficiency of green innovation achievements, Shandong, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Henan and Hubei are in the center. The northern coastal areas fall within the scope of green innovation and R&D spillover has and have a close cooperation with the green innovation spillover plate in the southern coastal areas, making green innovation achievements spill over to the Chengdu-Chongqing region and northern region. The cooperation and connection of green innovation activities conform to the rule of geographical proximity. Environmental regulation and marketization are characterized by “hierarchy”, but the economic level is “non-hierarchical”. The government can implement relevant green innovation policies according to local characteristics. Our findings are of great significance to narrow regional green innovation gaps.

Does Industry-University-Research Cooperation Matter? An Analysis of Its Coupling Effect on Regional Innovation and Economic Development

Does Industry-University-Research Cooperation Matter? An Analysis of Its Coupling Effect on Regional Innovation and Economic Development

Differentiation of regional innovative development in Russia

Subject. The innovation activity of entrepreneurial structures within certain regional economic systems and its significant impact on the gross regional product. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the innovative activity of entrepreneurial structures and the effectiveness of the regional economy. Methods. Statistical methods and linear predictive models were used. Results. It was proved that the growth in the volume of innovative goods, works, services, as well as the costs of innovative activities of organizations is accompanied by an increase in GRP. The revealed relationship between these factors is of the same type, unidirectional and linear, characterized by a high degree of significance and reliability. However, there is no statistically significant relationship between the specific weight of enterprises engaged in innovative activities and the value of GRP. Conclusions. Dependence of gross regional product on innovation costs requires increased investment in technological modernization of production.

Major aspects of interregional transfer of breeding/seed innovations with export potential

Purpose. To study and rationalize the main aspects of interregional transfer of breeding/plant innovations with export potential, of synergistic interaction between science, education and commodity production for more rapid innovative development of the country's regions.
 Material and methods. The study methods were dialectical, abstract-logical, monographic, computational/constructional, economic-statistical, graphic modeling and others. The study was based on the Laws of Ukraine, regulations and guidelines on market relations in the agrarian sector and seed production; statistical data and reports of basic farms of the institute.
 Results and discussion. For timely transfer of more adapted varieties, hybrids and parental components to production, we analyzed the numbers of accessions bred at the PPI nd.a. V.Ya. Yuriev NAAS in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine in 2021. As a result, we found that in 2021 the number of the major crop accessions bred at the Institute decreased by 15 compared to 2017, while during these years most breeding innovations were in demand from grain producers.
 That is, there is no urgent need to create as many new varieties as possible, and the implementation of breeding innovations into production is gradual, with due account for producers’ wishes and the market changes. In particular, the most competitive winter wheat varieties were Rozkishna, Shulyndinka, Harmonika, Zapashna, Doskonala, and Zdobna; variety Stoir and hybrids Saturn and Yupiter were the most competitive rye accessions; Ad 256, Amos, Nikanor and Buket were the most competitive winter triticale varieties.
 Analysis of the average sales of winter crop seeds of first generations in 2017–2021 indicated their gradual overproduction, as only 60–85% of these seeds were sold.
 Regarding the production and sales of spring cereals, legumes and groats crops, we learnt that pea, millet and spring barley varieties were in the greatest demand from users of grain products (the sale percentage was 74%, 69%, and 60%, respectively). The most competitive pea varieties were Oplot and Haiduk; Modern, Avhur, and Ahrarii were the most competitive spring barley varieties; Spadshchyna and Uliublena were the most competitive spring wheat varieties; Konstantynivske, Vitrylo, and Kozatske were the most competitive millet varieties.
 Conclusions. Thus, the results of the study for the period of 2017–2021 proved the feasibility of timely transfer of breeding/plant innovations with export potential (varieties, hybrids and parental components), which is important for scientific justification of seed production volumes for each generation and is a reference point for creating more profitable varieties and hybrids.

Innovation-digital direction of the development in the context of the regional asymmetry

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the directions of state regulation of the processes of information and digital development, which will contribute to the reduction of the processes of differentiation of the development of regional economic systems. The study used an institutional approach that allows with a high degree of subordination, logic and consistency to study the diverse phenomena and processes associated with innovation and digital development, to take into account not only changes in formal and informal institutions, but also changes in global economic processes. self-identification of regions. The tools of state regulation of innovation and digital development of the regions should be singled out. The role and importance of informal institutions of innovation and digital development of regions are outlined. Direct and indirect methods of supporting scientific, technical and innovative activities are identified. The necessity of formation of strategic directions of innovation and digital development of regions is proved.

Government Support for Universities: Regional Coverage

The aim of the study is to assess the degree of involvement of various Russian regions in the implementation of governmental projects for university support, which is essential for the balanced development of national higher education system and the spatial development of the country as a whole. The task of effectively using the research and educational potential of universities for the development of particular regions is currently being under realization in many countries, including Russia, which determines the relevance of this study. The analysis is based on the quadrant distribution of national regions in the Federal State Statistics Service Rankings 2018 on regional GDP, the Regional Innovation Development Rankings 2018–2019, issued by the Higher School of Economics. We compared universities located in regions with similar characteristics of their economic development, and assessed the impact of 11 major governmental projects for university support, which have been implemented or continue since 2006. The study is targeted at tracking correlations between the regional distribution of universities supported by these projects, the amounts of funding, and the scales of innovation and economic development of the regions. We conclude that at present, in comparison with previous periods, a more balanced approach is being taken to the selection of universities-participants of such government projects from the point of view of their location in regions with different characteristics. At the same time, the distribution of financial support points to the existing serious gaps between the leading and other universities.

Conceptual Foundations of Evaluation and Forecasting of Innovative Development of Regions

The authors propose to assess and forecast the innovative development of regions using an improved methodological approach, which consists of substantiating statistical indicators of the innovative development, which are verified by correlation analysis (thereby avoiding autocorrelation between indicators of the innovative development of regions). Verification of the evaluation indicators makes it possible to determine the impact factors and the most influential indicators according to the integrated index of the innovative development of regions. Using the Bartlett method for modelling and making predictions makes it possible to take into consideration the impact of the most influential indicators on the values of the integral index, as well as to adjust the predicted values of the integral index. The calculated and forecasted integrated index of the innovative development of regions can be used by local authorities to develop measures that aim to intensify the innovative development of regions, taking into account the most influential factors for each region. The proposed methodological approach for estimating and forecasting the integrated index of the innovative development of regions was tested on the example of Polish voivodeships. To permit a more detailed consideration of the results obtained, three voivodeships, Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Pomeranian and Swiętokrzyskie, were studied and compared. The results showed that these voivodeships have different values on the integrated index, which can be attributed to different regions having different levels of innovation development. The most influential factors also differ for each of the regions.

EVALUATION OF REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPABILITY: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON MAJOR METROPOLITAN AREAS IN TAIWAN

Establishing an analytical structure to classify proper criteria and identify the relative importance among them in different cities or municipalities for selection and resource allocations of government-sponsored regional innovation is crucial. In this paper, we construct an index system through the subject views of experts to evaluate regional scientific and technological innovation capabilities and collect empirical data to compare the six special municipalities in Taiwan by employing a hybrid CFPR-VIKOR approach. The research results show that a structural evaluation system is a basis for regional innovation policy. The need for fundamental data and regional resources assessments is apparent, and the role of the central government needs to be adapted to rapid changes. Through the design and adjustment of the regulatory system, decision-makers can decide how to allocate resources and further contribute to the development of regional innovation. We demonstrate that our approach can be extended to the regional innovation policies in the public sector.

New regional industrial path development and innovation networks in times of economic crisis

ABSTRACT This paper presents novel research on how exogenous shocks and economic crises affect innovation, knowledge networks, and new path development in regions. Conceptually, we take a regional innovation systems perspective which views new path development as the outcome of innovation and knowledge exchange between firms and other actors, facilitated by a common institutional framework. Empirically, we draw on interviews and network data from the oil and gas industry in southern Norway. Following a long period of prosperity, the industry was hit by the oil price shock in 2014 and entered an economic crisis. The findings suggest that the shock triggered the firms to commit even more forcefully to innovation and to expand their knowledge networks geographically. To cope with the crisis, they applied a variety of strategies, which can be associated with different forms of path development. We draw conclusions for innovation policy in the context of exogenous shocks and crises.

ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ ЭКОНОМИКИ РОССИИ В DIGITAL-СРЕДЕ

The article examines the foreign and domestic experience in assessing the innovative development of countries and regions. The problems of the development of innovative activity in Russia are analyzed. The dynamics of world indicators based on the data of the World Bank is considered. The analysis of the state of the innovation component in the Russian economy is made, the dependence of changes in the volume of high-tech products on the internal costs of its development and implementation in the Russian GDP is stated, and the resulting pair regression model is evaluated for significance. The calculation showed a close connection between the variables and the efficiency of investment in innovation. Checking the model according to Fisher's criterion and Student's criterion showed its high quality, which indicates the possibility of its further use to predict the volume of production of high-tech products in Russia.

University Technology Transfer and the Contribution of University Spin-offs in Stimulating the Socio-economic Development of Regions

Abstract The commercialization and dissemination of knowledge technologies developed in academia have increased the attention of policy makers as strategic components to support regional socio-economic and innovative development. The emerging models of the third and fourth university missions underline the critical function of commercializing the results of academic research, innovation and entrepreneurship for the growth and competitiveness of regional areas. This study aims to investigate, both from a theoretical and empirical point of view, the role of university spin-offs as a contribution to the socio-economic and innovative development of the regions in which they are located. To this end, the contributor analyzes a longitudinal sample of 952 university spin-offs located in 20 Italian administrative regions. The results from the empirical analysis show that the knowledge and technological production of the university spin-out process generate an affective and active role in the regional context, stimulating it innovative capacities and supporting their socio-economic development. JEL classification numbers: M21, O30, O32. Keywords: University technology transfer, University spin-offs, Regional economic development, Regional innovation.

Digital Economy, R&D Investment, and Regional Green Innovation—Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data in China

The digital economy plays an important role in promoting regional green innovation. Based on the panel data of 30 provincial administrative regions in mainland China (except Tibet) from 2011 to 2018, this paper constructs a comprehensive development index of the digital economy and explores the potential path of the digital economy affecting regional green innovation through factor analysis and regression analysis. The results show the following: Firstly, the digital economy can effectively promote regional green innovation capability. The causal relationship is mainly realized through scientific research funds and human resources. Secondly, in terms of regional heterogeneity, the role of the digital economy in promoting green innovation and R&D investment in eastern China is stronger than that in central and western China. Thirdly, further analysis showed that the digital economy has a significant nonlinear influence on regional green innovation capability. This feature is mainly reflected in the influence of R&D personnel on regional green innovation. Therefore, the rational allocation of R&D resources is conducive to the development of regional green innovation. Finally, it is suggested to improve the two mechanisms of R&D funds and personnel investment to actuate regional green innovation development.

Smart specialisation and INGOs in implementing the regional innovation development policy: legal and economic aspects

The development of states and regions based on innovation and knowledge is the main direction in the modern economy and law. The article discusses the main provisions of the European agenda for the strategy of «smart specialization», tools and experience of its implementation. The directions for the development of regional strategies for «smart specialization» in the EU and Moldova are determined. The important role of International Non-governmental organizations is in promoting sustainable development and regional economical development. They play an important role in the formation and implementation of democratic structures. They also play a serious role in economic development and promotion of innovations. The article concluded that the introduction of the smart specialization methodology in the regions of Moldova will have a positive effect on harmonizing the structure of the economy in accordance with the global challenge of accelerating technological development, if lessons from European practice are taken into account, such as the integration of regional innovation ecosystems into interregional and international context, strict consideration of local specifics and competitive advantages, which is achieved in close cooperation with the business community.

Regional innovation ability and its inequality: Measurements and dynamic decomposition

To bridge the research gap regarding the inequality of innovation ability, this paper proposes a more reasonable proxy indicator of research and development capital, applying the concentration index to quantify the inequality of regional innovation ability based on the regional economic levels in China and to dynamically decompose changes of regional innovation ability inequality. The study reveals that China's innovation ability has gradually improved, accompanied by significant regional agglomeration effects and widening regional gaps. The findings indicate that inequality of regional innovation ability in China remains high, and the correlation between the regional innovation ability and economic development level has increased. Improvement in the degree of synergy between regional economic development is conducive to alleviating the inequality of regional innovation ability, and cumulative innovation ability effects, particularly the scale factor, exacerbate the inequality of regional innovation ability. This research has important practical significance for policymakers and researchers seeking approaches to investigate and promote effective the coordinated development of regional innovation and improve the overall quality and efficiency of innovation ability.