Indian Institute Of Technology Research Articles

Magnetic field remote control for memory devices

Physicists at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in Hyderabad have fabricated a 'nonvolatile memory' (NVM) storage device whose 'on' and 'off' states can be remotely controlled by varying the magnetic field1. Their findings may help develop future memory devices operated by magnetic fields. NVM, exhibited by devices such as USB flash drives, MP3 players and digital cameras, is a type of computer memory that can hold saved data even if power is turned off. As present silicon-based devices approach their scaling limits, research is on to develop the next generation of NVM technology that will allow storage of more data at less cost.

Process-machine interactions and a multi-sensor fusion approach to predict surface roughness in cylindrical plunge grinding process

Abrasive finishing processes, such as cylindrical plunge grinding are employed across broad industrial sectors for surface quality assurance. However, uncertainties in the workpiece and wheel states due to the highly dynamic nature of the system are known to adversely affect our ability to predict and assure surface quality. Recent advances in smart manufacturing and sensing technologies offer an opportunity to improve surface quality assurance. Central to the sensing scheme for this is the identification of the physical relationship connecting the measured vibration signals with the surface characteristics. While our experimental studies suggest that vibrations over 700-2000Hz are significant determinants of the surface finish (Ra) in the plunge grinding process, prior models do not capture the effect of high frequency signatures (> 500Hz). To understand the physical origin of these high-frequency signatures, a three degree of freedom lumped mass model of the cylindrical plunge grinding process dynamics was investigated in this paper. The model integrates the random distribution of the abrasive particles forming the wheel topography, the interactions between an elementary abrasive particle and the workpiece surface, and the regenerative relationship between the vibrations of the machine structure and the cutting forces. The model was verified on an industry-scale “next generation precision grinder (NGPG)” testbed at the Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India. The experiments were conducted at twelve different plunge rates and data was gathered synchronously from two accelerometers and a powercell integrated with the machine tool. The results suggest that the model accurately captures the changes in the high frequency characteristics with the process parameters. Subsequently, a data-driven random forest model was developed to predict Ra using the features extracted from the measured signals. The model was able to predict Ra over various test conditions to an accuracy of R2>90%. Subsequent statistical analysis also suggests that the vibration frequency component in the 700-2000 Hz range contributes significantly to variations in surface finish Ra.

A Docking Study on Various Secondary Metabolites from W. somnifera on Tetrahydrodipicolinate N-Succinyltransferase Protein Involved in The Lysine Biosysnthesis Pathway in P. aeruginosa

A crucial survival factor for leading pathogen (carrying 40-60% mortality rate) is Tetrahydrodipicolinate NSuccinyltransferase (DAPD EC 2.3.1.117) involves in lysine biosynthesis pathway of P. aeruginosa. Targeting the lysine biosynthesis pathway is a opportunistic and logical site to inhibit the effect of this organism. Withania somnifera, also known as “Indian ginseng”, a reputed herb in ayurvedic medicine, constituting various steroidal lactones (withanolides, withaferins) and saponins which shown various pharmacological activities. We described the docking of 11 secondary metabolites from Withania somnifera into the three dimensional structure of DapD protein of P. aeruginosa using swiss-dock server. Simultaneously, we have checked the ADME values and pharmacokinetics values of these secondary metabolites against the target protein. We have followed the “Lipnski rule of 5” principle and “Molinspiration” tool. Dihydowithaferin, 4-B, Hydroxywithanolide, Withanoloide E, Withanoloide F, Withanoloide D, Withanoloide A) have potential to be used as medicine to treat P.aeruginosa infections. Several known antibiotics also studied along with this approach for comparison purpose. Background/Objectives: Withania somnifera additionally referred to as “Ashwagandha” and “Indian ginseng” is a medicative plant constituting (isopelletierine, anaferine, cuseohygrine, and anahygrine, etc.), hormone lactones (withanolides, withaferins) and saponins., P.aeruginosa is a leading gram negative opportunist infectious agent, carrying a high 40-60% death rate and causes grievous infections in people with compromised immune systems. Tetrahydrodipicolinate N-Succinyltransferase (DAPD Europetwo.3.1.117) potential targets for brand spanking new antibacterial drug medication. Methods/Statistical analysis: The tying up method involves the prediction of matter conformation and orientation (or posing) inside a targeted binding web site. Swiss Dock may be a tying up internet server. All calculations are performed on the server aspect, so for tying up run’s don't need any machine power from the user. The ligands were neutralized and checked for his or her ADME properties victimization computer code Molinspiration obtainable at machine resources for Drug Discovery (CRDD). The secondary metabolites and antibiotics were conjointly subjected to Lipinski Rule of 5 value's on server The Supercomputing Facility for Bioinformatics & machine Biology (SCFBio), Indian Institute of Technology, N. Delhi. Findings: Among the eleven secondary metabolites from Withania somnifera and seven antibiotics we elect for docking, Ciproflaxin, Cephalosporin, Tobramycin, and Azlocillin showing the higher result compare to alternative compounds. Results of ADME properties showed Compounds as 4-B hydroxywithanolide, 2-3 dihydowitaferin A, Withanoloide E,Withanoloide D, Withanoloide A, and Withanoloide F has higher ADME values then the unremarkably used antibiotics (Azlocillin, Ciproflaxin, Ticarcillin, and antibiotic). Results of Lipinski rule of five values are given below in one table. Secondary metabolites like 4-B hydroxywithanolide, 2-3 dihydowitaferin A, Withanoloide E, Withanoloide D, and Withanoloide F showed higher results for Lipinski rule of five compare to antibiotics like Alocillin, Mefoxin, Meropenem, and Tobramycin. Improvements/Applications: Ashwagandha is employed from a few years for several treatments. This analysis additionally stresses the likelihood of this plant to use for cure of an added chronic infection. The experiment shows probabilities to develop a brand new drug.

Road Traffic Accident Research in India: A Scientometric Study from 1977 to 2020

This study carried out the scientometric analysis of road traffic accident research in India from 1977 to 2020. It aimed to examine type of publications with their citations and usage, the year wise publication and citation growth, most preferred journals, authors’ preference of keywords used, collaboration of Indian authors, authorship pattern and most prolific authors, and top contributing organizations. During 44 years of study, 1,132 research items were published and indexed in Web of Science (WoS) bibliographic database. Analysis discovered that number of publications increased from one (0.08%) in 1977 to 182 (16.07%) in 2018 and observed good progress in scholarly literature. Majority of scholarly publications were published in the form of article (740, 65.37%). From 2006 to 2018, number of publications increased rapidly from 11 (0.97%) to 182 (16.07%) publications, which was the most productive year for the researchers. On an average 25.73 documents were published per year and received 392.95 citations per year. Journal of Evaluation of Medical and Dental Sciences published majority of the publications (108, 30.50%). The word “Trauma” was the most frequently used keyword. Majority of publications (83.38%) on road traffic accidents (RTA) were written by the Indian authors individually or with local collaboration. Majority of the publications (1,081, 95.49%) were written by multiple authors while 51 publications (4.51%) were from single author. Most prolific authors were Tiwari, G. and Mohan, D. with 18 publications each. The Indian Institute of Technology was highly contributing organization, which published 120 documents (10.60%).

An interview with Prof. Ramesh Jain

Ramesh Jain is an entrepreneur, researcher, and educator. He is a Donald Bren Professor in Information & Computer Sciences at University of California, Irvine. Earlier he has been at Georgia Tech, University of California, San Diego, University of Michigan, and some other universities in many countries. He was educated at Nagpur University (B.E.) and Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur (Ph.D.) in India. His current research is in Social Life Networks including EventShop and Objective Self, and Health Intelligence. He has been an active member of professional community serving in various positions and contributing more than 400 research papers and coauthoring several books including text books in Machine Vision and Multimedia Computing. He is a Fellow of AAAI, AAAS, ACM, IEEE, IAPR, and SPIE. Ramesh co-founded several companies, managed them in initial stages, and then turned them over to professional management. He also advised major companies in multimedia and search technology. He still enjoys the thrill of start-up environment. His research and entrepreneurial interests have been in computer vision, AI, multimedia, and social computing. He is the founding director of Institute for Future Health at UCI.

Performance characterization of zero carbon emission microgrid in subtropical climate based on experimental energy and exergy analyses

Energy and exergy analyses are effective tools to characterize the microgrid performance in different operating conditions and to identify the scope of making system more efficient. Exergy analysis provides details information regarding maximum possible work, losses, types of losses and its locations. In present study an attempt has been made to characterize the performance of photovoltaic (PV) and fuel cell (FC) based AC microgrid using the energy and exergy analyses. A microgrid comprising of PV (5 kWp) and FC (1 kW) as primary and auxiliary generators respectively is developed at Centre for Energy Studies (CES), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi. Excess PV electricity is used to generate the hydrogen using electrolyzer that is stored in metal hydride (MH) tank. Experimental energy and exergy analyses are carried out for different operating conditions that give energy efficiencies of PV system, FC system, MH and electrolyzer as 12.6%, 59.1%, 83.4% and 49.4% respectively. Maximum exergy efficiencies of PV, FC, MH and electrolyzer are estimated as 13.5%, 59.4%, 82.8% and 49.6% respectively. The exergy values are calculated at various environment reference temperatures (0 °C, 8 °C, 16 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, 35 °C, 40 °C and 45 °C) to estimate the seasonal effects on the exergy performance of system. The exergy efficiency of entire hydrogen generation and utilization cycle increases with increase in reference environment temperature. The overall energy and exergy analyses of entire AC microgrid in different operating modes are also performed. According to the obtained experimental results maximum overall energy and exergy efficiencies of AC microgrid are 12.57% and 13.47% respectively.

Performance evaluation of dispersion parameterization schemes in the plume simulation of FFT-07 diffusion experiment

Application of atmospheric dispersion models in air quality analysis requires a proper representation of the vertical and horizontal growth of the plume. For this purpose, various schemes for the parameterization of dispersion parameters σ′s are described in both stable and unstable conditions. These schemes differ on the use of (i) extent of availability of on-site measurements (ii) formulations developed for other sites and (iii) empirical relations. The performance of these schemes is evaluated in an earlier developed IIT (Indian Institute of Technology) dispersion model with the data set in single and multiple releases conducted at Fusion Field Trials, Dugway Proving Ground, Utah 2007. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the relative performance of all the schemes is carried out in both stable and unstable conditions in the light of (i) peak/maximum concentrations, and (ii) overall concentration distribution. The blocked bootstrap resampling technique is adopted to investigate the statistical significance of the differences in performances of each of the schemes by computing 95% confidence limits on the parameters FB and NMSE. The various analysis based on some selected statistical measures indicated consistency in the qualitative and quantitative performances of σ schemes. The scheme which is based on standard deviation of wind velocity fluctuations and Lagrangian time scales exhibits a relatively better performance in predicting the peak as well as the lateral spread.

Synthesis, Characterization and Flocculation Characteristics of Polysaccharide Graft Copolymers

Research & Development in Material Science Synthesis, Characterization and Flocculation Characteristics of Polysaccharide Graft Copolymers Karmakar GP* Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, India *Corresponding author: Karmakar GP, Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India Submission: September 09, 2017; Published: October 16, 2017 DOI: 10.31031/RDMS.2017.01.000516 ISSN : 2576-8840Volume1 Issue4

Structural performance of YSt–310 cold–formed tubular steel stub columns

This paper describes experimental and numerical investigations conducted to characterize the basic material properties and design of YSt–310 cold–formed structural steel sections at Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati. Square (SHS) and rectangular (RHS) hollow sections with minimum yield strength of 310MPa manufactured by Tata Steel India, were considered in the study. Initially, results from elemental analysis via optical emission spectrometer (OES) investigation and metallographic examination using optical microscope are presented. Key stress–strain parameters viz., Young's modulus, proof stress, ultimate strength, percentage elongation, strain hardening exponent etc. were generated based on flat, corner and weld coupon tests data. Extent of corner strength enhancement due to cold – forming determined using Vickers's microhardness test are reported. Additionally, cross – section capacity of the stub columns were also investigated experimentally and numerically. The column capacities generated from test and finite element study are compared with the existing design code – EN 1993–1–1 (EN 1993-1-1, 2005) [1] and design rules – continuous strength method (CSM) (Zhao et al., 2017) [2] and direct strength method (DSM) (North American Specifification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, 2016; Arrayago et al., 2017) [3,4]. Based on the comparison, modifications on the existing design code and rules are suggested to provide a more accurate and reliable compressive design prediction.

Simulation of Storm Surge in Myanmar Coast

Storm surge is one of the most severe disastrous hazards in the Southeast Asian region including Myanmar. In order to accurately and on time numerical prediction of a surge, it is a crucial task for disaster mitigation. The objective of the study is to examine the predicted storm surge heights sensitivity with varying water depth. Storm parameters considered in the study include pressure drops, radius of maximum wind and duration of the storm and landfall angles in the Myanmar coast. Traditional model for numerical prediction of the storm surge has some drawbacks such as a delayed intimation of expected storm surges. To overcome these shortcomings, this study used the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi (IIT-D)-based surge model to explore the various factors of a surge in Myanmar. The sensitivity results from the study demonstrate that the shallowness of the water depth and obtuse landfall angle in the Rakhine coast of Myanmar produce the highest surge height. It also shows that a fast-moving cyclone made a larger surge than slower one. The effects of wind stress forcing reveal that high-pressure drops and radius of maximum wind generate a larger surge. The peak surges are computed by the prediction model which compared to the observed values and found to be the most accuracy of the results. Thus, this surge model can provide an early (nearly 48 h) warming in the coastal regions of Myanmar. It can help to mitigate disaster from the consequences of storm surge in Myanmar by evacuating the local residents.

Emergent Interfacial Magnetic Skyrmions and Its Technological Importance

Research & Development in Material Science Emergent Interfacial Magnetic Skyrmions and Its Technological Importance Shrawan K Mishra* School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), India *Corresponding author: Shrawan K Mishra, School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi-221005, UP, India Submission: September 02, 2017; Published: September 18, 2017 DOI: 10.31031/RDMS.2017.01.000503 ISSN : 2576-8840Volume1 Issue1

"Dietary Lifestyle, Way of Life Practices and Corpulence: Towards Present Day Science"

Examines in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Dietary Lifestyle, Way of Life Practices and Corpulence: Towards Present Day Science Alok Raghav1*, Aditi1, Sneha Gupta1, Pratibha Singh1, Aman Nikhil1, Saba Noor2 and Jamal Ahmad3 1Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, India 2Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Aligarh Muslim University, India 3Diabetes and Endocrinology Super specialty Centre, India *Corresponding author: Alok Raghav, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, India Submission: August 20, 2017; Published: September 05, 2017 DOI: 10.31031/EPMR.2017.01.000501 ISSN: 2637-7934Volume1 Issue1

The Inspiration of IIT KGH’s International Collaboration to UESTC

Although with a not-long history, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur (IIT KGH), enjoys world fame because of its brilliant graduates. International collaboration since its formative years accounts for the institute’s rapid rise to a substantial extent. Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) is one of the most famous IT universities in China, which shares a lot in common with IIT KGH. Therefore, the paper is devoted to the discussion of the institute’s international practice in the hope of providing inspiration to UESTC’s goal of building itself into a world-class university.

Multilevel Exclusion of Dalit Students in Professional Elite Colleges of India

The study traces some exclusionary practices of dalit students in professional elite institutions at multiple levels: admission, pedagogy, classroom ecology and learning approach. Unfortunately, the professional elite institutions in India reinforce and maintain a divide between dalits and non-dalits. They devise mechanisms to restrict entry of dalit students at various levels. The pedagogy not only unconsciously reinforces exclusionary practices but offers many promises of reducing caste inequality in the campus. The pedagogy is further compounded by classroom proceedings. This inquiry gives another angle to understand exclusionary practices in the classroom of professional institutions like the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. Dalit students as second generation of learners adopt either a strategic learning style or a surface learning style. Professional elite colleges in India have both an innovative as well as democratic classroom ecology. Similarly, teacher-centric and student-centric processes facilitate the process of learning.

EAR RECOGNITION USING LOCAL BINARY PATTERN

In this paper an efficient complete Ear Recognition System (ERS) has been proposed based on the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) approach that can investigate maximum recognition rate; hence it can be used for surveillance applications. The feature extraction is based on calculating the LBP feature for the ear image and dividing the resultant LBP image into several overlap regions, and then extracts the histogram from each region. These histograms are considered as a similarity measure in the classification phase. To evaluate the proposed approach, the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi processed ear image dataset has been considered, which contains 125 individual, each with at least three images acquired in the age group between 14 and 58 years. Practical experiments are employed on the proposed ERS to find the best image division regions at best LBP parameters (radius and neighbors) that lead to maximum recognition rate. Detailed experiments show that the proposed system achieved 93.75 % rank-one recognition rate. Furthermore, an experimental study is achieved to examine the less Equal Error Rate (EER). Some identities from the database are considered as imposters. In a verification scenario, the system achieved an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 14.94 %. The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve showed that the Genuine Acceptance Rate (GAR) is about 84%.

Campus Adaptations of Engineering Undergraduates by Gender

Abstract The study aims to empirically test the relationship between types of campus adaptations across gender engineering undergraduate B.Tech students alone pursuing a four year study at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT’s) and National Institute of Technology (NIT’s) in India. The independent t - test was run with SPSS vs 21 to determine the nature of campus adaptations of IIT’s and NIT’s between undergraduate male students (n = 1268) and female students of (n = 152) with the multistage random sample of n = 1420. There is a significant relationship on campus adaptations among students by gender indicating that; campus adaptations did vary which could be attributed to the lower strength of the sample size. However, if a qualitative approach is adopted with interviews held to seek out information on nature of adaptability to campus environments, it could introspect more in-depth on the nature and levels of adaptability of female students witnessing challenges at campuses of higher learning.

6th International Conference on Fracture Fatigue and Wear

ChairmanProf. Magd Abdel WahabGhent University, BelgiumCo-chairmanProf. Nao-Aki NodaKyushu Institute of Technology, JapanDr. Ana NevesPorto University, PortugalInternational Scientific CommitteeProf. S Abdullah, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, MalaysiaDr. J Abenojar, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, SpainDr. H Ali, University of Bristol, UKProf. S Bordas, University of Luxembourg, LuxembourgProf. T Hattori, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, JapanDr. Miguel Angel Martinez, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, SpainDr. K Masuda, University of Toyama, JapanProf. T Miyazaki, University of Ryukyu, JapanProf. K Oda, Oita University, JapanProf. RV Prakash, Indian Institute of Technology, IndiaProf. T Qin, China Agricultural University, ChinaProf. F Rezai-Aria, Ecole des Mines d’Albi, FranceDr. A Rudawska, Lublin University of Technology, PolandDr. MS Prabhudev, Government Polytechnic, Kalgi, IndiaDr. Y Sano, Kyushu Institute of Technology, JapanProf. J Song, Ostwestfalen-Lippe University, GermanyProf. J Toribio, University of Salamanca, SpainDr. N Tsutsumi, Oita University, JapanProf. C Xu, China Agricultural University, ChinaProf. C Zhou, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, ChinaDr. Y-L Zhou, National University of Singapore, SingaporeEditorialThis volume contains the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Fracture Fatigue and Wear FFW 2017, Porto, Portugal, 26-27 July 2017. Fracture Fatigue and Wear 2017 is the 6th FFW conference. Previous conferences were celebrated in Jinan (China, 2010), Kitakyushu (Japan, 2013), Kitakyushu (Japan, 2014), Gent (Belgium, 2015) and Kitakyushu (Japan, 2016).The sixth international conference on Fracture, Fatigue and Wear will be held in the city of Porto, Portugal. The overall objective of the conference is to bring together international scientists and engineers in academia and industry in fields related to Fracture Mechanics, Fatigue of Materials, Tribology and Wear of Materials. The conference covers industrial engineering applications of the above topics including theoretical and analytical methods, numerical simulations and experimental techniques. One of the aims of conference is to promote cooperation between international scientists and engineers from a large number of disciplines, who are involved in research related to Fracture, Fatigue and Wear. The presentations of FFW 2017 are divided into 3 main sessions, namely 1) Fracture, 2) Fatigue and 3) Wear.The organising committee is grateful to keynote speakers; Professor Hong Liang, Mechanical Engineering, Texas A & M University, for her keynote lecture entitled ‘Direct and in situ Observation of Initiation of Wear’ and Professor Xudong Qian, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, for his keynote lecture entitled ‘Ductile Fracture Assessment and Representation in Large-Scale Structures’.Special thanks go to members of the Scientific Committee of FFW 2017 for reviewing the articles published in this volume and for judging their scientific merits. Based on the comments of reviewers and the scientific merits of the submitted manuscripts, the articles were accepted for publication in the conference proceedings and for presentation at the conference venue. The accepted papers are of a very high scientific quality and contribute to advancement of knowledge in all research topics relevant to FFW conference.Finally, the organising committee would like to thank all authors, who have contributed to this volume and presented their research work at the confrence venue in Porto.Professor Magd Abdel WahabChairman of FFW 2017

CFD approach to modelling, hydrodynamic analysis and motion characteristics of a laboratory underwater glider with experimental results

Underwater gliders are buoyancy propelled vehicle which make use of buoyancy for vertical movement and wings to propel the glider in forward direction. Autonomous underwater gliders are a patented technology and are manufactured and marketed by corporations. In this study, we validate the experimental lift and drag characteristics of a glider from the literature using Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. This approach is then used for the assessment of the steady state characteristics of a laboratory glider designed at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras. Flow behaviour and lift and drag force distribution at different angles of attack are studied for Reynolds numbers varying from 105 to 106 for NACA0012 wing configurations. The state variables of the glider are the velocity, gliding angle and angle of attack which are simulated by making use of the hydrodynamic drag and lift coefficients obtained from CFD. The effect of the variable buoyancy is examined in terms of the gliding angle, velocity and angle of attack. Laboratory model of glider is developed from the final design asserted by CFD. This model is used for determination of static and dynamic properties of an underwater glider which were validated against an equivalent CAD model and simulation results obtained from equations of motion of glider in vertical plane respectively. In the literature, only empirical approach has been adopted to estimate the hydrodynamic coefficients of the AUG that are required for its trajectory simulation. In this work, a CFD approach has been proposed to estimate the hydrodynamic coefficients and validated with experimental data. A two-mass variable buoyancy engine has been designed and implemented. The equations of motion for this two-mass engine have been obtained by modifying the single mass version of the equations described in the literature. The objectives of the present study are to understand the glider dynamics adopting a CFD approach, fabricate the glider and its variable buoyancy engine and test its trajectory in water and compare it with numerically obtained trajectory in the vertical plane.

An Innovator in Blended Learning mode of Education

Prof. Manoj Kulshrestha, Ph.D from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi, New Delhi is Professor of Civil Engineering in School of Engineering & Technology (SOET) at Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi, where he teaches Construction Project Management. Additionally, he is Director of National Centre for Innovation in Distance Education (NCIDE).

Cell scientist to watch – Arun Shukla

ABSTRACT Arun Shukla received his master’s degree in Biotechnology from the Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, and joined the lab of Nobel laureate Hartmut Michel at the Max Planck Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt, Germany, for his PhD. He then moved to the United States for his postdoctoral work with Robert Lefkowitz at Duke University (Durham, NC) in a very close collaboration with Brian Kobilka (Stanford University, CA). Arun became an Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine at Duke University in 2011, before returning to India in April 2014 as an Assistant Professor at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in Kanpur as a Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance Intermediate Fellow. His research is centred on G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and he applies molecular, cellular and structural biology methods to understand the signalling and activation pathways of GPCRs.