Initial Project Research Articles

Health Risk Assessment of Gaseous Pollutants in the Ambient Environment of Rayong City, Thailand: The Initiative of the EEC Area

The Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) project initiative has an adverse impact on the increasing problem of air pollution. This research aims to determine ambient NO2, O3, and SO2 levels in the industrial area (IT) and urban area (UB) in Rayong city as part of a health risk assessment from 2018 to 2020. The average NO2, O3, and SO2 concentrations at IT site were ranged from 23.5–24.7 μg/m3, 42.7–56.7 μg/m3, and 12.5–14.0 μg/m3, while those at UB site were 14.8–20.7 μg/m3, 42.5–68.3 μg/m3, and 3.2–4.7 μg/m3, respectively. Their concentrations in dry season were higher than those in wet season at both IT and UB sites. The days in the IT site exceeded the daily WHO guideline of NO2 was 34.8–44.0%, while those in the UB site were 10.8–34.5%. The hazard quotient (HQ) values for a non-carcinogenic risk to human health caused by NO2 exposure indicated a medium hazard (HQ = 1.1–10.0), whereas the HQ values for SO2 and O3 indicated a negligible risk (HQ < 1.0). The total non-carcinogenic risk (HI) from air pollutants contamination being exposed concurrently, on the other hand, indicated risk levels that are likely to affect health, particularly children. Therefore, environmental management and protection in Rayong city are important for people who live in industrial and urban areas, especially during dry period.

Comparison of surgeon and pathologist total mesorectal excision grade after rectal cancer resection: A single institution analysis.

A Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative Colorectal Cancer Project initiative sought to increase adoption of surgeon total mesorectal excision (TME) grading through standardized education and synoptic operative reporting. Our study aim was to assess initiative impact and level of agreement between surgeon and pathologist-determined TME grades. This is a retrospective comparison of surgeon and pathologist TME grades before and after initiative implementation using a prospectively maintained enhanced recovery colorectal surgery database. There were 112 TMEs before, and 53 TMEs following initiative implementation. There was a significant increase in surgeon TME-grade reporting in the postinitiative period (25.0% pre- vs. 81.1% post-, p < 0.001). Pathologist TME-grade reporting was high in both time periods and there was no significant change (91.1% pre- vs. 88.7% post-, p = 0.84). Surgeon and pathologist agreement was 59.3% in the preinitiative period (Κ"minimal" 0.356) and 65.0% in the postinitiative period (Κ"moderate" = 0.605, p = 0.827). There was no significant association between clinical T-stage and surgeon or pathologist TME grade. Surgeon TME grading improves with education and synoptic operative reporting. There is only moderate agreement between surgeon and pathologist, a finding that requires further study. Organized regional initiatives are effective at implementing rectal cancer management quality improvement.

Data Archive for the BRAIN Initiative (DABI)

Data sharing is becoming ubiquitous and can be advantageous for most biomedical research. However, some data are inherently more amenable to sharing than others. For example, human intracranial neurophysiology recordings and associated multimodal data have unique features that warrant special considerations. The associated data are heterogeneous, difficult to compare, highly specific, and collected from small cohorts with treatment resistant conditions, posing additional complications when attempting to perform generalizable analyses across projects. We present the Data Archive for the BRAIN Initiative (DABI) and describe features of the platform that are designed to overcome these and other challenges. DABI is a data repository and portal for BRAIN Initiative projects that collect human and animal intracranial recordings, and it allows users to search, visualize, and analyze multimodal data from these projects. The data providers maintain full control of data sharing privileges and can organize and manage their data with a user-friendly and intuitive interface. We discuss data privacy and security concerns, example analyses from two DABI datasets, and future goals for DABI.

Initiation, marketing and branding of smart city projects: a study of decision processes

ABSTRACT Today, smart city areas and initiatives are found throughout the world, yet little research has been completed into the processes whereby decisions concerning the initiation, marketing, and branding of smart city projects have been taken. The present study examined these processes via interviews with 18 smart city managers, followed by an online World Café which was convened to discuss emerging issues. Interviewees were asked to relate stories of how decisions had been reached, which stakeholders had been prioritised, the extent of citizen co-creation in project initiation and branding, and the main difficulties involved. An argumentative narrative discourse methodology was employed to analyse the interview transcripts, which revealed a number of disparities between the suggestions of extant place branding literature and current practice where smart city projects were concerned.

Integrating western science with MĀori knowledge to understand changes in sedimentation and water quality in Ōhiwa Harbour, Aotearoa New Zealand: A global outreach initiative project update

Limnology and Oceanography BulletinVolume 32, Issue 1 p. 11-12 ASLO Global Outreach Initiative Integrating western science with MĀori knowledge to understand changes in sedimentation and water quality in Ōhiwa Harbour, Aotearoa New Zealand: A global outreach initiative project update Andrew D. La Croix, Andrew D. La Croix alacroix@waikato.ac.nz School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this authorBen Stewart, Ben Stewart School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this authorKura Paul-Burke, Kura Paul-Burke School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this authorKarin Bryan, Karin Bryan School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this author Andrew D. La Croix, Andrew D. La Croix alacroix@waikato.ac.nz School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this authorBen Stewart, Ben Stewart School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this authorKura Paul-Burke, Kura Paul-Burke School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this authorKarin Bryan, Karin Bryan School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New ZealandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 03 February 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/lob.10553Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume32, Issue1February 2023Pages 11-12 RelatedInformation

Assembly process based on supply chain management of prefabricated houses using BIM

The assembly of modular containers using building information modelling (BIM) technologies was studied. The purpose of this study was to analyse the literature on prefabricated (prefab) houses and explore the concept of creating a digital prototype of a building based on Huoshenshan hospital using Autodesk Revit software. This hospital was constructed to treat Covid-19 patients in early 2020. The article describes the methodology of installing modular containers and assembly structures using BIM technologies for rapid construction. The results of this study showed that building object implementation depends directly on a proper model with a step-by-step mechanism for installation. Due to the supply of prefab structures at the construction site, both initial project cost and project time can be reduced. Prefab house technology demonstrated the high efficiency of using BIM technology in the assembly of Huoshenshan hospital, which was constructed in 10 days. The need for information modelling data exchange with modern technology and systems, which allows the team to become acquainted with the project before installation work starts at the construction site, is investigated.

Crowdfunding from friends: Tie strength and embeddedness

Crowdfunding is a useful channel for new or inexperienced “rookie” entrepreneurs to solicit funding for their projects. This study examines the individual funding decisions arising from the heterogeneity in the tie strength and embeddedness of the dyadic relationships between social media friends and rookie project initiators (PIs). Using integrated crowdfunding-social media data, we find that friends' funding likelihood increases with a stronger tie or greater embeddedness, whereas friends' funding amount only increases with greater embeddedness. We further find early evidence that the effect of tie strength on the friend's funding decision is sensitive to the evaluation of project success potential, whereas that of embeddedness is less so. Moreover, embeddedness, but not tie strength, contributes to the project's funding success. The findings run counter to the prevailing view of strong ties in crowdfunding while shedding new light on the persistently supportive role of embedded ties.

The consequences of face-threatening feedback on innovators' psychological safety, affect, and willingness to engage in future innovation projects.

While there is substantial research on how firms successfully end project initiatives deemed unsuitable for them very few studies focus on how leaders and managers communicate termination messages. Drawing from politeness theory and organizational support theory we explore the impact termination messages varying in face sensitivity have on innovators' feelings of psychological safety, affect, and their willingness to continue to innovate We find that face-threatening messages significantly and negatively affect innovators' psychological safety, affect, and willingness to further innovate. The negative effects are amplified when innovators feel high commitment to their projects.

World and domestic practice of integrated development of rural areas: perspectives of the territorial approach

Relevance and novelty of the work. The article discusses approaches to supporting rural areas in the countries of the European Union, provides examples of areas for supporting rural areas in different periods. An overview of the objectives of the Common Agricultural Policy in the European Union from the 1950s to the present is presented. Researchers note unsatisfactory living conditions in rural areas of Russia, a large territorial differentiation of the quality of life. The authors reveal the main mechanisms of the integrated development of rural areas in the Russian Federation. Based on the analysis of the modern socioeconomic situation of rural areas in Russia and foreign practice, they consider the potential opportunities for rural development in the future and the feasibility of diversifying the rural economy for the sustainable development of rural areas in Russia; give proposals for urgent actions that contribute to the formation of an active position of the population in rural development and the massive involvement of the rural community in activities aimed at the integrated development of rural areas. Objective. Based on the analysis of the agricultural policy of the European Union and the current socio-economic situation of rural areas in Russia, develop proposals for involving the rural community in the development of initiative projects within the framework of the Departmental target program "Modern appearance of rural areas" and for their implementation. Propose topical directions for diversification of the rural economy as a mechanism for an integrated approach to the development of rural areas. Materials and research methods. The materials of our own research, regulatory documents, scientifi c publications, the Internet were used. In the course of the study, general scientific methods were used: monographic, analysis, comparison. Research results. Proposed and substantiated activities aimed at attracting the rural community to the implementation of initiative projects within the framework of the Departmental target program "Modern appearance of rural areas", on the development of new types of economic activities for the socio-economic development of rural areas, preserving the rural population, improving their quality of life and intensifi cation of the process of counter-urbanization.

Analysis of text factors impacting donation behavior in public welfare crowdfunding projects

BACKGROUND: The textual description of a public service crowdfunding project is an important factor influencing the audience’s donation behavior, but the existing studies on the textual characteristics of the project are rather scattered. OBJECTIVE: This paper attempts to systematically sort out the characteristics of project texts along the lines of linguistic and non-linguistic factors, clarifying the relationship between the characteristics of project texts, project sources, and social donation behavior. METHODS: Based on Aristotle’s persuasion theory, language factors are measured from three dimensions of appeal to personality, appeal to logic, and appeal to emotion, while other text features unrelated to persuasive language are classified as non-language factors. When discussing the influence path of linguistic and non-linguistic factors on donation behavior, this paper controls the project type to test the moderating role played by the identity characteristics of crowdfunding initiators. RESULTS: The results show that the use of personality-based language (third-person words), logic-based language (money words and quantitative words), and emotion-based language (tone of voice and negative emotions) all have a significant positive effect on the audience’s donation behavior, while the use of second-person words in personality-based language has a negative effect on donation behavior; the identity of the project initiator (project origin) plays a complex and diverse moderating role in the influence of project text features on donation behavior. CONCLUSION: There are obvious differences in the description of different text strategies adopted by the project initiator.

How typical is your project? The need for a no-model approach for information management in AEC

This paper discusses the merit of using a no-model approach (no common product models or ontologies, etc.) for managing information in the AEC. It proposes an option for such an approach through the generation and analysis of semantic and social networks of communication between project stakeholders. The proposed approach advocates for a bottom-up discovery of knowledge constructs from stakeholder communication. Knowledge constructs are mini two-mode networks containing, on the one hand, clusters of concepts that appear frequently in the semantic networks of stakeholder communication; and, on the other hand, the social networks of stakeholders discussing these concepts. Using common models (such as IFC) has several limitations, including inflexibility to recognize and accommodate project contexts (which vary constantly), inability to timely capture the emergence of knowledge, and the scope creep problem (the ever-existing need to add more concepts to the common model from within and outside ACE domain). The no-model approach presented here is meant to complement and not replace the established model-based approach. This approach is built on the belief in the ontological agency of project stakeholders: knowledge is a social phenomenon that emerges through interactions between people. It advocates a shift from a top-down format where experts or standards clearinghouses tell (force) practitioners what should be true about their project. In every project, stakeholders customize (the structure of) established knowledge and adopt elements from emerging knowledge to address project-specific needs. They use the more superior intelligence (the human one) to innovate a ‘model of what they know’ to guide the management of the project in a manner specific to its context. By studying projects’ communication, we tell (inform) project stakeholders what knowledge constructs can be found in their communication. Unlike generic/static models, the resulting knowledge constructs are by default sensitive to project conditions. We should re-design our information management systems to be able to recognize and adaptively use the constructs established by project teams to facilitate their sharing of data (along with the established scheme, such as IFC). Relatedly used constructs can be nominated as AEC-wide prototype constructs, representing what we know about a typical project. At the initiation of a new project, these can be the starting scheme used by information and communication systems. As the project evolves and the project's own constructs are generated, the project-specific constructs should guide the flow of information. Contrasting project constructs against prototypes should inform the stakeholders of not only what is factual about their view/model of knowledge, but also how unique are they (from generic/base knowledge). This approach to no-model thinking is advantageous for several reasons. First, addressing the model rigidity problem. Because of the increasing complexity of projects, no single/standardized model can capture all contexts. Second, the increasing need for handling project unstructured data. The proposed approach helps formalize knowledge constructs from such data using network science. Third, recognizing and tracking the evolutionary nature of knowledge. Fourth, supporting innovation: instead of forcing knowers (people) to comply with a static model of reality, the new approach encourages them to imagine new possible futures/ worlds—after all, the true essence of digital twinning is to virtualize futures not just to digitize the present.

Evaluation of the Level of Variability of Niger Delta Community People’s Awareness and Knowledge of Chevron Regional Development Councils (RDCs) and Shell’s Cluster Development Boards (CDBs) Activities

The study's objectives were to evaluate the level of variability in community people's awareness and knowledge of Chevron Nigeria Limited (CNL) Regional Development Councils (RDCs) and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) Shell Cluster Development Boards (CDBs) and to determine whether the ascertained community people's awareness and knowledge have a significant impact on how well Multi-National Oil Corporations (MNOCs) development programmes are carried out in the host communities. Adopting the cross-sectional research design, the study surveyed 400 respondents from selected four states in the Niger Delta Oil Producing communities where RDCs and CDBs are operated. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, means, and percentages were used to describe the socio-demographic information and the research questions. Inferential statistical tools like the One-Way Analysis of Variance and regression analysis had been used to take a look at the formulated hypotheses for the study. The findings indicate no relevant difference among community people in their state of awareness of the RDCs and CDBs but that the host community’s people poor involvement in the RDCs and CDBs resulted from inadequate requisite knowledge of the activities of MNOCs in their communities. The study recommended that every decision-making and taking process involve in project initiation, execution and implementation should involve the host communities in order to earn the people’s trust and respect.

FAUST: Design and implementation of a pipelined RISC-V vector floating-point unit

In this paper, we present Faust, a pipelined FPU for vector processing-capable RISC-V core developed within the European Processor Initiative (EPI) project. Faust is based on the open-source multi-format floating-point architecture FPnew that was extended and redesigned to support the RISC-V Vector extension specification (RVV) 1.0 and the most recent IEEE 754-2019 FP standard. Faust is extensively tested, mature and configurable, enabling ease of integration, as will be demonstrated in the paper. Faust can produce two binary32 operations or one binary64 operation per clock cycle. We have also developed FPU-V, an update of the SoftFloat-based reference model as a critical part of the UVM-based universal and extensible FPU verification environment. Faust was integrated and taped out as part of Vitruvius, a RISC-V Vector Processing unit of the EPAC1.0, the first EPI Accelerator Test Chip in GlobalFoundries 22FDX technology, and was shown fully operational at a target frequency of 1 GHz.

‘Eradication was a dirty word’: Anti-gambiae campaign, between cooperation and rivalry (1938–1940)

ABSTRACT This article analyzes the efforts of the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation (IHDRF) in its project initiative that resulted in the extermination of the African mosquito Anopheles gambiae from Brazil in 1940. This species, which originated in Dakar, Senegal, was identified in the Brazilian city of Natal in 1930, where insufficient local emergency sanitation actions enabled it to spread into the interior of the Brazilian northeast, causing an unprecedented malaria epidemic in the Americas in 1938, after years of silent spread. We will analyse the formation of Brazil’s Malaria Service of the Northeast (MSNE), discussing its political and scientific controversies and how the transition from the idea of extermination to the idea of eradication was consolidated in the political process of creating this successful sanitation campaign. In addition, we will discuss how the integration and transnational development of medical entomology at the time was a fundamental factor in the cooperation and challenges among scientists involved in this campaign. The international cooperation of scientists, albeit oriented towards the project of eradication of this mosquito, organised different research agendas and gained new insights into the global dissemination of mosquito-borne diseases.

Practical Bookkeeping Techniques Using Malindo EZ Accounting for Karnival Niaga Project at Kolej Komuniti Selayang

The Karnival Niaga Project is part of the entrepreneurship module for students at Kolej Komuniti Selayang, Selangor, Malaysia. This project is carried out in the third semester before students undergo industrial internships. The project's initiative allows students to explore various types of businesses, with a primary focus on the food and beverage sector. After graduation, some graduates of this program choose to develop the businesses they initiated during the Karnival Niaga Project. However, challenges arise due to the lack of fundamental understanding of accounting during the project's execution. Understanding financial and accounting aspects is crucial for business growth, but this is not taught to the students. This is what prompted the outreach team from the Accounting Department of Politeknik Negeri Padang to conduct a community service activity titled "Practical Bookkeeping Techniques for Karnival Niaga Project." The goal of this activity is to provide a stronger understanding of basic accounting concepts to the participants of the Karnival Niaga Project so that they can manage their businesses more efficiently and sustainably. Participants in the training are given an understanding of common business transactions, such as initial investment activities, the purchase of fixed assets, the purchase of raw materials inventory, product sales, employee salary payments, and other company-related expenses. From this recorded series of transactions, journal reports, general ledgers, trial balances, balance sheets, and income statements can be generated. The presence of financial statements will help business owners assess their business performance, whether they have achieved their desired profits, whether the expenses incurred have been effective, and whether they can use this information as a basis for decision-making, such as setting sales targets or expanding their business.

Методический инструментарий оценки инвестиционного проекта по моделям FCFF и FCFE

Maintaining the competitiveness of enterprises is impossible without the implementation of investment projects. The current global situation, which requires enterprises to use modern solutions aimed at the Russian economy development in the face of sanctions dictates the necessity to develop investment activity. The study substantiates the need to develop methodological tools for evaluating an investment project. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and the systematization of the best practices, the author developed the most complete methodological toolkit for evaluating investment projects according to the FCFF and FCFE models, which allows increasing the assessment objectivity to make the most informed management decisions both on the part of an investment project initiator and on the part of an investor. The following key aspects formed the basis of the developed methodological toolkit for evaluating investment projects: checking a project for feasibility; reasonable choice of the discount rate taking into account a chosen model (FCFF or FCFE); taking into account the specifics of building a cash flow depending on the chosen model (FCFF or FCFE); the exclusion of “double counting”; correct accounting for inflation when forecasting cash flows; the compliance with the relevance principle when forecasting cash flows; taking into account risk and uncertainty when forecasting cash flows; the assessment of the investment project effectiveness; the analysis and assessment of risks from the perspective of various stakeholders (an initiator, an owner, a creditor, the state). The application of the proposed methodological toolkit will make it possible to take into account key aspects when forecasting cash flows, when choosing a discount rate, and when conducting an assessment, and thus will allow project initiators and owners to increase the investment portfolio efficiency due to the most objective assessment of projects.

Views of providers and clients on feedback and benefit sharing in studies using biological materials in Eldoret Kenya

Abstract Context: The use of biological materials raises diverse ethical concerns and there is insufficient research into the views of stakeholders on these concerns. Aims: This study investigated healthcare providers’ (HCPs) and clients’ perspectives on giving feedback about biological samples that are used in research and sharing of subsequent benefits. Settings and Design: Using a qualitative in-depth interviewing approach, this study investigated perspectives on feedback and benefit sharing in studies using biological materials. We engaged HCPs (doctors, clinical officers, nurses, and laboratory technicians) and clients from the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya. Methods and Material: Vignettes and open-ended questions were used, and all sessions were audio recorded, transcribed, then coded and summarized thematically. Results: We found no substantive differences between the perspectives of HCPs and clients. Participants desired that sample donors were provided with feedback and support for their healthcare. Community-level feedback and initiation of health development projects were viewed as valuable. Participants lauded the global dissemination of findings and sharing of benefits ensuing from the research. Conclusions: Healthcare providers and clients in Eldoret Kenya appreciate the use of biological materials in research. They believe in feedback and benefit sharing at individual and community levels, and in broad dissemination of the research findings. All research stakeholders should be encouraged to plan and implement contextualized dissemination of research findings. In addition, feedback on research findings and equitable benefit sharing should be strengthened. Key-words: Biological material, research ethics, research benefits, in-depth interviews, Kenya

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВІДРОДЖЕННЯ МОРСЬКИХ ПРИБЕРЕЖНИХ СПОЛУЧЕНЬ

Urban transport infrastructure considers the specifics of geographical location, climatic zones, specifics of industrial development, attraction to the areas of concentration and distribution of freight and passenger flows. The National transport strategy of Ukraine for the period up to year 2030 highlights the need to expand the availability of transport services by implementing regional mobility projects based on the use of advanced technologies. Urban traffic includes various kinds of transport, which provides passenger and cargo transportation in cities, settlements and suburban areas. Urban transport is categorized to passenger, commercial and special-purpose vehicles. Passenger transport is a public transport, which includes street and off-street types. In this research, the focus is concentrated on a systemic image of the location and potential use of coastal marine passenger transport as a variant of off-street public transport types. On the basis of statistical data, the assessment of the main factors that characterize the needs for mass passenger transportation is given. It is shown that: according to the population density indicator Odessa takes the first place among the largest cities of Ukraine; with a relatively stable number of population there is an intensive increase in its mobility. As for the factor of the industry affiliation, the Odessa Commercial Sea Port has been the city-forming enterprise since its foundation up to the present time, and sea transport plays a decisive role in the life of the entire City. The general structure of the urban passenger transport in its composition of street and off-street types of public and private use at the present time is detailed. It is defined that the existing problems in the transport situation, as well as the fully open market of coastal maritime connections create conditions for the initiation and implementation of appropriate projects. Such projects targeting is aimed at: reducing the traffic intensity on the main routes of traditional street types of urban transport; ensuring fast and comfortable passenger transportation; improving the environmental situation by taking part of the traffic flow outside of city, limits and cleaner gasoline engines atmosphere emissions, as well as with the maintaining and enhancing the tourist component.Keywords: urban transport, off-street transport, maritime coastal connections, project management.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЕЙ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ: ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННЫЕ И МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОЦЕНКИ УРОВНЯ ЗРЕЛОСТИ ЭКОСИСТЕМЫ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ИНТЕРНЕТА ВЕЩЕЙ

In the article, the authors reveal the directions of solving the problem of forming effective methodological support for the digital transformation management system of industrial enterprises. The main focus of the work is on the development of the enterprise’s management system and digital infrastructure based on Industry 4.0 technologies in a high-risk environment and uncertainty. The study presents a methodology for assessing the level of digital maturity of an industrial enterprise and its infrastructure built on the basis of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The developed author’s methodology includes a system of criteria for assessing the level of digital maturity, a mathematical model and a system of recommendation characteristics of the values obtained based on the evaluation results. Based on the results of the evaluation system, it is possible to conduct a comparative analysis of the level of digital maturity of the infrastructure and infrastructure of selected business entities. The model can also be used to analyze and make management decisions about the initiation of IoT projects and the allocation of resources between strategic projects of digital transformation of an industrial enterprise. The developed mathematical model is a point-based one. IoT projects that form the digital infrastructure of enterprises have been selected as objects of digital transformation research. The novelty of the research lies in the development of a methodology for assessing the maturity level of the IoT infrastructure in the digital transformation project management system to improve the efficiency of project management processes. The main purpose of this research is to develop tools to support the management decision-making process in the digital transformation project management system. The proposed developments can be applied to the management of projects for the digital transformation of industrial enterprises and the development of IoT infrastructure. When developing a methodology for assessing the level of digital maturity and infrastructure built on the basis of IoT technologies, system analysis methods such as analysis and synthesis, expert method and mathematical modeling were used. Their complex combination made it possible to work out all the elements of the methodology, as well as to systematize the composition of the evaluation criteria, taking into account the qualitative and quantitative reflection of the characteristics of the digital infrastructure.

Manuel Murillo Toro (1816—1880) — Leader of the Colombian Radicals: a Historical Portrait

Manuel Murillo Toro (1816—1880) belonged to the galaxy of prominent political figures of Colombia of the XIX century. Politician, statesman, journalist, economist, diplomat, parliamentarian, during the years of the “Radical Olympus” twice president of the country (1864—1866, 1872—1874). The leader of the radical wing of the Colombian liberals (golgots), who carried out cardinal political, economic and social transformations that went down in the history of the country as the revolution of the 1850s — XIX centuries. An implacable defender of democratic, liberal and civic values and freedoms. Murillo’s main political slogan is just peace and general prosperity. He is a supporter of republican forms of government based on the principles of federalism. His views were formed under the influence of philosophical, economic, political and utopian ideas that dominated world social thought at that time. He is the author and initiator of many important reforms and projects, such as the abolition of slavery and the death penalty, tax reform, separation of church and state, universal suffrage, the introduction of jury trials, freedom of the press, speech, the most radical project of agrarian reform and many others. His tolerance in matters of religion ensured him the respect of the Catholic clergy, his patriotic activities as head of state gave a powerful impetus to the material progress of the country, and adherence to the letter of the law and constitutional norms won the support and recognition of his associates. He did not leave behind monumental works, memoirs. The main views of Murillo are reflected in his articles decrees, messages to Congress and the government. In modern Colombian historiography, the life and work of this prominent Colombian politician continues to be the focus of attention of Colombian researchers. Without pretending to a comprehensive analysis, we will be the first in Russian Latin American studies to try to highlight the most important moments in the life and political activities of a prominent leader of radical liberalism.