Self-sufficiency Indicators Research Articles

ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ

The article examines the concept of food security as a key component of national stability in the context of globalization processes. The role of the agricultural sector and state regulation in ensuring food self-sufficiency is highlighted, indicators of self-sufficiency, availability and consumption of food in Ukraine are analyzed. Along with this, the global food security index (GFSI) of Ukraine and the value of its components in 2021-2022 were studied. An analysis of the dynamics of the value of the food basket in Ukraine for the years 2019-2024 was carried out and the processes affecting the formation of this value were identified. Ukraine, with its favorable climate and abundant natural resources, is a significant player in global agriculture. It produces enough food not only for its domestic market but also for export, particularly in staple commodities like wheat, corn, and sunflower oil. These agricultural products support both self-sufficiency and Ukraine's role as an important exporter. The positive and negative aspects of globalization, its impact on the structure of exports and imports are analyzed in detail, and the key threats to the country's food security, particularly in war conditions, are identified. The state initiatives and legal acts introduced to improve Ukraine's food safety are examined in detail. The article also suggests directions for increasing the stability of the food system in Ukraine. In conclusion, while Ukraine's agricultural potential is significant, addressing global and domestic challenges is critical for securing long-term food security. By supporting domestic production, diversifying trade, and improving food quality control, Ukraine can not only maintain its food independence but also strengthen its global position. In particular, this can be achieved by providing financial and technological support to farmers, encouraging sustainable farming practices, and investing in agricultural innovation. A focus on innovation, infrastructure development, and sustainability will allow the country to better navigate the complexities of the modern food market and safeguard its food systems for future generations.

FOOD SECURITY ASSESSMENT ISSUES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The purpose of the study was to assess the current state of food security in some regions of the Russian Federation, to identify bottlenecks that hinder its achievement, and also to try to determine the relationship between food security indicators and the degree of land degradation - categories that largely determine the socio-ecological development of the region. Belgorod, Vladimir, Volgograd, Kaliningrad, Penza, Samara regions were selected as test regions. At the same time, the choice of the self-sufficiency indicator for the main types of food products as the most representative indicator for assessing food security at the municipal level is justifed. The adapted methodology for calculating self-sufficiency for the municipal level consisted in using the calculated indicators of the required production volumes in accordance with rational consumption standards, which allowed us to obtain an objective assessment of how much municipal formations are able to provide the population living there with the main types of products. The adapted methodology proposed by the authors for calculating indicators of self-sufficiency in basic types of food at the municipal level is described in detail in earlier publications. The results of the analysis of the data obtained on self-sufficiency in such types of products as potatoes, vegetables, meat, milk, fruits and berries in the municipal districts of the test regions in dynamics for the period 2010-2021 are presented. In addition, the relationship between the calculated indicators of self-sufficiency in the main types of food and the degree of land degradation in the municipalities of the test regions was revealed. The results obtained made it possible to identify the main problems associated with ensuring food security and develop proposals to improve the situation.

EVALUATION OF THE LEVEL OF SELF-SUFFICIENCY OF COWS MILK PRODUCTION IN THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

Food self-sufficiency is considered one of the basic priorities for the functioning of modern food economies. The main aim of the study is to assess the level of self-sufficiency of cows milk production in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Thirteen Central and Eastern European countries were accepted as the research area. The study used simplified indicators of food self-sufficiency. Technical self-sufficiency included the volume approach to the foreign trade balance and the conversion of indices constituting the relation of the production volume per number of inhabitants and the volume of cows milk consumption in relation to the production volume. Economic self-sufficiency was based on the study of the balance of foreign trade in terms of value. The study was conducted for the years 2015-2020. The research results indicate that the countries of Central and Eastern Europe are characterized by a significant degree of differentiation in terms of the self-sufficiency of cows milk production. Most of the countries considered follow a safe food policy for this agricultural raw material. The lowest degree of self-sufficiency of cows milk production is found in Bulgaria, Croatia and Romania. Moreover, it was found that the abolition of milk quotas in 2015 in the European Union countries did not result in a significant increase in the volume of cows milk production.

Assessment of food self-sufficiency in the system of diagnostics of food security

The article proposes a complex indicator - the food self-sufficiency index (IFSS). The threshold values of the indicator are established, allowing classification of food provision at the regional level. An integral indicator, the food security index (IFP), which takes into account groups of indicators in the field of production, distribution and consumption of food products, was developed as a methodological analysis tool. In order to analyze the differentiation of regions in food supply, an original methodological toolkit is proposed - a food supply matrix, which makes it possible to rank regions. Based on the conducted economic and statistical analysis of the indicators of food self-sufficiency in the regions of the Southern Federal District (SFD), it was found that the food self-sufficiency index in 2018 corresponded to the optimal level. The proposed method of economic and statistical analysis can be used when conducting socio-economic zoning of regions according to the criteria of food provision in regional markets.

Structural policy priorities in agriculture of Russia

The goal is to analyze the current state of Russian agriculture and the main problems of its further development. Designate indicators and parameters of macroeconomics that must be taken into account when assessing structural changes. Propose an algorithm for the formation of structural policy in Russian agriculture, justify the need and main problems of its implementation. Methods – the work on the article was carried out on the basis of the application of general scientific empirical methods in the framework of comparative, logical and statistical analysis, as well as through the analysis of structure and dynamics, tabular and graphical interpretation of information, etc. Relevance – it is noted that by 2020, the recovery growth in agricultural economy, which began at the turn of the century, has been completed, which made it possible to overcome the decline in production in the 1990s, ensure the country's food independence and create conditions for the transition to export-oriented development. At the same time, the indicators of the country's self-sufficiency in a number of products (milk, vegetables and melons, potatoes, fruits and berries), which were established by the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation, have not been achieved. The share of spending on food in the family consumer budgets remains high. The development of agriculture is highly dependent on the supply of foreign technologies, machinery and equipment, seeds and breeding material, which creates risks for food security. The growth of agricultural production has little effect on the solution of social problems of the countryside. The intensification of agricultural production leads to the aggravation of environmental problems. Results – in the framework of this article, the directions of structural policy in Russian agriculture are considered, according to which the strategic documents of industry development are being adjusted. The author also considers the main directions of agricultural and rural policy aimed to solve these problems: stimulating investment in the industry; improvement of scientific and technical support for agriculture; measures to reduce price volatility in agri-food market; overcoming the departmental approach to rural development and diversifying the rural economy; measures to improve soil fertility and ecological situation in agriculture. Conclusions – the areas of improvement of agricultural policy which are considered in the framework of the article, the work on which is actively being carried out today by AIC management bodies, will play an important role in the development of agro-industrial complex of Russia. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure compliance between the tasks set for AIC to achieve the country's food security, increasing export potential of domestic agri-food products, sustainable development of rural areas and envisaged measures, as well as financial resources which are allocated for the development.

РОЛЬ ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ

The article is devoted to the role of the chemical industry in ensuring food security. The objectives of ensuring the food security of the state are defined, and the need to activate the internal resources and potential of the state to ensure the food security of the state is justified. The connection of the chemical industry with agriculture and their impact on food security is shown. The statistics of the main indicators of the production of mineral fertilizers and indicators of self-sufficiency are presented, which confirm the importance of the chemical industry and agriculture in ensuring food security.

Самообеспеченность основными видами продовольствия во Владимирской области

The article substantiates the choice of such an indicator as self-sufficiency in basic types of food as a criterion for assessing food security at the municipal level. The methodology proposed by the authors for calculating indicators of self-sufficiency in basic types of food at the municipal level is described in detail in earlier publications. The results of the analysis of the data obtained on self-sufficiency in such types of products as potatoes, vegetables, meat, milk, fruits and berries in the municipal districts of the Vladimir region in dynamics in the period 2010-2021 are presented. The leaders in self-sufficiency of the main types of food in 2021 were Sobinsky and Yuriev-Polsky municipal districts located in the zone of the most fertile gray forest soils. Indicators of self-sufficiency in meat are below the norm, with the exception of Sobinsky and Yuriev-Polsky districts. The situation for milk is somewhat better, self-sufficiency indicators are normal and higher in six municipalities: Kovrovsky, Petushinsky, Selivanovsky, Sobinsky, Sudogodsky and Yuriev-Polsky; positive dynamics was observed in the period 2010-2021. For vegetables in all municipalities of the Vladimir region in the period 2010-2021, negative dynamics was observed, and as of 2021, low indicators of self-sufficiency were noted, with the exception of Vyaznikovsky and Yuriev-Polsky districts. An assessment of the relationship between self-sufficiency of the main types of products and the level of land degradation in the municipalities of the Vladimir region is given.

ФАКТОРЫ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ И УСТОЙЧИВОГО ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ РЕГИОНОВ ПРИВОЛЖСКОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА

The article analyzes the factors of spatial development of territorial entities included in the Volga Federal District – a region with a developed innovation-technological and industrial complex, with an economy that demonstrates sustainable growth rates not only in industries with traditional specialization, but also in economic areas of activity focused on providing services and the production of consumer goods. Analytical and statistical data of federal and regional state statistics bodies for the period from 2017 to 2021 were used as a basis for studying the features of the spatial development of territorial entities. In order to predict changes in the indicators under consideration, we also analyzed the trends in socio-economic transformations of Russia's space this year. The economic component of the group of factors of spatial development and sustainable functioning of regions was expressed through an analysis of the dynamics and structure of the gross regional product, the level of debt burden, indicators of self-sufficiency, deficit and liquidity of local budgets. The social component of spatial development was determined using the coefficients of migration and natural increase, the level of demographic load and unemployment in the regions, as well as through a comparative analysis of the population's monetary income in the regional context relative to the federal districts of the Russian Federation. The environmental factors of sustainable functioning of the territories were identified by the method of a comprehensive assessment of the state of the environment with the determination of quantitative and qualitative indicators of anthropogenic impact. As a result of the analysis of a group of factors of an economic, social and environmental nature, the leading regions in terms of the implementation of the resource potential and territories that stably lag behind the pace of development in certain directions and areas were identified. Based on the data obtained, spatial differentiation and uneven development of the regions of the Volga Federal District were proved, as well as the need to balance all components of the system of sustainable functioning of the region, visible in the application of the principle of unity of potential opportunities for economic, social and environmental development.

Economic and Mathematical Model of Substantiation of Organizational Network Elements

The article presents a methodology of substantiating economic entities in an organizational network. An algorithm for the selection of enterprises depending on their type is proposed: subsidiaries, dependent enterprises, contractual and market enterprises. The methodology of selecting subsidiaries is based on a correlation-regression analysis of indicators of production and economic activity and an assessment of the state of production assets of enterprises. The methodology of selecting associates and contractual enterprises is based on self-sufficiency indicators and is distinguished by the strictness of the directive coefficients. Free market enterprises are selected using the linear convolution method. The developed economic and mathematical model allows the integrator of the organizational network to select enterprises based on priority.

Import substitution and self-sufficiency in basic foodstuffs

The relevance of the topic of the article is caused by the need to study the current situation in the food market and determine the level of development of the production potential of the domestic agri-food complex in the context of import substitution and fierce competition in the global food market. The purpose of the article is to assess the processes of development of the agro-food complex in the context of import substitution, identify trends, and substantiate priorities in the implementation of the country's food security strategy. The article carried out a comprehensive study of the current state of development of agricultural production, analyzed the current state of the food supply of the country's population, identified trends, identified priority strategic directions for the implementation of the import substitution policy, and ensured the country's food security. The article concludes on the long-term nature of the implementation of the import substitution strategy and ensuring food security. There is a need for an interconnected and balanced organization of import and export activities of enterprises of the agro-food complex. The authors substantiate the need for reorientation of enterprises after reaching the target indicators of food self-sufficiency from domestic sales of products to the development of international food markets. The theoretical provisions and practical recommendations proposed in the article make it possible to solve the problem of stable self-sufficiency of the country with competitive food products and the implementation of a food security strategy.

ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ДОЦІЛЬНОСТІ ІМПОРТНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАСІННЯМИ ТОВАРОВИРОБНИКІВ ОВОЧНОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ В БІЛОРУСІЇ

The high level of import of vegetable seeds negatively affects the indicators of resource self-sufficiency of agricultural sectors. At the same time, the development of the vegetable seeds market requires significant financial investments in this segment and analysis of their further payback based on scientific approaches. The purpose of the article. To develop methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of import flows in relation to vegetable seeds. The object of research is vegetable seeds, the value chain in vegetable growing. Methods used in research. The theoretical and methodological basis for the study was the works of domestic and foreign scientists on import and import-substituting production. The following methods were used in the research process: monographic, abstract-logical, normative, synthesis and system analysis, etc. The hypothesis of the study. Import flows of vegetable seeds take place in the Republic of Belarus in the presence of a certain list of conditions, which requires justification of their expediency. Presentation of the main material. The article presents the author's position regarding the development of scientific and methodological approaches to assessing the feasibility of implementing import flows of vegetable seeds. Originality and practical value. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the development of a comprehensive assessment of the feasibility of zoning a certain variety of vegetables of Belarusian selection for individual management entities or its import on the basis of a number of factors and criteria. Conclusions. The development of the Belarusian market of vegetable seeds involves a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of seed zoning, which includes the costs of conducting scientific research and ending with the effectiveness of vegetable cultivation and their subsequent processing.

Issues of implementation of control indicators of the food security doctrine of the Russian federation

The article considers individual issues of implementation of control indicators of the execution of the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation. The characteristic features of food security are defined. The variants of assessment of self-sufficiency in foodstuffs are offered. The formula for the level of self-sufficiency in foodstuffs, which allows to take into account the provision of rational norms of consumption in calculations, is offered. The possible measures aimed at achieving the indicators of national interests of the state declared in the Doctrine were defined. Two possible options for the authorities, aimed at achieving the indicators of self-sufficiency in food were considered. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the presented directions are presented.

Особенности оценки продовольственной безопасности муниципальных образований Пензенской области

The article provides an assessment of the food security of the municipalities of the Penza region on the basis of self-sufficiency indicators. It was proposed to adapt the methodology for calculating self-sufficiency indicators, replacing the consumption indicators of the main types of products in municipalities that are not publicly available with indicators of the necessary production volumes in accordance with rational norms, which makes it possible to better assess the extent to which municipal formations are able to provide the population living there with the main types of products, as well as to identify bottlenecks in order to develop proposals for their elimination. The conducted research showed that, in general, the region is quite well provided with potatoes, vegetables, a little worse – meat and milk, it still has insufficient indicators of self-sufficiency in fruits and berries, with the exception of several districts. However, those municipalities where the indicators of self-sufficiency for the above products do not correspond to the Doctrine of Food Security have the potential to increase these indicators, since extremely low results were obtained in a few areas.

Досягнення реформи децентралізації та її бюджетна ефективність на прикладі Павлівської ОТГ у Волинській області

The article discusses the topical issue of the present day: decentralization and its budget efficiency (on the example of the Pavlivska amalgamated hromada in the Volyn region). A significant feature of decentralization today is voluntary association with other territories in order to improve living conditions and development of the area. Decentralization facilitates the improvement of investment climate, forms an efficient environment for attracting investments and financing the activities of Ukrainian regions. That is why decentralization allows amalgamated hromadas to reveal their internal potentials. The result of local self-government depends on the appropriate use of financial resources, independent resolution of regional issues. The publication uses indicators of budget self-sufficiency, budget effectiveness, budget transparency to analyze the budget efficiency of the territorial community, based on an assessment of the level of implementation of the distribution and redistribution of the local budget of the amalgamated hromada. Budget self-sufficiency demonstrates how the territorial community can develop itself, budget effectiveness is responsible for the expenditure part and the result of these costs, and budget transparency — for insightfulness and openness of information for citizens. The introduction of decentralization aims to improve the system of management of territorial communities and the system of administrative and territorial structure of the country, with the improvement of the state of residence and development of citizens regardless of their place of residence. With the help of decentralization, the investment climate of the country is improving and an efficient environment is being formed to attract foreign and domestic investors. Financing of territories allows opening up new opportunities for the evolvement of amalgamated hromadas.

ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЕ КАК ОСНОВА УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ПОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ РОССИИ

The article is devoted to assessing the impact of the implementation of the import substitution policy on food security and the stability of the food system in Russia in the face of new challenges and risks. Globalization processes have increased the impact of uncertainties, including the coronavirus pandemic, on the sustainable functioning of national food systems. The analysis of changes in the macroeconomic parameters of the country’s food security is carried out. A study of self-sufficiency indicators, coefficients of import priority and import load showed a decrease in the dependence of the domestic market on imports for the main types of products. The problematic segments of the food market were identified: milk and dairy products, fruits and berries. Even with high production rates in recent years, the market remains highly dependent on external supplies of fruits and berries, milk and dairy products. Import substitution processes have only slightly affected the non-agricultural stages of the agri-food complex. The pro- duction potential of the food system of Russia re- mains highly dependent on imports of the main types of machinery and equipment, technologies and innovative developments, which is an external risk of its sustainability. The strategic priorities for the development of the agri-food complex, which ensure the sustainability of the country’s food system, have been substantiated. It is concluded that the current trend in the development of food systems is not just an increase in the production of agricultural products and food. When developing and implementing agricultural policy, it is necessary to take into account the multi- functionality of food systems, which suggests a balance between meeting the growing demand for food and rational use of resources, using innovative production methods and increasing food quality, reducing environmental pollution, reducing soil degradation and greenhouse gas emissions, etc.

Challenges to agriculture in the Russian Far East: lessons from crises

This article examines agriculture in the Russian Far East through the prism of recent crises. A comparative analysis of the indicators of food self-sufficiency in the Russian Federation and its macro-regions is carried out; forecast estimates of the level of their food self-sufficiency are predicted. In order to identify a group of commodity producers capable of overcoming the challenges that the agriculture in the Far East has faced, a factor model of the growth rate of agricultural production in the Far East is built, its adequacy is proven, and elasticity coefficients are calculated. The category of land users that should become a vector for overcoming the crisis in the region’s agricultural sector is determined.

ОЦЕНКА ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ ВОЛГОГРАДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The article assesses the food security of municipalities in the Volgograd region based on indicators of self-sufficiency in agricultural products. It was proposed to adapt the methodology for calculating self-sufficiency indicators, replacing indicators of consumption of basic products in municipalities that are not publicly available with indicators of necessary production volumes in accordance with rational norms. This makes it possible to better assess the extent to which municipalities are able to provide the population with basic food supplies, as well as to identify bottlenecks in order to develop proposals to address them. The highest self-sufficiency ratios for the main types of products was noted in the municipalities of the North-Western agricultural region with most favourable conditions for agricultural activities and, conversely, the lowest figures are typical for agricultural Zavolzhsky area – with the less favourable agricultural conditions.

Innovative management of food enterprises in terms of import substitution and import dependence

The article discusses the new policy of import substitution in Russia. The replacement of imports by domestic counterparts is a priority of Federal and regional authorities. Innovative management should primarily take into account the new economic conditions which exist and will soon operate a food company. Describes the factors that have a negative impact on the efficiency of innovative management of dairy plants: the drop in oil prices, decline in exports, domestic oil prices, the devaluation of the ruble. The analysis of the indicators of import dependence and import substitution in the dairy group food. The analysis of indicators of the food industry showed that the indicator of self-sufficiency in the last 10 years have been below the 0.90 standard. In 2007, the industry reached self-sufficiency ratios 0.8146 that is still below the required standard more than 10%. These calculations allowed us to attribute the production of dairy products to import-dependent food industry. Therefore, in this industry were conducted further research based on the indicators “import” and “self-sufficiency”. Used methods of statistical control showed that the inverse correlation between these indicators does not exist. So, the volume of the imported imports depends on other factors and only increasing their own production, this figure does not decrease. Therefore, in the production of milk and dairy products need more reforms to improve the indicators of self-sufficiency. Providing the population of our country milk and dairy products in need of rapid change to increase its own production of dairy products. Thus, features of innovative management of dairy enterprises are determined by the modern conditions of import substitution.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Cabri 3D Materi Dimensi Tiga Kelas X SMA

This study aims to (1) produce teaching materials based Cabri 3D material Three Dimensrions which is valid, practical, has a potential effect on the achievement of learning and explain the process of development, (2) describe the characteristics of teaching materials based Cabri 3D material Three Dimensions. In developing teaching materials, researchers through the preliminary stage and prototyping with groove formative evaluation. In the prototyping stage researchers involved class X SMA Xavierus Lubuklinggau. Data collection techniques used are documentation, walk-throughs, and the results of the test. This research-based teaching materials Cabri produce 3D material Three Dimensions valid and practical, and has a potential effect on the achievement of learning and self-sufficiency indicators of student learning. Validity of instructional materials in terms of compliance with the curriculum and the results of expert validation and test prototypes at the stage of a small group. The potential effect of this teaching material visible from the ability of students determines the position, distance and angle of the elements of geometry. The results of the evaluation study shows 3.13% category excellent value, 56.25 Good, 34.38 Enough, and 6.25 Less. From the observation unstructured during the learning process of students have the initiative to learn and utilize learning resources.

Economic Self-Sufficiency Among Divorced Women: Impact of Depression, Abuse, and Efficacy

Understanding how to promote economic self-sufficiency, or the ability to sustain oneself financially, has important implications for programs that help support divorced and separated women and for government agencies hoping to reduce reliance on government aid. The following analysis focuses specifically on divorced and separated women utilizing services from agencies geared toward helping people with financial, career, and other forms of assistance. This study identifies factors that promote or hinder economic self-sufficiency among divorced women. Regression analysis indicates that age, economic self-efficacy, abuse, and difficulty living on income are important indicators of economic self-sufficiency.