Increase In Household Income Research Articles

Budget Variation and Welfare in Cameroon: a Computable General Equilibrium Model Approach

The objective of this paper is to determine the impact of a variation in government spending on the well-being of the population in Cameroon. We use the Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGEM) developed by Decaluwé et al., [1] calibrated on the 2016 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Cameroon [1]. This SAM is constructed from the Resources and Uses Table (RUT) and national accounts data from the National Institute of Statistics [2]. The welfare is measured by the equivalent variation indicator. The results show that a 20% increase in public expenditure would contribute to improving the well-being of salaried households and capitalist households by 883.58 billion CFAF and 5.47 billion CFAF respectively. This improvement in wellbeing is achieved through a reduction in the current price of goods and services in the various sectors (0.76% for agriculture, 0.53% for industry, 0.76% for services and 0.57% for public services) on the one hand, and through an increase in household income on the other, whether they are salaried or capitalist earners.

Do protected areas increase household income? Evidence from a Meta-Analysis

Do protected areas (PAs) increase or reduce the welfare of rural households? This study assesses this key question in environmental economics through a meta-analysis of studies that used income or poverty reduction as measures of welfare. A systematic search of peer-reviewed and “grey” literature identified 99 observations from 30 studies. The results showed that PAs have positive and significant impacts on economic outcomes at the local level, although the effect is small. The likelihood of observing positive economic impacts and the magnitude of the outcomes vary depending upon factors such as the choice of econometric method, location and context: studies from Africa are less likely to show positive welfare effects than studies from Asia and South America. Our findings contribute to research on the nexus between PAs and their economic impacts, and offer recommendations for researchers and practitioners working on this frontier.

The impact of one-parent family payment reforms on the labour market outcomes of lone parents

AbstractWe evaluate the impact of a reduction in the child qualifying age for the One-Parent Family Payment in Ireland. From 2012 to 2015, the child qualifying age was reduced from 18 to 7 years. Lone parents who no longer qualified for the payment, based on the age of their child, could avail of Jobseekers Transitional Payment, which involves a labour activation component. The reforms led to an increase in the average hours worked of lone parents of between 2 and 5 h per week. Lone parents impacted by the policy were 13 percentage points more likely to be working. In addition, we find an increase in household income of between 9% and 12%, and an increase of between 23% and 29% in earnings from employment. Finally, the policy was associated with a 10–14 percentage point reduction in the poverty rate of lone parents.

Analisis Keuntungan Usaha Penangkaran Burung Murai Batu (Copsychus malabaricus) Di Kota Bengkulu

Abstract Nowadays, breeding captivity of white-rumped shama (Copsychus malabaricus) becomes a popular business among bird lovers in Bengkulu. It has been directed to create an independent livestock business. This captivity business aims to increase household income and gain profits. Captivity breeding has developed into a promising and potential business. This study aimed to analyze the profits of white-rumped shama breeding captivity business in Bengkulu city. The research was purposively conducted in Bengkulu City. A snowball sampling method was used to determine respondents. Total of 19 respondents were interviewed based on questionairres to determine the characteristics of respondents, total cost, total revenue and R/C ratio. The results showed that the majority of white-rumped shama breeders in Bengkulu city were male (95%) and classified into a productive age group. The average total revenue was Rp 150,744,354/year per respondent. The average of R/C ratio was 2.47, which means that white-rumped shama breeding captivity business in Bengkulu is feasible to be developed. Key words: Bengkulu City, Breeding Captivity, Profit Analyses, White-rumped Shama

Model Peningkatan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Berbasis Faktor-Faktor Produksi Di Kota Medan

Currently, home industry business actors must be able to prepare themselves and have a good strategy in producing quality products and have an extensive marketing network, so that the products produced can be accepted by the market or consumers, so that small industrial businesses can increase family income. This study aims to determine how the model of increasing household income based on factors of production in the city of Medan. The specific objectives of this study are 1) to design a model of increasing household income based on factors of production in the city of Medan. 2) determine the production factors that support the increase in household income in producing products. This research is a basic research because in this research a modeling process is carried out to obtain the most appropriate model in increasing household income based on production factors in home industries in Medan City. The research population is the target population, namely the home industry business in the city of Medan, which is a manufacturing business with a capital scale of < Rp. 2000.000.000,- This research is quantitative descriptive, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) research method to analyze home industry business based on production factors and causality test to determine income increase model based on production factors. Data analysis techniques will be assisted with AMOS and SPSS tools. The results of the structural model research show that the dominant factors affecting family income are capital, human resources, technology and marketing.

PERANAN PEREMPUAN PESISIR DALAM MENINGKATKAN EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA

This study aims to determine the role of coastal women in Labuhan Sumbawa Village, Labuhan Badas District in optimizing their position as not only housewives but also being able to help improve the household economy. This research is descriptive. Research informants consisted of the head of the PKK, village officials, community leaders and the people of Labuhan Sumbawa Village. Data was collected by using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Data analysis was carried out using Miles and Huberman qualitative data analysis techniques, including data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed that the role of women in Labuhan Sumbawa Village was not only being a housewife but also participating in increasing their family's household income. The participation of coastal women in Labuhan Sumbawa Village is by having a side business in order to improve family welfare. The participation of coastal women in Labuhan Sumbawa Village is manifested in the housewife sector, trading, as well as social activities. The need for coastal women to improve their business is the need for business capital assistance for home industries so that the quality of the product can support family income. There needs to be a special auction place provided by the government so that the price of fish increases so that household income increases. If household income increases, coastal women no longer need to do activities outside the home.

Assessment of Socio-Economic Values of Agricultural Experience Services in School Garden Education

Background and objective This study intends to assess the socio-economic monetary value of school garden education services by converting them into market values using assessment indicators for school gardens, which are spaces for students to engage in various experiences and urban agricultural activities. Methods We identified the characteristics and current status of urban school gardens through literature review, collected opinions from a total of two rounds of expert advice, determined willingness to pay (WTP) and the importance of detailed values based on the parent survey, estimated the monetary value of each detailed value using the contingent valuation method (CVM) of WTP, and estimated three economic values. Results The total amount of educational, health, welfare, and environmental values provided by school garden education for participating students was estimated to range from a minimum of 193.1 billion won to a maximum of 978.4 billion won. The total amount of economic value provided to farm households, related industries and the economically active population was estimated to be 476.1 billion won. The job creation effect was the highest at 266.2 billion won, followed by the industrial ripple effect (157.3 billion won) and the farm household income increase effect (52.6 billion won). The evolution of school gardens is expected to reduce problems in urban areas such as environmental issues, promote community spirit through agriculture, and produce industrial ripple effects such as an increase in farm household income and job creation, raising the need to maintain multiple functions of school gardens. The total socio-economic value of school garden education seemed to range from 669.2 billion won to 1.4545 trillion won based on the operating fund, government budget, and value-added tax (VAT) of 2020. Conclusion The results of this study can be used as basic data to assess the overall value of agricultural experience services in school garden education.

Clean energy powers energy poverty alleviation: Evidence from Chinese micro-survey data

The impact of clean energy development on alleviating energy poverty is yet unknown. Therefore, this paper uses the micro data of the China Family Panel Studies to examine the impact of clean energy on alleviating energy poverty with the Probit estimation model. It is revealed that the widespread use of clean energy can significantly reduce the possibility of respondents falling into energy poverty. This is confirmed by historical instrumental variables and robustness tests. Additionally, the significant promoting effect of clean energy affects only female respondents, not male respondents. The regression results for groups at different education levels prove that the use of clean energy is only conducive to alleviating the energy poverty of respondents with a college degree or below. Furthermore, the mechanism test results propose that clean energy not only plays an intermediary role in promoting employment and increasing household income, but could also have health effects that reduce household medical expenditure. Thus, more income can be spent to improve the energy consumption structure and eliminate energy poverty. This paper's conclusion can provide references for clarifying the relationship between clean energy and energy poverty and setting policy implementation plans.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Empon-Empon Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Tahan Tubuh Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19, Di Desa Bantaran, Kabupaten Probolinggo

The Covid-19 outbreak has spread to almost of all the regions of the world and has affected various aspects of people lives. The economic, educational, and social sectors were not immune from the impact. Based on the results of research conducted, to be able to overcome these problems, there was one factor that could overcome impact of the virus attack was the existence of a good immune system. Empon-empon traditional drinks were known to contain various natural ingredients that are efficacious to enhance the body's resistance of viral attacks. activity of socializing the produce of empon-empon aimed to provide an understanding the benefits of empon-empon in increasing endurance and to socialize the making it to the residents of Bantaran Village, Probolinggo Regency. This activity was hoped that the people would understand the benefit and be able to produce both for consumption to increase immunity and can be commercialized to increase household income.

Women’s labor force participation and household technology adoption

We examine how women’s employment leads to household technology adoption in the context of mid-century United States. Using World War II factories and male casualty rates as an instrument for female labor demand, we find that the rise in women’s labor force participation between 1940 and 1950 increased appliance ownership by 25 percent in the average county. This result holds in both panel and cross-sectional estimates, and for two different technologies. We find that increases in household income associated with women’s employment is a salient channel and that the results are not driven by changes in the skill profile or employment outcomes of men, or migration patterns. Together, the evidence is consistent with a historiography that suggests that as women went to work, they adopted appliances with new purchasing and bargaining power.

Preventing households from food insecurity in rural Burkina Faso: Does nonfarm income matter?

AbstractEngaging in nonfarm activities has been considered an important strategy to increase household income in rural Burkina Faso. However, the empirical evidence on how income from nonfarm activities contributes to household food security in the country is limited. Relying on nationwide household panel data and an instrumental variable approach, this study shows that income from nonfarm activities positively affects household food stability and overall food expenditure. The share of food expenditure is also found to be negatively associated with income from nonfarm activities, suggesting an improvement in households' economic status. This evidence has crucial policy implications for food security in rural Burkina Faso, where households face severe income shocks due to both climatic variability and poor investments in agriculture. [EconLit Citations: O13, O55, Q12, Q18].

Improve Household Income Through Peking Duck Farming

Background: Community service was carried out to increase household income in the Serdang village, Curug district, Tangerang regency, by breeding and rearing Peking ducks. Contribution: Peking duck breeding and rearing farming is considered relatively low in maintenance, attainable ducklings, and affordable feed; while the problem of Peking duck breeding and rearing farming is the lack of capital. Method: The implementation methods consist of: the planning stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. Results: The result of this community service is the achievement of total 2,597.9 Kg of ready-to-sell Peking ducks, with the sales profit of Rp 17.950.750 per month. From the total of 1,100 heads initial ducklings reared the mortality rate of 91 occurred at the vulnerable age (5-15 days). Conclusion: By the end of the second season of community service, 3 (three) participants become self-suffcient Peking duck breeders

Butternut Squash (Curcubita moschata) House Development through the Implementation of the Eco-Techno Farming System as a Solution to Increase Family Income During Covid 19 Pandemic in Pudak Village Kumpeh Ulu District Muaro Jambi Regency

The Covid-19 pandemic has greatly affected people's lives, especially women farmer from the Sibermas Mandiri Women's Farmer Group, Pudak Village, Kumpeh Ulu District, Muarojambi Regency. This pandemic has resulted in a decline in household income. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution to increase their household income through the cultivation of Butternut Squash (Curcubita moschata) which currently has a large enough opportunity and market potential to become a business. In an effort to achieve this target, the Butternut Squash cultivation innovation can be implemented through the "Learning by Doing" model, which is a cultivation implementation model that is directly carried out by the Women Farmers group on the land. The result of these activities show that the average butternut squash production reaches ± 150 kg. With the selling price of butternut squash Rp.8.000/kg, the average omzet obtained is ± Rp. 1.200.000,-. It shows that the cultivation of butternut squash can increase household income and encourage the women farmer group to continue the cultivation of butternut squash independently.

Business Feasibility Test and Community-Based Waste Management Model in Kutasari Village, Banyumas District

The rate of population growth that increases every year is accompanied by the level of public consumption, which can trigger an increase in waste production which impacts the community. Therefore, the research objectives were 1) to identify the potential for waste management in Kutasari Village, Baturaden District Banyumas Regency; 2) analyze the business feasibility of a waste in Kutasari Village, Baturaden District Banyumas Regency from a financial perspective; 3) identify the driving and inhibiting factors in waste bank management management in Kutasari Village, Baturaden District Banyumas Regency; 4) identify stakeholders involved in waste bank management management in Kutasari Village, Baturaden District Banyumas Regency, and 5) formulate a waste bank management model management in Kutasari Village, Baturaden District Banyumas Regency. The research method was a mixed-method of the business feasibility method and the Miles and Huberman method. Furthermore, the determination of research location used the purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the waste bank was an alternative solution in waste management. Financially, this business was feasible to run. It could be seen from the R/C ratio value, which was 1.41. The driving factor in the management of waste banks was public awareness of the economic value of waste. In contrast, the inhibiting factor was the lack of community participation in innovation. Stakeholders involved in waste bank management were local governments, private institutions, universities, collectors, and the community. Then the formation of a waste management model is expected to improve the community's economy. In addition, this model sought to empower the community to increase household income sustainably.

Cost and affordability of healthy, equitable and more sustainable diets in the Torres Strait Islands

ObjectivesTo assess the cost, cost differential and affordability of current and recommended (healthy, equitable, culturally acceptable and more sustainable) diets in the Torres Strait Islands and compare with other Queensland locations. MethodsThe Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Healthy Diets ASAP (Australian Standardised Affordability and Pricing) methods protocol was applied in five randomly selected communities in the Torres Strait Islands. ResultsThe current diet was 32% more expensive than that recommended; ‘discretionary’ foods comprised 64% of the current diet cost. Families could save at least A$281.38 a fortnight by switching to recommended diets. However, these cost 35‐40% more than elsewhere in Queensland. Recommended diets would cost 35% of median and 48% of welfare household income in the Torres Straits. ConclusionsWhile less expensive than the current diet, recommended diets are unaffordable for most households. Consequently, many Torres Strait Islander families are at high risk of food insecurity and diet‐related disease. Implications for public healthUrgent policy action is required to further lower the relative price of recommended diets, and also increase household incomes and welfare supplements to equitably improve food security and diet‐related health, and contribute to environmental sustainability in the Torres Strait Islands.

Systematic Literature Review: An overview of Digital Agriculture for Food Sustainability

Digital agriculture has been noted to have far reaching prospects in the transformation of agribusiness. Digital technologies are been applied to improve food production, processing, security and packaging. As most of the least developed and developing economies are strategizing to reduce poverty and hunger, digital agriculture presents opportunities to reverse the trends. Thus, this paper presents a systematic literature review with aim to collect all related research and identify gaps in digital agriculture, as well as to understand the benefits of digital technology in agriculture in other to chart new proposition for future studies. A systematic literature review was carried, and we have extracted 67 journals published within the last two decades (2002 -2022). Findings suggests that digital agriculture is important drivers of food sustainability, with improve production yield and increase household income. Also, 42% of the studies on digital agriculture are dominated by precision agriculture model. This SLR recognizes knowledge gaps in relation to the context, theory and content for future research.

Digital Marketing Tanaman Hias dan Sayuran Hasil Urban Farming pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

One thing that has changed due to the Covid-19 pandemic is the increasing public interest in farming, especially in urban areas (urban farming). The purpose of writing the results of the implementation of community service in an effort to socialize digital marketing of ornamental plants and vegetables from urban farming during the pandemic Covid-19. The method that has been chosen as the location of the service is done intentionally (purposive). The results obtained are many digital marketing platforms that can be used easily by participants and are supported by the increasing number of internet users in Indonesia so that the use of digital marketing as a marketing of urban farming crops is very possible. The data obtained that the purpose of the participants to grow vegetables and ornamental plants produced using the urban farming method is mostly to increase household income and consumption, then 100% of the participants stated that the activities of Lecturers in Service in Cihideung Ilir Village are able to increase knowledge and are important for participants.

Double Difference (DD) Fixed Effects Method in Micro Loans on Household Income in Indonesia

Micro-loans are loans aimed at helping poor or low-income communities to increase their income through increasing productivity so as to reduce poverty. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of micro-loans to the increase in household income per capita in Indonesia and to determine the impact of micro-loans that actually result in an increase in household income per capita in Indonesia. The method used is Double Difference (DD) Fixed Effects with data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2000 and 2007. The estimation results show that it is proven that the impact of micro loans on income changes is not visible and even looks negative 0.446. There was an increase in total income in 2007 compared to 2000 with a coefficient value of 0.279 using the nominal value. However, in real terms, the coefficient value is not significant, namely negative 0.063.

PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KONEKTOR MASKER DAN SOSIALISASI PEMANFAATAN SOSIAL MEDIA SEBAGAI MEDIA PENJUALAN

The Covid pandemic has caused shortages of food, drinks and health items such as medicines and masks. From the use of these masks, there are opportunities that can increase household income, namely the manufacture of mask connectors which are usually used by hijab users. The method used in this community service is training. The results during the training were based on the participants' statements that the training was very useful for opening a small business using a small amount of capital.

Appraisal of determinants of orange-fleshed sweet potato production and utilization in Isiolo County, Kenya

Micronutrient deficiency remains a leading challenge among children and pregnant women in arid and semi-arid areas (ASALs) of Kenya. An important strategy for supplementing dietary intake of micronutrients, especially vitamin A, is through food fortification. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) affects 190 million pre-school children and 19 million pregnant women globally. Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OSP) is a rich plant-based source of beta-carotene which is converted into Vitamin A upon consumption and has the potential to alleviate this deficiency among ASALs communities. In this study, household surveys were conducted to profile Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OSP) farmers’ knowledge, production practices, constraints, acceptance and willingness to grow OSP in Isiolo County, Kenya. The overall aim of the study was to enhance adoption and improve food and nutrition security. Farmers were purposively sampled depending on their involvement in sweet potato farming for at least one year. A total of 150 farmers representing three wards namely: Burat, Ngaremara, and Bulla Pesa were interviewed. Data were collected using structured questionnaires via face-to-face interviews as well as focused group discussions (FGDs). Collected data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software Version 16.0. A total of six sweet potato varieties were grown in the study area. The yellow fleshed variety cultivated by 40% of the respondents was cited as the most palatable variety (60%). Only 52.4% of the farmers were aware of OSP and its benefits with 100% of the farmers willing to grow the OSP varieties. Several constraints were reported to influence production of OSP which included pests and diseases, lack of improved varieties, short shelf life, and lack of market (76.2%, 81%, 71.4% and 61.9%, respectively). The most common forms of OSP utilization were whole cooked products and dual purpose, that is, food and feed (81% and 52% of respondents, respectively). The dual nature of sweet potato utilization suggests a huge potential for up-scaling production to satisfy a demand for dietary diversification, value addition and product diversification and eventual increase in household incomes and reduced resource related conflicts among pastoralist communities. Key words: Orange-fleshed Sweet Potato, Adoption, Malnutrition, dietary-diversification, Food security