Abstract
The article analyzes the factors of spatial development of territorial entities included in the Volga Federal District – a region with a developed innovation-technological and industrial complex, with an economy that demonstrates sustainable growth rates not only in industries with traditional specialization, but also in economic areas of activity focused on providing services and the production of consumer goods. Analytical and statistical data of federal and regional state statistics bodies for the period from 2017 to 2021 were used as a basis for studying the features of the spatial development of territorial entities. In order to predict changes in the indicators under consideration, we also analyzed the trends in socio-economic transformations of Russia's space this year. The economic component of the group of factors of spatial development and sustainable functioning of regions was expressed through an analysis of the dynamics and structure of the gross regional product, the level of debt burden, indicators of self-sufficiency, deficit and liquidity of local budgets. The social component of spatial development was determined using the coefficients of migration and natural increase, the level of demographic load and unemployment in the regions, as well as through a comparative analysis of the population's monetary income in the regional context relative to the federal districts of the Russian Federation. The environmental factors of sustainable functioning of the territories were identified by the method of a comprehensive assessment of the state of the environment with the determination of quantitative and qualitative indicators of anthropogenic impact. As a result of the analysis of a group of factors of an economic, social and environmental nature, the leading regions in terms of the implementation of the resource potential and territories that stably lag behind the pace of development in certain directions and areas were identified. Based on the data obtained, spatial differentiation and uneven development of the regions of the Volga Federal District were proved, as well as the need to balance all components of the system of sustainable functioning of the region, visible in the application of the principle of unity of potential opportunities for economic, social and environmental development.
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