Indian Institute Of Technology Research Articles

BloodConnect: enriching lives

Subject area Social enterprise, Social entrepreneurship. Study level/applicability PGDM, PGDM Executive. Case overview The case is about the evolution of a unique social organization, BloodConnect, over its journey of four years. Initiated by two Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi students in 2010, the organization went on to be recognized for making leeway into the hitherto underserved need of blood security in India. The case describes BloodConnect's evolution with respect to different dimensions of blood shortages and the organization's acquisition of knowledge over the years. BloodConnect acted as a facilitator to bring multiple stakeholders, including potential donor segments, beneficiaries, hospitals, government and NGOs, on the same platform to collectively identify solutions, thereby increasing the ownership of each segment toward an issue of importance to the society. While the organization started gaining visibility and was on its way to making its operation structured, it desired to move beyond the confines of Delhi-NCR to raise the movement to the national level, but it was faced with challenges peppered with lack of resources, lack of funds, absence of a permanent leadership and complex dynamics between the multiple stakeholders. Donor dependency for funds and amateur management were the other major impediments for its sustenance. The case brings forth the major challenges threatening the very existence of the organization as it grappled to identify solutions that could provide revenue sustainability without dampening its mission of creating social value. The case is of relevance to social enterprises in the context of a developing nation as most of the low and middle income countries face similar challenges pertaining to blood security. It also brings forth the issues of survival, scalability and the concept of social value measurement. In what are the myriad hurdles faced by start-ups, the traditional metrics might not be enough while measuring the impact created by a social enterprise. Expected learning outcomes To develop an insight into the unique challenges faced by start-up social ventures and options available to them for growth and subsequent consolidation. To enhance the understanding of interrelationship between mission focus, scale of operations, revenue sustainability and social impact. To introduce students to the concept of social value measurement. The students would be able to appreciate the uniqueness of the metrics specific to a social venture. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Dispatches

Dispatches

Finite Element Modelling Of Compartment Fire Using ABAQUS

This paper presents finite element modelling (FEM) of a reinforced concrete (RC) frame subjected to elevated temperature. The work presented is part of the UK-India Education and Research Initiative (UKIERI) project. In this project, an experimental test of sub-assemblage frame with elevated temperature has been performed at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, India. The finite element model using ABAQUS software has been used to validate the increased in temperature distribution on reinforced concrete frame exposed to fire. The idea of this study is to design a compartment fire, and determination of emissivity value at different height. And composition of hot gases was calculated. Gas temperatures used was based on the average temperature-curve obtained in the fire test. The validity of the finite element model was established by comparing the predicted values from the FEM with test data direct from fire test results. The results obtained indicate that suggested FEM analysis procedure is capable of modelling temperature in compartment fires. Â

Impacts of Waste Dumps to Surrounding Environments in Major Cities of Chhattisgarh

The Status of Environment Report, 2004 of Chhattisgarh is prepared by Chhattisgarh Environmental Conservation Board with the help of Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. The Report also analyses the Vision 2010 document brought out by the State Government of Chhattisgarh. State of Environment - Chhattisgarh has been prepared by IIT, Bombay under the United Nation Development Programme (UNDP) Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), Government of India (GOI), New Delhi in consultation with Environmental Protection Training and Research Institute (EPTRI), Hyderabad, a National Host Institution, to assist the local government. Pressure, State, Impact, Response (PSIR) methodology, an internationally recognized method has been adopted to study the pressure on the state of environment by different sectors. The report contains twelve chapters which deal with various sectors including geography and demography, agriculture and allied sectors, water resources, forests and biodiversity, tribal development, energy and power, industries and growth, urban development, transportation and tourism, mining and health. Pressures caused by the sectorial development on environment, the present state of environment, impact of environment due to the altered state of environment and the responses of the society and the government in terms of its policies are discussed in detail in each of these sectors.

Metabolomics and its integration with systems biology: PSI 2014 conference panel discussion report

Metabolomics, being a relatively new field, is facing multiple challenges related to data acquisition and interpretation, reproducibility across analytical platforms, integration with other omics approaches and translation into theragnostic biomarkers. There is an immediate need to overcome these challenges in order to make metabolomics more useful and reliable in terms of improving our current understanding of disease biology and help in developing predictive biomarkers. Researchers interested in metabolomics gathered for a panel discussion on ‘Metabolomics and its integration with systems biology’ during the 6th Annual Meeting of Proteomics Society-India and International Conference on “Proteomics from Discovery to Function” held at the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay from December 7–9, 2014. The panel discussed various challenges related to metabolomics and also proposed several effective solutions for optimum implementation of metabolomics in clinical practice. The key areas of panel discussion were improvement in metabolite databases with comprehensive spectral libraries, need for extensive bioinformatics tools for integrative approaches and serious considerations for clinical validation of the biomarkers for the successful implementation of metabolomics in clinics. Biological significanceInformation drafted in this report is significant for researchers working in metabolomics field to overcome the challenges and successful implementation of metabolomics in clinical practice.This article is part of a special issue titled: Proteomics in India.

Technology Focus: Natural Gas Processing and Handling (April 2015)

Technology Focus Of the top 10 largest discoveries in 2013, half are natural-gas discoveries and all are in offshore environments, primarily in Africa (Mozambique, Angola, and Tanzania), Far East Asia (Malaysia), and transcontinental countries (Egypt), with estimated resources of more than 4,000 million BOE. The rest of the discoveries are mainly light oil, very likely containing associated gas. To bring gas from remote locations to the markets will remain an imposing task, with unavoidable challenges in terms of exploration, production, processing, and transportation, especially now when both oil and gas prices are low. The leading countries in natural-gas production in 2013, the same as in 2012, were the US (687.6 billion m3, 20.6% of total world gas production), the Russian Federation (604.8 billion m3, 17.9%), and Iran (166.6 billion m3, 4.9%). On the consumption side, the natural-gas consumption growth rate has been steady in the past decade (2003–13) with an average growth rate of 2.6%, while 2010 had a negative growth rate of -2.1%; 2011 had the highest rate at 7.6%; and, in 2013, the growth rate was 1.4%. The US is, by far, the leading country in natural-gas consumption (737.2 billion m3, 22.2% of total world gas consumption), followed by the Russian Federation (413.5 billion m3, 12.3%), China including Hong Kong SAR (164.2 billion m3, 4.95%), and Iran (162.2 billion m3, 4.8%). China had the highest gas-consumption incremental of 15.3 billion m3 from 2012 to 2013, followed by the US (14.2 billion m3), Brazil (5.9 billion m3), and Germany (5.3 billion m3). On the transportation side, the numbers are similar: Approximately 1035.9 billion m3 of gas was transported in 2013, which was a 1.5% increase over 2012. Of that, approximately 68.6% was transported by pipelines and the rest was by liquefied natural gas (LNG) in 2013 vs. 68.0% for pipelines and 31.8% for LNG in 2012. The Russian Federation, Qatar, Norway, and Canada are the top four countries in exporting gas (225.5, 125.5, 106.2, and 78.9 billion m3, respectively) and accounted for more than 51% of total world gas movement. The Russian Federation remains the dominant player in pipeline transportation, moving approximately 30% of total global pipeline gas, while Qatar moved more than 32% of the total LNG worldwide. With so many new gas discoveries in offshore locations, transporting gas across water will remain one of the major challenges in gas monetization, and pipelines and LNG (including floating LNG) will remain the primary means of natural-gas transportation. More information will be presented at the SPE Workshop on Gas Field Developments— Pushing the Limits, which is scheduled for 8–11 March 2015 in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. JPT Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org. OTC 24674 Accurate Phase- Equilibria Predictions for Hydrates of Multicomponent Natural Gases by Prathyusha Mekala, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, et al. OTC 25413 Qualification of a Cryogenic Floating Flexible Hose Enabling Safe and Reliable Offshore LNG Transfer for Tandem FLNG Offloading Systems by Vincent Lagarrigue, Trelleborg, et al. SPE 172079 Improving Gas/Condensate Recovery Factor and Addressing the Flow- Assurance Issue With an Innovative and Highly Accurate Fluid Sensor for Wet-Gas Business by B. Pinguet, Schlumberger

Review of Fluvial Hydrodynamics: Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Phenomena by Subhasish DeyGeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences Book Series, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg; 2014; ISBN 978-3-642-19061-2, ISBN 978-3-642-19062-9 (eBook); DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-19062-9; 687 pp.; $139/€107.09/£93.50.

Review of Fluvial Hydrodynamics: Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Phenomena by Subhasish DeyGeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences Book Series, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg; 2014; ISBN 978-3-642-19061-2, ISBN 978-3-642-19062-9 (eBook); DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-19062-9; 687 pp.; $139/€107.09/£93.50.

High Performance EEG Signal Classification using Classifiability and the Twin SVM

Event Abstract Back to Event High Performance EEG Signal Classification using Classifiability and the Twin SVM Sumit Soman1* and Jayadeva .1 1 Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, Department of Electrical Engineering, India Classification of Electroencephalogram (EEG) data for imagined motor movements has been a challenge in the design and development of Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs). There are two principle challenges. The first is the variability in the recorded EEG data, which manifests across trials as well as across individuals. Consequently, features that are more discriminative need to be identified before any pattern recognition technique can be applied. The second challenge is in the pattern recognition domain. The number of data samples in a class of interest, e.g. a specific action, is a small fraction of the total data, which is composed of samples corresponding to all actions of all users. Building a robust classifier when learning from a highly unbalanced dataset is very difficult; minimizing the classification error typically causes the larger class to overwhelm the smaller one. We show that the combination of ‘classifiability’ for selecting the optimal frequency band and the use of the Twin Support Vector Machine (Twin SVM) for classification, yields significantly improved generalization. On benchmark BCI Competition datasets, the proposed approach often yields up to 20% improvement over the state-of-the-art. Figure 1 References Soman, Sumit and Jayadeva. "High performance EEG signal classification using classifiability and the Twin SVM." Applied Soft Computing Vol. 30 (May 2015): pp. 305-318 [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568494615000204] Keywords: Brain Computer Interface, Classifiability, Support Vector Machines, Motor Imagery (MI), multiclass classification, Unbalanced data Conference: German-Japanese Adaptive BCI Workshop, Kyoto, Japan, 28 Oct - 29 Oct, 2015. Presentation Type: Poster presentation Topic: Adaptive BCI Citation: Soman S and . J (2015). High Performance EEG Signal Classification using Classifiability and the Twin SVM. Front. Comput. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: German-Japanese Adaptive BCI Workshop. doi: 10.3389/conf.fncom.2015.56.00020 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 18 Sep 2015; Published Online: 04 Nov 2015. * Correspondence: Mr. Sumit Soman, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, Department of Electrical Engineering, Delhi, India, sumit.soman@gmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Sumit Soman Jayadeva . Google Sumit Soman Jayadeva . Google Scholar Sumit Soman Jayadeva . PubMed Sumit Soman Jayadeva . Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Highly cited publications output by India in materials science published during 2003–2012: A scientometric assessment

The main objective of this research was to identify highly cited papers in materials science and to analyze their publication and citation data to study their citation characteristics and to understand what role contributing authors, research organizations, as well as international collaborative players play in Indian materials science research. Indian materials science articles published from 2003 to 2012 were screened and highly cited papers, with at least 100 citations since publication, were identified and selected for a bibliometric analysis. The total number of papers, authorship, and collaboration statistics are presented for authors, institutions, foreign countries. To assess contributions, a new indicator, and the major contributor index (MCI) were used. Citation trends for all papers, as well as for top papers, are presented. A total of 396 highly cited articles, constituting 2.59% world share and 2.96% country share, were published by India in materials science output during 2003–2012. This study covered only those papers that received at least 100 citations since publication. In recent years, top-cited articles have reached their citation peak in the early years of their citation life cycle but have shown a more rapid decreasing trend compared to top-cited articles from the past decades. These 396 articles have received 68,668 citations, with an average citation per paper being 173.40. The leading Indian organizations participating in highly cited research were IISc-Bangalore (49 papers), NCL-Pune (29 papers), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Research-Bangalore (25 papers), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Delhi and IIT-Kharagpur (16 papers each), Indian Institute of Chemical Technology-Hyderabad (15 papers), etc. The leading authors were C.N.R. Rao (20 papers), M. Sastry and V.K. Gupta (9 papers each), A. Govindaraj (8 papers), and A. Ahmad, V. Thomas, and C.D. Lokhande (6 papers each). The leading international collaborative countries were the USA (49 papers), Japan (27 papers), Germany (23 papers), South Korea (12 papers), and France (9 papers). MCI varied among leading institutions, as well as among individual authors. An indicator like the MCI can provide a proxy for the contributions made by an individual or institution. It reflects the independent research ability and leadership. In future evaluations of the institution or individual performances, the MCI should be included, together with the number of total papers, to provide a better profile of research performance.

Design education for sustainability: a case study for an inclusive approach to design in India

People around the globe recognise that the current development trends are clearly unsustainable and that education can be seen as a critical tool for advancing our society towards sustainability. This paper showcases a case study for 'Envisioning a sustainable Guwahati Railway Station Complex of the future' undertaken by students of the Department of Design at the Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati. The paper highlights the importance of participatory design, systems thinking and collective group learning when engaged in the design of complex public systems such as a railway station. It makes the case for design education for sustainability in the rapidly urbanising Indian context and concludes that design education should include approaches and methods that sensitise the students to the parameters of sustainability which are contextually relevant, inclusive and socially acceptable.

Numerical Simulation of Radiative Transfer

1School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China 2The Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781037, India 3School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China 4School of Energy & Environment Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2103 Ping Liang Road, Shanghai 200090, China 5The Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal 6The Institut Pprime, CNRS-ENSMA, 86961 Futuroscope Chasseneuil Cedex, France

Dynamics and Control of Energy Systems–A Recent Perspective: Preface to the Special Issue on Energy System Modeling and Optimization Conference (ESMOC 2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTDynamics and Control of Energy Systems–A Recent Perspective: Preface to the Special Issue on Energy System Modeling and Optimization Conference (ESMOC 2013)S. Pushpavanam, P. Gupta, and Babatunde A. Ogunnaike*View Author Information Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai 600 036, India National Institute of Technology (NIT), Durgapur, West Bengal 713 209, India University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States*E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2014, 53, 51, 19653Publication Date (Web):December 4, 2014Publication History Published online4 December 2014Published inissue 24 December 2014https://doi.org/10.1021/ie504592vCopyright © 2014 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views399Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (120 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Energy,Green chemistry,Optimization Get e-Alerts

Fabrication of nanoadjuvant with poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) for developing a single-shot vaccine providing prolonged immunity [Corrigendum

Fabrication of nanoadjuvant with poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) for developing a single-shot vaccine providing prolonged immunity [Corrigendum] Chandravilas Keshvan Prashant,1 Madhusudan Bhat,2 Sandeep Kumar Srivastava,2 Ankit Saxena,3 Manoj Kumar,4 Amar Singh,3 Mohammed Samim,5 Farhan Jalees Ahmad,6 Amit Kumar Dinda2 1Faculty of Engineering and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; 2Department of Pathology, 3Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; 4Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India; 5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; 6Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, IndiaOn page 937, the author affiliations have been listed incorrectly. The correct author list is as follows:Chandravilas Keshvan Prashant1Madhusudan Bhat2Sandeep Kumar Srivastava2Ankit Saxena3Manoj Kumar4Amar Singh3Mohammed Samim5Farhan Jalees Ahmad6Amit Kumar Dinda21Faculty of Engineering and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; 2Department of Pathology, 3Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; 4Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India; 5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India; 6Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, IndiaRead the original article

PALMPRINT VERIFICATION USING INVARIANT MOMENTS BASED ON WAVELET TRANSFORM

Data security is one of the important issues among computer users. Data security can prevent fraudulent users from accessing an individual’s personal data. The biometrics recognition as one of the most important parts in the security of the data and the application of computer vision. The biometrics is the authentication method used in a wide variety of applications such as e-banking, e-commerce, e-government and many others. A biometric system is one which requires the recognition of a pattern, whereby it enables the differentiation of features from one individual to another. Biometric technologies, thus may be defined as the automated methods of identifying, or authenticating, the identity of a living person based on physiological or behavioral traits. This study emphasizes palmprint recognition, which provides a wide deployment range of authentication methods. The palmprint contains principal lines, wrinkles, fine lines, ridges and surface area; thus the palmprint of person differs from one to another. Previous researchers have difficulty extracting the features of a palm print, because of the effects of rotation, translation and scaling changes and the accuracy rate of verification performance needs to be improved. The aim of this study is to extract shape features using an invariant moments algorithm based on wavelet transform and identify the person’s verification. This model has shown a promising results without the effects of rotation, translation and scaling of objects, because it is associated with the use of a good description of shape features. This system has been tested using databases from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur (IITK), by using the False Rejection Rate (FRR) and False Acceptance Rate (FAR), we may calculate the accuracy rate of verification. The experiment shows a 97.99% accuracy rate of verification.

Leaching of Al-Based Polygrain Quasicrystalline and Related Crystalline Surfaces

Crystalline Surfaces T.P. Yadava,∗, S.S. Mishra, S.K. Pandey, D. Singh, M. Lowe, R. Tamura, N.K. Mukhopadhyay, O.N. Srivastava, R. McGrath, and H.R. Sharma Hydrogen Energy Centre, Department of Physics (Centre of Advance Studies), Surface Science Research Centre and Department of Physics, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK Department of Materials Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

Library Software Awareness: A Survey of OPAC Vs Card Catalogue in IIT Delhi, IIT Kanpur, and Kashmir University

The objective of this study is to highlight the library software awareness with special focus on OPAC Vs card catalogue among the users of Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, IIT Kanpur, and Kashmir University. The study also highlights the features of LibSys and Virtua software used by the select libraries. The investigator has used questionnaire as a key tool for collecting the necessary data for the present study. Although the study covers a number of software packages, but Virtua and LibSys softwares have been discussed in detail. A wonderful finding of this study is that the Kashmir University has successfully installed RFID technology through Virtua; but, the same is yet to take place fully in the select IITs. However, the majority of users in select IITs are using OPAC, while as the usage of OPAC in Kashmir University is comparatively lesser. Another finding of this study is that all the select libraries are still maintaining card catalogues, though used very less. The present study will be useful to enhance the usage of OPAC in the select libraries. It will also serve as a tool for other libraries to analyse the features and facilities of leading indigenous and international software package for selecting the suitable software. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.14429/djlit.34.6164

Use of RFID Technology by Students in Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi and Indian Law Institute, Delhi: A Survey

The paper attempts to investigate the usage behaviour and the related progress of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology as inferred from the opinion of the students from two libraries of academic institutions in New Delhi, viz., Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD) and Indian Law Institute (ILI). It also evaluates users’ ability, knowledge, reasons for effective use, as well as problems faced while using the technology vis-a-vis its impact on the academic environment.

Image based 3D city modeling : Comparative study

Abstract. 3D city model is a digital representation of the Earth’s surface and it’s related objects such as building, tree, vegetation, and some manmade feature belonging to urban area. The demand of 3D city modeling is increasing rapidly for various engineering and non-engineering applications. Generally four main image based approaches were used for virtual 3D city models generation. In first approach, researchers were used Sketch based modeling, second method is Procedural grammar based modeling, third approach is Close range photogrammetry based modeling and fourth approach is mainly based on Computer Vision techniques. SketchUp, CityEngine, Photomodeler and Agisoft Photoscan are the main softwares to represent these approaches respectively. These softwares have different approaches & methods suitable for image based 3D city modeling. Literature study shows that till date, there is no complete such type of comparative study available to create complete 3D city model by using images. This paper gives a comparative assessment of these four image based 3D modeling approaches. This comparative study is mainly based on data acquisition methods, data processing techniques and output 3D model products. For this research work, study area is the campus of civil engineering department, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (India). This 3D campus acts as a prototype for city. This study also explains various governing parameters, factors and work experiences. This research work also gives a brief introduction, strengths and weakness of these four image based techniques. Some personal comment is also given as what can do or what can’t do from these softwares. At the last, this study shows; it concluded that, each and every software has some advantages and limitations. Choice of software depends on user requirements of 3D project. For normal visualization project, SketchUp software is a good option. For 3D documentation record, Photomodeler gives good result. For Large city reconstruction; CityEngine is a good product. Agisoft Photoscan software creates much better 3D model with good texture quality and automatic processing. So this image based comparative study is useful for 3D city user community. Thus this study will provide a good roadmap for geomatics user community to create photo-realistic virtual 3D city model by using image based techniques.

A new approach towards image based virtual 3D city modeling by using close range photogrammetry

Abstract. 3D city model is a digital representation of the Earth's surface and it’s related objects such as building, tree, vegetation, and some manmade feature belonging to urban area. The demand of 3D city modeling is increasing day to day for various engineering and non-engineering applications. Generally three main image based approaches are using for virtual 3D city models generation. In first approach, researchers used Sketch based modeling, second method is Procedural grammar based modeling and third approach is Close range photogrammetry based modeling. Literature study shows that till date, there is no complete solution available to create complete 3D city model by using images. These image based methods also have limitations This paper gives a new approach towards image based virtual 3D city modeling by using close range photogrammetry. This approach is divided into three sections. First, data acquisition process, second is 3D data processing, and third is data combination process. In data acquisition process, a multi-camera setup developed and used for video recording of an area. Image frames created from video data. Minimum required and suitable video image frame selected for 3D processing. In second section, based on close range photogrammetric principles and computer vision techniques, 3D model of area created. In third section, this 3D model exported to adding and merging of other pieces of large area. Scaling and alignment of 3D model was done. After applying the texturing and rendering on this model, a final photo-realistic textured 3D model created. This 3D model transferred into walk-through model or in movie form. Most of the processing steps are automatic. So this method is cost effective and less laborious. Accuracy of this model is good. For this research work, study area is the campus of department of civil engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee. This campus acts as a prototype for city. Aerial photography is restricted in many country and high resolution satellite images are costly. In this study, proposed method is based on only simple video recording of area. Thus this proposed method is suitable for 3D city modeling. Photo-realistic, scalable, geo-referenced virtual 3D city model is useful for various kinds of applications such as for planning in navigation, tourism, disasters management, transportations, municipality, urban and environmental managements, real-estate industry. Thus this study will provide a good roadmap for geomatics community to create photo-realistic virtual 3D city model by using close range photogrammetry.

Monetary Primes Increase Differences in Predicted Life-Satisfaction Between New and Old Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)

Dynamics between money and happiness has attracted many scholars due to its importance in everyday lives but there is no study on the psychological consequences of priming money on life-satisfaction judgments. We examined whether students report life-satisfaction of themselves and that of others differently, after being reminded of money and whether such judgments differ for new versus old institutes of higher education. Students from a new Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) at Gandhinagar and from an old IIT at Bombay were asked to rate how satisfied currently they are with their lives in general and were also asked to predict how satisfied students are at other new and old IITs. Exposure to money did not affect self-reported satisfaction ratings and predictions of life-satisfaction for other students at old IITs. However, predicted life-satisfaction for students at new IITs reduced in presence of money. This made the difference in predicted student life satisfactions between old and new IITs more pronounced after priming money. Money selectively affects life-satisfaction predictions depending on the context and social value of an institution, probably because money makes the market-pricing mode of thought salient. These findings have important implication for education both in Asia and other countries.